Criminal Investigation Unit 1 Lecture. Criminal Investigation: A Method for Reconstructing the Past 5 th edition By James W. Osterburg and Richard H

Criminal Investigation Unit 1 Lecture

Criminal Investigation: A Method for Reconstructing the Past5th edition

By James W. Osterburg and Richard H. Ward

Copyright © 2007Matthew Bender & Company, Inc., a member of the LexisNexis GroupNewark, NJ

877-374-2919

Avoiding Plagiarism

Always Use APA in-text Citations

Course Outcomes

Administrative Issues

How do I access my Text?

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2

3

4

5

Doc Sharing- Your Syllabus

Doc Sharing- Seminar PowerPoints

Administrative Issues How do I access my Text? How do I do well in the seminars?

How do I do Well in the Seminars? Read your Chapters prior to the Seminar Arrive 10 minutes early Dedicate the hour to the Seminar Have your text and notes in front of you Ask Questions Respond to Instructor Questions Additional Suggestions?

READRead Read Read Read Read Read Read Read

Read Read Read Read Read Read Read Read







Administrative Issues How do I access my Text? How do I do well in the seminars? When are my assignments due?

When are my Assignments Due? Easter Time (ET) is the standard at Kaplan. All

times mentioned are Eastern time The academic week starts on Wednesday at 1 second

after Midnight and ends at Midnight on the following Tuesday

All assignments are due by the end of the academic week in which the unit falls; therefore, assignments are due on Tuesday by Midnight

If your assignment is going to be late, contact the instructor

Administrative Issues How do I access my Text? How do I do well in the seminars? When are my assignments due? How do I contact my instructor if I need help?

How do I contact my instructor if I need help? E-mail- [email protected] Office hours

Monday, 9:00 P.M. - 10:00 P.M. ET - (AIM)

Sunday, 8:00 P.M. – 9:00 P.M. ET - (AIM)

AIM when you see me online Other times as arranged Virtual Office in Course Platform

Administrative Issues How do I access my Text? How do I do well in the seminars? When are my assignments due? How do I contact my instructor if I need help? How do I use the Writing Center?

Accessing the Writing Center

READRead Read Read Read Read Read Read Read








Administrative Issues Are there any additional questions? Are you confident that you know how to do

well in this course? How many of you have read you syllabus?

Effective ReadingHow to effectively and efficiently read your textbook

1. Survey

2. Read

3. Record4. Review

Survey

Before you begin reading a chapter, survey the chapter as a whole. The idea is to get an overview of the materials and to see how the chapter is organized. If you look over the main ideas and structure you will be better able to comprehend the materials.

Examine the title of the chapter, the headings and the subheadings.

Preview the learning objectives and the overview at the beginning of the chapter.

Look over the figures, tables, charts, and the definitions of key words that are printed in the margins. Finally look over the summary and review at the end of the chapter. After doing this, you will have a good idea of the overall content and structure of the chapter.

Read Actively

Read Read through the chapter thoroughly. Keep the learning objectives at the beginning of the chapter in

mind when you are reading and try to answer the questions. (This will help you focus your attention on the content of the chapter.)

If you read actively you will be more involved in the materials which will increase your understanding and retention of the material.

Continue to look for answers to questions when you are reading. Some of the headings in the text are framed as questions; try to find

the answers to these questions as you read. You can also turn headings into questions for you to answer. For

example, if the heading is “Planning”, ask yourself what is planning; then look for the answer as you read the section.

Record Make records of the material in the chapter. You can highlight, underline, make notes in the

margins of the textbook, or make separate notes. Look for the main points when you highlight or

take notes. This will bring another dimension to your reading and keep the learning process active.

Try to make the most important points stand out. This will help you remember the information.

Review Read over your notes or highlighted information. Reviewing is important for retention of the material. Recite (aloud or to yourself) the highlights of what you

have read. Ask yourself questions, using questions from the book or

your own. Answer questions in your own words. You should review right after completing each

assignment and periodically to help you retain the information.

Chapter 1

The InvestigatorResponsibilities and Attributes; Origins and Trends

Osterburg & Ward, 2007

Determine whether a crime has been committed

Verify jurisdiction Discover all facts, collect physical evidence,

and follow up on clues Recover stolen property Identify the perpetrator or eliminate a suspect Locate and apprehend the perpetrator Aid the prosecution by providing evidence

of guilt that is admissible in court Testify effectively as a witness in court

Responsibilities of the Investigator


Wickersham Commission (the “third degree”) Hans Gross (father of forensic investigation) Francis Galton (fingerprint science) Paul Uhlenhuth (precipitin tests for blood

species) Calvin Goddard (comparison microscope) Edmond Locard (first police laboratory,

France) Paul Kirk (criminalistics)

The Development of Investigative Methods


Chapter 2

Physical Evidence:Development, Interpretation, Investigative Value


Wet chemistry Instrumental chemistry Firearms and toolmarks Questioned documents Fingerprints Photography Lie detection Voice spectroscopy

Criminalistics Disciplines


Identification The classification process by which an

entity is placed in a pre-defined, limited, or restricted class

Identity Established when the physical evidence

is linked to the suspect

Identification vs. Identity


Help establish elements of a crime

Link the crime scene or victim to the perpetrator (associative evidence)

Reconstruct how the crime was committed

Induce an admission or confession

Protect the innocent

Provide expert testimony in court

Role of the Crime Laboratory


Fingerprints Firearms Blood Semen, other biological material

(DNA profiling) Document examinations Glass Trace evidence

Clue Materials as Information Sources


Chapter 13

Reconstructing the Past:Methods, Evidence, Examples


People

Physical Evidence

Records

Sources of Information


INDUCTION specific > general

a posteriori reasoning

DEDUCTION general > specific

a priori reasoning

CLASSIFICATION systematic arrangement of objects into categories

based on shared characteristics

Definitions


SYNTHESIS the combining of separate parts or elements

ANALYSIS separating a whole into parts for individual study

HYPOTHESIS an assertion that tentatively accounts

for a set of facts

THEORY a somewhat verified hypothesis, with

assumptions chosen to fit empirical knowledge


Definitions

State the problem

Form the hypothesis

Collect data by observing and experimenting

Interpret data as a test of the hypothesis

If data support hypothesis so far, collect additional data

Draw conclusions

The Scientific Method


Criminal Investigation Unit 1 Lecture

Documents

Criminal Investigation Unit 1 Lecture. Criminal Investigation: A Method for Reconstructing the Past 5 th edition By James W. Osterburg and Richard H