Creating a GovernmentCreating a Government

Articles of Confederation (Loose Articles of Confederation (Loose Agreement)Agreement)

A. Loose agreement between colonies A. Loose agreement between colonies (states)(states)

1.1. ““Articles of Confederation”Articles of Confederation”a)a) Created only 1 body - “Congress”Created only 1 body - “Congress”

1)1) Each colony (state) had 1 vote in Congress Each colony (state) had 1 vote in Congress regardless of population within colonyregardless of population within colony

2)2) Only 3 things Congress could do:Only 3 things Congress could do:a. Declare wara. Declare warb. Enter into treatiesb. Enter into treatiesc. Coin $ (gold/silver)c. Coin $ (gold/silver)

*Only request tax $ from states/couldn’t force the *Only request tax $ from states/couldn’t force the states to pay tax $states to pay tax $

2.2. Shay’s RebellionShay’s Rebelliona)a) Angry war veterans wanted the gov’t to pay Angry war veterans wanted the gov’t to pay

back pay: They had bills too!back pay: They had bills too!

1)1) Constitutional Convention meets in Constitutional Convention meets in Philadelphia May 1787 - rewrite articlesPhiladelphia May 1787 - rewrite articles

2)2) Actually » toss out » start overActually » toss out » start overNew plan Sept. 17, 1787 “Constitution”New plan Sept. 17, 1787 “Constitution”

3)3) Layout of ConstitutionLayout of Constitution1)1) PreamblePreamble

2)2) 7 articles (chapter)7 articles (chapter)

a.a. Congress <--- Law makers (525)Congress <--- Law makers (525)

b.b. Executive branchExecutive branch

c.c. Judicial branch (Courts) “B” E. Amendments Judicial branch (Courts) “B” E. Amendments (26)(26)

d.d. 4-7 (states rights)4-7 (states rights)

Amendments 1st 10 = “B of R”Amendments 1st 10 = “B of R”

1. Freedom Speech (jailed)1. Freedom Speech (jailed) “ Press (newspapers “ Press (newspapers

destroyed)destroyed) “ “ Assembly (Outlawed) Assembly (Outlawed)

2. Right to bear arms2. Right to bear arms– Kill food, militia » m.m = against BritishKill food, militia » m.m = against British

3. Don’t have to house soldiers (unless 3. Don’t have to house soldiers (unless emergency)emergency)

– Quartering Act » Br. Soldiers placed into Quartering Act » Br. Soldiers placed into peoples’ homespeoples’ homes

Bill of Rights - 1st 10 Bill of Rights - 1st 10 AmendmentsAmendments

““E” ideasE” ideas Reaction to British ruleReaction to British rule

Amendment #1Amendment #1 Freedom of ---> Religion ---> “v”Freedom of ---> Religion ---> “v”

---> Speech ---> British would ---> Speech ---> British would jail Anti- jail Anti-

British British statementsstatements Press ---> Press ---> Print shops and Print shops and presses destroyed presses destroyed <--- Assembly <--- Assembly

Denied by Crown for fear of subversive Denied by Crown for fear of subversive meetingsmeetings

Amendment #2Amendment #2 Right to Bear ArmsRight to Bear Arms

Militia outlawedMilitia outlawed Killing for foodKilling for food Have an established militaryHave an established military

Amendment #3Amendment #3 Quartering ActQuartering Act

Direct reaction o the hatred of housing Br. Direct reaction o the hatred of housing Br. Soldiers before warSoldiers before war

*Britain --> forced people (Boston) to have *Britain --> forced people (Boston) to have and feed soldiersand feed soldiers

Amendment #4Amendment #4 Searches and SeizuresSearches and Seizures

““E” --> BE” --> B Br. Breaking into suspected Rev. homes & searching Br. Breaking into suspected Rev. homes & searching

their belongingtheir belonging

Amendment #5Amendment #5 ““I plead the 5th!”I plead the 5th!”

Double jeopardy (Criminal/legal term)Double jeopardy (Criminal/legal term) Don’t have to testify against yourselfDon’t have to testify against yourself Can’t be tried 2 same crimeCan’t be tried 2 same crime

*Reaction to Br. courts*Reaction to Br. courts

Amendment #6Amendment #6 Legal Rights of the “Accused”Legal Rights of the “Accused”

Speedy trialSpeedy trial Trial localTrial local See your witnessesSee your witnesses Own witnessesOwn witnesses LawyerLawyer

*E=“B”*E=“B”Reaction to Br. courtsReaction to Br. courts

Amendment #7Amendment #7 Civil LawCivil Law

$ disputed more/at 20.00 = jury will decide $ disputed more/at 20.00 = jury will decide issueissue

Amendment #8Amendment #8 No cruel (torture) or unusual punishmentNo cruel (torture) or unusual punishment No excessive finesNo excessive fines Bail shall set (allow)Bail shall set (allow)

British legal tactic, large amountsBritish legal tactic, large amounts

Amendment #9Amendment #9 Rights of the peopleRights of the people

Constitution cannot take away the Constitution cannot take away the RightsRights of of the peoplethe people