Crime Prevention Part I Community Preparedness ©TCLEOSE Course #2101 Crime Prevention Part I Curriculum is the intellectual property of ICJS (2010)

Crime Prevention Part ICrime Prevention Part I

Community Community Preparedness Preparedness

©TCLEOSE Course #2101 Crime Prevention Part I Curriculum is the intellectual property of ICJS (2010)TCLEOSE Course #2101 Crime Prevention Part I Curriculum is the intellectual property of ICJS (2010)

Institute for Criminal Justice StudiesInstitute for Criminal Justice StudiesInstitute for Criminal Justice StudiesInstitute for Criminal Justice Studies

Institute for Criminal Justice StudiesInstitute for Criminal Justice StudiesTexas School Safety CenterTexas School Safety Center

Institute for Criminal Justice StudiesInstitute for Criminal Justice StudiesInstitute for Criminal Justice StudiesInstitute for Criminal Justice Studies

Institute for Criminal Justice StudiesInstitute for Criminal Justice StudiesTexas School Safety CenterTexas School Safety Center

ObjectivesObjectives• Learning Objective: The participant will learn and

demonstrate knowledge of the crime prevention framework.

• Learning Objective: The participant will learn and demonstrate knowledge of Planning for community preparedness

• Learning Objective: The participant will learn overview and demonstrate knowledge of homeland security

• Learning Objective: The participant will learn and demonstrate knowledge of what individuals can do for community preparedness.

• Learning Objective: The participant will learn and demonstrate knowledge and importance of the role of Citizen Corps programs and resources

• Learning Objective: The participant will learn and demonstrate knowledge of how a community-based Neighborhood Watch can contribute to community preparedness


CCrriimme e PPrreevveennttiioonnA pattern of attitudes and behaviors directed both at reducing the threat of crime and enhancing the sense of security, to positively influence

the quality of life in our society, and to develop environments

where crime

cannot flourish.

Crime Prevention Coalition of America

The Ten Action Principles The Ten Action Principles of of CCrriimme e PPrreevveennttiioonn

Crime prevention isCrime prevention is . . .

1.1. Everyone’sEveryone’s business

2. More than securitysecurity

3. A responsibilityresponsibility at allall levels of governmentgovernment

4. Linked with solving socialsocial problems

5.5. CostCost - effective©TCLEOSE Course #2101 Crime Prevention Part I Curriculum is the intellectual property of ICJS (2009)TCLEOSE Course #2101 Crime Prevention Part I Curriculum is the intellectual property of ICJS (2009)

The Ten Action Principles The Ten Action Principles of of CCrriimme e PPrreevveennttiioonn

Crime prevention requiresCrime prevention requires. . .

6. A centralcentral position in law enforcementenforcement

7.7. CooperationCooperation among all elements of the community

8.8. EducationEducation and Training9. Tailoring to local needsneeds and

conditionsconditions10.Continual testingtesting and improvement

In EssenceIn Essence…

CCrriimme e pprreevveennttiioon improves n improves the quality of life for the quality of life for

every communityevery community


The The CCrriimme e PPrreevveennttiioonn Prevention FrameworkPrevention Framework

Crime prevention has a strategicstrategic role to play in communitycommunity preparednesspreparedness.

PractitionersPractitioners can help communities apply crime prevention skillsskills to the work of community preparedness.

A safesafe nation begins with safe, engagedengaged communitiescommunities.

Community PreparednessCommunity Preparedness

Individuals or families can prepare by…Individuals or families can prepare by…

Identifying meetingmeeting locations in case of an emergencyemergency

Developing a familyfamily emergency contactcontact list

Assembling a disasterdisaster supplies kitkit

Taking a first aid or CPRCPR course

Much like crime prevention, everyone can havea role in preparing for the unexpected emergency.

Community PreparednessCommunity Preparedness (continued)

Selecting a Meeting LocationSelecting a Meeting Location

Most familiesfamilies are not togethertogether 24 hours a day; thus, planningplanning ahead is important.

LocationLocation points should be commonly frequentedfrequented or accessibleaccessible locations.

SchoolsSchools, publicpublic spaces, or neighbors’neighbors’ homes may be ideal locations to meet. Source:Source: www.fema.govwww.fema.gov

Community PreparednessCommunity Preparedness A A

family disaster plan should include family disaster plan should include (continued)

An emergency contact list should includeAn emergency contact list should include

Out-of-town familyfamily contacts

WorkWork phone numbers

Neighbors’Neighbors’ phone numbers

SchoolSchool phone numbers

CountyCounty and citycity emergency management phone numbers


Community PreparednessCommunity Preparedness A A

family disaster plan should include family disaster plan should include (continued)

A family disaster plan should includeA family disaster plan should include

Two or more ways to stay in contact (e.g. email, phone, etc.)

Escape routes from work or home and selected meeting location

Name and number of an out-of-state friend as a family contact


A description of medical or health needs that will need attention (e.g., diabetes, asthma, etc.)

A stock of nonperishable emergency supplies and a first aid kit

A plan for what to do with pets

Training in first aid, CPR, and disaster preparedness

Community PreparednessCommunity Preparedness A family disaster plan should include A family disaster plan should include (continued)


WaterWater (1 gallon per day per person for 3 to 7 days)

FoodFood (for 3 to 7 days)

BlanketsBlankets/pillows

ClothingClothing

First aid kitFirst aid kit

MedicineMedicine

ToiletriesToiletriesToolsTools, fuelfuel, duct tape, etc.Flashlight/batteriesBattery operated radioradioCashCash and identification

Disaster Supply KitDisaster Supply Kit

People do not plan to fail;People do not plan to fail;they simply fail to plan.they simply fail to plan.

PandemicsPandemics

A Pandemic is an epidemic (an outbreak of an

infectious disease) that spreads worldwide, or at

least across a large region.

What is a Pandemic?What is a Pandemic?



According to the World Health According to the World Health OrganizationOrganization

A pandemic can start when three conditions have been met:

the emergenceemergence of a diseasedisease new to the population

the agent infects humanshumans, causing seriousserious illness

the agent spreadsspreads easilyeasily and sustainably among humanshumans


According to the World Health According to the World Health Organization Organization

A diseasedisease or conditioncondition is not a pandemic merely because it is widespread or kills a large number of people; it mustmust also be infectiousinfectious.

Typhoid FeverTyphoid Fever

Bubonic PlagueBubonic PlagueCholeraCholeraSmall Pox Small Pox

InfluenzaInfluenzaEbola VirusEbola VirusSARS & HIVSARS & HIV

TyphusTyphus

Pandemic PreparednessPandemic Preparedness

Staying informed is the best preparationStaying informed is the best preparation

Identify Identify sourcessources you can you can relyrely on for on for accurate accurate informationinformation

Look for Look for informationinformation on your on your locallocal and and statestate websites websites

Talk to your local Talk to your local healthcarehealthcare providers and public providers and public healthhealth officials officials


Pandemic PreparednessPandemic Preparedness (cont.)

Services on all levels may be disrupted

Consider that hospitalshospitals, banksbanks, government offices, etc. may not be available

PlanPlan for possible publicpublic transportation cancellations and/or fuel shortages

Consider how to carecare for those with specialspecial needsneeds if services are unavailable Remember Hurricane Rita &Remember Hurricane Rita &

the elderly & handicapped the elderly & handicapped

In townIn town



Employment – Income: Being able towork may be difficult or impossible

Ask your employer about plansplans to operateoperate in the event of a pandemic

Plan for incomeincome lossloss if you are unable to work or your company closes

Check with your employer or union about leave policiespolicies for yourself and family



Schools and/or child care may be closedfor an extended period

Talk with teachersteachers - administratorsadministrators about their plansplans to operateoperate during a pandemic - consider childchild carecare arrangements

Plan homehome learninglearning and exerciseexercise activities for children who may stay home



Staying Healthy- Medical facilities may be overwhelmed during a pandemic

Take steps to limit the spreadspread of germsgerms;; wash your hands, cover your mouth, etc.

Stay at home if you are sicksick and avoidavoid close contactcontact with those who are sicksick

Don’t forget healthy habitshabits: eat well, exerciseexercise regularly, and get plenty of restrest

If you are on medicationsmedications or are receiving ongoing treatmenttreatment, talk with your healthcare provider about access to medications and care during a pandemic

OOvveerrvviieeww of of

HHoommeellaanndd SSeeccuurriittyy

More than halfhalf of

American adults (55 percent)

are worriedworried about another major terroristterrorist attackattack on the

United States in the coming year.


Oklahoma City Bombing 1995Oklahoma City Bombing 1995


Only oneone in sevenseven American adults (16 percent) believes that

his or her community is extremely prepared or very prepared to respond to a

terrorist attack.


Prevent terroristterrorist attacks within the UnitedUnited StatesStates

Reduce America’s vulnerabilityvulnerability to terrorism

Minimize the damagedamage and recoverrecover from attacksattacks that do occur


Definitions of TerrorismDefinitions of TerrorismDepartment of StateDepartment of State: “Premeditated, politicallypolitically motivated violence perpetrated against noncombatant targets by subnational groups or clandestine agents, usually intended to influence an audience.”

Definitions of TerrorismDefinitions of TerrorismDepartment of Defense:Department of Defense: “The calculatedcalculated use of violenceviolence or threat of violence in order to inculcate fearfear, intended to coerce or intimidate governments or societies in the pursuit of goals that are generally political, religious, or ideological.”

Key Elements of TerrorismKey Elements of TerrorismPremeditatedPremeditated - planned - planned in advance, rather than an impulsive act of rage

Use of extreme forceforce and violenceviolence

Coercion of a governmentgovernment or population

Furtherance of a politicalpolitical , socialsocial or ideological ideological objective

Carried out by subnational groupsgroups, not by the armyarmy of a country


International TerrorismInternational Terrorism

Includes terrorist activity committed by groupsgroups or individualsindividuals that cross national boundaries. These boundaries can be both physical as well as cultural.


Domestic TerrorismTerrorism Includes terrorist acts

by groupsgroups or individualsindividuals who are U.S.U.S. citizenscitizens based entirely within the United States without foreignforeign direction and whose terrorist acts are directed at elements of the U.S. government or society.

Most well known wasMost well known wasOklahoma City Oklahoma City

BombingBombing


PPootteennttiiaall Targets Targets

Symbolic buildingsbuildings and largely populated areas or events

Examples include schoolsschools, hospitals, airports, water supplies, government buildings, or symbolssymbols of Govt., dams or rail lines.

TargetsTargets


Potential Potential TerroristTerrorist Threats ThreatsPotential Potential TerroristTerrorist Threats Threats

BiologicalBiological: The deliberate release of germsgerms or other substancessubstances that may be inhaled, enter through a cut in the skin, or be digested to make one sick.

Chemical: The deliberate release of a toxictoxic gasgas, liquidliquid, or solidsolid designed to poison people and the environment.


Potential Terrorist ThreatsPotential Terrorist Threats (continued)

Nuclear: An explosionexplosion with intense lightlight and heatheat, damaging pressure wavewave, and widespread radioactiveradioactive materials that can contaminate air, water, and ground surfaces for miles around.

Radiation: Sometimes known as a “dirtydirty bombbomb,” this weapon weapon uses common explosivesexplosives to spread radioactiveradioactive materials over a targeted area.


HHoommeellaanndd Security Security Advisory SystemAdvisory System

This systemsystem was designed to provide comprehensive informationinformation on the risk of terroristterrorist actsacts to federal, state, and local authorities.

The system warnswarns of increasedincreased threatthreat conditions that increase as the risk of threat increases.


HHoommeellaanndd Security Advisory Security Advisory

SystemSystemFederal departmentsFederal departments and agencies would implement a corresponding set of protectiveprotective measuresmeasures to reduce vulnerabilityvulnerability or increase responseresponse capability during a heightened alert.

Homeland Security Advisory System – Local Response

LOCAL RESPONSELOCAL RESPONSEAs alert status INCREASESINCREASES there is a greater need for specific public education about threats and safety measures.

As alert status DECREASESDECREASES, there is a greater need for public dialogue, coalition development, community scanning, and dialogue.

Copyright 2002 David Carter

Homeland Security Advisory System – Federal Response

What do What do the the

colors colors mean to mean to

you?you?©TCLEOSE Course #2101 Crime Prevention Part I Curriculum is the intellectual property of ICJS (2009)TCLEOSE Course #2101 Crime Prevention Part I Curriculum is the intellectual property of ICJS (2009)

Threat Conditions and Protective Threat Conditions and Protective MeasuresMeasures

Low Condition (Green)Low Condition (Green)Department and Agencies

Refine and exercise prearranged protective measures.Ensure personnel receive proper training on the HSAS and prearranged department/agency protective measures. Create a process to assess all facilities and regulated sectors for vulnerability to attack and institute measures to reduce vulnerability.

Community Members

Develop a household disaster plan.

Assemble a disaster supply kit.



Guarded ConditionGuarded Condition (Blue(Blue ))Department and Agencies

Check communications with designated emergency response or command locations.Review and update emergency response procedures.Provide public with appropriate information to strengthen protective measures.

Community MembersHold household meeting to review disaster plan. Update disaster supply kit.Develop a communications plan. Apartment residents should discuss emergency steps with building managers.People with special needs should discuss plans with friends and family.



Elevated ConditionElevated Condition (Yellow)(Yellow)Department and Agencies

Increase surveillance of strategic/critical locations.Coordinate emergency plans with appropriate jurisdictions.Assess whether threat requires refinement of prearranged protective measures.Implement appropriate contingency plans.

Community MembersBe observant; report any suspicious activity to authorities.Contact neighbors to discuss their plans or needs.Check with school officials to assess their emergency planning and procedures to reunite children with parents/caregivers.Update household communication plan.


Department and AgenciesCoordinate security efforts with federal, state, and local law enforcement, National Guard, or other security and armed forces.Take additional precautions at public events, from moving to an alternative site to cancellation.Prepare to implement contingency procedures including moving to an alternative site and dispersing workforce. Restrict access to threatened facility to essential personnel.

Community Members

Review preparedness measures for response to terrorist actions including chemical, biological, and radiological attacks.

Avoid potential high-risk areas.

Exercise caution when traveling.


High Condition (Orange)High Condition (Orange)


Severe Condition (Red)Severe Condition (Red)Department and Agencies

Direct personnel to address critical emergency needs.

Assign emergency response personnel; mobilize specially trained teams and resources.

Monitor, redirect, or close transportation systems.

Close nonessential public and government facilities.

Community MembersAvoid public gathering places, public gatherings, and other high-risk locations.Listen for and follow radio and TV advisories restricting activities. Contact employer regarding status of work. Prepare to take protective actions such as sheltering-in-place or evacuation.


Desired Outcomes of

TerroristTerrorist Activity

Desired Outcomes of

TerroristTerrorist ActivityCause an overreactionoverreaction by the government

RecognitionRecognition or publicitypublicity for the group

HarassHarass or embarrassembarrass the government

Steal moneymoney or equipmentequipment

Destroy facilitiesfacilities or equipmentequipment

Free prisonersprisoners


Pre-incident Indicators andPre-incident Indicators and WarningWarning SignsSigns

History has shown that terroristterrorist attacks do not occuroccur in a vacuumvacuum.

AttacksAttacks are organizedorganized and plannedplanned weeks, months, and sometimes years in advance.

The planningplanning stage is law enforcement’s best opportunityopportunity to preventprevent attacks.


Other Pre-incident IndicatorsOther Pre-incident Indicators

Persons observed near identified potential targets carrying video camerascameras or observationobservation equipment with high-magnification lenses.

Individuals observedobserved parking, standing, or loitering in the same area for multiplemultiple days.

Persons observed with mapsmaps, photos, diagramsdiagrams, or sketchessketches of facilities.


A patternpattern or a series of falsefalse alarms requiring law enforcement and/or emergency response

Reported thefts of militarymilitary, lawlaw enforcementenforcement, or fire IDID cards, license plates, uniformsuniforms, etc.

Nonmilitary persons stopped with military - style weaponsweapons, clothingclothing, and equipmentequipment

Other Pre-incident IndicatorsOther Pre-incident Indicators


CCrriimme e PPrreevveennttiioonn and

Community PreparednessCommunity PreparednessPrograms Work !


What Community Residents What Community Residents Can DoCan Do

Join or organize a local Block Watch or NeighborhoodNeighborhood WatchWatch with local authorities.

Obtain informationinformation from www.usaonwatch.com.

Get friendsfriends, familyfamily, and neighborsneighbors involved.


What Community What Community ResidentsResidents Can DoCan Do (continued)

Stay informedinformed and updatedupdated on the news.

Stay alertalert; be aware of your surroundings.

Practice observationobservation techniques.


Programs and ResourcesPrograms and ResourcesCitizen Corps Citizen Corps CouncilsCouncilsProvide a mechanism for local citizen participation by coordinating Citizen Corps programs, developing community action plans, assessing possible threats, and identifying local resources.

Websitewww.citizencorps.gov/programs/

Programs and ResourcesPrograms and Resources

Volunteers in Police Service (VIPS) Provides support for resource-constrained police departments by incorporating civilian volunteers so that law enforcement professionals have more time for frontline duty.

WebsiteWebsite

www.policevolunteers.org


Programs and ResourcesPrograms and Resources Community Emergency

Response Team (CERT)

Trains people in neighborhoods, the workplace, and schools in basic disaster response skills, such as fire suppression, urban search and rescue, and medical operations, and helps them take a more active role in emergency preparedness.

WebsiteWebsitehttp://training.fema.gov

Programs and ResourcesPrograms and Resources

Medical Reserve Corps (MRC)

Coordinates volunteer health professionals, as well as other citizens with an interest in health issues, to provide ongoing support for community public health needs and resources during large-scale emergencies.

WebsiteWebsite

www.medicalreserve

corps.gov


Neighborhood WatchNeighborhood Watch

Crime preventionprevention group organizedorganized around a blockblock, defined neighborhood or business district

Serves as eyeseyes and earsears of law enforcement

Helps establishestablish - reclaimreclaim informal controlcontrol of an area by observation, visibility, increased social interaction


Neighborhood WatchNeighborhood Watch (cont.)

TimeTime and resourcesresources donated

Usually no formal budgetbudget or fundingfunding source

Success results in reductionreduction in crimecrime, improved qualityquality of life

The Benefits of The Benefits of Neighborhood WatchNeighborhood Watch

Studies show it is effective becauseStudies show it is effective becauseIt brings neighbors together around a common cause – safety and security. It provides basic skills to all members on preventing crime and reporting suspicious behavior or actual crimes.It builds a base for correcting neighborhood problems.It works well with other civic associations.


DEFINE & PROCESSDEFINE & PROCESS1. Name five of the ten crime prevention action principals.2. Explain the Crime Prevention Framework. 3. What is community preparedness?4. What does planning for community preparedness

entail?5. What are the difference security levels of Homeland

defense?6. What is a Pandemic?7. What can residents do for community preparedness?8. What function does CERT have?9. What is the role of Citizen Corps programs and

resources? 10. How can a community-based Neighborhood Watch

can contribute to community preparedness ©TCLEOSE Course #2101 Crime Prevention Part I Curriculum is the intellectual property of ICJS (2009)TCLEOSE Course #2101 Crime Prevention Part I Curriculum is the intellectual property of ICJS (2009)

RESOURCESRESOURCES

• Federal Emergency Management Agency www.fema.gov

• Environmental Protection Agency www.epa.gov• National Crime Prevention Council www.ncpc.org

U.S. Department of Homeland Security www.dhs.gov/dhspublic

• Neighborhood Watch www.usaonwatch.org• American Red Cross www.redcross.orgwww.redcross.org• Business Health Services www.bhsonline.com

World Health Organization www.who.int/en/


SourcesSources• Citizens’ Preparedness Guide,

National Crime Prevention Council, 2002

• Crime Prevention Can Spur and Support Homeland Security in Neighborhoods and Communities, National Crime Prevention Council, 2003 www.ncpc.org

• National Criminal Justice Reference Service – www.ncjrs.gov


National Crime Prevention Council

1000 Connecticut Avenue, NW1000 Connecticut Avenue, NW

Thirteenth FloorThirteenth Floor

Washington, DC 20036-5325Washington, DC 20036-5325

202-466-6272202-466-6272

www.ncpc.orgwww.ncpc.org

Contact InformationContact Information

INSTITUTE for CRIMINAL JUSTICE STUDIES350 N. Guadalupe, Suite 140, PMB 164

San Marcos, Texas 78666.

512-245-6232 www.criminaljusticestudies.com


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Crime Prevention Part I Community Preparedness ©TCLEOSE Course #2101 Crime Prevention Part I Curriculum is the intellectual property of ICJS (2010)