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Created by Mr. deBruiny
Mediterranean Sea
Corrupt GovernmentCorrupt Government
High taxes, inflation, unemployment, disease
High taxes, inflation, unemployment, disease
Military DeclineMilitary Decline
Invasions by barbarian tribes
Invasions by barbarian tribes
• Deteriorating after 1,000 years• Invasions led to a new capitol
Eastern Empire becomes
And lasts for 1,000 years
Center of LearningPhilosophy
Medicine ArchitectureTrade
Law Code
Capital: Constantinople
• Surrounded by water on 3 sides• Thick walls surrounded city• Center of trade
– Traders came on land and water from various regions of the world (Europe, Africa, and Asia)
MAP SKILLS1. What might prevent or slow an invasion into Constantinople from the west?2. What are the benefits of conquering Constantinople?
Constantinople in A.D. 550Constantinople in A.D. 550
Why the Byzantine Empire Survived
Large ArmyMerchants and common
people were taxed to provide for an army
CulturesByzantium blended Roman, Greek, Middle Eastern, and
Christian cultures.
Strong GovernmentStrong laws helped emperors rule with
absolute power. They controlled the State and the
Church.
Constantinople’s LocationFavorable location for trade
and defense; between Europe and Asia; brought
great wealth.
BREAK!Preventing Death by Lecture
• Everybody run in place• Keep running, and find a partner– Older student is partner 1– Younger student is partner 2
• Partner 1: List 4 reasons why the Byzantine Empire survived
• Partner 2: List 3 reasons why the Byzantine Empire declined
• When you have listed your reasons, stop running in place and return to your desk
• Educated, wise, strong ruler• Extended rights to women
– Buy and own land, financial freedoms
• Improved the capital by building:– Walls, bridges, parks, public baths, a palace, courts,
schools, hospitals, churches, and markets
Restoring the Empire• Justinian’s army regained control of
Italy and restored the Roman Empire once again
Code of Justinian• Justinian organized Roman laws into a single code
which served for 900 years New laws added:
RELIGION: Required all persons to belong to the Eastern Orthodox Church
The CodeContained 5000 Roman laws
The CodeContained 5000 Roman laws
The Digest50 volumes of legal opinion
The Digest50 volumes of legal opinion
The InstitutesTextbook for law students
The InstitutesTextbook for law students
The NovellaeNew laws passed after 534 A.D.
The NovellaeNew laws passed after 534 A.D.
Code Consisted of 4 Works
Hagia Sophia• Beautiful churches showed
connection between Church and State
• Hagia Sophia (“Holy Wisdom”) was rebuilt after riots and became the emperor’s crowning glory
• Rich mosaics of saints and Jesus glittered in candle light
Interior Dome of Hagia Sophia
Differences Between Eastern and Western Christianity
West: Roman Catholic
East: Eastern Orthodox
Services in Latin Services in Greek or local
language
Pope has authority over all bishops
The patriarch and other bishops head the church as a group
Pope claims authority over all kings and emperors
Emperor claims authority over the patriarch and bishops
Priests cannot marry Priests can married
Divorce is not allowed Divorce is allowed
• The leading bishop in the east• Bowed to the emperor– Emperor ruled over patriarch
• The leading bishop in the east• Bowed to the emperor– Emperor ruled over patriarch
The Patriarch
What is an Icon?
• Religious images used in worship and ceremony to aid devotion
• Orthodox churches decorated with icons
The Schism• In 1054, the Pope and the Patriarch
excommunicated each other
Christianity was permanently divided between the Roman Catholic Church in the West and the Orthodox Church in the East
Created by the Wonderful, Intelligent, Hilarious, ALL TIME GREATEST, Mr. d!!!!!!!!!