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Florida Department of Children and Families
Critical Thinking in Safety Decision-Making:Evaluating Information Sufficiency
Reconciling and Validating InformationApplying the Safety Threshold Criteria
Module Objective
Saf
e?
Yes
No
KNOW THE
FAMILY
D1:Extent of
Maltreatment
D2: Surrounding
Circumstances
D3: Child
Functioning
D4: Adult
Functioning
D5:General
Parenting Practices
D6:Discipline or
Behavior Management
Module Objective
List the criteria for sufficient information
Explain what reconciliation and validation are in information gathering and analysis
Apply the safety threshold criteria
When you have finished this module, you will be able to:
Review of Information Standards
Information standards
Six Information Domains
D1:Extent of
Maltreatment
D2: Surrounding
Circumstances
D3: Child
Functioning
D4: Adult
Functioning
D5:General
Parenting Practices
D6:Discipline or
Behavior Management KNOW
THE FAMILY
Safe or Unsafe?
Safe?
Unsafe?
or
D1:Extent of
Maltreatment
D2: Surrounding
Circumstances
D3: Child
Functioning
D4: Adult
Functioning
D5:General
Parenting Practices
D6:Discipline or
Behavior Management KNOW
THE FAMILY
When is it Enough?
?
Why is Sufficiency Important?
Judging Sufficiency of Information
Five essential criteria:
1. Describes the domain (by definition) in full and acceptable ways, so that a picture of what has or is happening can be understood
Judging Sufficiency of Information
D1:Extent of
MaltreatmentD2:
Surrounding Circumstances
D3: Child
Functioning
D4: Adult
Functioning
D5:General Parenting
Practices
D6:Disciplinary
Practices
Five essential criteria:
2. Is relevant to the domain only
Judging Sufficiency of Information
Five essential criteria:
3. Is pertinent to gaining a full understanding of the domain
D
O T E C T I V E
D A N G E R
VULNERABLE
C H I
P
PAC
TY
TH
EATS
U N S A F
SAF
Five essential criteria:
4. Is adequate… enough information to have confidence about conclusions we reach
Judging Sufficiency of Information
C
Five essential criteria:
5. Covers the principal or core issues associated with the domain
Judging Sufficiency of Information
Reconciling and Validating
Qualitative Judgment About the Information
Information collection with the child victim
Other siblings
Non-abusing parent
Alleged perpetrator
Process of Reconciling and Validating
Reconciling and Validating
Reconciling & Validating
Reconciling &
Validating
Reconciling & Validating
Reconciling & Validating
Reconciling & Validating
Reconciling &
Validating
D1:Extent of
Maltreatment
D2: Surrounding
Circumstances
D3: Child
Functioning
D4: Adult
Functioning
D5:General
Parenting Practices
D6:Discipline or
Behavior Management KNOW
THE FAMILY
Example: Adult Functioning
Goal of Reconciling and Validating
Present or impending danger threats
Child vulnerability
Caregiver protective capacity
=Safe
or Unsafe+/- +/-
Safety Threshold Criteria
Threshold Criteria: Out of Control Behaviors, Circumstances and Conditions
DANGER THREAT?
1. Immediacy 2. Severity 3. Out of Control 4. Vulnerable Child 5. Observable
Threshold Criteria #1: Immediacy?
Immediacy
WITHOUT DELAY
OCCURRING IN NEAR FUTURE
Immediacy
Threshold Criteria #2: Severity?
Severity
SERIOUS INJURY
DEBILITATING PHYSICAL HEALTH
SIGNIFICANT IMPAIRMENT/ACUTE SUFFERING
TERRORIZING/LIFE THREATENING
Severity
Out of Control
Threshold Criteria #3: Out of control?
Immediacy
NOT SUBJECT TO INTERNAL INFLUENCE
UNRESTRAINED/UNMANAGED
WITHOUT LIMITS
Out of Control
Threshold Criteria #4: Vulnerable Child?
Severity
Vulnerability
Immediacy
DEPENDENT ON OTHERS FOR PROTECTION
INDIVIDUAL CHILD FACTORS (AGE, PHYSICAL ABILITY, COGNITIVE ABILITY, DEVELOPMENTAL STATUS AND MORE . . .)
ALL CHILDREN IN HOME
Vulnerability
Out of Control
Threshold Criteria #5: Observable?
Severity
Immediacy
Observable
CAN BE SEEN AND DESCRIBED
HAS BEEN OBSERVED BY FAMILY AND OTHERSPERSONAL OBSERVATIONS
FEELINGS OR PERCEPTIONS EVIDENCED BY SPECIFIC BEHAVIORS, SITUATIONS
OR VERBAL STATEMENTS
Critical thinking Five criteria for evaluating information sufficiency Importance and process of reconciling and validating
information Safety threshold criteria
Summary
Discussion Guide and Quiz
Q1: Sufficient information is:
a. Information that gives us a full pictureb. Is relevant to the particular information domainc. Is pertinent to the information domaind. Is adequate and gives us confidence about conclusionse. All of the above
Q1: Sufficient information is:
a. Information that gives us a full pictureb. Is relevant to the particular information domainc. Is pertinent to the information domaind. Is adequate and gives us confidence about conclusionse. ALL OF THE ABOVE
The correct answer is (e) all of the above. Information sufficiency is dependent upon these four standards and a fifth one – being able to describe principal or core issues associated with each domain - being met which ensures you that you have all the necessary information you need to make the appropriate safety decision.
Q2: Which is the typical sequence followed in the information collection protocol:
a. Other children in the home, victim, non-abusing parent, alleged perpetrator
b. Alleged perpetrator, victim, other children in the home, non-abusing parent
c. Victim, other children in the home, non-abusing parent, alleged perpetrator
d. Victim, non-abusing parent, other children in the home, alleged perpetrator
Q2: Which is the typical sequence followed in the information collection protocol:
a. Other children in the home, victim, non-abusing parent, alleged perpetrator
b. Alleged perpetrator, victim, other children in the home, non-abusing parent
c. VICTIM, OTHER CHILDREN IN THE HOME, NON-ABUSING PARENT, ALLEGED PERPETRATOR
d. Victim, non-abusing parent, other children in the home, alleged perpetrator
The correct answer is (c). Because of a combination of factors - safety concerns, children generally being more open and honest, or at least easier to recognize when they are being deceptive, we almost always interview all children in the home prior to the adults. And, the last adult we want to interview is the alleged perpetrator so we can be as prepared as we can with the most information available to us at the time of that interview.
Q3: Reconciling information means:
a. Quoting exactly what the parents said
b. Knowing only what maltreatment occurred
c. Determining the evidence that is necessary for prosecution
d. Settling or resolving differences in information in order to have a true understanding of each information domain
e. None of the above
Q3: Reconciling information means:
a. Quoting exactly what the parents said
b. Knowing only what maltreatment occurred
c. Determining the evidence that is necessary for prosecution
d. SETTLING OR RESOLVING DIFFERENCES IN INFORMATION IN ORDER TO HAVE A TRUE UNDERSTANDING OF EACH INFORMATION DOMAIN
e. None of the above
The correct answer is (d): settling or resolving differences in information in order to have a true understanding of each information domain. Remember, the foundation for all quality decision making is the accuracy of the information upon which the decision is based so it is essential for you to resolve all critical discrepancies in what has occurred regarding the maltreatment and in what you know about the family in terms of their day to day functioning which reveals impending danger.
Q4: Which of the following is not one of the safety threshold criteria:
a. Immediate
b. Potentially Severe
c. Out Of Control
d. Protective Capacity
e. Observable
Q4: Which of the following is not one of the safety threshold criteria:
a. Immediate
b. Potentially Severe
c. Out Of Control
d. PROTECTIVE CAPACITY
e. Observable
The correct answer is (d) protective capacity. The other four choices, along with vulnerable child, are the five safety threshold criteria. Protective capacity, on the other hand, has to do with an adult caregiver’s ability to protect a child from an identified danger threat in the household in which the caregiver and child reside. It is a key component in the determination of safe or unsafe but is not one of the safety threshold criteria in identifying whether a present or impending danger threat exists or not.
Q5: The threshold criteria “observable” means you have personally witnessed the action or behavior:
a. Trueb. False
Q5: The threshold criteria “observable” means you have personally witnessed the action or behavior:
a. Trueb. FALSE
The correct answer is (b) false. In terms of the safety threshold criteria “observable” simply means someone in the family or any second party observer, neighbor, teacher, or any collateral contact has personally seen the action, behavior or circumstance being described. Skilled investigators and case managers try to validate this information from another source whenever possible.
Module Three: Critical Thinking in Safety Decision Making
Congratulations!
1. Log into FSFN.2. Click Create > Worker Training > Individual Training Plan.3. Click Search within the Assigned Training in Progress group box.4. Enter E-Learning 3: Critical Thinking (or simply enter “E“ followed
by *) and then click search.5. Click Select next to the course when it appears.6. Click Continue at the bottom of the page.7. When the selected course title is displayed on your Individual Worker screen,
indicate that the status is “Completed” and record the completion date.8. Click Save.
Critical Thinking Course Registration
To receive credit for this course, you will need to:
This should then be displayed in your “Individual Training History”.
