Critical Health Care System

Shankar Somasundaram,Aditya

Sane,Neelesh Mundra,Kunal Mundra

CSIDC

VESIT,Mumbai,India

Need for System and Parameters Measured Health care for the masses in a

densely populated country like India

Critical health care parameters :- Respiration Rate Oxygen Saturation ECG

Block Diagram of the System

Block Diagram components Breathing rate, Oxygen Saturation and

ECG are sensors used Micro-controller used to multiplex and

send signals to Level shifter Level shifter converts TTL to RS323

values Demultiplexed at receiver side . Compared with values in database to

check condition of signal and transmitted over the internet

ECG Contraction of atria is

associated with ECG called P

Q,R,S and T associated with ventricles

Abnormalities in ECG relates to difference in these 5 waves

Next slide shows abnormalities in ECG

ECG ( continued) Wavelet transform would be used to

analyse the ECG signal since it can resolve both time and frequency components of the signal

Wavelet transform require fewer terms to represent a signal and does not require time synchronization like FFT does.

For the project the ECG sensor was not built and ECG waveforms were painfully got from hospitals and analysed

ECG signal [ bottom] and the Wavelet transform [top]

Oxygen Saturation

Oxygen Saturation[Continued] Pass red light through a earlobe Bright red oxygenated blood will

absorb most of the red light,deoxygenated blood won’t

Visible red light LED[640nm used] To compensate for ear

thickness,light source working at infrared used

Oxygen Saturation[Continued] ADC was a 2-channel 8 bit device

compatible with 89C52 micorcontroller Micro-controller reads data at 1ms

duration and measures differential attenuation of the 2 signals to cancel external signals

Lots of design considerations were made to select each of the IC’s for the hardware[ not mentioned here]

Limitations of oxygen Saturation Carbon Monoxide poisoning will

cause the blood to change to bright red colour which the system won’t detect.

Strong drugs affecting blood colour will interfere with the system

Respiration Rate

Respiration Rate [continued] Breathing rate monitored by

thermistor Instrumentation amplifier used

since low noise amplification was required of the signal

Schmitt trigger converts signal to square wave

Micro-controller counts number of breaths

Respiration Rate [continued] Lots of design considerations were

made when the IC’s for thermistor and Instrumentation amplifier was chosen

Multiplexer Oximeter samples data every 2 ms

and transfers data to port 0 of 89C52

Every 1 s ,data from breathing rate comes to port 1

89C52 switches between port 0 and 1 at these instants and transfers data to pin Rx

Applications Sudden Infant Death syndrome :- Infant

suddenly stops breathing Geriatrics :- Can be used to monitor

health of old patients from home In Sports where efforts have been on, to

have the runners run on the tracks and measure their ECG to monitor their health.Extra parameters can be measured with this application

Cost to build the application [without the ECG sensor]

Future of health care The critical health care link system

might be in the direction of the future of health care