Creating Cul-de-Sacs - Digital Riverdrh2.img.digitalriver.com/DRHM/Storefront/Company/adsk/files/pdf/... · a main road section with a standard roadway width, ... enabling you to

Chapter

1

Creating Cul-de-SacsChapter 1:

This chapter focuses on designing a cul-de-sac with an eccentric bulb. The design consists of a main road section with a standard roadway width, and an eccentric bulb section that is offset from the centerline of the main road section.

First, you design the main road segment by establishing main road elevations and edge of pavement (EOP) where the main road meets the cul-de-sac. You then model and design the cul-de-sac bulb, establishing EOP slopes and the cul-de-sac low point. Next, you model the cul-de-sac surface and create an island. Finally, you revise your design, rebuild your corridor surface and model and then plot your design.

The following illustration shows the completed cul-de-sac.

Sample Chapter

Autodesk® Intellectual Property

Not Valid for Sale or R

esale

1

Objectives

After completing this chapter, you will be able to:

■ Identify the engineering tasks and list the guidelines in the process of designing cul-de-sacs. ■ Design a main road profile. ■ Design a cul-de-sac bulb. ■ Create a corridor surface and a cul-de-sac island. ■ Revise the cul-de-sac and rebuild the model. ■ Prepare to plot the cul-de-sac.

Lesson: Designing Cul-de-Sacs

Overview

This lesson focuses on designing a cul-de-sac with an eccentric bulb. The design consists of a main road section with a standard roadway width; and an eccentric bulb section that is offset from the centerline of the main road section. The techniques used to design a concentric cul-de-sac are the same as those used for an eccentric cul-de-sac. However, the eccentric case contains additional components and is therefore used in this lesson.

Objectives

After completing this lesson, you will be able to:

■ Identify the engineering tasks and steps in the process of designing cul-de-sacs. ■ List the guidelines for designing cul-de-sacs.

Cul-de-sac with eccentric bulb

Sample Chapter



esale

2 ■ Chapter 1: Creating Cul-de-Sacs

Workflow

There is a recommended engineering process that you follow to design cul-de-sacs, and there is specific functionality in the software that enables you to complete that process. This section lists one possible series of engineering tasks and software functions that you use to complete the tasks in the process.

First, you establish the profile elevations for the main roadway section and determine the elevations at the edges of pavement where the cul-de-sac bulb meets the main road section. These elevations are used to calculate the cul-de-sac edge of pavement (EOP) profiles and the low point elevations. Next, you create a surface model of the entire road and cul-de-sac. Then, you revise the cul-de-sac design by modifying the location of the low point. Finally, you prepare the drawing for plotting.

Process Outline

The following table describes the engineering tasks for the exercises in the lesson, outlines the software processes for accomplishing these tasks, and lists the software features used in the processes.

For more information on the software features, see Help.

Engineering Tasks Software Processes Software Features Used

1. Design main road. Establish proposed profile elevations for the main segment of the road. Establish proposed edge of pavements (EOP) where main road meets cul-de-sac bulb by modeling the roadway.

Establish profile elevations for main road alignment.

Model and modify main road corridor.

■ Profiles■ Alignments■ Corridors■ Transparent commands

2. Design cul-de-sac bulb. Model the cul-de-sac to establish proposed profile elevations for EOP around cul-de-sac and proposed cul-de-sac.

Create profiles to determine EOP slopes of the cul-de-sac and low point elevation.

Modify corridor by adding segments to model cul-de-sac bulb.

■ Alignments■ Profiles■ Corridors■ Corridor parameters■ Transparent commands

3. Create surface and cul-de-sac island. Create proposed top surface and grade cul-de-sac island.

Modify main road corridor surface to add boundary.

Create feature line for island.

Grade cul-de-sac island.

■ Corridor boundaries■ Feature lines■ Grading objects■ Object Viewer

4. Revise cul-de-sac based on vertical and horizontal alignment changes of main road and on movement of high point/low point location.

Revise profiles.

Update and rebuild corridor model and surface.

Update island feature line elevations.

■ Alignments■ Profiles■ Alignments■ Corridors■ Transparent commands

5. Plot and label. Create centerline alignment and spot elevation labels.

Assign plotting styles.

Add surface labels at points of interest.

■ Alignments■ Alignment label styles■ Surface labels

Sample Chapter



esale

Lesson: Designing Cul-de-Sacs ■ 3

Guidelines for Designing Cul-de-Sacs

Use these guidelines to help you design cul-de-sacs.

Guidelines

■ When modeling cul-de-sacs, you should model the main road corridor only to where the main road constant width ends and the start of the cul-de-sac bulb begins. The roadway has a standard width assembly whereas the cul-de-sac assembly has a different width.

■ Cul-de-sacs often include a drainage inlet at an elevation low point. The low point is based on the start and end pavement elevations of the cul-de-sac EOP profile and the flow lengths from the start and end. In situations where the start and end elevations are similar or equal, the flow lengths generally control the elevation. In situations where the flow lengths are similar or equal, and there is a significant difference in elevation of the start and end elevations, the lower of the two elevations controls the elevation of the low point.

■ When designing cul-de-sac islands where the center of the cul-de-sac is higher than the perimeter (as it usually is), use a reverse-slope on the gutter. This enables water to shed from the island to the outer perimeter and prevents ponding at the flowline of the island gutter.

■ Add elevation labels at key locations that will help convey the design intent to reviewers and provide the information needed to construct the cul-de-sac. It is common to label elevations at key geometric points, such as the beginning midpoint and end of curves; high and low point grade breaks; island quadrants, and island high point.

■ You can pull the starting PVI elevations for the cul-de-sac bulb EOP profiles from the surface. You can use transparent commands to extract the PVI station value from the plan view.

Example

In the following illustration, elevation labels at key locations help convey the design intent to reviewers.

Sample Chapter



esale


Lesson: Modeling the Main Road

Overview

This lesson describes how you model a main roadway section by using a layout profile and corridors. The first step in creating a cul-de-sac is designing the main roadway section.

The main road profile shows a series of PVI stations and the elevation of each station along the main road alignment. This elevation data is essential for maintaining the minimum allowable slope. The information is later used to model the main road corridor.

Objectives


■ Describe corridors and corridor properties. ■ Model the main road.

About Corridors

You use corridors to model traffic paths such as roads, highways, and railroads, or other features such as ditches, swales, or rivers. By creating a corridor, you can view and manipulate your road design as a dynamic engineering model, enabling you to see the effect editing one element of the design has on any attached or related element.

Definition of Corridors

A corridor is a design object used to model various real-world entities such as roads, cul-de-sacs, ditches, berms, or parking lots. A corridor consists of three main elements:

■ An alignment■ A profile■ An assembly

You can increase the functionality and complexity of corridors by adding multiple baselines, assigning targets for assemblies, or creating multiple regions.

Sample Chapter



esale

Lesson: Modeling the Main Road ■ 5

Examples of Corridors

Corridors are extremely versatile and are used in many engineering tasks. These engineering tasks include designing:

■ Local roads and cul-de-sacs■ Highways and feeder ramps■ Ditches, swales, and rivers■ Parking lots

The corridor in this lesson is a model based on edge of pavement profiles, and is modified by adding baseline regions and targets for the cul-de-sac alignments and profiles. The following illustration shows part of the Cul-de-Sac-South assembly of the Main Road corridor.

Sample Chapter



esale


Modeling the Main Road

This section lists the steps and guidelines you can follow to model a main road.

Corridors enable you to create highly detailed surface models of a proposed or existing surface. Using the various surface creation options available, you can create digital terrain surface models of your proposed road and cul-de-sac. To model a main road you establish profile elevations, model the main road corridor, and revise the corridor.

Process: Modeling a Main Road

The following steps outline the process for modeling a main road.

Guidelines for Designing a Main Road Section

Keep the following guidelines in mind when designing a main road section.

■ Use a standard width assembly to model the main road corridor to the point where the road transitions into the cul-de-sac. Use a different assembly to model the cul-de-sac.

■ Establish vertical elevations at the locations where the main roadway segment joins the cul-de-sac bulb by using the corridor surface created from the profiles.

1. Establish profile elevations for main road alignment.

■ Create proposed profile for main road alignment.

■ Set profile properties.■ Match proposed profile to existing profile.■ Set PVI locations.

2. Model main road corridor.

■ Select main road alignment.■ Select a proposed profile.■ Select assembly.■ Model corridor.■ Revise corridor.

Sample Chapter



esale


Exercise: Design a Main Road Section

In this exercise, you design a main road profile and model the main roadway section.

Givens and Engineering Parameters

The following components have been created in the drawing for you.

■ Centerline ‘design’ alignment for the main road starting at the west at station 0+00 and ending at the center of the cul-de-sac. It contains an additional PVI at the point where the centerline alignment intersects the projected circumferential edge of the cul-de-sac bulb.

NOTE: This alignment is used for design purposes only, as typical centerline alignments for cul-de-sacs are not shown this way, but rather with a right-angle in the alignment as the centerline enters the bulb. A separate alignment will be used for plotting in later exercises.

■ Alignments for the north and south edges of pavement (EOP), starting at a common station along the main road and terminating at the low point on the cul-de-sac bulb.

The completed exercise: Main Profile view

The completed exercise: design alignment

Sample Chapter



esale


■ Station labels for each alignment at regular intervals and at locations of interest.

■ An existing ground (EG) surface model.■ Profiles of the EG along each alignment and

profile views of these profiles.■ Minimum road slope (parallel to flow line)

is 0.6%.■ Minimum cross-pavement cross-slope is 2.0%.

Establish Profile Elevations for the Main Road Alignment

1. Open Main Road.dwg. The plan view of the cul-de-sac, with alignments and station labels, is shown.

You create the proposed profile for the main roadway section, which is defined by predetermined elevations calculated prior to the start of this exercise. To begin, restore the Main Profile view.

2. Click View menu > Viewports > Named Viewports.

3. In the Viewports dialog box, on the Named Viewports tab:

■ Select Main Profile.■ Click OK.

In the split-screen view of the project, you see the plan view on the bottom and the profile of the EG along the design centerline alignment on the top.

4. Click Profiles menu > Create Profile by Layout.

5. When prompted to Select Profile View to Create Profile, select the profile grid in the top viewport.

6. In the Create Profile - Draw New dialog box:

■ For Name, enter Main Road Segment. ■ Click OK to accept the default values for

the remaining settings.

The proposed profile starts at station 0+00 and matches the existing profile elevation. It then slopes up to a predetermined PVI location near station 0+23; slopes down to a low point where the main road joins the cul-de-sac bulb; and then slopes up again to the center of the bulb.

You start by matching the proposed profile to the existing profile. You create a slope up to the high point, a slope down to a main portion of the road until the main road meets the cul-de-sac bulb, then slope up to the center of the cul-de-sac.

Sample Chapter



esale


7. On the Profile Layout Tools toolbar, select Draw Tangents with Curves.

You are prompted to Specify Start Point.

8. Press SHIFT+right-click to activate the OSNAP menu. Select Endpoint. Snap to the endpoint of the existing profile.

9. You are prompted to Specify End Point.

This will be the first PVI location. As a given for this exercise, you know that the first PVI should be at station 0+23.41 at an elevation of 743.32. You use the transparent commands to enter this information.

10. On the Transparent Commands toolbar, click Profile Station Elevation.

11. When prompted to:

■ Select a Profile View, click the profile grid in the upper viewport.

■ Specify Station, enter 23.41. Press ENTER.■ Specify Elevation, enter 743.32. Press

ENTER.■ Press ENTER again to end the transparent

command.

The profile now shows the first PVI station.


This will be the next PVI location. You want the second PVI to slope at the minimum allowable slope from the first PVI down to the station where the main road meets the cul-de-sac bulb. This is at station 1+51.66, as labeled on the plan. Because you know the slope and the ending station, you can use transparent commands.

13. On the Transparent Commands toolbar, click Profile Grade Station.

Sample Chapter



esale


Model and Modify the Main Road Corridor

Next, you model the corridor of the main road. This is the segment of the road with a constant width. First, restore a view that shows the cul-de-sac in plan view.


■ Specify Grade, enter -0.6. Press ENTER.■ Specify station, enter 151.66. Press

ENTER.■ Press ENTER.■ Press ENTER to end the transparent

command.

Your profile now shows a second PVI location.


This will be the final PVI location, which is at the center of the cul-de-sac. At the first PVI location, you inserted a vertical curve. However, you do not want a vertical curve for this PVI. The desired pavement cross-slope is 2% (listed as a Given at the start of this lesson). Even though this is technically the profile you are defining, in reality it represents the cross-slope of the paved portion of the cul-de-sac bulb. The ending station is 190.16 at the center of the cul-de-sac bulb. You continue to use transparent commands to set this final PVI station.

16. On the Profile Layout Tools toolbar, select Draw Tangents. Click the end of the profile to select the new start point.

17. On the Transparent Commands toolbar, click Profile Grade Station.


■ Specify Grade, enter 2.0. Press ENTER.■ Specify Station, enter 190.16. Press

ENTER.■ Press ESC twice to end the command.■ Close the Profile Layout Tools toolbar.

The final PVI is added to the profile. You now have a proposed profile along the desired alignment.


Sample Chapter



esale


2. In the Viewports dialog box, Named Viewports tab:

■ Select plan view.■ Click OK.

Using a standard width assembly, you model the roadway from the start station (0+00) along the road, where the width is constant, to the point where the road starts to transition into the cul-de-sac (1+24.87).

NOTE: Technically, the constant-width section would not start at station 0+00; the curb returns would need to be modeled appropriately.

3. Zoom out until you see the plan view, the profile, and the three assemblies.

First, you model the main section of the road. In this drawing, you have an assembly defined for the main section of the road. To model the corridor, use the Corridor menu.

4. Click Corridors menu > Create Corridor.


■ Select a Baseline Alignment, select the design alignment.

■ Select a Profile, select the proposed profile that you just created.

■ Select an Assembly, select the Main Road Section assembly.

Sample Chapter



esale


6. In the Create Corridor dialog box, click OK. You do not need to modify any of the settings in this dialog box. The corridor is modeled. If you receive a warning, you can ignore it.

As you can see, a mistake was made; the corridor was modeled to the end of the alignment in the cul-de-sac bulb. It should extend only to the start of the cul-de-sac bulb at station 1+24.87. This is the station where the south curb line radius begins.

Next, you revise the corridor.

7. Select the corridor. Right-click, select Corridor Properties.

8. In the Corridor Properties - Corridor - (2) dialog box, Parameters tab:

■ Notice that the End Station value is 1+90.16. This value should be 1+24.87.

■ For the Main Road Section Assembly, for End Station, enter 124.87.

■ Click OK.

The corridor is remodeled, now stopping at station 1+24.87.

The beginning of the corridor, where it meets the existing road, needs to be modified as well.

Sample Chapter



esale


Lesson: Designing a Cul-de-Sac Bulb

Overview

This lesson describes how to design a cul-de-sac bulb. Using main road elevations and minimum allowable slopes, you can create profiles which help you determine the EOP slopes of the cul-de-sac. You can modify the corridor by adding baselines and assigning region targets.

The following illustration shows the cul-de-sac bulb portion of the corridor model.

Objectives


■ Describe layout profiles. ■ Design a cul-de-sac bulb.

Sample Chapter



esale


About Layout Profiles

A layout profile is used as the basis for creating the roadway corridor and surface model. You can create, evaluate, and adjust the elevation data of your surface by referencing the geometry of an existing surface profile and the profile view grid. You can use the profile layout tools to directly enter the values required to make your road design conform to industry standards, such as the slope and curve values that are appropriate for the speed limit.

Definition of Profiles

A profile is a design object used to define the vertical elevations of an alignment object. Profiles typically represent either an existing surface, such as an existing ground, or a proposed improvement, such as a new road. Profiles are created by either sampling elevations of an existing surface along an alignment, or by explicitly establishing proposed PVI stations and elevations.

When you create a profile, you specify whether it is dynamic or static. With a dynamic profile, changes made to the surface elevation or the alignment are automatically reflected in the associated profile. A static profile represents the terrain at the time it is created, and does not respond to changes in the surface.

Examples of Profiles

Profiles are used to represent a variety of vertical alignments, including:

■ Existing and proposed roadway centerlines.■ Proposed edge of pavement around cul-de-sacs.■ Top of curbs on curb returns at an intersection.■ Drainage swale centerlines.

The following illustration shows a profile of the main road alignment.

Sample Chapter



esale

Lesson: Designing a Cul-de-Sac Bulb ■ 15

Designing a Cul-de-Sac Bulb

This section describes the steps for designing a cul-de-sac bulb.

You use a layout profile to design the main road profile. The main road profile shows a series of PVI stations and the elevation of each station along the main road alignment. This elevation data is essential to maintain the minimum allowable slope. The information is later used to model the main road corridor.

To design a cul-de-sac bulb, you create profiles to determine the EOP slopes of the cul-de-sac and low point elevation. Then, you add baselines and assign region targets to the corridor to model the cul-de-sac bulb. The targets enable you to easily make modifications to the corridor model as needed to meet design parameters.

The following illustration shows an example of target mapping.

Process: Designing a Cul-de-Sac Bulb

The following steps outline the process for designing a cul-de-sac bulb.

1. Create profiles to determine EOP slopes of thecul-de-sac and low point elevation.

■ Create profile by layout.■ Set profile properties.■ Set start and end stations.

Sample Chapter



esale


Guidelines for Designing a Cul-de-Sac Bulb

Keep the following guidelines in mind when designing a cul-de-sac bulb.

■ To determine the low point elevation and to establish targets for the cul-de-sac corridor model, you first define a profile for the EOP that starts at the elevation of the edge of pavement on the main road section at station (e.g. 1+24.87), and slopes down (e.g. -0.6%) to the proposed low point.

■ For the cul-de-sac alignment, the location of the first PVI is at the starting station of the cul-de-sac alignment (for example, North Alignment), and the elevation is determined by the elevation of EOP for the main road section at this starting station.

The following illustration shows some key elements for designing cul-de-sac alignments.

2. Modify the corridor by adding components to model the cul-de-sac bulb.

■ Set corridor properties.■ Add baseline regions.■ Set target mapping.■ Remodel corridor.

Sample Chapter



esale


Exercise: Design a Cul-de-Sac Bulb

In this exercise, you determine the EOP slopes for the north and south sides of the cul-de-sac bulb and the inlet elevation at the head of the cul-de-sac low point. To do this, you:

■ Create profiles along the edges of pavement, using the main road pavement elevations established in the previous exercise and using the minimum allowable slopes.

■ Modify the corridor parameters by adding baselines and targets for the cul-de-sac EOP alignments and profiles. You rebuild the corridor model and create a surface of the entire road.


This drawing continues from the end of the previous exercises and contains the same elements as the previous drawing, including:

■ Alignment named Cul-de-Sac North: From where the north side of the main road EOP ends (BP: 1+24.87) to the proposed low point location (EP: 2+68.25).

■ Alignment named Cul-de-Sac South: From where the south side of the main road EOP ends (BP: 1+24.87) to the proposed low point location (EP: 2+68.25).

■ The design calls for a low point inlet (EP: 2+68.25) that will connect to a sewer that runs out through a utility drainage easement. The EOPs around the cul-de-sac bulb must slope to this inlet at a minimum of 0.6%.

■ A corridor model of the main section of the road, up to where it meets the cul-de-sac bulb.

■ An EG surface model.■ Profiles of the EG along each alignment and

profile views of these profiles.■ Minimum road slope (parallel to flow line)

is 0.6%.■ Minimum cross-pavement cross-slope is 2.0%.

Create Profiles

The completed exercise

1. Open Cul de Sac - Profiles.dwg.

Note that the critical points of alignments are labeled in plan view on the cul-de-sac. The alignments defined along the EOP for the north and south sides of the cul-de-sac both start at same station on the main road. The starting point is determined by the point on either side of the road where the section begins to deviate from its standard width and geometry, which is at station 1+24.87.

Sample Chapter



esale


As you can see from the station labeling, the north edge of the pavement is the longer alignment. Both alignments start at station 1+24.87. However, the north alignment ends at 2+68.30 compared to the south alignment, which ends at 2+45.54.

The elevation of the low point inlet is directly related to flow length along the EOP. To ensure that the minimum flow line slope of 0.6% is maintained on both the north and south EOP, the inlet must be set at an elevation determined by the longer of the two, which is the north EOP.

To determine the low point elevation and to establish targets for the corridor model, you first define a profile for the north EOP that starts at the elevation of the edge of pavement on the main road section at station 1+24.87, slopes down at -0.6% and ends at the proposed low point. First, restore a saved view to make it easier to work on the proposed EOP profile.



■ Select North EOP view.■ Click OK.

The drawing shows a plan view in the bottom window and the existing ground profile along the north EOP alignment in the top window.

Next, you create a profile for the proposed edge of pavement for the north alignment.


5. When prompted to Select Profile View to Create Profile, select the profile grid.


■ For Name, enter North EOP.■ Click OK.

7. On the Profile Layout Tools toolbar, select Draw Tangents.

The location of the first PVI is at the starting station of the EOP North alignment and the elevation is determined by the elevation of EOP for the main road section at this starting station. The PVI elevation can be pulled directly from the corridor surface and the station value can be taken from the plan view using transparent commands.


■ Specify Start Point, on the Transparent Commands toolbar, click Profile Station and Elevation from Plan.

■ Select a Profile View, click the profile grid.■ Select a Surface, click in the lower

window and then select one of the TIN lines for the main corridor surface.

Sample Chapter



esale


■ Select a Point, zoom in on the alignment. Press SHIFT+right-click, select Endpoint. Snap to the endpoint at the start of the EOP - North alignment. Press ENTER to resume the profile creation command.

■ Specify End Point, click the upper

window of the view.

To establish the next point, recall the engineering parameters outlined at the start of the exercise: The EOP is to slope down at the allowable minimum of 0.6% to the low point. For the north EOP, the low point is at station 2+68.30. However, due to the precision built into Civil 3D®, you need to enter the exact ending station, which is 2+68.30445734. (This can be determined by examining the alignment’s properties.)

9. On the Transparent Commands toolbar, click Profile Grade Station to enter the slope of the curb and the ending station.


■ Specify Grade, enter -0.6. Press ENTER.■ Specify Station, enter 268.30445734.

Press ENTER.

The command automatically calculates the elevation. This creates a profile with a -0.6% slope from beginning to end of the North alignment.

■ Press ESC to end the command.■ Press ENTER to complete the profile.■ Close the Profile Layout Tools toolbar.

11. Zoom in on the profile and confirm the start and end stations. Note that the elevation for the end station is 741.611.

Next, you create a profile for the proposed EOP for the South alignment. First restore a view that shows the profile for the south EOP.



■ Select the South EOP view.■ Click OK.

In the drawing, you can now see the alignment and plan view and the south EOP profile.

Next, you establish the EOP slope for the south side of the cul-de-sac. This process is similar to that used for the north side. However, the unknown variable for the south EOP is not the endpoint PVI elevation, because this is simply the inlet elevation established when you defined the north EOP. The slope of the south EOP is unknown, but easily determined using the information available, namely the starting PVI elevation, the ending PVI elevation, and the length of the south EOP alignment.


15. When prompted to Select Profile View to Create Profile, select the profile grid.

Sample Chapter



esale


Modify Corridor


■ For Name, enter South EOP.■ Click OK.

Use the same procedure from steps 7 and 8 to establish the first PVI station and elevation for the south EOP.

17. On the Profile Layout Tools toolbar, select Draw Tangents.


■ Specify Start Point, on the Transparent Commands toolbar, click Profile Station and Elevation from Plan.

■ Select a Profile View, click the profile grid.■ Select a Surface, click in the lower

window and then select one of the TIN lines for the main corridor surface.

■ Select a Point, zoom in on the alignment. Press SHIFT+right-click, select Endpoint. Snap to the endpoint at the start of the EOP - South alignment. Press ENTER to resume the command.

Next, you establish the ending PVI station and elevation. These are both known and therefore can simply be entered using transparent commands.

19. When prompted to Specify End Point, click the upper window of the view. This time, you go to a known station and a known elevation as determined in the previous steps.

20. On the Transparent Commands toolbar, click Profile Station Elevation.


■ Specify Station, enter 245.53844922. Press ENTER. Here again you are being exact to accommodate the precision required by the software.

■ Specify Elevation, enter 741.611.■ Press ENTER twice to end the command.■ Close the Profile Layout Tools toolbar.

You now have a south profile with a starting station of 1+24.87 with an elevation of 742.471, an end station of 2+45.53 with an elevation of 741.611. The slope was calculated at -0.71%. You do not need to be concerned with the exact slope of this EOP, as long as it falls within the allowable minimum and maximum slopes and does not result in too large of a grade break at the inlet, which it does not.

1. Open Cul de Sac - Corridor.dwg.

Sample Chapter



esale


This drawing contains all the information that would be in the drawing if you successfully completed the previous steps. There are two additional assemblies, Cul de Sac - North and Cul de Sac - South, that will be used to model the north and south sides of the cul-de-sac, respectively. The assemblies will be attached to the new corridor at baselines defined at the north and south EOP alignments.

First, you add baselines to the corridor. These are used to model the north and south sides of the cul-de-sac.


3. In the Corridor Properties - Corridor - Main dialog box, Parameters tab, click Add Baseline.

4. In the Pick Horizontal Alignment dialog box:

■ Select EOP-SOUTH.■ Click OK.

Baseline (2) is created.

5. In the Corridor Properties - Corridor - Main dialog box, for EOP-SOUTH, click under the Profile column to modify the profile.

6. In the Select a Profile dialog box:

■ Select South EOP.■ Click OK.

Next, you add a region to Baseline (2), specify what assembly is used, and assign the targets for that assembly.

7. Right-click Baseline (2). Click Add Region.

8. In the Select an Assembly dialog box:

■ Select Cul de Sac - South.■ Click OK.

9. Expand Baseline to see the region you added.

Next, you modify the targets for the region. The target for the edge of pavement for the assembly is the design centerline of the main road, defined by the Danielle Court - Design alignment and the proposed profile for this alignment, Main Road Segment.

10. For Baseline (2), Region (1), under the Target column, click the ellipsis.

11. In the Target Mapping dialog box:

■ For Alignments, Width Alignment, under Object Name, click and select Danielle Court - Design.

■ For Profiles, Outside Elevation Profile, for Object Name, click in the Select a Profile dialog box. Select Alignment Danielle Court-Design, and select Profile Main Road Segment.

■ Click OK.■ Click OK again to dismiss the Target

Mapping dialog box.

Next, you decrease the frequency to generate additional data along the curves of the cul-de-sac.

12. In the Corridor Properties - Corridor - Main dialog box, under Frequency, click the ellipsis.

13. In the Frequency to Apply Assemblies dialog box, for Along Curves, enter 5.

Sample Chapter



esale


14. Click OK twice to close all dialog boxes. The corridor is remodeled.

Next, you model the north side of the cul-de-sac. The process is identical to that for the south, using the appropriate alignments, profiles, and assemblies.


16. In the Corridor Properties - Corridor - Main dialog box, Parameters tab, click Add Baseline.

17. In the Pick Horizontal Alignment dialog box:

■ Select EOP-NORTH.■ Click OK.

Baseline (3) is created.

18. In the Corridor Properties - Corridor - Main dialog box, for EOP-NORTH, click in the Profile column to modify the profile.

19. In the Select a Profile dialog box:

■ Select North EOP.■ Click OK.

Next, you add a region to Baseline (3), specify what assembly is used, and assign the targets for that assembly.

20. Right-click Baseline (3). Click Add Region.

21. In the Select an Assembly dialog box:

■ Select Cul de Sac - North.■ Click OK.

Expand Baseline to see the region you added. Next, you modify the targets for the region.

22. For Baseline (3), Region (1), under the Target column, click the ellipsis.

23. In the Target Mapping dialog box:

■ For Alignments, Width Alignment, under Object Name, click and select Danielle Court - Design.

■ For Profiles, Outside Elevation Profile, for Object Name, click in the Select a Profile dialog box. Select Alignment Danielle Court-Design, and select Profile Main Road Segment.

■ Click OK.■ Click OK again to dismiss the Target

Mapping dialog box.

24. In the Corridor Properties - Corridor - Main dialog box, under Frequency, click the ellipsis.

25. In the Frequency to Apply Assemblies dialog box, for Along Curves, enter 5.

26. Click OK twice to close all dialog boxes.

27. If it displays, review the information in the Panorama window. It could inform you that there are some overlapping duplicate points that were ignored when the surface was created. Click the green check mark sign to dismiss the window. The corridor is remodeled.

Sample Chapter



esale


Lesson: Creating a Corridor Surface and Cul-de-Sac Island

Overview

This lesson describes how you create a corridor surface and cul-de-sac island. You use the corridor surface to generate volume calculations that estimate the required materials for your design. You then use the underlying cul-de-sac corridor surface as the basis to accurately model the cul-de-sac landscape island.

The following illustration is an example of a complete corridor surface.

Objectives


■ Describe corridor surfaces and how to use them to update the model. ■ Create a corridor surface and cul-de-sac island.

Sample Chapter



esale


About Corridor Surfaces

After you create a corridor model, you can create corridor surfaces. Using the various surface creation options available, you can create digital terrain surface models of your proposed road and cul-de-sac.

Relying on the dynamic features of AutoCAD® Civil 3D®, you use modifications to the main roadway corridor surface model to ensure that the model of the cul-de-sac bulb is up-to-date. Additionally, you can use the underlying cul-de-sac corridor surface as the basis to accurately model the cul-de-sac landscape island.

Definition of Corridor Surfaces

A corridor surface is a Civil 3D surface object created from the links or feature lines of a corridor model. These surfaces are part of the general Surface collection in a Civil 3D drawing and therefore can be used to further refine your roadway and cul-de-sac design. Projecting feature lines representing the island edge of pavement onto a corridor surface assigns elevation data to the feature line, which is then used to model the island itself.

Examples of Corridor Surfaces

Corridors are used in a variety of modeling situations and surface models are often created from these corridors. Examples of corridor surface models range from simple roads to complex highway interchanges. Additional examples include:

■ Prefinal or conceptual surface creation■ Finished, or top, surfaces of roadways■ Datum surfaces for mass earthwork volume calculations

Creating a Corridor Surface and Cul-de-Sac Island

This lesson describes the steps for creating a corridor surface and cul-de-sac island. You modify the main road corridor, convert the cul-de-sac island polylines to feature lines, and grade the cul-de-sac island. The grading of the island includes the curb, gutter, and interior berm.

Process: Creating a Corridor Surface and Cul-de-Sac Island

The following steps outline the process for creating a corridor surface and cul-de-sac island.

1. Modify main road corridor surface to add boundary.

■ Edit corridor surface properties.■ Set interactive surface boundaries.■ Edit corridor properties.■ Rebuild corridor surface with boundary

definitions.

Sample Chapter



esale

Lesson: Creating a Corridor Surface and Cul-de-Sac Island ■ 25

Guidelines for Creating a Corridor Surface and Cul-de-Sac Island

Keep the following guidelines in mind when creating a corridor surface and cul-de-sac island.

■ It is recommended that you add a boundary to each corridor that you create. Adding a boundary prevents triangulation of points outside a set boundary, which can distort the surface. When creating a boundary, verify that the polygon is well formed by clicking the green check mark in the Corridor Boundary Definition dialog box.

■ Use grading criteria sets to consolidate grading settings and to eliminate repetitive prompting when you are creating gradings. You can create grading criteria, or parameters, to define how grading is created from the footprint, and apply the criteria to other gradings.

2. Create feature lines for island.

■ Convert island polylines to feature lines.■ Insert elevation points for feature lines.■ Assign elevation points to feature lines.

3. Grade cul-de-sac island.

■ Set grading group.■ Set grading criteria.■ Create grading infill for island center.■ Examine and edit island where required.■ Paste island surface to main road surface.

Sample Chapter



esale


Exercise: Create a Corridor Surface and Cul-de-Sac Island

In this exercise, you modify the main road corridor to add a boundary, and then grade a cul-de-sac island, complete with curb, gutter, and interior berm.



■ The surface is displayed using a style with contours at one-foot intervals.

■ A circular polyline at the center of the cul-de-sac, representing the EOP around a proposed island.

■ A predefined Grading Criteria Set named Curb and Gutter Set, containing several criteria to be used in creating the island curb and gutter and berm geometry.

■ Island curb and gutter parameters:

• Gutter width: 1'

• Gutter slope: 6.25% (reversed slope because the island is highpoint of cul-de-sac)

• Curb height: 0.5'

• Curb width: 0.5'

Modify Main Road Corridor


1. Open Cul-de-sac - Surface.dwg.

2. First, you change the surface display, making it easier to select components of the corridor.

Select a surface contour. Right-click, select Surface Properties.

3. In the Surface Properties - Corridor - Main Road dialog box, Information tab:

■ For Surface Style, select _No Display.■ Click OK.

Next you interactively add a boundary to the corridor.


5. In the Corridor Properties - Corridor - Main dialog box, Boundaries tab:

■ Notice that the surface is listed but there is no border.

■ Right-click Corridor - Main Road. Click Add Interactively.

Sample Chapter



esale


6. The command line reads: To Define Boundary, Select the first point a corridor feature line. You use the Back_Curb feature line to define the corridor boundary. You do this interactively by selecting the feature lines from the plan. The feature lines must be selected in the correct order to ensure that the boundary is properly formed. It helps if you zoom in on the corridor.

Start by selecting the back of curb, which is the dark green line (labeled 1) in the following illustration. You are prompted to Select the First Point on a Corridor Feature Line. Use your endpoint OSNAP to select the beginning of the outermost feature line on the left side of Danielle Court, near Station 0+00.

NOTE: When you click a location of the corridor where several feature lines are overlying each other, a dialog box is displayed from which you select the desired feature line. Select Back_Curb as shown in the following illustration. Click OK.

7. You see a red ‘jig’ that traces the feature line and the command prompt reads Select Next Point on this Feature Line or Click on Another Feature Line or (Undo/Close).

Move your mouse down the feature line until the jig stops at the end of the corridor region. Click on the same feature line in the next corridor region to continue the boundary (labeled 2 in following illustration). The jig should continue without gaps.

8. Continue selecting the Back_curb feature line around the perimeter of the cul-de-sac as shown in the following illustration.

Select the feature lines in the following order:

1. Outer line at top of cul-de-sac.

2. Line at back of the curve line for the northern half of the cul-de-sac.

3. Line at back of the curve line for the southern half of the cul-de-sac.

4. Bottom edge of the cul-de-sac.

Sample Chapter



esale


Create Feature Lines

Next, you grade the cul-de-sac island. The elevations of the island curb and gutter are determined from the underlying corridor surface. You create a feature line that projects onto the corridor surface. This feature line represents the EOP around the island. Then, you create grading to model the curb, gutter, and interior island. First, you convert the polyline to a feature line.

Click OK to close all dialog boxes. The corridor surface is rebuilt, with the new boundary definition applied.

Next, you change the display settings to view the results of the adding the corridor boundary.

9. In Toolspace, Prospector tab, expand Surfaces. Right-click Corridor - Main Road. Select Properties.

10. In the Surface Properties dialog box, Information tab:

■ For Surface Style, select Contours 1' and 5' (Design).

■ Click OK.

The surface contours are displayed. Note that the surface does not extend beyond the back of curb.

1. Zoom in on the cul-de-sac island.

2. Click Grading menu > Create Feature Lines from Objects.

3. When prompted to Select Lines, Arcs, Polylines or 3D Polylines to Convert to Feature Lines, select the circular polyline representing the island pavement EOP. Press ENTER.

4. In the Create Feature Lines dialog box:

■ For Site Name, select Island.■ Click OK. The polyline is converted to a

feature line.

Next, you add additional vertices around the feature line. The elevations of each vertex are set from the underlying corridor surface. Adding the vertices adds detail to the island.

5. Click Grading menu > Edit Feature Lines > Insert Elevation Point.

Sample Chapter



esale



■ Select a Feature Line, Survey Figure, Parcel Line or 3D Polyline, select the feature line you just created.

■ Specify Point, enter I for Increment. Press ENTER.

■ Specify Distance Between Points, enter 2. This action creates elevation points every two feet along the feature line to give an approximation of the circle.

7. Press ENTER to create the intermediate points.

8. Press ENTER to end the command. There are now elevation points along the feature line.

Next, you assign elevations to the feature line. First, you open the Feature Lines toolbar.

9. Right-click a gray area in any toolbar. Select Civil > Feature Lines.

Next, you set the elevation for the edge of pavement from the underlying corridor surface created in the previous steps.

10. On the Feature Lines toolbar, click Elevations from Surface.

11. In the Set Elevations from Surface dialog box:

■ Ensure that Corridor - Main Road is selected.

■ Clear the Insert Intermediate Grade Break Points option.

■ Click OK.

12. When prompted to Select a Feature Line, Survey Figure, Parcel Line or 3D Polyline, select the feature line. Press ENTER to complete the command.

13. On the Feature Lines toolbar, click Elevation Editor to list the feature line.

When prompted to Select a Feature Line, Survey Figure, Parcel Line or 3D Polyline, select the feature line.

14. In the Panorama window, note that elevations are assigned to the points along the feature line.

15. Close Panorama. Close the Feature Lines toolbar.

Next, you grade the island using the criteria outlined at the start of this exercise.

16. Click Grading menu > Create Grading.

Sample Chapter



esale


17. On the Grading Creation Tools toolbar, click Set the Grading Group.

18. In the Create Grading Group dialog box:

■ For Name, enter Island.■ Select the Automatic Surface Creation

option.■ Click OK.

19. In the Create Surface dialog box, click OK.

20. On the Grading Creation Tools toolbar, click Select a Criteria Set.

21. In the Select a Criteria Set dialog box:

■ Select Curb and Gutter Set.■ Click OK.

This set has a number of criteria defined based on the given island geometry.

22. On the Grading Creation Tools toolbar, select 1' Gutter at 6.25%.

This option creates a gutter from the edge of pavement to the flow line that is one-foot wide and slopes up at 6.25%. This is a reverse-sloped gutter because the island is higher than the outer cul-de-sac curb and gutter and water sheds from the island to the outer perimeter. The reverse slope on the island gutter prevents ponding at the flowline.

23. On the Grading Creation Tools toolbar, click Create Grading.


■ Select the Feature, select the feature line.■ Select the Grading Side, select toward

the interior of the island.

25. Press ENTER three times to accept the defaults. The gutter is created.

26. On the Grading Creation Tools toolbar, select 0.5' Curb Face with 0.1' batter.

This command makes the face of the curb 0.5' high with a 0.1' batter on the vertical surface.


■ Select the Feature, select the interior line of the gutter grading.

■ Apply to Entire Length, select Yes.

28. Press ENTER twice to accept the default relative elevation and distance.

Sample Chapter



esale


29. Zoom in on the circle to see the new feature line.

30. On the Grading Creation Tools toolbar, change the criteria to 0.5' Top of Curb.


■ Select the Feature, select the feature line closest to the island interior.

■ For Apply to Entire Length, select Yes.

32. Press ENTER three times to accept the default relative elevation and distance, and to end the command. The top of curb is created.

Next, you create the island interior which slopes up at 4:1 at the curb to a height of 2' above the back of curb. The area is then infilled with a flat spot for future planting.

33. On the Grading Creation Tools toolbar, select Island Interior and click Create Grading.


■ Select the Feature, select the interior feature line that represents the top of curb closest to the island interior.

■ For Apply to Entire Length, select Yes.

35. Press ENTER three times to accept defaults for relative elevation, slope, and to end the command.

The interior of the island is created. There is a flat area at the island center. When the surface is created, it triangulates across this area tying it together to the planting area.

Sample Chapter



esale


Grade Island

Next, you use Object Viewer to see what has been created.

1. Select each of the grading objects that represent the gutter, curb face, top of curb, island berm, and the infill.

TIP: This is easily done using crossing windows in the areas shown in the following illustration.

2. Right-click in the drawing. Click Object Viewer.

3. In Object Viewer examine the objects representing the cul-de-sac island. Use different angles and views to review the design for obvious errors.

4. Close Object Viewer.

5. When you created the island, you selected the Automatically Create Surface from Island Grading option. Before adding the island, you first look at the road surface in 3D. You then paste the island surface to the main road surface to create a complete surface model of the roadway top. You can compare the surface to what it looks like after the island is added.

6. Select a surface contour on the main portion of the road (do not select a contour on the island as this will select the wrong surface). Right-click, select Object Viewer.

7. In Object Viewer, change the visual style to 3D Wireframe. Note the cul-de-sac bulb has no island.

8. Close Object Viewer.

9. In Toolspace, on the Prospector tab, expand Surfaces. Expand Corridor - Main Road. Expand Definition. Right-click Edits. Select Paste Surface.

You paste the Island surface into the Corridor - Main Road surface.

10. In the Select Surface to Paste dialog box:

■ Select Island.■ Click OK.

Make it easier to view the edited Corridor - Main Road surface by hiding contours from the Island surface.

11. On the Prospector tab, right-click Island. Select Properties.

12. In the Surface Properties - Island dialog box:


Sample Chapter



esale


13. Select a surface contour and right-click. Select Object Viewer to again view the Corridor - Main Road surface in perspective.

14. In the Object Viewer window, notice that an island and a curb and gutter have been added to the Corridor - Main Road surface. The island now has a curb and gutter, top of curb, an island berm, and a flat grading area in the center of the island.

Sample Chapter



esale


Lesson: Revising the Cul-de-Sac and Rebuilding the Model

Overview

This lesson describes how to use dynamic corridor modeling to revise the cul-de-sac model. Corridor models respond dynamically to changes in the associated alignment and surfaces, and to changes to the assemblies that you use to create the corridor. When you make changes to the base design, your corridor models are updated so that you can see the effect of your edits on the corridor structure. As site conditions or project requirements change, you can modify the parameters of the corridor model or the underlying objects while preserving your design work.

When you make changes to an alignment or profile, the corridor model responds dynamically to the change, including any logic built into the subassemblies. For example, if you revise the cul-de-sac as a result of a change in the location of the elevation low point for the drainage inlet, the corridor is adjusted accordingly. You can modify a corridor model either manually, by repositioning objects in the drawing area, or by using the Toolspace to change corridor properties.

Objectives


■ Revise the corridor with dynamic corridor modeling. ■ Revise the cul-de-sac and rebuild the model.

Sample Chapter



esale

Lesson: Revising the Cul-de-Sac and Rebuilding the Model ■ 35

About Dynamic Corridor Modeling

Surfaces created from corridor models dynamically update as the corridor itself is revised. The corridor model can be easily modified as needed to reflect engineering design changes. Changes to corridor assemblies, subassembly targets, or profiles are all immediately reflected in the corridor model and, subsequently, the corridor surface model.

Definition of Dynamic Corridor Modeling

Dynamic corridor modeling refers to the interrelated functionality of the corridor, its subcomponents (profiles, alignments, assemblies, and so on), and the objects created from the corridor itself. Because of the dynamic relationship among these components, it is easy to make small and large changes to your design with minimal effort.

In the following illustration the alignments are modified when the low elevation point is changed from Point A to Point B, and the corridor model is rebuilt automatically.

Example

Dynamic modeling is an integral component of nearly all AutoCAD Civil 3D features. Examples of dynamic corridor modeling include:

■ Revising a centerline profile to update the overall roadway model.■ Relocating an inlet by modifying the endpoints of alignments and profiles representing the edges

of pavement around the cul-de-sac bulb.■ Extracting revised elevations for the cul-de-sac island from the underlying corridor surface model.■ Editing the corridor assembly to change the width of the paved section of a road.

Sample Chapter



esale


Revising the Cul-de-Sac and Rebuilding the Model

This section describes the steps for revising the cul-de-sac and rebuilding the model. To revise the cul-de-sac you modify the horizontal alignments, profiles, and corridor model and surface, and you update island feature elevations. The horizontal alignments can be revised by stretching them to new endpoint locations. You revise the profiles by modifying the endpoints of the PVIs and the slope values. The corridor model and surface are modified and rebuilt before finally updating the island feature line elevations and rebuilding the corridor and island.

Process: Revising the Cul-de-Sac and Rebuilding the Model

The following steps outline the process for revising the cul-de-sac and rebuilding the model.

1. Revise horizontal alignments for EOPs.

■ Select alignments.■ Stretch to new endpoint location.

2. Revise profiles.

■ Determine flow paths and lengths.■ Modify endpoints of PVIs.■ Modify slope of profiles.

3. Update and rebuild corridor model and surface.

■ Edit regions to match new alignments.■ Edit endpoints of regions.■ Rebuild corridor.

Sample Chapter



esale


Guidelines for Revising the Cul-de-Sac

Keep the following guidelines in mind when revising the cul-de-sac.

■ When the low point elevations for two alignments in a cul-de-sac are the same, the elevation of the water drainage inlet is determined by the longest path the water would take around the cul-de-sac gutter. The longer flow path will be the controlling alignment. Because water flowing along the gutter of one alignment has a longer path to the inlet, you want to set the profile for that alignment at the minimum allowable slope (e.g. - 0.60%), thus establishing the elevation for the new inlet.

■ Construct a cul-de-sac island with only one feature line representing the EOP. This feature line is the only element that needs to be manually updated when revising the island. The island elevations and the island surface are automatically updated due to the dynamic nature of Civil 3D.

4. Update island feature line elevations.

■ Edit island feature lines and elevations.■ Rebuild corridor and island.

Sample Chapter



esale


Exercise: Revise the Cul-de-Sac and Rebuild the Model

In this exercise, you revise the cul-de-sac to accommodate a change in the location of the low point inlet. You begin by modifying both the alignments and profiles representing the EOPs around the cul-de-sac bulb. You then rebuild the corridor model and recreate the corridor surface. Finally, you update the corridor island.



■ The surface is displayed using a style with contours at one-foot intervals.

■ A circular polyline and the center of the cul-de-sac, representing the EOP around a proposed island.

■ A predefined Grading Criteria Set named Curb and Gutter Set, containing several criteria to be used in creating the island curb and gutter and berm geometry.

■ Island curb and gutter parameters:

• Gutter width: 1'

• Gutter slope: 6.25% (reversed slope because the island is the high point of cul-de-sac)

• Curb height: 0.5'

• Curb width: 0.5'

■ A change in the design of the utilities requires the cul-de-sac low point inlet to be moved from its original location. This change forces the modification of the entire cul-de-sac bulb grading design.

Modify Profiles


1. Open Cul de Sac - Revision.dwg.

This drawing shows a red-colored inlet, which is the new proposed location for the low point on the cul-de-sac. The original location is represented by the green inlet.

You begin by modifying the horizontal alignments along both the north and south EOPs.

2. Select the north and south alignments.

Notice that the endpoints of both these alignments are located at the original inlet (the green inlet). Because of the dynamic nature of the alignments, their endpoints can be stretched to the new location, which is the red center of the red inlet.

3. Use grip editing to stretch the alignments. Select the shared grip of the two alignments at the green inlet. Use object snaps to select the final location. Press SHIFT+right-click, and select Center.

Sample Chapter



esale


4. Snap to the center of the red inlet. Press ESC to clear the selection.

The alignments are revised.

Next, you modify the profiles for the edges of pavement to reflect the changes in the low point location.

As was the case with the original design, the low point elevation is determined by the longest path the water would take around the cul-de-sac gutter. By comparing the length of the north alignment with the length of the south alignment, it is apparent that the north EOP alignment is longer. This will be the controlling alignment. Because water flowing along the north gutter has a longer path to the inlet, you want to set the profile for the north alignment at the minimum allowable slope of - 0.60%; thus establishing the elevation for the new inlet.

5. First, you modify the location of the ending PVI for the north EOP profile. The station for this ending PVI should exactly match the ending station of the horizontal alignment.

Make this easy by copying and pasting the value from the alignment properties to the profile PVI. Select the north alignment. Right-click, select Alignment Properties.

6. In the Alignment Properties - EOP - North dialog box, Station Control tab:

■ Select the End Station value of the alignment.

■ Right-click the value, select Copy.■ Click Cancel.

7. Pan to the EOP-North Profile. Select the profile. Right-click, select Edit Profile Geometry.

8. On the Profile Layout Tools toolbar, click Select PVI to open the Profile Layout Parameters dialog box.

9. When prompted to Pick Point Near PVI to Select, select the ending PVI on the right side.

Sample Chapter



esale


10. In the Profile Layout Parameters dialog box:

■ Select the PVI Station value.■ Right-click, select Paste.■ Press ENTER.

Notice that the alignment has changed but the slope is now -0.49%, which is below the allowable minimum of -0.6% and is too flat.

11. Press ENTER to end the selection process.

Next, you modify the slope. The elevation of the ending PVI has changed but the elevation of the starting PVI has not. Therefore, you want to hold the starting PVI elevation constant and slope down at 0.6% to the new endpoint station.

12. On the Profile Layout Tools toolbar; click Select PVI.

13. Select the starting PVI, on the left of the profile.


■ For Grade Out, change the value to -0.60%.

■ Press ENTER.■ Close the Profile Layout Tools toolbar.

15. Note that the value of the PVI Elevation is 741.411'. This is the new elevation of the inlet and is also the elevation of the ending PVI for the south EOP profile. Write this elevation down as you will need it when editing the south profile.

Next, you modify the South EOP profile in a similar manner to which the north profile was modified. First you need to set the station of the ending PVI to match that of the revised alignment.

16. Select the South alignment. Right-click, select Alignment Properties.

17. In the Alignment Properties dialog box:

■ Select the End Station value of the alignment.

■ Right-click, select Copy.■ Click OK.

18. Pan to South Profile to edit it.

19. Select the end of the PVI Station at the right side. Right-click, select Edit Profile Geometry.

20. On the Profile Layout Toolbar, click Select PVI to open the Profile Layout Parameters dialog box. Click near the PVI station to display data in the Profile Layout Parameters dialog box.


■ For PVI Station, in the Value column, right-click and select Paste. Press ENTER.

■ For PVI Elevation, enter 741.411, the new elevation for the inlet, determined by the ending PVI elevation for the North profile.

■ Press ENTER.

The profile is modified.

22. Close the Profile Layout Parameters window and the Profile Layout Tools toolbar.

You have finished modifying the North and South EOP alignments.

Sample Chapter



esale


Update and Rebuild Corridor

Next, you modify the corridor parameters so the regions match the new alignment lengths.

Update Island Elevations

Next, you modify the island so that its elevation matches the revised corridor. Since the entire island is constructed off the feature line representing the EOP, this feature line is the only element that needs to be manually updated. The rest of the island elevations and the island surface then automatically update. Additionally, due to the dynamic nature of Civil 3D, the Corridor - Main Road surface also accurately reflects the changes to the island.

1. On the Prospector tab, expand Corridors. Right-click Corridor-Main. Click Properties.

2. In the Corridor Properties - Corridor - Main dialog box, Parameters tab:

■ The end station value for Baseline (2) Region (1) should exactly equal the value for the Baseline (2) itself. Under Baseline (2), for Region (1), for End Station, enter 2+12.31161322.

■ The end station value for Baseline (3) Region (1) should exactly equal the value for the Baseline (3) itself. Under Baseline (3), for Region (1), for End Station, enter 3+01.53129334.

■ Click OK.

■ The corridor is rebuilt. Review and dismiss the warning messages in Panorama window. Notice that the surface contours reflect the new low point location near the southeast side of the cul-de-sac bulb.

3. Hold the cursor at different points on both sides of the red inlet to examine the elevation data. Notice that elevations increase as you move away from the red inlet, indicating that this is the new low point and water will flow to it.

1. Click Grading menu > Edit Feature Lines > Elevations from Surface.

2. In the Set Elevations from Surface dialog box:

■ For Surface, select Corridor - Main Road.■ Uncheck the Insert Intermediate Grade

Break Points option.■ Click OK.

3. When prompted to Select a Feature Line, Survey Figure, Parcel Line or 3D Polyline, select the feature line (outermost line) of the island in the drawing. This updates the elevations on the island.

4. Press ENTER to end the command. If displayed, review and dismiss messages in the Panorama window. Dismiss the vista by clicking the green check mark.

The surface model for the corridor has been rebuilt with the updated island.

5. Select a contour line. Right-click, select Object Viewer to view the corridor in 3D.

Sample Chapter



esale


6. In the Object Viewer window, set the view style to 3D Wireframe. Notice that you have now modified the cul-de-sac head.

Sample Chapter



esale


Lesson: Preparing to Plot the Cul-de-Sac

Overview

This lesson describes how to use object and label styles to annotate your drawing in preparation for plotting. You modify the surface style, and label various components of your drawing.

All objects in a drawing can have labels and label styles associated with them. Label styles determine what information is attached to the object and how that information is displayed in the drawing. Clearly labeled objects provide important design data for the drawing, and are a significant part of preparing for plotting.

Objectives


■ Describe label styles and how to annotate design elements. ■ Prepare to plot the cul-de-sac.

About Label Styles

Annotation of design elements is an important part of every project. Sometimes the methods used to create the design elements do not correspond directly with the way you would like to display information on your plan set. By using various object and label styles, you can create road and cul-de-sac models that accurately reflect your engineering design and also convey the design intent on the plan set.

The following illustration shows labels and label styles for elements of the cul-de-sac.

Sample Chapter



esale


Definition of Label Styles

Object styles are used to control the appearance and behavior of objects. Label styles are used to annotate these objects. Together, they enable you to create a complete set of construction plans. Each object type has specific label styles associated with it. Additionally, several general-purpose styles are available that apply to multiple object types.

Styles are the cornerstone to successfully using AutoCAD Civil 3D. Styles are used for nearly every element in a project. Examples of styles include:

■ Surface appearance, such as contours or TIN lines.■ Spot labels used to identify elevations on surfaces.■ Incremental station labels along the centerline of a roadway.■ Profile styles that display existing and proposed linework with different line weights.

Preparing to Plot the Cul-de-Sac

This section describes the steps for preparing to plot a cul-de-sac. To prepare the cul-de-sac for plotting, you assign a plotting alignment and surface style. You set the label style and label alignment endpoints, arc midpoints, and island quadrant elevations.

Process: Preparing to Plot the Cul-de-Sac

The following steps outline the process for adding surface labels and preparing to plot the cul-de-sac.

1. Assign plotting styles.

■ Modify alignment centerline.■ Modify surface style.

2. Add surface labels.

■ Set label style.■ Label alignment endpoints.■ Label arc midpoints.■ Label island quadrant elevations.

Sample Chapter



esale

Lesson: Preparing to Plot the Cul-de-Sac ■ 45

Guidelines for Preparing to Plot the Cul-de-Sac

Keep the following guidelines in mind when preparing to plot the cul-de-sac.

■ A common method for depicting the centerline alignment for a road with an offset cul-de-sac bulb is to extend the centerline into the bulb with a 90-degree dog-leg terminating at the center of the cul-de-sac bulb. This centerline is then stationed accordingly. However, when designing offset cul-de-sacs, it is best to also create a design alignment.

■ When the design is relatively flat, elevation information should be presented using spot elevation labels instead of contours. This provides the greater level of detail needed to stake and construct the cul-de-sac.

Sample Chapter



esale


Exercise: Prepare to Plot the Cul-de-Sac

In this exercise you make preparations for plotting the design. You change the appearance of the centerline alignment. Additionally, the road in this example is quite flat and thus 1' contours do not provide enough elevation details. Therefore, you add spot elevation labels to the cul-de-sac and island.



This is a continuation of the previous exercise in this chapter and includes all the elements of the previous drawing, assuming the previous exercise was successfully completed.

Assign Plotting Styles

1. Open Cul de Sac - Plot.dwg.

This drawing shows the cul-de-sac with the alignment, the surface, and some contours. First, you modify the appearance of the centerline alignment.

2. On the Prospector tab, expand Sites. Expand Sub 1, expand Alignments.

Notice that there are two alignments for Danielle Court: Danielle Court - Design, which is your working alignment that you used to create the corridor model; and Danielle Court - Plotting, which you use for your final plots. Danielle Court - Plotting is currently not visible in the plan view.

Next, you hide the Danielle Court - Design alignment and its labels and display the Danielle Court - Plotting alignment. You use the latter alignment to station the centerline.

3. Right-click Danielle Court-Design. Click Properties.

4. In the Alignment Properties dialog box, Information tab:

■ For Object Style, select _No Display.■ Click OK.

5. Right-click Danielle Court - Plotting. Click Properties.

6. In the Alignment Properties dialog box, on the information tab, for Object Style, select Proposed and click OK.

Sample Chapter



esale


Add Surface Labels

Next, you add elevation details that help convey the design intent to reviewers and provide the information needed to construct the cul-de-sac. In this exercise, you label only the cul-de-sac and the island. For a real project, additional detail would be needed at key locations on the main section of the street. It is common to label key elevations at key geometric points, such as the beginning midpoint and end of curves; high and low point grade breaks; and other areas where deemed appropriate by the designer. In this exercise you add spot elevations along the EOP at these locations, starting at the point along the road where the cul-de-sac meets the standard-width section.

7. In the drawing, right-click on Danielle Court - Plotting alignment and select Edit Alignment Labels. In the Alignment Labels - Danielle Court - Plotting dialog box:

■ Click Import Label Set.■ In the Select Style Set dialog box, for

Style Set, select Major Minor and Geometry Points.

■ Click OK.

8. Click OK to close the Alignment Properties dialog box.

Now you have a typical representation of the centerline alignment, as it would be for construction documents. The alignment extends into the cul-de-sac bulb, makes a 90-degree turn, and terminates at the center.

Next, you modify the surface style to turn off the contours. Elevation information is presented using spot elevation labels instead of contours. This provides the greater level of detailed needed to allow the cul-de-sac to be staked and built.

9. Select a contour. Right-click, click Surface Properties.

10. In the Surface Properties dialog box:


Now you have a clearer view of the roadway and the alignment stationing. You can see at the end of the alignment and center of the cul-de-sac that the station labels overlap. Next, you move these labels so they are more legible.

11. Zoom in on the cul-de-sac.

12. You select the station labels and adjust them so that you can read them more easily. The style is defined such that when you drag the label, you get automatic leaders. The style is also defined to stack the text when it is dragged.

Sample Chapter



esale


1. To make it easier to select a point, turn on Object Snap and set it to Endpoint.

2. Right-click OSNAP. Click Settings.

3. In the Drafting Settings dialog box, Object Snap tab:

■ Click the Clear All button to uncheck all options.

■ Select the Object Snap On (F3) check box.

■ Under Object Snap Modes, select the Endpoint check box.

■ Click OK.

4. Click General menu > Add Labels.

5. In the Add Labels dialog box:

■ For Feature, select Surface.■ For Label Type, select Spot Elevation.■ For Spot Elevation Label Style, select

Elevation Only.

■ For Marker Style, select Spot.■ Click Add.

6. When prompted to Select a Surface, press ENTER. Because you turned off the surface, you cannot select from the screen.

7. In the Select a Surface dialog box:

■ Select Corridor - Main Road.■ Click OK.

8. When prompted to Select a Point, select the endpoints shown in the following illustration.

Sample Chapter



esale


More spot elevations are required to provide additional detail. Next, you add labels to the midpoints of the arcs. This action adds five more labels to the cul-de-sac.

9. Press SHIFT+right-click, select Midpoint. Repeat this step for the north and south alignments.

10. In the Add Labels dialog box, click Close to end the command.

The spot elevation labels are added to the cul-de-sac.

Next, you adjust the location of the marker labels to improve readability.

11. Select the marker. Click the square grip. Move the text label to a location where it is easier to read.

Finally, you add some spot elevation labels to the island.

12. To do this repeat steps 4 through 8. Typically, you add labels to the quadrants of the island. Move these labels to make them more readable.

You now have a sufficient number of spot elevations along the cul-de-sac EOP and on the island providing enough detail so that the design intent is clear and the cul-de-sac can be constructed. You may want to add one more spot elevation in the middle of the island, or you could contour this section of the island, depending on the designer’s preferences.Sa

mple Chapter



esale


Chapter Summary

This chapter described how to design and plot cul-de-sacs by creating main road profiles, designing a cul-de-sac bulb, and creating a corridor surface.

Having completed this chapter, you can:

■ Identify the engineering tasks and list the guidelines in the process of designing cul-de-sacs. ■ Design a main road profile. ■ Design a cul-de-sac bulb. ■ Create a corridor surface and a cul-de-sac island. ■ Revise the cul-de-sac and rebuild the model. ■ Prepare to plot the cul-de-sac.

Sample Chapter



esale

Chapter Summary ■ 51

Sample Chapter



esale


Documents

Creating Cul-de-Sacs - Digital Riverdrh2.img.digitalriver.com/DRHM/Storefront/Company/adsk/files/pdf/... · a main road section with a standard roadway width, ... enabling you to