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Creative Commons – some rights reserved Essentials of Accessibility
Integrate Accessibility Management
"The power of the Web is in its universality. Access by everyone regardless of disability is an essential
aspect." -- Tim Berners-Lee, World Wide Web Consortium (W3C) Director and inventor of the World
Wide Web
Creative Commons – some rights reserved Essentials of Accessibility
Welcome!Where to begin with institutional accessibility
Identify stakeholdersMotivate
Build capacity Test
Integrate
Sharron Rush [email protected]
Creative Commons – some rights reserved Essentials of Accessibility
AccessiblePeople with disabilities
…can acquire the same information…participate in the same activities
…be active producers as well as consumers
Creative Commons – some rights reserved Essentials of Accessibility
Universal Design…
• supports all people• supports all technology• improves experience for all• strong relationship to usability• “Good design IS accessible
design” ~ Dr. John Slatin
Creative Commons – some rights reserved Essentials of Accessibility
You’re the accidental expert
…now what?
Creative Commons – some rights reserved Essentials of Accessibility
Steps to IT accessibility• Listen to your stakeholders
• Enlist executive sponsor• Where are we going?
– Choose/define standard– Policy
• Where are we now?• Build and integrate teams• Train to win• Integrate support structures• Test, measure, report• Inclusive practice becomes
integral
6
Creative Commons – some rights reserved Essentials of Accessibility
…yes all of them
• Survey customers, clients, students, citizens depending on your type of org
• Collect data from staff, all departments
• What are they afraid of?• What myths are they holding on
to?• Listening can be magical
Creative Commons – some rights reserved Essentials of Accessibility
Steps to IT accessibility• Listen to your stakeholders
• Enlist executive sponsor• Where are we going?
– Choose/define standard– Policy
• Where are we now?• Build and integrate teams• Train to win• Integrate support structures• Tesst, measure, report• Inclusive practice becomes
integral
8
Creative Commons – some rights reserved Essentials of Accessibility
Executive Leadership is
critical
Creative Commons – some rights reserved Essentials of Accessibility
With the proper leadership, your journey will be easier
Creative Commons – some rights reserved Essentials of Accessibility
Steps to IT accessibility• Listen to your stakeholders
• Recruit executive sponsor• Where are we going?
– Choose/define standard– Adopt explicit policy
• Where are we now?• Build and integrate teams• Train to win• Integrate support structures• Test, measure, report• Inclusive practice becomes
integral11
Creative Commons – some rights reserved Essentials of Accessibility
Role of Standards
• Shared understanding of requirements among:
o Consumerso Authoring Toolmakerso Developerso Makers of browsers and AT devices
• “How to” Techniques and testing criteria for content creators
Creative Commons – some rights reserved Essentials of Accessibility
Components of Web Accessibility
Diagram of the relationship between authoring and evaluation tools, Web content, and user agent tools such as browsers and assistive technologies. As each component adheres to common standards, accessibility and interoperability are improved. At the W3c, groups of experts work in collaboration on the
ATAG – authoring tools accessibility group;
WCAG – web content accessibility group; and UAAG – user agent accessibility group, and others.
WCAG(web
content)
ATAG(authoring
tools)
UAAG(user agent)
Creative Commons – some rights reserved Essentials of Accessibility
Global Standards
• WCAG - Web Content Accessibility Guidelines. International standards for the web
• ATAG - Authoring Tool Accessibility Guidelines. Vendor standards for interoperability
• UAAG - User Accessibility Guidelines for browsers and assistive technologies
• ARIA - Accessible Rich Internet Application research for emerging technologies
www.w3.org/WAI
Creative Commons – some rights reserved Essentials of Accessibility
Section 508 Guidelines• Only used in US • Subpart B - technical standards
o 16 rules of web-based intranet and internet accessibility standards
o In process of “Refresh”
www.section508.gov
Creative Commons – some rights reserved Essentials of Accessibility
Standards are being revised
• Section 508 in “refresh” (expect to harmonize with WCAG 2.0)
• WCAG 2.0 released in December 2008 – accessibility defined within 4 basic principles.
508 WCAG
Creative Commons – some rights reserved Essentials of Accessibility
Section 508 to WCAG2 Map
• Created by Tom Jewett and Wayne Dick for CSUN 2009 http://www.tomjewett.com/accessibility/508-WCAG2.html
Creative Commons – some rights reserved Essentials of Accessibility
Four principles of accessibility POUR
1. Content is Perceivable2. …is Operable3. …is Understandable4. …is Robust
Creative Commons – some rights reserved Essentials of Accessibility
POUR Principles are widely
applicable
• Documents• Web pages
• Web applications• Content
management
Creative Commons – some rights reserved Essentials of Accessibility
Policy Development• Who is policy being developed for and why.• Identify stakeholders and their various needs,
requirements, possible barriers to adoption• Define scope – will policy apply to web sites?
purchases? other software? hardware? • Choose an existing guideline or standard• Make the conformance level explicit • Involve stakeholders to every extent possible
Creative Commons – some rights reserved Essentials of Accessibility
Policy ImplementationCreate an accessibility work plan• Set milestones• Provide training• Create enforcement mechanisms• Include in specifications, requirements • Define monitoring, conformance claims, and
follow-up process• Provide for integration
(for example within purchasing process) • Create review dates and procedure for policy
revision
Creative Commons – some rights reserved Essentials of Accessibility
Developing and implementing policy
http://www.un.org/disabilities/default.asp?id=1516
GENERAL Guidelines from the United Nations Enable Summit
http://architecture.hhsc.state.tx.us/myweb/Accessibility/policy_htm/default.htm
Fully developed, applied policy at Texas HHSC
Creative Commons – some rights reserved Essentials of Accessibility
Steps to IT accessibility• Listen to your stakeholders
• Recruit executive sponsor• Where are we going?
– Choose/define standard– Policy
• Where are we now?• Build and integrate teams• Train to win• Integrate support structures• Test, measure, report• Inclusive practice becomes
integral23
Creative Commons – some rights reserved Essentials of Accessibility
Initial Assessment• What kind of entity?• Policy alignment• Set base line
Creative Commons – some rights reserved Essentials of Accessibility
Manual Review• Establish typical user pathways• Test broad cross-section• Test for standards conformance• Include experience of users with
disabilities• Maintain detailed documentation
Creative Commons – some rights reserved Essentials of Accessibility
We test so we don’t do this to our users
• Cartoon of woman at computer with finger on mouse clicker. The screen says Repetitive Stress Injury – click here 100 times to enter
Creative Commons – some rights reserved Essentials of Accessibility
Enterprise testing tools• Automated, large scale testing and
reporting• Manage progress across enterprise• Multiple report formats, trend
analysis• Remediation prioritization• Track multiple divisions,
departments• Monitor over time
Creative Commons – some rights reserved Essentials of Accessibility
Steps to IT accessibility• Listen to your stakeholders
• Recruit executive sponsor• Where are we going?
– Choose/define standard– Adopt explicit policy
• Where are we now?• Build and integrate teams• Train to win• Integrate support structures• Test, measure, report• Inclusive practice becomes
integral28
Creative Commons – some rights reserved Essentials of Accessibility
Why advocate for inclusive design?
Legal Technical
Market
Humanitarian Visionary
Creative Commons – some rights reserved Essentials of Accessibility
Image of 9-year old girl in home-made super girl costume, arms crossed, goggles on, looking determined!
Find and empower champions
Creative Commons – some rights reserved Essentials of Accessibility
Build game plan• Accessibility is not a solo act• Accessibility Responsibility Breakd
own
Creative Commons – some rights reserved Essentials of Accessibility
Steps to IT accessibility• Listen to your stakeholders
• Recruit executive sponsor• Where are we going?
– Choose/define standard– Adopt explicit policy
• Where are we now?• Build and integrate teams• Train to win• Integrate support structures• Test, measure, report• Inclusive practice becomes
integral
Creative Commons – some rights reserved Essentials of Accessibility
• Administrators• Designers• Developers• Content Providers• Procurement staff• QA team
Role specific training
Creative Commons – some rights reserved Essentials of Accessibility
Maintain training resources
• Online training• Best practice guides
• Repository of experiences, tools, templates, processes
Creative Commons – some rights reserved Essentials of Accessibility
Steps to IT accessibility• Listen to your stakeholders
• Recruit executive sponsor• Where are we going?
– Choose/define standard– Adopt explicit policy
• Where are we now?• Build and integrate teams• Train to win• Integrate support structures• Test, measure, report• Inclusive practice becomes
integral35
Creative Commons – some rights reserved Essentials of Accessibility
Establish coordination and communication plan
• Identify representatives from key departments and regions
• Designate a team member to track new developments in accessibility practice
• Map responsibilities to various roles within organization
Creative Commons – some rights reserved Essentials of Accessibility
Integrated support• Published
policy/standards/exceptions• Widget libraries w/accessibility built
in• CMS prompts for accessibility• Report templates, iterative
validation • Procurement checklists
– Sample RFP language– VPAT verification guide
• Repository of role-based resources• Departmental competitions
Creative Commons – some rights reserved Essentials of Accessibility
WCAG2 Trading Cards from Knowbility
Creative Commons – some rights reserved Essentials of Accessibility
Steps to IT accessibility• Listen to your stakeholders
• Recruit executive sponsor• Where are we going?
– Choose/define standard– Adopt explicit policy
• Where are we now?• Build and integrate teams• Train to win• Integrate support structures• Test, measure, report• Inclusive practice becomes
integral39
Creative Commons – some rights reserved Essentials of Accessibility
Create testing template
Choose a standard explicitly– Section 508– WCAG 2
• Conformance Level A• Conformance Level AA• Conformance Level AAA
– Other
…reflect in procedures and materials
Creative Commons – some rights reserved Essentials of Accessibility
Create reporting templateKnowbility standard form
Reporting template examples
and on BAD demo report
Customized by request
www.w3.org/WAI/eval/template.htmlwww.w3.org/WAI/demos/bad/before/reports/home.html
Creative Commons – some rights reserved Essentials of Accessibility 4
2
Automated one-page tests• AChecker
http://achecker.ca/checker/index.php
• The Wave http://wave.webaim.org/
Results emailed to you by
• AMP Express https://amp.ssbbartgroup.com/express
Creative Commons – some rights reserved Essentials of Accessibility
Manual reviewperformed throughout design, development,
QA
Creative Commons – some rights reserved Essentials of Accessibility
• If usability is part of your process, include users with various disabilities
• Post to user groups• User testing through AccessWorks
Remote Accessibility Testing Portal http://tinyurl.com/accessworks
User testing
Creative Commons – some rights reserved Essentials of Accessibility
Steps to IT accessibility• Listen to your stakeholders
• Recruit executive sponsor• Where are we going?
– Choose/define standard– Adopt explicit policy
• Where are we now?• Build and integrate teams• Train to win• Integrate support structures• Test, measure, report• Inclusive practice becomes integral
Creative Commons – some rights reserved Essentials of Accessibility
Accessibility is a processthat must be woven into all IT practices from inception: included in design, development, and QA through management and procurement
Creative Commons – some rights reserved Essentials of Accessibility
Thank youYou make all the difference!
[email protected] @knowbility on Twitter
www.facebook.com/knowbility