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8/3/2019 Create Your Own Podcasts

1/71

Y@NLG\^HAD Y[@NZL^\ Kx \l`~~ C! K{h~aj{

Y`nlg|~ X`z{ Yz{y`|j th~e Chffhà N`ffg{ Ch||hà

E`t ^` Z|j B{jj ^``f| ^` L{jg~j

Zafhch~jn Y{`bj||hàgf Wzgfh~x Y`nlg|~|Gan Jg|hfx ^z{a Jgle Ha~` G Rh{gf ^{gbbhl

\`fz~hà @{ G Y{`nzl~ X`z Lga Y{`c`~j

B`{ Lg|e#Ha#êj#Kgao'

Y@NLG\^HAD Y[@NZL^\


ttt!ChffhàN`ffg{Ch||hà!l`c


2/71



Dj~ ~ej Fg~j|~ Rj{|hà `bêh| [jy`{~'

Lfhlo Ej{j ^` N`taf`gn ~ej Fg~j|~Rj{|hà `b ~eh| [jy`{~'

^` Cgoj \z{j X`z Gftgx| Dj~ êj C`|~ Zy#^`#Ng~j

Hab`{cg~hà& Tj Egrj L{jg~jn @z{ @ta Zyng~j \j{rj{!

Yfjg|j N`taf`gn êj Lz{{ja~ Rj{|hà @b êj [jy`{~ B{`c

Ej{j' êgao|'

Y@NLG\^HAD Y[@NZL^\


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3/71



^` Yz{leg|j Y{hrg~j Fgkjf [hde~| ~` ^eh|

[jy`{~& Yfjg|j Lfhlo Ej{j^` Dj~ C`{j Y{hrg~j Fgkjf L`a~ja~ & Yfjg|j Rh|h~

`z{ YF[ \~`{j

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4/71



GFF [HDE^\ [J\J[RJN! A` yg{~ `b ~eh| {jy`{~ cgx kj{jy{`nzljn `{ ~{ga|ch~~jn ha gax b`{c teg~|`jrj{&

jfjl~{àhl& `{ cjlegahlgf& halfznhad ye`~`l`yxhad&{jl`{nhad& `{ kx gax hab`{cg~hàgf |~`{gdj `{ {j~{hjrgf

|x|~jc th~e`z~ juy{j|| t{h~~ja& ng~jn gan |hdajn

yj{ch||hà b{`c ~ej gz~e`{!

NH\LFGHCJ[ GAN/@[ FJDGF A@^HLJ\=

êj hab`{cg~hà y{j|ja~jn ej{jha {jy{j|ja~| ~ej rhjt `b ~ejgz~e`{ g| `b ~ej ng~j `b yzkfhlg~hà! Kjlgz|j `b ~ej {g~j

th~e tehle lành~hà| legadj& ~ej gz~e`{ {j|j{rj| ~ej {hde~

~` gf~j{ gan zyng~j eh| `yhahà kg|jn à ~ej ajt lành~hà|!êj {jy`{~ h| b`{ hab`{cg~hàgf yz{y`|j| àfx! Tehfj jrj{x

g~~jcy~ eg| kjja cgnj ~` rj{hbx ~ej hab`{cg~hà y{`rhnjn ha

~eh| {jy`{~& ajh~ej{ ~ej gz~e`{ a`{ eh| gbbhfhg~j|/yg{~aj{|g||zcj gax {j|yà|hkhfh~x b`{ j{{`{|& hagllz{glhj| `{

`ch||hà|! Gax |fhde~| `b yj`yfj `{ `{dgah}g~hà| g{jzaha~ja~hàgf! Hb gnrhlj làlj{ahad fjdgf `{ {jfg~jn cg~~j{|

h| ajjnjn& ~ej |j{rhlj| `b g bzffx wzgfhbhjn y{`bj||hàgf|e`zfn kj |`zde~! êh| {jy`{~ h| a`~ ha~janjn b`{ z|j g| g

|`z{lj `b fjdgf `{ gll`za~had gnrhlj! X`z |e`zfn kj gtg{j

`b gax fgt| tehle d`rj{a kz|haj|| ~{ga|gl~hà| `{ `~ej{kz|haj|| y{gl~hlj| ha x`z{ l`za~{x gan |~g~j! Gax {jbj{jalj

~` gax yj{|à `{ kz|haj|| tej~ej{ fhrhad `{ njgn h| yz{jfxl`halhnja~gf!

Y@NLG\^HAD Y[@NZL^\




5/71



^` Yz{leg|j Y{hrg~j Fgkjf [hde~| ~` êh|[jy`{~& Yfjg|j Lfhlo Ej{j

^` Dj~ C`{j Y{hrg~j Fgkjf Là~ja~ & Yfjg|j Rh|h~`z{ YF[ \~`{j

Teg~ H| Y`nlg|~had0

Y`nlg|~had h| g cj~e`n `b yzkfh|ehad gznh` k{`gnlg|~| rhg ~ej Ha~j{aj~&gff`thad z|j{| ~` |zk|l{hkj ~` g bjjn `b ajt bhfj| %z|zgffx CY& fg{djfx ~` gz~`cg~j n`taf`gnhad `bgznh` à~` y`{~gkfj yfgxj{| `{ yj{|àgf l`cyz~j{|!

êj t`{n +y`nlg|~had+ h| g y`{~cga~jgz ~eg~ l`ckhaj| ~ej t`{n|+k{`gnlg|~had+ gan +hY`n!+ êj ~j{c lga kj ch|fjgnhad |halj ajh~ej{y`nlg|~had a`{ fh|~jahad ~` y`nlg|~| {jwzh{j| ga hY`n `{ gax y`{~gkfjcz|hl yfgxj{! B`{ ~eg~ {jg|à& |halj \jy~jckj{ ;99> rg{h`z| t{h~j{|egrj |zddj|~jn {jha~j{y{j~had ~ej fj~~j{| Y@N ~` l{jg~j +kglo{àxc|+|zle g| +Yj{|àgf @a#Njcgan!+ E`tjrj{& ~ej t`{n h| {g{jfx y{j|ja~jng| +Y@Nlg|~had!+

Y`nlg|~had h| nh|~hal~ b{`c `~ej{ ~xyj| `b àfhaj cjnhg njfhrj{x

kjlgz|j `b h~| |zk|l{hy~hà c`njf& tehle z|j| ~ej [\\ ;!9 UCF %`{[NB UCF( b`{cg~ ~` njfhrj{ ga jalf`|jn bhfj! Y`nlg|~had jagkfj|hanjyjanja~ y{`nzlj{| ~` l{jg~j |jfb#yzkfh|ejn& |xanhlg~jn +{gnh`|e`t|&+ gan dhrj| k{`gnlg|~ {gnh` y{`d{gc| g ajt nh|~{hkz~hàcj~e`n! Fh|~jaj{| cgx |zk|l{hkj ~` bjjn| z|had +y`nlg~lehad+|`b~tg{j %g ~xyj `b gdd{jdg~`{(& tehle yj{h`nhlgffx lejlo| b`{ gann`taf`gn| ajt là~ja~ gz~`cg~hlgffx! \`cj y`nlg~lehad |`b~tg{j h|

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6/71



gf|` gkfj ~` |xale{`ah|j %l`yx( y`nlg|~| ~` y`{~gkfj cz|hl yfgxj{|!Gax nhdh~gf gznh` yfgxj{ `{ l`cyz~j{ th~e gznh`#yfgxhad |`b~tg{j lgayfgx y`nlg|~|! ^ej |gcj ~jleahwzj lga njfhrj{ rhnj` bhfj|& gan kx ;99:|`cj gdd{jdg~`{| l`zfn yfgx rhnj` g| tjff g| gznh`!

Hah~hgf njrjf`ycja~

Kx ;99


7/71



Kx @l~`kj{ ;99>& nj~ghfjn e`t#~` y`nlg|~ g{~hlfj| egn kjdza ~`gyyjg{ àfhaj! Kx Mzfx ;99:& g D``dfj |jg{le b`{ +$e`t ~`$ y`nlg|~+{j~z{ajn ;&9:9&999 eh~|!Hanjyjanja~fx `b ~ej njrjf`ycja~ `b Y`nlg|~had gan h~| nh|~{hkz~hàrhg [\\& ga hnjg ~eg~ {j|jckfj| Y`nlg|~had tg| njrjf`yjn g~ L`cygw

[j|jg{le g| jg{fx g| 7888 `{ ;999! Lgffjn Y`loj~NM& h~ t`zfn egrjkjja fgzalejn g| g |j{rhlj b`{ ~ej Yj{|àgf Mzojkù `{ g y{`y`|jn|zllj||`{& ~ej bh{|~ eg{n#nh|o kg|jn CY


8/71



~hcj& Z\G ^`ngx {jy`{~jn g lh{lzfg~hà `b ;!2 chffhà& ~ej fg{dj|~ `bgax ygyj{ ha ~ej Zah~jn \~g~j|! êj |~`{x `b y`nlg|~had tg| dj~~hadg{`zan!

êj ^`y ^ja y{`d{gc| cja~hàjn g~ ~eg~ ~hcj dgrj |`cj hanhlg~hà `b

y`nlg|~ ~`yhl|= b`z{ tj{j gk`z~ ~jlea`f`dx %halfznhad Lz{{x$| +Nghfx\`z{lj L`nj&+ tehle gf|` halfznjn cz|hl gan yj{|àgf leg~(& ~e{jjtj{j gk`z~ cz|hl& àj gk`z~ c`rhj|& àj gk`z~ y`fh~hl|& gan ## g~ ~ej~hcj A`! 7 à ~ej fh|~ ## +êj Ngta gan N{jt \e`t&+ nj|l{hkjn g|+cg{{hjn#l`zyfj kga~j{&+ g y{`d{gc b`{cg~ ~eg~ Z\G ^`ngx$| Cg{l` [!njffg Lgrg a`~jn tg| wzh~j y`yzfg{ à Gcj{hlga k{`gnlg|~ {gnh` ha ~ej78>9|!

Tehfj Z\G ^`ngx tg| d``n g~ {jlgffhad ~ej yg|~& h~| |~`{x tg| fj|||zllj||bzf gk`z~ ~ej ajg{ bz~z{j= H~ y{jnhl~jn ~eg~ Gyyfj L`cyz~j{tg| +ha g y{hcj y`|h~hà ~` cgoj y`nlg|~had |hdahbhlga~fx jg|hj{ kz~y{`kgkfx tà$~!+ Njffg Lgrg |ghn Gyyfj egn +hda`{jn {jwzj|~| b{`cLz{{x gan `~ej{ ~jlea`f`dh|~| ~` nh|lz|| ~ej cg~~j{& gan njlfhajn Z\G^@NGX$| ha~j{rhjt {jwzj|~| b`{ ~eh| |~`{x!+

Ha Mzaj& ;99:& Gyyfj gnnjn y`nlg|~had ~` h~| h^zaj| cz|hl |`b~tg{j&|~gohad g lfghc ~` ~ej ajt cjnhzc h~| hY`n egn ejfyjn ha|yh{j ganagcj! %\jj L`yhad Th~e D{`t~e& kjf`t!(

Gn`y~hà kx ~{gnh~hàgf k{`gnlg|~j{|

^{gnh~hàgf k{`gnlg|~j{| tj{j ju~{jcjfx wzhlo ~` yhlo zy à ~ejy`nlg|~had b`{cg~& j|yjlhgffx ~e`|j te`|j ajt| `{ ~gfo b`{cg~| |yg{jn~ejc ~ej l`cyfhlg~hà| `b cz|hl fhlja|had! êj Gcj{hlga |xanhlg~jn{gnh` |e`t Tjk ^gfo [gnh` kjlgcj ~ej bh{|~ ~` gn`y~ ~ej b`{cg~& ha\jy~jckj{ ;99>& b`ff`tjn th~eha tjjo| kx \jg~~fj ajt| {gnh` |~g~hàO@C@ gan kx hanhrhnzgf y{`d{gc| b{`c OBH F`| Gadjfj| gan K`|~à$|TDKE!

êj KKL kjdga g ~{hgf ha @l~`kj{ ;99> th~e KKL [gnh` Bhrj Fhrj$|Bhde~had ^gfo! êj|j ~{hgf| tj{j ju~janjn ha Mgazg{x ;99: ~` KKL

[gnh` >$| Ha @z{ ^hcj! Mgazg{x ;99: gf|` |gt LKL kjdha g ~{hgf th~eh~| ~jlea`f`dx |e`t /Aj{n! Zah~jn \~g~j| Ag~hàgf Yzkfhl [gnh`gbbhfhg~j| TAXL gan OL[T gn`y~jn ~ej b`{cg~ b`{ cgax `b ~ejh{y{`nzl~hà|! Ha Gy{hf ;99: ~ej KKL gaa`zaljn h~ tg| ju~janhad ~ej~{hgf ~` ~tja~x c`{j y{`d{gccj|& halfznhad cz|hl {gnh` gan ha ~ej|gcj cà~e Gz|~{gfhg$| GKL fgzalejn g y`nlg|~had ~{hgf gl{`|| |jrj{gf`b h~| ag~hàgf |~g~hà|!

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9/71



Ha Cgx& ;99:& ~ej ~{jan kjdga ~` d` ~ej `~ej{ tgx& th~e gcg~jz{y`nlg|~| kjl`chad g |`z{lj `b là~ja~ b`{ k{`gnlg|~ {gnh` y{`d{gc|kx Gngc Lz{{x& Le{h|~`yej{ Fxnà gan `~ej{|!

L`yhad th~e d{`t~e

Tehfj y`nlg|~had$| haa`rg~`{| ~`ò gnrga~gdj `b ~ej |`zan#bhfj|xale{àh}g~hà bjg~z{j `b Gyyfj L`cyz~j{$| hY`n gan h^zaj| |`b~tg{j## gan halfznjn +y`n+ ha ~ej agcj ## ~ej ~jlea`f`dx tg| gftgx|l`cyg~hkfj th~e `~ej{ yfgxj{| gan y{`d{gc|! Gyyfj tg| a`~ gl~hrjfxhar`frjn za~hf chn#;99:& teja h~ m`hajn ~ej cg{oj~ à ~e{jj b{à~|= g|g |`z{lj `b +y`nlg~lej{+ |`b~tg{j& g| yzkfh|ej{ `b g y`nlg|~ nh{jl~`{x&gan g| y{`rhnj{ `b ~z~`{hgf| à e`t ~` l{jg~j y`nlg|~| th~e Gyyfjy{`nzl~| Dg{gdjKgan gan Wzhlo~hcj Y{`!

êj y`nlg|~had |jfjl~hà rhjt| `b h^zaj| >!8

Teja h~ gnnjn g y`nlg|~#|zk|l{hy~hà bjg~z{j ~` h~| Mzaj ;5& ;99:&{jfjg|j `b h^zaj| >!8& Gyyfj gf|` fgzalejn g nh{jl~`{x `b y`nlg|~| g~~ej h^zaj| Cz|hl \~`{j& |~g{~had th~e #e`z{ yj{h`n& tehle juyfgha| ~ej thfn

bfzl~zg~hà| ha ~`y#;9 ygajf {gaohad|& hah~hgffx |z|yjl~jn ~` kj gagl~hrj l`za~ `b ~`~gf azckj{ `b y`nlg|~ |zk|l{hkj{|!

\`cj y`nlg|~j{| b`zan ~eg~ juy`|z{j ~` h^zaj|$ ezdj azckj{ `bn`taf`gnj{| ~e{jg~jajn ~` cgoj d{jg~ njcgan| à ~ejh{ kganthn~egan {jfg~jn juyja|j|! Y`||hkfj |`fz~hà| tj{j y{`y`|jn& halfznhad ~ejgnnh~hà `b g là~ja~ njfhrj{x |x|~jc& |zle g| Gogcgh? g yjj{#~`#yjj{|`fz~hà& Kh~^`{{ja~? `{ z|j `b b{jj e`|~had |j{rhlj|& |zle g| ~e`|j`bbj{jn kx @z{cjnhg& KfhyCjnhg gan ~ej Ha~j{aj~ G{lehrj!

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10/71



L{jg~j Y`nlg|~| Z|had X`z{ YLkx Mgoj Fznhad~à

êh| ~hcj g{`zan& H$c tgfohad ~e{`zde ~ej |~jy| {jwzh{jn ~` {jl`{n gany`|~ x`z{ `ta y`nlg|~ z|had ~``f| rh{~zgffx jrj{xàj eg| `{ lga jg|hfxglwzh{j à g ~hax kzndj~! Zf~hcg~jfx& hb x`z njlhnj ~` y`nlg|~ à g{jdzfg{ kg|h|& |`cj jwzhycja~ zyd{gnj| |zle g| ~ej y`nlg|~{jl`{nhad oh~ H {jlja~fx nj~ghfjn g~ MgojFznhad~à!l`c thff n{g|~hlgffxhcy{`rj ~ej |`zan wzgfh~x! ^` fjg{a ~ej y{`lj||& ~e`zde& x`z nà$~ajjn gax~ehad bgalx!

Njyjanhad à tej~ej{ x`z gf{jgnx egrj àj `b ~e`|j lejgychl{`yeàj| ~eg~ ~ej @JC njgfj{| kzanfj th~e YL|& x`z lga {jl`{n gy`nlg|~ th~e`z~ |yjanhad g nhcj! Hb x`z nà$~ egrj g kzanfjnchl{`yeàj& ~ej ~eh{n#yg{~x jwzhrgfja~ l`|~| kj~tjja .5 gan .7: g~rg{h`z| jfjl~{àhl| {j~ghfj{|!

êj `~ej{ yhjlj `b eg{ntg{j x`z ajjn h| g |j~ `b ejgnyeàj|!Ejgnyeàj| g{j hcy`{~ga~ kjlgz|j gf~e`zde x`z ajjn ~` càh~`{ x`z{{jl`{njn r`hlj& x`z nà$~ tga~ ~ej chl{`yeàj ~` yhlo zy |`zanl`chad b{`c nj|o~`y |yjgoj{|! Hnjgffx& ejgnyeàj| ~eg~ l`rj{ x`z{

jg{| n` ~ej kj|~ m`k `b h|`fg~had x`z{ {jl`{nhad |`zan b{`c `~ej{ gznh`nh|~{gl~hà|! Jg{kzn| cgoj ga gbb`{ngkfj gf~j{ag~hrj!

H {jl`ccjan |~g{~had `z~ th~e Gznglh~x& ga `yja |`z{lj gznh`{jl`{nhad gyyfhlg~hà! H fhoj h~ |` czle& H k`zde~ g ^#|eh{~ b{`c ~ejl`cygax ~` |e`t cx |zyy`{~! Gznglh~x `bbj{| g |`fhn l`cyfjcja~ `bjnh~had bjg~z{j| th~e ga ha~j{bglj |hcyfj ja`zde b`{ g a`rhlj! H~`z~yz~| CY


11/71



YL g{j {jl`ccjanjn ~` ojjy x`z{ |x|~jc {zaahad |c``~efx nz{had{jl`{nhad!

Gb~j{ x`z fgzale Gznglh~x& cgoj |z{j Chl{`yeàj h| |jfjl~jn g| ~ej{jl`{nhad |`z{lj ha ~ej n{`y#n`ta cjaz à ~ej chuj{ ~``fkg{!

Bhdz{j 7! Làbhdz{j Chl{`yeàj g| x`z{ {jl`{nhad |`z{lj

@yja ~ej Gznglh~x Y{jbj{jalj| than`t b{`c ~ej Bhfj cjaz! @a ~ejGznh` H/@ ~gk& rj{hbx ~eg~ x`z{ |`zan lg{n h| |jfjl~jn g| ~ej njrhlj b`{k`~e yfgxkglo gan {jl`{nhad! Ha ~ej Legaajf| n{`y#n`ta kù zanj{[jl`{nhad& le``|j 7 %Cà`(! Zafj|| x`z g{j z|had ~t` chl{`yeàj|&~ej \~j{j` `y~hà |hcyfx nzyfhlg~j| ~ej ~{glo& cgohad ~ej bhfj |h}jkhddj{ th~e`z~ g {j|zf~had hcy{`rjcja~ ~` gznh` bhnjfh~x!

Bhdz{j ;! \j~ ~ej gznh` {jl`{nhad Legaajf| |jfjl~hà ~` Cà`

\th~le ~` ~ej Wzgfh~x ~gk& gan le``|j >>&799 E} g| ~ej Njbgzf~ \gcyfj[g~j gan 72#kh~ g| ~ej Njbgzf~ \gcyfj B`{cg~! Gznh`yehfj| thff g{dzj~eg~ ehdej{ |gcyfj {g~j| gan b`{cg~| g{j kj~~j{& kz~ b`{ |yòja t`{n&>>&799 E} gan 72#kh~ |gcyfhad t`{o| gnch{gkfx& j|yjlhgffx là|hnj{had

Y@NLG\^HAD Y[@NZL^\




12/71



~eg~ ~ej {j|zf~had `z~yz~ thff kj CY

Bhdz{j

êj Bhfj B`{cg~| ~gk làbhdz{j| `z~yz~ `y~hà|! Le``|j TGR %Chl{`|`b~72 kh~ YLC( g| ~ej Zal`cy{j||jn Juy`{~ B`{cg~! Fjgrj ~ej @DDJuy`{~ \j~zy za~`zlejn! êja& bhan ~ej f`lg~hà g~ tehle x`zju~{gl~jn ~ej Fgcj l`njl ~` gnn h~ ~` Gznglh~x kx lfhlohad à ~ej BhanFhk{g{x kz~~à gan k{`t|had ~` ~ej bhfj f`lg~hà! H djaj{gffx za}hy ~ejFgcj l`njl ~` L=VFGCJ|` H lga bhan h~ jg|hfx& kz~ ~ej{j$| a` +{hde~+f`lg~hà! @alj x`z$rj gnnjn Fgcj |zyy`{~& lf`|j ~ej Gznglh~xY{jbj{jalj| than`t kx lfhlohad à @O!

Y@NLG\^HAD Y[@NZL^\




13/71



Bhdz{j >! Làbhdz{j `z~yz~ `y~hà|

[jgnx ~` [jl`{n

Lfhlo à ~ej chl{`yeàj hlà ha Gznglh~x$| Cj~j{ ~``fkg{ ~` ~z{a à

càh~`{had! X`z |e`zfn |jj g {jn fjrjf hanhlg~`{ c`rhad |fhde~fx g| h~yhlo| zy gckhja~ {``c a`h|j! ^gfo ha~` ~ej chl{`yeàj gan cgojgnmz|~cja~| ~` ~ej r`fzcj za~hf x`z dj~ g fjrjf ~eg~ {h|j| lf`|j ~` ~ej{hde~ jndj `b ~ej cj~j{ th~e`z~ ~z{ahad ~ej bg{#{hde~ |jl~hà |`fhn {jn!Hb x`z dj~ g |`fhn {jn kg{ g~ ~ej bg{ {hde~& ~ej gznh` h| lfhyyhad& tehlecjga| x`z{ bhah|ejn bhfj thff |`zan nh|~`{~jn! @alj x`z$rj gnmz|~jn ~ejfjrjf& x`z${j {jgnx ~` {jl`{n!

Bhdz{j :! Gl~hrg~j r`fzcj#fjrjf càh~`{had

Th~e gff ~ej y{jyg{g~hà| `z~ `b ~ej tgx& h~$| ~hcj ~` l{jg~j x`z{ bh{|~y`nlg|~! Yz|e ~ej [jl`{n kz~~à gan |~g{~ ~gfohad! Teja x`z bhah|e{jl`{nhad& y{j|| ~ej xjff`t |wzg{j \~`y kz~~à gan |grj ~ej bhfj ha!tgrb`{cg~! \grhad h| ga hcy`{~ga~ |~jy& ha `{nj{ ~` cgoj |z{j x`znà$~ gllhnja~gffx njfj~j ~ej bhfj!

Y@NLG\^HAD Y[@NZL^\




14/71



Bhdz{j 2! Gznglh~x {jl`{nhad là~{`f|

H~$| ~hcj ~` jnh~ ~ej gznh` bhfj `{ |grj h~ g| ga CY< b`{ nh|~{hkz~hà g|x`z{ bh{|~ y`nlg|~! Jnh~had lga kj g| |hcyfj g| jfhchag~had gff ~ejyfglj| x`z |ghn +zc+ kx ehdefhde~had ~ejc gan njfj~had ~ejc& `{ g|l`cyfju g| gnnhad g cz|hl kjn gan ha|j{~had `~ej{ gznh` lfhy| ha~` ~ej{jl`{njn bhfj! ^` ojjy ~eh| |hcyfj& tj$ff g||zcj x`z${j g àj#~gojtànj{ gan x`z {jlh~jn g d`fnja cà`f`dzj b`{ x`z{ bh{|~ y`nlg|~!

^` |grj ~ej bhfj g| ga CY9gaazgf |zk|l{hy~hà! C`rgkfj ^xyj h| ga`~ej{ gf~j{ag~hrj? h~$| b{jj b`{yj{|àgf z|j gan eg| |zyy`{~ b`{ jalf`|z{j| hb x`z ha|~gff g b{jj yfzdha!\jrj{gf `~ej{ gf~j{ag~hrj| gf|` juh|~! Jalf`|z{j| g{j j||ja~hgffx gcj~e`n ~` fj~ ajt| gdd{jdg~hà lfhja~| fhoj BjjnNjcà& Ajt|dg~`{& `{N`yyfj{ oa`t ~ej{j$| g bhfj g~~glecja~ g||`lhg~jn th~e ga [\\ bjjnja~{x! G||zchad x`z g{j z|had g kf`ddhad ~``f th~e |zyy`{~ b`{jalf`|z{j|& x`z |hcyfx ~xyj g kf`d y`|~ g| x`z a`{cgffx t`zfn& ganz|j g |~gang{n E[JB fhao ~` ~ej CY< x`z zyf`gnjn ~` x`z{ |j{rj{! êjkf`ddhad |`b~tg{j nj~j{chaj| ~eg~ ~ej fhao |e`zfn kj ga jalf`|z{j ha[\\ kg|jn à ~ej bhfj ~xyj& gan h~ cgoj| ga gyy{`y{hg~j gnnh~hà ~`

~ej [\\ bjjn!

Hb x`z{ kf`ddhad ~``f n`j|a$~ |zyy`{~ jalf`|z{j| %Kf`ddj{& b`{ ha|~galj&lz{{ja~fx n`j|a$~(& x`z lga djaj{g~j ga b{jj [\\ bjjn th~e gBjjnKz{aj{ gll`za~& tehle thff |zyy`{~ jalf`|z{j|! BjjnKz{aj{ `bbj{|g |~{ghde~b`{tg{n th}g{n ~` tgfo x`z ~e{`zde ~ej y{`lj||! @alj x`zegrj ~ej BjjnKz{aj{ bjjn l{jg~jn& x`z y{`c`~j ~ej fhao ~` ~ejBjjnKz{aj{ bjjn gan jal`z{gdj yj`yfj ~` |zk|l{hkj!

Y@NLG\^HAD Y[@NZL^\


http://radio.userland.com/http://www.sixapart.com/movabletype/http://brandon.fuller.name/archives/hacks/mtenclosures/http://www.feedburner.com/http://radio.userland.com/http://www.sixapart.com/movabletype/http://brandon.fuller.name/archives/hacks/mtenclosures/http://www.feedburner.com/


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Ha jgle `b ~ej|j lg|j|& ~ej yzkfhlg~hà y{`lj|| h| bgh{fx |hchfg{! Zyf`gn~ej CY< ~` tej{jrj{ x`z egrj Tjk |yglj lgygkfj `b |~`{had bhfj|!Cgoj g kf`d ja~{x mz|~ fhoj x`z a`{cgffx t`zfn& th~e g ~h~fj& fhao& gannj|l{hy~hà! Fhao ~` ~ej CY< ha ~ej kf`d nj|l{hy~hà gan y`|~ x`z{ja~{x!

Hb x`z tga~ ~` ojjy x`z{ y`nlg|~ |jyg{g~j b{`c {jdzfg{ kf`d y`|~had|&`{ hb x`z nà$~ lz{{ja~fx egrj g kf`d& ~ej |hcyfj|~ tgx H$rj b`zan ~`yzkfh|e g y`nlg|~ h| ~` |hda zy b`{ ~ej .: gll`za~ g~ Fhkj{g~jn\xanhlg~hà gan b`ff`t h~| y`nlg|~ yzkfh|ehad th}g{n! êj |j{rhljgz~`cg~hlgffx zyf`gn| x`z{ CY< bhfj& gan l{jg~j| ~ej [\\ bjjn gankf`d y`|~ g||`lhg~jn th~e ~ej y`nlg|~& gff ha àj jg|x |~jy! H z|jC`rgkfj ^xyj b`{ gff cx {jdzfg{ y`nlg|~had gan kf`ddhad& kz~ gcgcg}jn g~ ~ej |hcyfhlh~x `b z|had Fhkj{g~jn \xanhlg~hà! H l{jg~jn grj{x kg|hl |h~j g~ ~ej |j{rhlj ~` njcà|~{g~j ~ej `z~yz~!

Mgoj Fznhad~à h| ~ej gz~e`{ `b ~ej kj|~#|jffhad dzhnj Làrj{~had RE\~` NRN! Ej yzkfh|ej| gznh` gan rhnj` ~hy| g~CjnhgKfgk!l`c!

Y@NLG\^HAD Y[@NZL^\


http://www.libsyn.com/http://www.libsyn.com/http://jakeludington.libsyn.com/http://www.windowsdevcenter.com/pub/au/2170http://www.convertfromvhs.com/http://www.convertfromvhs.com/http://www.mediablab.com/http://www.libsyn.com/http://www.libsyn.com/http://jakeludington.libsyn.com/http://www.windowsdevcenter.com/pub/au/2170http://www.convertfromvhs.com/http://www.convertfromvhs.com/http://www.mediablab.com/


16/71



Cgohad g Y`nlg|~ th~e Kf`ddj{ gan BjjnKz{aj{

Kf`ddj{ h| a`~ `z{ bh{|~ le`hlj b`{ tjkf`d#kg|jn y`nlg|~had! C`rgkfj

^xyj gan T`{ny{j|| g{j kj~~j{ |`fz~hà| b`{ cgax y`nlg|~j{|&kjlgz|j ~ejx `bbj{ kj~~j{ |zyy`{~ b`{ y`nlg|~had& c`{j y`tj{ gand{jg~j{ bfjuhkhfh~x!

Ajrj{~ejfj||& cgax y`nlg|~j{| g{j bhanhad Kf`ddj{ ~` kj g d``n|~g{~had yfglj ~` juyj{hcja~ th~e y`nlg|~had! Kf`ddj{ h| g b{jj |j{rhlj&gan dj~~had |~g{~jn h| g| jg|x g| bhffhad `z~ |`cj b`{c| à ~ej tjk!

Ej{j$| g wzhlo dzhnj ~` kzhfnhad g y`nlg|~ th~e Kf`ddj{! X`z |e`zfn kjgkfj ~` |j~ zy g y`nlg|~ z|had Kf`ddj{ gan BjjnKz{aj{ ha gk`z~ ~ej~hcj h~ ~goj| b`{ gff ~ej hcgdj| à ~eh| ygdj ~` bhah|e f`gnhad'

êh| e`t#~` g||zcj| ~eg~ x`z gf{jgnx egrj l{jg~jn x`z{ y`nlg|~ CY!8 Zyd{gnj th~e Y`nlg|~had \zyyy`{~kx ^! F! Ygohh Yhj{lj g~ 92=;5YC %JN^( à Mzaj ;5& ;99: v Yj{cgaja~Fhao v L`|c`|Rhg Chl{`yj{|zg|hà& h^zaj| a`t eg| |zyy`{~ b`{ Y`nlg|~|! G~ ~ej ~hcj`b ~eh| t{h~had& h^zaj| >!5!u n`j|a$~ nj~jl~ ~ej ajt >!8!u zyng~j xj~ hbx`z d` ~` ~ej Lejlo B`{ h^zaj| Zyng~j| b{`c ~ej Ejfy cjaz ha h^zaj|!X`z lga d` ej{j ~` n`taf`gn ~eh| fg~j|~ rj{|hà `b h^zaj| |`b~tg{j!

Teg~$| ajt ha h^zaj| >!8Th~e h^zaj| >!8& x`z lga a`t k{`t|j gan |zk|l{hkj ~` y`nlg|~| b{`c

th~eha ~ej h^zaj| Cz|hl \~`{j! Y`nlg|~| g{j b{jwzja~fx zyng~jn {gnh`#|~xfj |e`t| n`taf`gngkfj `rj{ ~ej Ha~j{aj~! X`z lga gf|` ~{ga|bj{y`nlg|~| ~` hY`n& b`{ fh|~jahad à ~ej d`!

Dj~~had \~g{~had th~e h^zaj| Y`nlg|~|@aj `b ~ej bh{|~ ~ehad| x`z thff a`~hlj gb~j{ x`z

Y@NLG\^HAD Y[@NZL^\


http://www.podcastingnews.com/topics/Podcast_Software.htmlhttp://openwindow%28%27http//blogforfunandprofit.blogware.com/blog/cmd=view_user/username=tlpierce3',%20'info',%20450,%20600);http://blogforfunandprofit.blogware.com/blog/_archives/2005/6/28/982027.htmlhttp://blogforfunandprofit.blogware.com/blog/_archives/2005/6/28/982027.htmlhttp://technorati.com/cosmos/search.html?url=http%3A%2F%2Fblogforfunandprofit.blogware.com%2Fblog%2F_archives%2F2005%2F6%2F28%2F982027.htmlhttp://www.micropersuasion.com/2005/06/itunes_upgrade_.htmlhttp://www.apple.com/itunes/http://www.apple.com/itunes/download/http://www.podcastingnews.com/topics/Podcast_Software.htmlhttp://openwindow%28%27http//blogforfunandprofit.blogware.com/blog/cmd=view_user/username=tlpierce3',%20'info',%20450,%20600);http://blogforfunandprofit.blogware.com/blog/_archives/2005/6/28/982027.htmlhttp://blogforfunandprofit.blogware.com/blog/_archives/2005/6/28/982027.htmlhttp://technorati.com/cosmos/search.html?url=http%3A%2F%2Fblogforfunandprofit.blogware.com%2Fblog%2F_archives%2F2005%2F6%2F28%2F982027.htmlhttp://www.micropersuasion.com/2005/06/itunes_upgrade_.htmlhttp://www.apple.com/itunes/http://www.apple.com/itunes/download/


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zyd{gnj ~` h^zaj| >!8 h| ~eg~ ha ~ej \`z{lj| fh|~ à ~ej fjb~ |hnj `b ~ejh^zaj| |`b~tg{j %tehle cgagdj| gan `{dgah}j| x`z{ cz|hl( là~gha| gajt |`z{lj b`{ y`nlg|~|! êj|j |`z{lj| g{j fhoj rh|zgf b`fnj{| ~eg~hnja~hbx tej{j x`z{ gznh` bhfj| g{j& tej{j ~ejx g{j |`z{ljn b{`c gane`t x`z egrj ~ejc `{dgah}jn g| yfgxfh|~|!

Rj{x ejfybzf b`{ cgagdhad x`z{ cz|~ gan rj{x jg|x ~` z|j g| tjff g|kjhad ha~zh~hrj! B`{ jugcyfj& ha ~ej hcgdj ~` ~ej {hde~ x`z thff gf|` |jj[gnh` gan Cz|hl \~`{j! êh| h| gan jg|x tgx ~eg~ h^zaj| gff`t| x`z ~`gllj|| ~e`z|gan| `b gznh` bhfj| ~e{`zde ~ej h^zaj| cz|hl |~`{j `{gllj|| cgax Ha~j{aj~ [gnh` |~g~hà| b`{ |~{jgchad {gnh` k{`gnlg|~|th~e h^zaj|!

E`t Y`nlg|~| th~e h^zaj| >!8 T`{o|^` gllj|| Y`nlg|~| ~e{`zde h^zaj| x`z |jfjl~ ~ej y`nlg|~| \`z{lj ganx`z thff |jj ga jcy~x yfgxfh|~! G~ ~ej k`~~`c `b h^zaj|& x`z thff |jj~ej `y~hà Y`nlg|~ Nh{jl~`{x! \hcyfx y{j|| ~eg~ `y~hà th~e x`z{c`z|j y`ha~j{ gan x`z thff kj ~goja ~` ~ej h^zaj| Y`nlg|~ Nh{jl~`{x!

Bhdz{j ;! h^zaj| Y`nlg|~ Nh{jl~`{x

B{`c ~ej h^zaj| Y`nlg|~ Nh{jl~`{x x`z egrj wzhlo gllj|| ~` ~ej c`|~y`yzfg{ y`nlg|~| kz~ x`z lga n{hff n`ta ha~` lg~jd`{hj| b`{ g thnj{|jfjl~hà g| tjff! H fhoj c`rhj| gan c`rhj {jrhjt| |` H |jfjl~jn C`rhj|" ^jfjrh|hà b{`c ~ej h^zaj| Y`nlg|~ Nh{jl~`{x gan h^zaj| a`t

Y@NLG\^HAD Y[@NZL^\


http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Podcastshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Podcastshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Podcastshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Podcasts


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y{j|ja~| ~ej bzff fh|~ `b grghfgkfj y`nlg|~| th~eha ~eg~ lg~jd`{x g| |jjaha Bhdz{j < kjf`t!

Bhdz{j


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Bhdz{j >! \jfjl~had gan L`abh{chad Y`nlg|~ \zk|l{hy~h`a

Bhdz{j :! N`taf`gnhad Y`nlg|~ ha~` h^zaj|

Y@NLG\^HAD Y[@NZL^\




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Yzkfh|ehad X`z{Y`nlg|~ ~` h^zaj|Yzkfh|ehad x`z{ y`nlg|~ ~` h^zaj| h| g| |hcyfj g| |zkch~~had x`z{y`nlg|~ [\\ bjjn fhao ~` ~ej h^zaj| nh{jl~`{x! X`z$ff ajjn ~` egrj gh^zaj| gll`za~ %b{jj( ha `{nj{ ~` n` |` g| x`z thff g|ojn b`{ x`z{

h^zaj| f`dha l{jnja~hgf|!

Gff x`z n` h| lfhlo ~ej Yzkfh|e G Y`nlg|~fhao b{`c ~ej cgha Y`nlg|~Nh{jl~`{x ygdj ha h^zaj| f`lg~jn ha ~ej zyyj{ fjb~ `b ~ej ygdj %|jjBhdz{j ; gk`rj( gan x`z thff kj |~jyyjn ~e{`zde ~ej y{`lj|| jg|hfx!\jj ~ej b`ff`thad bhdz{j| 2 gan 4 kjf`t!

Bhdz{j 2! \zkch~ X`z{ Y`nlg|~ Bjjn Z[F

Y@NLG\^HAD Y[@NZL^\




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Bhdz{j 4! Làbh{c \j~~had|& ~eja Yzkfh|e

@alj x`z làbh{c |j~~had| x`z ~eja lfhlo ~ejyzkfh|e kz~~à gan x`zdj~ g làbh{cg~hà ygdj hab`{chad x`z ~eg~ x`z{ y`nlg|~ thff kj{jrhjtjn kjb`{j kjhad grghfgkfj ha ~ej h^zaj| y`nlg|~ nh{jl~`{x!

êj y`nlg|~ |j~~had| ha h^zaj| g{j y{j~~x |~{ghde~ b`{tg{n! X`z lga |j~h^zaj| ~` lejlo b`{ ajtfx yzkfh|ejn y`nlg|~| ~eg~ x`z g{j |zk|l{hkjn~` g~ +jrj{x e`z{+& +jrj{x ngx+& +jrj{x tjjo+& `{ +cgazgffx+! X`z lga~eja ~jff h~zaj| e`t ~` eganfj x`z{ n`taf`gn| teja ajt y`nlg|~| g{jnj~jl~jn! X`z lga +n`taf`gn gff+ ajt jyh|`nj|& +n`taf`gn ~ej c`|~{jlja~ àj+& `{ egrj h^zaj| +n` a`~ehad+! Fg|~fx& ~ej{j h| g {j~ja~hà|j~~had tej{j x`z lga ~jff h^zaj| ~` ojjy jyh|`nj| kg|jn à +gff+& +gffzayfgxjn+& +c`|~ {jlja~+ `{ +fg|~ %b{`c fg|~ ; ~` 79 jyh|`nj|(+!

êh| h| ga`~ej{ d{jg~ fjrj{gdj `yy`{~zah~x b`{ yzkfh|ej{|! Mz|~ fhoj

Xge`` d`had ~` ga [\\ lja~{hl nh{jl~`{x th~e Cx Xge``& yzkfh|ej{|kjajbh~ b{`c ~ej cg{oj~had gan jnzlg~hà ~eg~ Xge`` h| n`had ~`hal{jg|j juy`|z{j gan z|gdj `b [\\ b`{ lz|~`c ajt|! Th~e ezan{jn|`b ~e`z|gan| `b Cx Xge`` z|j{|& x`z àfx egrj ~` yfglj x`z{ [\\ bjjnha Cx Xge`` gan x`z jam`x ~ej kjajbh~ `b Xge``$| y{`c` jbb`{~|!

H^zaj| y{j|ja~| g |hchfg{ `yy`{~zah~x! H^zaj| h| àj `b ~ej ~`y nhdh~gfn`taf`gn| |~`y| à ~ej Ha~j{aj~ ~`ngx hb a`~ ~ej ~`y n`taf`gn |h~j!

Y@NLG\^HAD Y[@NZL^\


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Th~e ~ejh{ >!8 {jfjg|j ~ejx g{j y{`c`~had y`nlg|~| ~` ~ejh{ gl~hrj z|j{kg|j! êg~ l`zfn {j|zf~ ha juyàja~hgf juy`|z{j b`{ x`z ganjuyàja~hgf d{`ta ha |zk|l{hkj{| ~` x`z{ y`nlg|~ kx |zkch~~had x`z{y`nlg|~ bjjn ~` ~ej h^zaj| nh{jl~`{x tehfj fj~~had h^zaj| ~goj lg{j `b~ej y{`c` jbb`{~| b`{ djaj{g~had ha~j{j|~ ha ~ejh{ y`nlg|~ nh{jl~`{x!

\zkch~~had x`z{ y`nlg|~ h| b{jj kx ~ej tgx!

h^zaj|& H ~ehao& h| j|yjlhgffx y`tj{bzf ~` y`nlg|~j{| kjlgz|j g| g z|j{`b h^zaj| gan ga hY`n& H ~ehao h^zaj| h| rj{x d``n g~ y{`c`~had ajtbjg~z{j| gan djaj{g~had ha~j{j|~ ha k{`t|had gan ha kzxhad n`taf`gn|!H~ h|a$~ mz|~ ~ej k{gan g| czle g| H ~ehao ~eg~ ~ejx y{`rhnj g kzxhadgan z|j{ juyj{hjalj ~eg~ h| |jlàn ~` aàj! @alj x`z |~g{~ z|hadh^zaj| b`{ cz|hl n`taf`gn| h~ {jgffx legadj| ~ej tgx x`z yz{leg|jgan là|zcj cz|hl! A`t ~eg~ ~ejx egrj gnnjn y`nlg|~had gan egrj gnjnhlg~jn y`nlg|~ nh{jl~`{x& h~ thff kj ha~j{j|~had ~` |jj e`t y`nlg|~yzkfh|ej{| kjajbh~ b{`c kjhad g yg{~ `b ~ej h^zaj| nh{jl~`{x gan e`t~eg~ juy`|z{j cjg|z{j| zy gdgha|~ `~ej{ y`nlg|~ nh{jl~`{hj| grghfgkfjha ~j{c| `b hal{jg|had juy`|z{j gan dj~~had |zk|l{hkj{|!

H~ h| kjhad y{`mjl~jn ~eg~ Gyyfj thff |ehy c`{j ~ega ! êj|j azckj{| lj{~ghafx y{j|ja~ gl`cyjffhad lg|j b`{ |zkch~~had x`z{ y`nlg|~ bjjn ~` ~ej h^zaj|

nh{jl~`{x!

Y@NLG\^HAD Y[@NZL^\


http://www.forbes.com/markets/2005/06/24/0624automarketscan01.html?partner=yahootix&referrer=http://www.apple.com/ipod/http://www.vnunet.com/news/1158770http://www.vnunet.com/news/1158770http://www.forbes.com/markets/2005/06/24/0624automarketscan01.html?partner=yahootix&referrer=http://www.apple.com/ipod/http://www.vnunet.com/news/1158770http://www.vnunet.com/news/1158770


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h^zaj| [\\ ^gd|h^zaj| z|j| [\\ ;!9 th~e |`cj gnnh~hàgf ~gd|! Teja z|had ~ej h^zaj|~gd|& x`z cz|~ gnn g agcj|yglj njlfg{g~hà ha x`z{ bjjn ucf& fhoj~eh|=

6{|| ucfa|=h~zaj|3+e~~y=//ttt!h~zaj|!l`c/N^N|/Y`nlg|~#7!9!n~n+rj{|hà3+;!9+1

Yfjg|j z|j Z^B#5 jal`nhad b`{ x`z{ bjjn! @~ej{ jal`nhad| g{j a`~dzg{ga~jjn ~` t`{o ha h^zaj|!

Gff rgfzj| |e`zfn kj yfgha ~ju~ %a` cg{ozy `{ E^CF(! Rgfzj| g{jfhch~jn ~` ;:: leg{gl~j{|& juljy~ b`{ 6h~zaj|=|zccg{x1 tehle lga kjzy ~` >999 leg{gl~j{|! Teh~j|yglj ha rgfzj| h| |hdahbhlga~& h!j! h~ thff|e`t ha h^zaj|& |` nà~ gnn fjgnhad `{ ~{ghfhad teh~j|yglj ~` x`z{rgfzj|!

Ej{j h| g ~gkfj |e`thad tehle ~gd| gyyfx ~` ~ej legaajf %y`nlg|~( g| g

te`fj gan tehle ~gd| gyyfx ~` hanhrhnzgf h~jc| %jyh|`nj|(& gfàd th~etej{j ~ej ~gd là~ja~| gyyjg{ ha h^zaj|=

ucf ~gd legaajf h~jctej{j là~ja~ gyyjg{| ha

h^zaj|

6~h~fj1 X X Agcj l`fzca

6fhao1 Xtjk|h~j fhao gan g{{`t ha Agcjl`fzca

6l`yx{hde~1 X ha ~ej h^zaj| Cz|hl \~`{j

6yzkNg~j1 X [jfjg|j Ng~j l`fzca

6h~zaj|=gz~e`{1 X G{~h|~ l`fzca

6h~zaj|=kf`lo1 X Xy{jrja~ ga jyh|`nj `{ y`nlg|~b{`c gyyjg{had

6h~zaj|=lg~jd`{x1 X XLg~jd`{x l`fzca gan ha h^zaj|Cz|hl \~`{j K{`t|j

6h~zaj|=nz{g~hà1 X ^hcj l`fzca

6h~zaj|=juyfhlh~1 X Xyg{ja~gf gnrh|`{x d{gyehl ha Agcjl`fzca

Y@NLG\^HAD Y[@NZL^\


http://blogs.law.harvard.edu/tech/rsshttp://blogs.law.harvard.edu/tech/rss


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6h~zaj|=ojxt`{n|1 X X a`~ rh|hkfj kz~ lga kj |jg{lejn

6h~zaj|=`taj{1 X a`~ rh|hkfj& z|jn b`{ là~gl~ afx

6h~zaj|=|zk~h~fj1 X X Nj|l{hy~hà l`fzca

6h~zaj|=|zccg{x1 X Xteja %lh{lfjn h( ha Nj|l{hy~hàl`fzca h| lfhlojn

Nj~ghf| b`{ ~gd| z|jn kx h^zaj|

6jalf`|z{j1êj bhfj ju~ja|hà `b ~ej z{f g~~{hkz~j `b ~eh| ~gd h| z|jn ~` nj~j{chaj hbga h~jc |e`zfn gyyjg{ ha ~ej Y`nlg|~ nh{jl~`{x! \zyy`{~jn ju~ja|hà|halfznj +c>g+& +cy+& gan +ynb+!

6dzhn1Jrj{x 6h~jc1 |e`zfn egrj g df`kgffx zahwzj hnja~hbhj{ ~eg~ ajrj{

legadj|! Teja x`z gnn jyh|`nj| ~` x`z{ bjjn& dzhn| g{j l`cyg{jn halg|j |ja|h~hrj bg|ehà ~` nj~j{chaj tehle jyh|`nj| g{j ajt! Hb x`z`ch~ ~ej dzhn b`{ ga jyh|`nj& ~ej jyh|`nj z{f thff kj z|jn ha|~jgn!

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6h~zaj|=kf`lo1Z|j ~eh| ha|hnj ga 6h~jc1 jfjcja~ ~` y{jrja~ ~eg~ jyh|`nj b{`cgyyjg{had ha ~ej h^zaj| Y`nlg|~ nh{jl~`{x! Z|j ~eh| ha|hnj g 6legaajf1jfjcja~ ~` y{jrja~ ~ej ja~h{j y`nlg|~ b{`c gyyjg{had ha ~ej h^zaj|

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êj ~gd lga kj b`{cg~~jn EE=CC=\\& E=CC=\\& CC=\\& `{ C=\\ %E 3e`z{|& C 3 chaz~j|& \ 3 |jlàn|(

6h~zaj|=juyfhlh~1

êh| ~gd |e`zfn kj z|jn ~` hanhlg~j tej~ej{ `{ a`~ x`z{ y`nlg|~là~gha| juyfhlh~ cg~j{hgf!êj ~t` rgfzj| b`{ ~eh| ~gd g{j xj| gan a`!Hb x`z y`yzfg~j ~eh| ~gd th~e +xj|+& g yg{ja~gf gnrh|`{x d{gyehl thffgyyjg{ aju~ ~` x`z{ y`nlg|~ g{~t`{o à ~ej h^zaj| Cz|hl \~`{j& gan ha~ej Agcj l`fzca ha h^zaj|!6h~zaj|=ojxt`{n|1êh| ~gd gff`t| z|j{| ~` |jg{le à ~ju~ ojxt`{n|!Z|j |yglj| ~` |jyg{g~j ojxt`{n|!6h~zaj|=hcgdj1êh| ~gd |yjlhbhj| ~ej g{~t`{o b`{ x`z{ y`nlg|~! Yz~ ~ej z{f ~` ~ejhcgdj ha ~ej e{jb g~~{hkz~j!h^zaj| y{jbj{| |wzg{j hcgdj| ~eg~ g{j g~ fjg|~


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gyyjg{| à ~ej h^zaj| Cz|hl \~`{j ygdj b`{ x`z{ y`nlg|~! êh| bhjfnlga kj zy ~` >999 leg{gl~j{|!\gcyfj [\\ ;!9 bjjn ~eg~ halfznj| ~ej h^zaj| ~gd|

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6/h~zaj|=`taj{1

6'## h^zaj| y{jbj{| |wzg{j hcgdj|


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6h~zaj|=|zccg{x1êh| tjjo tj ~gfo gk`z~ |gf~ gan yjyyj{|egoj{|& l`cyg{had gan là~{g|~had y`z{ {g~j|& là|~{zl~hà cg~j{hgf|&gan `rj{gff gj|~ej~hl|! L`cj gan m`ha ~ej yg{~x'6/h~zaj|=|zccg{x1

6jalf`|z{jz{f3+e~~y=//jugcyfj!l`c/y`nlg|~|/jrj{x~ehad/GffGk`z~Jrj{x~ehadJyh|

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6/h~zaj|=|zk~h~fj16h~zaj|=|zccg{x1êh| tjjo tj ~gfo gk`z~ cj~{hl r|! `fn jadfh|e

|`loj~ t{jalej|! Tehle àj h| kj~~j{0 N` x`z {jgffx ajjn k`~e0 Dj~ gff`b x`z{ ga|tj{| ej{j!6/h~zaj|=|zccg{x1

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6jalf`|z{jz{f3+e~~y=//jugcyfj!l`c/y`nlg|~|/jrj{x~ehad/GffGk`z~Jrj{x~ehadJyh|`nj7!cy858:


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6'## rgfhn ucf ##16l`yx{hde~1",uG8? ;99: Mèa N`j6/l`yx{hde~1Zafhoj E^CF& UCF |zyy`{~| àfx bhrj +agcjn leg{gl~j{ ja~h~hj|+=

leg{gl~j{ agcj ucf" gcyj{|gan "gcy?

6 fj||#~ega |hda "f~?

1 d{jg~j{#~ega |hda "d~?

$ gy`|~{`yej "gy`|?

+ wz`~g~hà "wz`~?

êj bhrj leg{gl~j{| gk`rj g{j ~ej àfx leg{gl~j{| ~eg~ {jwzh{jj|lgyhad ha UCF! Gff `~ej{ leg{gl~j{| lga kj ja~j{jn nh{jl~fx ha gajnh~`{ ~eg~ |zyy`{~| Z^B#5! X`z lga gf|` z|j azcj{hl leg{gl~j{

{jbj{jalj| ~eg~ |yjlhbx ~ej Zahl`nj b`{ ~ej leg{gl~j{& b`{ jugcyfj

leg{gl~j{ agcj ucf

l`yx{hde~ |hda ",uG8?

|`zan {jl`{nhad l`yx{hde~ ",u;774?

~{gnj cg{o |hda ",u;7;;?

B`{ bz{~ej{ {jbj{jalj |jj UCF Leg{gl~j{ gan Ja~h~x [jbj{jalj|

JUGCYFJ @B E@T ^@ Z\J G Y@NLG\^

Y@NLG\^HAD Y[@NZL^\


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\B gz~e`{ z|j| y`nlg|~ g| a`rjf yzkfh|ehad cj~e`n

Kx Yj~j{ Lèja ylèjaIcgllja~{gf!l`c

Gz~e`{ \l`~~ \hdfj{ h| z|had y`nlg|~had g| g a`rjf gyy{`gle %yg{nà

~ej yza( ~` dj~ yj`yfj ~` oa`t gk`z~ eh| ajt k`ò& Jg{~eL`{j! êj{j$|

a` leg{dj ~` n`taf`gn ~ej y`nlg|~|& gan \hdfj{ yfga| ~` {jfjg|j ~ej

ja~h{j k`ò ha |j{hgf b`{c à g tjjofx kg|h|!

Nj|l{hkjn g| +g l{`|| kj~tjja jyh|`nhl c`nj{a#gl~hà bg{j fhoj $;>$

gan lfg||hl |lh#bh c`rhj| fhoj Y{jng~`{ gan \~g{|ehy ^{``yj{|&+

+Jg{~eL`{j+ ~jff| ~ej |~`{x `b k{g|e x`zad jujlz~hrj Làajff Oh{ofgan&

à g ch||hà ~` cgoj eh| l`cygax %~ej Jg{~eL`{j `b ~ej k`ò$| ~h~fj(

khffhà| kx zajg{~ehad ~ej fg{dj|~ yfg~hazc njy`|h~ jrj{ nh|l`rj{jn!

+Kz~ g~ ~e{jj chfj| kjf`t ~ej |z{bglj& tej{j ~ej {`lo| g{j |` e`~ ~ejx

kz{a kg{j |oha& |`cj~ehad eg| kjja tgh~had b`{ lja~z{hj|! Tgh~had !!!

gan dzg{nhad! Oh{ofgan gan Jg{~eL`{j g{j gk`z~ ~` bhan `z~ bh{|~#egan

tex ~eh| ~{jg|z{j eg| ajrj{ kjja zajg{~ejn&+ {jgn| g |xa`y|h| y`|~jn

~` ~ej a`rjf$| Tjk |h~j! êj y`nlg|~| egrj kjja yj{b`{cjn kx \hdfj{

ehc|jfb!

Y`nlg|~had h| g ~j{c l`hajn ~` nj|l{hkj cgohad gznh` bhfj| grghfgkfj b`{

n`taf`gn ~e{`zde [\\ bjjn|! Y`nlg|~had h| kjhad z|jn g| g tgx ~`

nh|~{hkz~j tjkf`d|& {gnh` k{`gnlg|~| gan `~ej{ là~ja~! X`z lga {jgn

c`{j gk`z~ h~ ha `z{ bjg~z{j Y`nlg|~had= Ejg{ Teg~ ~ej Kz}} h| Gk`z~!

êh| h| a`~ Jg{~eL`{j$| bh{|~ g~~jcy~ g~ yzkfhlg~hà! Ha ;997& G@F/^hcj

Tg{aj{$| hYzkfh|e hcy{ha~ `bbj{jn h~ g| ga j#k`ò& tej{j h~ eh~ ~ej ~`y

|y`~ à Kg{aj| " A`kfj$| Tjk |h~j! H~ tg| nzj `z~ b`{ g ygyj{kglo

{jfjg|j ha ;99;& kz~ hYzkfh|e b`fnjn kjb`{j ~eg~ l`zfn egyyja! \hdfj{

jrja~zgffx {jdghajn ~ej {hde~| ~` eh| a`rjf kz~ eg| kjja zagkfj ~` dj~

h~ yzkfh|ejn gdgha& gan h| z|had y`nlg|~had g| g cjga| `b dj~~had ha~`

~ej egan| `b c`{j {jgnj{| ## `{ c`{j |yjlhbhlgffx& fh|~jaj{|!

Y@NLG\^HAD Y[@NZL^\


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\hdfj{ e`yj| ~eg~ ej lga g~~{gl~ :&999 |zk|l{hkj{| ~` ~ej k`ò! êg~

thff& ej e`yj|& +!!! njcà|~{g~j ~ej y`tj{ `b Y`nlg|~had gan djaj{g~j

g~~ja~hà b{`c yzkfh|ej{|!+

\hdfj{ ohlojn `bb ~ej {jfjg|j `b Jg{~eL`{j th~e g y{`f`dzj& tehle x`zlga n`taf`gn b{`c ~ej Jg{~eL`{j Tjk |h~j a`t! Ej thff {jfjg|j bz{~ej{

legy~j{| g| tjjofx y`nlg|~|!

Ej gnrh|j| y`~ja~hgf fh|~jaj{| ~eg~ Jg{~eL`{j h|a$~ b`{ ~janj{ jg{| ## h~

+{za| ~ej dgccz~ %|hl( `b y`fh~hlgffx hal`{{jl~ ~`yhl|& b{`c fgadzgdj ~`

|ju ~` {gt rh`fjalj!+

Y@NLG\^HAD Y[@NZL^\


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CG[OJ^HAD K[GHA\^@[C

Teg~ kz|haj|| c`njf| lga x`z z|j th~e x`z{ ajt y`nlg|~{jl`{nhad0

7!( Gznh` LN %z|j{ ygx| |ehyyhad(

;!( Gznh` LN %|jff LN(!( Gznh` LN %kzanfj th~e juh|~had y{`nzl~:!( Y`nlg|~ %dhrjgtgx(2!( Y`nlg|~ %dhrjgtgx yg{~ y{`c`~j bzff rj{|hà(4!( Y`nlg|~ %l{jg~j cjckj{|ehy |h~j(5!( Y`nlg|~ %z|j ~` jaegalj kf`d `{ tjk|h~j l`yx(

E`t lga x`z l{jg~j g y`nlg|~0

7!(Mz|~ ~gfo gk`z~ g |zkmjl~ %g~ fjg|~ y{jyg{j ga `z~fhaj bh{|~(

;!([jgn x`z{ g{~hlfj|!([jgn x`z{ kf`d y`|~:!([jgn x`z{ |gfj| l`yx2!([jgn `~ej{ yj`yfj| g{~hlfj|4!([jl`{n/jnh~ ha~j{rhjt| th~e juyj{~|

Teg~ lga x`z yglogdj th~e x`z{ y`nlg|~ ~` jaegalj ~ejyj{ljhrjn rgfzj0

7!(L{jg~j ~{ga|l{hy~| `b x`z{ {jl`{nhad;!(L{jg~j g t`{ok`ò ~` d` th~e x`z{ {jl`{nhad

{jy`{~

A@^J= Kj |z{j ~` l{jg~j g {j|`z{lj ygdj gan cja~hà h~ g~ ~ejkjdhaahad gan jan `b x`z{ {jl`{nhad %mz|~ fhoj x`z t`zfn th~e

ga g{~hlfj& jk`ò& j~l!(

Y@NLG\^HAD Y[@NZL^\




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GYYJANHU= GZNGLH^X Z\J[ CGAZGF

^z~`{hgf # H!Kg|hl|Yg{~ 7 # Nhdh~gf Gznh` # Yg{~ 7

Teg~ h| |`zan0

\`zan| g{j y{j||z{j tgrj| `b gh{! Hb ~ej{j tg|a$~ gax gh{& tjt`zfna$~ kj gkfj ~` ejg{ |`zan|! êj{j$| a` |`zan ha |yglj!

Tj ejg{ |`zan| kjlgz|j `z{ jg{| g{j |ja|h~hrj ~` ~ej|j y{j||z{jtgrj|! Yj{egy| ~ej jg|hj|~ ~xyj `b |`zan tgrj ~` zanj{|~gan h| g|e`{~& |znnja jrja~ fhoj g lfgy! Teja x`z lfgy x`z{ egan|& ~ej gh{~eg~ tg| kj~tjja x`z{ egan| h| yz|ejn g|hnj! êh| hal{jg|j| ~ej gh{y{j||z{j ha ~ej |yglj ajg{ x`z{ egan|& kjlgz|j c`{j gh{ c`fjlzfj|g{j ~jcy`{g{hfx l`cy{j||jn ha~` fj|| |yglj! êj ehde y{j||z{jyz|ej| ~ej gh{ c`fjlzfj| `z~tg{n| ha gff nh{jl~hà| g~ ~ej |yjjn `b|`zan& tehle h| gk`z~ 9 cj~j{| yj{ |jlàn! Teja ~ej y{j||z{jtgrj {jglej| x`z{ jg{& h~ yz|ej| à x`z{ jg{n{zc |fhde~fx& lgz|hadx`z ~` ejg{ ~ej lfgy!

Y@NLG\^HAD Y[@NZL^\




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G egan lfgy h| g |e`{~ jrja~ ~eg~ lgz|j| g |hadfj y{j||z{j tgrj ~eg~wzhlofx nhj| `z~! êj hcgdj gk`rj |e`t| ~ej tgrjb`{c b`{ g ~xyhlgfegan lfgy! Ha ~ej tgrjb`{c& ~ej e`{h}à~gf guh| {jy{j|ja~| ~hcj& gan

~ej rj{~hlgf guh| h| b`{ y{j||z{j! êj hah~hgf ehde y{j||z{j h| b`ff`tjnkx f`t y{j||z{j& kz~ ~ej `|lhffg~hà wzhlofx nhj| `z~!

êj `~ej{ l`ccà ~xyj `b |`zan tgrj h| g yj{h`nhl tgrj! Teja x`z{had g kjff& gb~j{ ~ej hah~hgf |~{hoj %tehle h| g fh~~fj fhoj g egan lfgy(&~ej |`zan l`cj| b{`c ~ej rhk{g~hà `b ~ej kjff! Tehfj ~ej kjff h| |~hff{hadhad& h~ rhk{g~j| g~ g yg{~hlzfg{ b{jwzjalx& njyjanhad à ~ej |h}jgan |egyj `b ~ej kjff& gan ~eh| lgz|j| ~ej ajg{kx gh{ ~` rhk{g~j th~e~ej |gcj b{jwzjalx! êh| lgz|j| y{j||z{j tgrj| `b gh{ ~` ~{grjf`z~tg{n| b{`c ~ej kjff& gdgha g~ ~ej |yjjn `b |`zan! Y{j||z{j tgrj|b{`c là~haz`z| rhk{g~hà f`ò c`{j fhoj ~eh|=

E`t h| |`zan {jl`{njn0

G chl{`yeàj là|h|~| `b g |cgff cjck{gaj ~eg~ h| b{jj ~` rhk{g~j&gfàd th~e g cjlegah|c ~eg~ ~{ga|fg~j| c`rjcja~| `b ~ejcjck{gaj ha~` jfjl~{hlgf |hdagf|! %êj jugl~ jfjl~{hlgf cjlegah|crg{hj| njyjanhad à ~ej ~xyj `b chl{`yeàj!( \` gl`z|~hlgf tgrj|g{j ~{ga|fg~jn ha~` jfjl~{hlgf tgrj| kx ~ej chl{`yeàj! ^xyhlgffx&ehdej{ y{j||z{j l`{{j|yàn| ~` ehdej{ r`f~gdj& gan rhlj rj{|g!

Y@NLG\^HAD Y[@NZL^\




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G ~gyj {jl`{nj{ ~{ga|fg~j| ~ej tgrjb`{c xj~ gdgha # ~eh| ~hcj b{`cga jfjl~{hlgf |hdagf à g th{j& ~` g cgdaj~hl |hdagf à g ~gyj! Tejax`z yfgx g ~gyj& ~ej y{`lj|| dj~| yj{b`{cjn ha {jrj{|j& th~e ~ejcgdaj~hl |hdagf ~{ga|b`{chad ha~` ga jfjl~{hlgf |hdagf& gan ~ejjfjl~{hlgf |hdagf lgz|had g |yjgoj{ ~` rhk{g~j& z|zgffx z|had ga

jfjl~{`cgdaj~!

E`t h| |`zan {jl`{njn nhdh~gffx 0

[jl`{nhad à~` g ~gyj h| ga jugcyfj `b gagf`d {jl`{nhad! Gznglh~xnjgf| th~e nhdh~gf {jl`{nhad| # {jl`{nhad| ~eg~ egrj kjja |gcyfjn |`~eg~ ~ejx lga kj z|jn kx g nhdh~gf l`cyz~j{& fhoj ~ej àj x`z${jz|had a`t! Nhdh~gf {jl`{nhad eg| g f`~ `b kjajbh~| `rj{ gagf`d{jl`{nhad! Nhdh~gf bhfj| lga kj l`yhjn g| cgax ~hcj| g| x`z tga~&th~e a` f`|| ha wzgfh~x& gan ~ejx lga kj kz{ajn ~` ga gznh` LN `{|eg{jn rhg ~ej Ha~j{aj~! Nhdh~gf gznh` bhfj| lga gf|` kj jnh~jn czle

c`{j jg|hfx ~ega gagf`d ~gyj|!

êj cgha njrhlj z|jn ha nhdh~gf {jl`{nhad h| g Gagf`d#~`#Nhdh~gfLàrj{~j{ %GNL(! êj GNL lgy~z{j| g |agy|e`~ `b ~ej jfjl~{hlr`f~gdj à ga gznh` fhaj gan {jy{j|ja~| h~ g| g nhdh~gf azckj{ ~eg~lga kj |ja~ ~` g l`cyz~j{! Kx lgy~z{had ~ej r`f~gdj ~e`z|gan| `b~hcj| yj{ |jlàn& x`z lga dj~ g rj{x d``n gyy{ùhcg~hà ~` ~ej`{hdhagf gznh` |hdagf=

Jgle n`~ ha ~ej bhdz{j gk`rj {jy{j|ja~| àj gznh` |gcyfj! êj{j g{j~t` bgl~`{| ~eg~ nj~j{chaj ~ej wzgfh~x `b g nhdh~gf {jl`{nhad=

\gcyfj {g~j= êj {g~j g~ tehle ~ej |gcyfj| g{j lgy~z{jn `{yfgxjn kglo& cjg|z{jn ha Ej{~} %E}(& `{ |gcyfj| yj{ |jlàn! Gagznh` LN eg| g |gcyfj {g~j `b >>&799 E}& `b~ja t{h~~ja g| >>OE} b`{ |e`{~! êh| h| gf|` ~ej njbgzf~ |gcyfj {g~j ~eg~ Gznglh~xz|j|& kjlgz|j gznh` LN| g{j |` y{jrgfja~!

\gcyfj b`{cg~ `{ |gcyfj |h}j= J||ja~hgffx ~eh| h| ~ej azckj{`b nhdh~| ha ~ej nhdh~gf {jy{j|ja~g~hà `b jgle |gcyfj! êhao `b~ej |gcyfj {g~j g| ~ej e`{h}à~gf y{jlh|hà `b ~ej nhdh~gftgrjb`{c& gan ~ej |gcyfj b`{cg~ g| ~ej rj{~hlgf y{jlh|hà! Ga

Y@NLG\^HAD Y[@NZL^\




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gznh` LN eg| g y{jlh|hà `b 72 kh~|& tehle l`{{j|yàn| ~` gk`z~: njlhcgf nhdh~|!

Ehdej{ |gcyfhad {g~j| gff`t g nhdh~gf {jl`{nhad ~` gllz{g~jfx {jl`{nehdej{ b{jwzjalhj| `b |`zan! êj |gcyfhad {g~j |e`zfn kj g~ fjg|~

~thlj ~ej ehdej|~ b{jwzjalx x`z tga~ ~` {jy{j|ja~! Ezcga| lga$~ejg{ b{jwzjalhj| gk`rj gk`z~ ;9&999 E}& |` >>&799 E} tg| le`|jag| ~ej {g~j b`{ gznh` LN| ~` mz|~ halfznj gff ezcga b{jwzjalhj|!\gcyfj {g~j| `b 82 gan 78; OE} g{j |~g{~had ~` kjl`cj c`{jl`ccà& yg{~hlzfg{fx ha NRN#Gznh`& kz~ cgax yj`yfj eàj|~fx lga$~ejg{ ~ej nhbbj{jalj!

Ehdej{ |gcyfj |h}j| gff`t b`{ c`{j nxagchl {gadj # f`znj{ f`zn| gan|`b~j{ |`b~|! Hb x`z g{j bgchfhg{ th~e ~ej njlhkjf %nK( |lgfj& ~ejnxagchl {gadj à ga gznh` LN h| ~ej`{j~hlgffx gk`z~ 89 nK& kz~{jgfh|~hlgffx |hdagf| ~eg~ g{j #;> nK `{ c`{j ha r`fzcj g{j d{jg~fx

{jnzljn ha wzgfh~x! Gznglh~x |zyy`{~| ~t` gnnh~hàgf |gcyfj |h}j|=;>#kh~& tehle h| l`ccàfx z|jn ha nhdh~gf {jl`{nhad& gan


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{hde~ ~` n` ~eh| gb~j{ |~g{~had ~` {jl`{n& kz~ ~eh| tgx a` yj{b`{cgaljthff kj f`|~ ~` ~ej than`thad |x|~jc!H |zddj|~ eh~~had L^[FB ~` dj~ ga `rj{rhjt `b ~ej ja~h{j y{`mjl~ g|tjff! êh| àfx gbbjl~| ~ej e`{h}à~gf }``c kx ~ej tgx%fjb~#{hde~}``c(! êj{j h| a` tgx ~` }``c `z~ rj{~hlgffx th~e`z~ z|had ~ej

c`z|j xj~!

êh| cgx a`~ |jjc g khd njgf& kz~ h~ h| hb x`z${j jnh~had g fg{dj fhrj{jl`{nhad!

Teg~ Gznglh~x n`j| h| {jbj{jalj ~ej `{hdhagf gznh` cg~j{hgf za~hf x`zgl~zgffx yj{b`{c |`cj ohan `b jnh~ à h~& |zle g| lz~~had g yhjljgtgx& `{ z|had gax jbbjl~ à h~! @aj ~ehad ~` {jcjckj{ h| ~ej ZAN@bzal~hà! X`z lga zan`/{jn` |~zbb g| cgax ~hcj| g| x`z fhoj& gan

xj|& jrja gb~j{ x`z egrj |grjn x`z{ y{`mjl~!X`z cgx g|o teg~ egyyja| hb x`z n`& b`{ jugcyfj& lz~ gtgx g yhjlj`{ cg{o `bb g


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Yfjg|j a`~j ~eg~ teja x`z |~g{~zy Gznglh~x b{j|e& àfx ~ej +\grjG|!!!+ cjaz `y~hà h| grghfgkfj!

^` |grj x`z{ y{`mjl~ fg~j{ à& x`z lga gf|` z|j ~ej ojxk`g{n|e`{~lz~ = L^[F\

;! Lejlo ~ej Y{jbj{jalj|

Gdgha& ~eh| h| rj{x hcy`{~ga~'

Y{j|| L^[FY `{ d` ~` !!!

!!!~eja lejlo hb ~ej {hde~ `z~yz~ h| |j

!!!|j~ ~ej |gcyfj {g~j `b x`z{le`hlj!!! %>>!7 oE} h| ~ej njbgzf~(

!!!gan ej{j$| g l{zlhg

Y@NLG\^HAD Y[@NZL^\




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êj Bhfj B`{cg~| |j~~had| ajjn nh|lz||had g~ ~eh| y`ha~!

Teja hcy`{~had zal`cy{j||jn gznh`& ~ej{j g{j ~t` tgx| ~` n`h~! +Cgoj g l`yx `b ~ej `{hdhagf kjb`{j jnh~had+ cjga|& ~eg~ Gznglh~xgl~zgffx l`yhj| ~ej ja~h{j gznh` bhfj ~eg~ x`z hcy`{~jn ha ~` h~| y{`mjl~

ng~g nh{jl~`{x gan ha ~ej y{`lj|| |j~| zy ~ej fh~~fj `rj{rhjt d{gyehl|&te`|j nj|l{hy~hà| dj~ |~`{jn ha ~ej y{`mjl~ ng~g nh{jl~`{x ~``!

êj |jlàn tgx h| ~` z|j ~ej `{hdhagf hcy`{~jn gznh`! X`z cgx ~ehaotj${j gl~zgffx jnh~had ~eh| bhfj& kz~ a` tj g{ja$~! Ha bgl~& Gznglh~x thffa`t {jgn ~ej hcy`{~jn bhfj àlj gan |hcyfx l{jg~j ~ej d{gyehl|`rj{rhjt| b`{ ~ejc ha ~` ~ej ng~g nh{jl~`{x& gan |zk|jwzja~fx t{h~j~` nh|o gff ~ej gznh` ng~g ~eg~ x`z legadj! êj `{hdhagf bhfj h| àfxz|jn b`{ yfgxkglo! Gff gznh` ~eg~ {jcgha| zalegadjn thff kj yfgxjnb{`c ~ej `{hdhagf bhfj!

êj gnrga~gdj `b le``|had ~` cgoj g l`yx `b ~ej `{hdhagf h|~eg~ x`z gr`hn ~{`zkfj& |e`zfn gax~ehad ha ~ej `{hdhagf bhfj legadj!

B`{ jugcyfj& |e`zfn x`z gllhnja~gffx njfj~j ~ej `{hdhagf bhfj& x`z${jf`|~!

X`z egrj ~` cgoj zy x`z{ chan kjb`{j x`z |~g{~ g y{`mjl~! Le``|j~` cgoj g l`yx `b gff hcy`{~jn bhfj|& gan x`z$ff z|j c`{j |yglj àx`z{ eg{nnh|o%|(& kz~ h~ thff kj jg|hj{ ~` kglo zy ~ej y{`mjl~ ~``&kjlgz|j gff bhfj| ~eg~ egrj gax~ehad ~` n` th~e x`z{ y{`mjl~ thff kj ha~ej y{`mjl~ ng~g nh{jl~`{x!

êj Zal`cy{j||jn Juy`{~ B`{cg~lga kj |j~ ~` TGR `{ GHBB b`{a`t! Yfjg|j lejlo ~ej bhfjb`{cg~| ygdj b`{ bz{~ej{ hab`{cg~hà àjuy`{~ b`{cg~|!

Tj$ff hda`{j ~ej \yjl~{`d{gc |j~~had| b`{ a`t! êj Nh{jl~`{hj||j~~had lga kj hda`{jn g| tjff b`{ a`t& kjlgz|j gff h~ |j~| h| ~ejnh{jl~`{x ~` z|j b`{ {jl`{nhad|& zan` ng~g gan `~ej{ |~zbb& hb x`zegrja$~ xj~ |grjn x`z{ y{`mjl~! \halj tj gf{jgnx |grjn `z{ y{`mjl~&~eh| |j~~had h| `b a` hcy`{~galj ~` z|& ~e`zde x`z cgx tga~ ~` |j~ h~y{`yj{fx fg~j{ à!

êj{j g{j ~e{jj tgx| ~` n` ~eh|=

7! \hcyfx n{gd gan n{`y ~ej gznh` bhfj ha ~` ~ej Gznglh~x than`t! %Hbx`z${j z|had Cgl @\ 8 `{ U& n{gd ~ej gznh` bhfj ~` ~ej Gznglh~x hlàha|~jgn!!!(

Y@NLG\^HAD Y[@NZL^\


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;! \jfjl~ Hcy`{~ Gznh` !!! ha ~ej Y{`mjl~ cjaz!

Gznglh~x lga hcy`{~ TGR& GHBB& GZ& H[LGC& CY< gan @DD bhfj|!Yfjg|j {jbj{ ~` ~ej bhfjb`{cg~| ygdj b`{ bz{~ej{ {jbj{jalj à ~ej|jgznh` b`{cg~|!

>! Yfgxkglo

êj hcy`{~jn bhfj |e`zfn a`t kj nh|yfgxjn ha ga gznh` ~{glo! êj~{glo thff f`ò g fh~~fj fhoj ~eh|& njyjanhad à teg~ x`z hcy`{~jn =

^{gloygajf gan Tgrjb`{c @rj{rhjt `b ~ej hcy`{~jn ^{glo

Hb x`z${j a`~ |z{j tej{j ~` bhan gznh` cg~j{hgf& |hcyfx {hy |`cj `bb gLN& `{ ha Than`t|& lejlo ~ej Cjnhg b`fnj{ ha ~ej nh{jl~`{x `b x`z{Than`t| ha|~gffg~hà!

A`t lfhlo à ~ej d{jja Yfgx kz~~à g~ ~ej ~`y gan x`z |e`zfn

ejg{ ~ej bhfj x`z egrj mz|~ hcy`{~jn!

^z~`{hgf # H!Kg|hl|Yg{~ > # [jl`{nhad th~e Gznglh~x # Yg{~ >

7! L{jg~j g ajt y{`mjl~

\grj ga jcy~x y{`mjl~! @{ |hcyfx z|j ~ej àj b{`c ~ej y{jrh`z|yg{~! [jcjckj{& ~eg~ hb x`z nà$~ |grj x`z{ y{`mjl~ kjb`{j x`z |~g{~{jl`{nhad `{ hcy`{~had& ~eg~ gff {jl`{nhad|& jnh~ gan `~ej{ bhfj| thff kj

t{h~~ja ~` nh{jl~`{x |j~ ha ~ej Nh{jl~`{hj| y{jbj{jalj|!

;! Lejlo ~ej y{jbj{jalj|

Cgoj |z{j x`z{ yfgxkglo gan {jl`{nhad njrhlj g{j |j~! Hb x`z${jd`had ~` {jl`{n g |~j{j` |hdagf& lejlo ~ej +[jl`{n ha |~j{j`+lejlokù ha ~ejGznh` H/@ y{jbj{jalj|!

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Teja yhlohad g njrhlj ~` {jl`{n b{`c& cgoj |z{j x`z$rj |j~ zy gff~ej làajl~hà| y{`yj{fx& |zle g| yfzddhad g chl{`yeàj ha ~` ~ejChl Hayz~& gan gax `~ej{ njrhlj ha ~` ~ej Fhaj Ha `b x`z{ |`zanlg{n! êja lejlo ~eg~ ~ej dgha fjrjf oa`k%~ej gc`za~ kx e`t czle~ej hayz~ |e`zfn kj gcyfhbhjn( `b ~ej chuj{ `b x`z{ |`zanlg{n h| |j~

{hde~!

\halj c`|~ |`zanlg{n| lga chu ~ej hayz~| kglo ha ~` ~ej `z~yz~|& ~ejjg|hj|~ tgx ~` ~j|~ x`z{ chl{`yeàj h| ~` |yjgo ha ~` h~ tehfj yfgxhadth~e x`z{ |`zanlg{n chuj{! êj |`zanlg{n chuj{ h| g |`b~tg{j jh~ej{y{`rhnjn kx ~ej |`zanlg{n cgoj{& `{ kx ~ej `yj{g~had |x|~jc x`z${jz|had! êj Than`t| chuj{ h| y{j~~x |~{ghde~ b`{tg{n& ~e`zde |`cj|`zanlg{n| k{had ~ejh{ `ta gfàd! êj Cgl$| chuj{ h| là~{`ffjn rhg~ej \`zan Là~{`f Ygajf& gan ~ej Fhazu z|j{| y{`kgkfx egrjejgyf`gn| `b chuj{ gyyfhlg~hà| g~ ~ejh{ nh|y`|gf! Mz|~ cgoj |z{j~ejx t`{o kjb`{j xjffhad g~ x`z{ |l{jja ~eg~ a`~ehad t`{o|!

Lfhlo à ~ej {jn [jl`{n kz~~à ~` kjdha {jl`{nhad!

Lfhlo à ~ej kfzj Ygz|j kz~~à~` ygz|j ~ej {jl`{nhad! Y{j||h~ gdgha ~` là~hazj!

Lfhlo à ~ej xjff`t \~`y kz~~à

~` ljg|j {jl`{nhad! êj lz{|`{thff {j~z{a ~` h~| y{jrh`z|y`|h~hà& kjb`{j ~ej {jl`{nhad

tg| |~g{~jn!

êg~$| h~! X`z lga a`t yfgx g{`zan th~e x`z{ {jl`{nhad gan juyf`{j~ej jnh~had lgygkhfh~hj| `b Gznglh~x! [jcjckj{ ~eg~ x`z lga z|j ~ejZan` bzal~hà gfc`|~ th~e`z~ fhch~|!

HH!Jnh~had b`{ Kjdhaaj{|Yg{~ 7 # Ha~{`nzl~hà # Yg{~ 7

\`zan Jnh~had ha ~ej +{jgf t`{fn+

\`zan jnh~`{| lfjga zy nhgf`dzj ~{glo|& lz~ fgxj{| `b |yjlhgf jbbjl~|&yfglj |`zan| g~ lj{~gha ~hcj|& l{jg~j gckhgalj ~{glo| kx lz~~had `z~zatga~jn |~zbb gan chuhad ha ha~j{j|~had `{ ajlj||g{x |`zan|! Cz|hly{`nzl~hà jadhajj{| cgx lz~ yhjlj| `b r`lgf| gtgx `{ |ehb~ ~ejc ~`g ga`~ej{ |y`~ ha g |àd!

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Jnh~had h| gk`z~ lz~~had& yfglhad& bgnhad& l{`||#bgnhad& |ehb~had&nzyfhlg~had gan gnmz|~had ~ej r`fzcj %gf|` {jbj{{jn ~` g| fjrjf( `bgznh` cg~j{hgf! Chuhad h| g b`{c `b jnh~had ~`` `b l`z{|j!

Ej{j h| ga jugcyfj `b teg~ h| nàj ha |`zan jnh~had nz{had ~ej

y{`nzl~hà `b g ~jfjrh|hà |e`t `{ bhfc! Ha ~ej aju~ yg{~ tj thff {zax`z ~e{`zde g bjt `b ~e`|j ~jleahwzj| ha Gznglh~x!

êj Yg~e `b \`zan ha Bhfc gan ^R Y`|~y{`nzl~hà

Bhfc gan ^R l{jt| egrj g~ fjg|~ ~t` yj`yfj y{j|ja~ ~eg~ ~goj lg{j `b{jl`{nhad |`zan nz{had y{halhygf ye`~`d{gyex `b g |e`t! Y{halhygfye`~`d{gyex h| z|zgffx |e``~had ~ej |ljaj| th~e gl~zgf fhrj gl~`{| `{{jgf kglod{`zan| kx ~ej tgx!

\`zan ha Y{halhygf Ye`~`d{gyex

êj bh{|~ yj{|à h| ~ej k``c y`fj `yj{g~`{! êj k``c y`fj h| gaju~janhkfj |~hlo th~e g chl{`yeàj g~~glejn ~` h~! êh| h| z|jn ~`lgy~z{j nhgf`dzj jh~ej{ nz{had bhfchad `{ a`~! Teja a`~ bhfchad& h~chde~ kj lgy~z{had `bb#|ljaj nhgf`dzj `{ {j~goj| `b fhaj| ~eg~ ~ejgl~`{| bfzaojn nz{had gl~zgf bhfc ~goj|! êj c`{j juyja|hrj ~ej|e`t h| gan ~ej c`{j ~hcj ~ej{j h| ~` n` ~ej t`{o& ~ej c`{j yj`yfjthff {j|`{~ ~` f``yhad ~e`|j ~goj|& tehle h| {jl`{nhad ~e`|j fhaj| ha g|`zan |~znh` jarh{àcja~ ha|~jgn `b g bhfc |~znh` `{ f`lg~hà!

êj |jlàn yj{|à h| ~ej |`zan chuj{& te` z|zgffx |h~| ha g yfgljbg{~ej{ `bb b{`c ~ej |e``~had gan {jl`{n| ~ej |`zan lgy~z{j| kx ~ej

k``c y`fj `yj{g~`{& jh~ej{ rhg lgkfj `{ th{jfj|| njrhlj| ~`~gyj&`y~hlgf nh|o| `{ eg{n n{hrj!

êh| h| ~ej {gt |`zan cg~j{hgf `b g |e`t! H~ h| lgffjn y{`nzl~hà|`zan gan ~ej àfx nj|h{gkfj yg{~| h~ z|zgffx là~gha| g{j nhgf`dzjgan k`nx |`zan|! Ha y`|~ y{`nzl~hà& njyjanhad à ~ej l`cyfjuh~x&kzndj~ |h}j gan ~hcj& gfc`|~ jrj{x~ehad x`z ejg{ juljy~ b`{ ~ejnhgf`dzj gan |`cj k`nx |`zan|& g{j gnnjn fg~j{ nz{had !!!

Y`|~ Y{`nzl~hà

êh| h| tej{j c`|~ `b ~ej |~zbb tj$ff kj nj|l{hkhad b`{ Gznglh~x thffegyyja! X`z$rj d`~ ~ej {jl`{nhad! A`t teg~ 0

Gb~j{ ~ej rh|zgf yg{~ `b ~ej |e`t h| lz~& ~ej bh{|~ `b tehle z|zgffx h|a$~~ej bhagf àj& h~ h| eganjn ~` ~ej |`zan jnh~`{! Ha ^R |e`t|& x`z$ffz|zgffx egrj àj `{ ~t` yj`yfj b`{ ~eh|& b`{ cgm`{ bhfc y{`nzl~hà| gte`fj kzale c`{j& b`{ tehle ~g|o| thff kj |zknhrhnjn à g bhaj{ fjrjf!

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[gt |`zan # Lfjgazy ~hcj

A` |e`t| n` th~e`z~ bhfc jnh~| gan cgax egrj yfja~x `b ~ejc!

\ljaj| cgx kj |e`~ th~e th~e àj `{ c`{j lgcj{g| gan chl|! Gl~`{|chde~ egrj bfzaojn ~ejh{ fhaj| gan yhlohad zy |e``~had y{h`{ ~` ~ejch|~goj chde~ kj le`|ja `{ ~ej ja~h{j |jwzjalj {j|e`~! êj bhfcjnh~`{ cgx egrj le`|ja yg{~| b{`c nhbbj{ja~ ~goj| b`{ ~ej lz~ `b ~ej|ljaj! êj gl~hà chde~ kj c`rhad gfàd g~ ~ej t{àd yglj gan ~ejbhfc jnh~`{ |e`{~jajn `{ |~{j~lejn yg{~| `b g |ljaj!

êj |`zan jnh~`{ cgoj| |z{j ~{ga|h~hà| kj~tjja lz~| g{j |c``~e!Ej `{ |ej {jc`rj| zanj|h{jn |`zan|& |zle g| k{jg~ej{| `b ~ej |gcjyj{|à ~eg~ `rj{fgy b{`c àj bhfc jnh~ ~` ~ej aju~!

Cg~j{hgf h| lz~ gtgx ~eg~ là~gha| zatga~jn |`zan|& |zle g|l{jgohad legh{ fjd| gan |eg{y hcygl~| `b `kmjl~| à ~gkfj| gan bf``{|!

\`cj `b ~ej|j cgx {jwzh{j f``yhad `b nhgf`dzj ha ~ej |~znh`& kjlgz|j~ej a`h|j cgx egrj kjja ha~`fj{gkfj! Gf|`& cg~j{hgf cgx |`cj~hcj|kj nja`h|jn! êj c`|~ |`yeh|~hlg~jn cj~e`n| {jc`rj ~ej teh{{had `b~ej lgcj{g c`~`{| b{`c ~goj|! H~ h| z|jn g| |yg{hadfx g| y`||hkfj~e`zde!

H~$| gftgx| nj|h{gkfj ~` dj~ ~ej kj|~ y`||hkfj |`zan b{`c ~ej |~g{~&tehle h| ~ej {jl`{nhad |~gdj!

Gnnhad |~zbb # ~ej {jgffx khd njgf

Gb~j{ ~eh| lfjgazy h| l`cyfj~j& |`zan| g{j gnnjn!

êj bh{|~ h| gckhgalj! Mz|~ lf`|j x`z{ jxj| gan fh|~ja ~ej |`zang{`zan x`z! êg~$| gckhgalj! \`yeh|~hlg~hà `b gckhgalj| {h|j| th~ekzndj~|! B{`c y{jchujn ~` `rj{ g n`}ja ~{glo|& x`z$ff bhan h~ gff ha ^R|e`t| gan bjg~z{j bhfc|! Ha gax han``{ |ljaj th~e g f`~ `b yj`yfj ha~ej kglod{`zan& a`k`nx juljy~ b`{ ~ej gl~`{| kjhad bhfcjn thffgl~zgffx ~gfo! êg~ bfz{{x `b làrj{|g~hà h| gnnjn fg~j{ à!

Aju~ l`cj| b`fjx! êj|j g{j lf`~ej| {z|~fhad%k`nx |`zan|(& b``~|~jy| gan `kmjl~| kjhad eganfjn! Yj`yfj ~eg~ egrj ~ej zf~hcg~j

jnh~hà `b ^j{chag~`{ ; thff oa`t ~eg~ gff `b G{a`fn \letg{}jajddj{$|b``~|~jy| gan {z|~fj `b eh| fjg~ej{ lf`~ehad tj{j l{jg~jn kx g bhrjb``~ t`cga! êj|j yj`yfj g{j z|zgffx lgffjn b`fjx tgfoj{| `{ b`fjxg{~h|~|!

êj b`fjx jnh~`{ ~eja lfjga| ~e`|j |`zan& le``|j| ~ej c`|~ bh~~had~goj| gan cgoj| |z{j ~ejx gff |xal ~` ~ej yhl~z{j y{`yj{fx! êj b`fjxchuj{ ~eja n`j| eh|/ej{ ~ehad!

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Aju~ l`cj jbbjl~|! B`fjx g{j jbbjl~| ~``& kz~ ~ejx g{j g |yjlhgflg~jd`{x gan lga kj|~ kj nj|l{hkjn g| fhrj l{jg~jn |~znh` jbbjl~|!Jbbjl~| g{j z|zgffx c`{j ejgrhfx jnh~jn gan {jl`{njn b{`c gff ohan| `byfglj|! G f`~ `b jbbjl~| g{j l{jg~jn kx fgxj{had |`zan| à ~`y `b jgle`~ej{& legadhad ~ejh{ yh~le gan f`znaj||& jnh~had kh~| `z~ gan gnnhad

`~ej{|!

Cgax jbbjl~| x`z$ff ejg{ g{j yeàj gan n``{ kjff| {hadhad& c`khfjyeàj kjjy|& n``{| `b e`z|j| gan lg{| `yjahad gan lf`|had& tjgyà|e`~|& |fgy|& lg{ |ohn|& cglehaj| `b gax ohan& |yglj |ehy| bfxhadg{`zan& juyf`|hà|& ~` agcj g bjt!

B`{ jugcyfj& g b{hjan `b chaj gan H l{jg~jn ~ej |`zan `b g |cgfft``nja {`thad k`g~ eh~~had g fg{dj{ t``nja |ghfhad |ehy gan |l{gyhadgfàd h~| |hnj kx yh~lehad n`ta g oa`lo à g fg{dj t``nja n``{ b`{~ej hcygl~ `b ~ej {`thad k`g~ gan |ehy& gan yh~lehad n`ta ~ej |`zan

`b g |og~jk`g{n {`ffhad gan |l{gyhad gfàd g egfbyhyj!

êj ~jleahwzj| {jwzh{jn ~` y{`yj{fx eganfj |`zan| fhoj ~ej|j g{jz|jn ha gff ohan| `b y{`nzl~hà|! Gznh` k`ò|& cz|hl y{`nzl~hà&|`zan jbbjl~| l{jg~hà !!! x`z agcj h~!

B`{ c`{j à ~eh| |zkmjl~& {jgn ~ej Gznh` Y`|~ BGW g~ttt!bhfc|`zan!`{d!

\` fj~$| mzcy ha ~` ~ej b{gx gan f`ò g~ e`t x`z lga eganfj x`z{|`zan| ha Gznglh~x!

HH!Jnh~had b`{ Kjdhaaj{|

Yg{~ ; # Lz~& L`yx gan Yg|~j # Yg{~ ;

B{`c ej{j à x`z cgx jal`za~j{ bzaax fj~~j{ l`ckhag~hà| ha kùj|fhoj ~eh|!

êj|j g{j ojxk`g{n |e`{~lz~| ~` ~ej bzal~hà| y{j|ja~jn ~` x`z ha~ej ~ju~! êj|j lga kj jh~ej{ |hadfj ojx| %j!d! \YGLJ( `{l`ckhag~hà| ~eg~ ajjn ~` kj ejfn n`ta g~ ~ej |gcj~hcj%j!d!L^[FL(! X`z lga z|zgffx l{jg~j x`z{ `ta! Lejlo `z~ ~ej

~eh| ygdj b`{ c`{j nj~ghf|!

êj c`|~ kg|hl jnh~had |~jy h| lz~ gan yg|~j! H~$| teg~ yj`yfj nhnth~e ~gyj gan h~$| jg|x th~e ng~g ha l`cyz~j{|& |` ~goj g f`ò g~~ej|j kg|hl `yj{g~hà|& {jbj{{jn ~` g| Lz~& L`yx gan Yg|~j! êjaju~ ygdj thff eganfj \hfjalj& Nzyfhlg~j gan \yfh~! X`z cgx gf|`tga~ ~` lejlo `z~ ~ej {jbj{jalj |jl~hà& |` x`z$ff oa`t tej{j ~` bhangff ~ej ~``f| gan e`t ~` {j|h}j ~{glo| b`{ jugcyfj!

Y@NLG\^HAD Y[@NZL^\


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H~ h| g||zcjn ~eg~ x`z egrj g y{`mjl~ `yja gan ~eg~ g~ fjg|~ àj~{glo `b gznh` cg~j{hgf h| y{j|ja~!

Fj~$| ~goj g f`ò g~ ~eh| jugcyfj `b ga Gznglh~x than`t=

êj Rhjt

êj Gznglh~x Than`t

G| x`z lga |jj kx ~ej d{gyehl| gk`rj& ~ej ~hcj |ehb~ ~``f h||jfjl~jn! H~ h| z|jn ~` c`rj ~ej ja~h{j gznh` lfhy g{`zan ha|hnj h~|~{glo!

êj lz{|`{ %fh~~fj kfhaohad fhaj gl{`|| g ~{glo gan ~ej ~hcjfhaj( thff{jcgha g~ h~| y`|h~hà& |` jbbjl~hrjfx x`z$ff kj |fhnhad x`z{ gznh`cg~j{hgf zanj{ajg~e ~ej lz{|`{!

Fj~$| |gx tj tga~ ~` lz~ `z~ ~eg~ kh~ ha ~ej chnnfj ~eja! Bh{|~ tj$rj

d`~ ~` |jfjl~ h~!

Cgohad g |jfjl~hà

^` |jfjl~ ~ej yg{~ x`z th|e ~` lz~& l`yx `{ yg|~j ~`& z|j ~ej |jfjl~hà

~``f ! Hb h~$| a`~ gl~hrg~jn& n` |` a`t kx lfhlohad à h~ ha ~ej~``fkg{!

Y@NLG\^HAD Y[@NZL^\


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A`t y{j|| gan e`fn ~ej fjb~ c`z|j kz~~à tehfj x`z n{gd ~ej c`z|j~` cg{o ga g{jg!

êh| g{jg h| ng{oj{ ~ega ~ej |z{{`zanhad g{jg `b ~ej lfhy! A`~j& ~eg~jrja ~e`zde x`z lga cg{o ga g{jg fg{dj{ ~ega `{ ju~janhad kjxàn

~ej gl~zgf gznh` lfhy ha ~ej ~{glo& ~ej `yj{g~hà| thff àfx t`{o à ~ejgl~zgf lfhy! Yfgxkglo e`tjrj{ thff t`{o `z~|hnj ~ej lfhy!

Y{j|| ~ej |yglj kg{ ~` fh|~ja ~` ~ej gznh` ha ~ej cg{ojn g{jg!

^` ju~jan `{ là~{gl~ x`z{ |jfjl~hà& e`fn n`ta ~ej \EHB^ kz~~àgan lfhlo à ~ej g{jg x`z th|e x`z{ |jfjl~hà ~` ju~jan `{ là~{gl~~`!

Hb x`z lfhlo g~ g |y`~ ~eg~ h| à ~ej {hde~ egan |hnj b{`c ~ej chnnfj `b

~ej lz{{ja~ |jfjl~hà& x`z thff |j~ ~ej {hde~ egan k`zang{x `b x`z{ajt |jfjl~hà!

Lz~~had ~ej |jfjl~hà

Lz~ ~ej |jfjl~hà kx |jfjl~had +Lz~+ b{`c ~ej Jnh~cjaz !!!

`{ y{j||L^[FU!

Kjb`{j ~ej lz~ Gb~j{ ~ej lz~

^` zan` ~eh| `yj{g~hà& |jfjl~ Zan` ha ~ej Jnh~ cjaz `{ y{j||L^[F]

Y@NLG\^HAD Y[@NZL^\


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L`yx thff l`yx ~ej |jfjl~hà ~` ~ej lfhyk`g{n!

X`z lga ~eja yg|~j ~eg~ ng~g kglo ha ~` gax ~{glo kx lfhlohad tej{jx`z tga~ ~eh| gznh` ~` kj ha|j{~jn gan |jfjl~ Yg|~j ha ~ej Jnh~ cjaz&

`{ y{j|| L^[FR!

êz| yg|~had h| ~ej `yy`|h~j `b lz~~had! X`z lga gf|` l`yx cg~j{hgf&cgoj ga`~ej{ |jfjl~hà th~e ~ej c`z|j gan ~eja yg|~j! êh| thff{jyfglj ~ej |jfjl~jn cg~j{hgf th~e ~ej là~ja~| `b ~ej lfhyk`g{n& a`cg~~j{ e`t |e`{~ `{ fàd jh~ej{ `b ~ejc g{j!

Nz{had gff `yj{g~hà| `b ~eh| ohan& ~ej k`~~`c {`t `b ~ej |l{jja thffnh|yfgx ~t` ~ehad|& agcjfx ~ej |~g{~ ~hcj gan ~ej jan ~hcj `b x`z{|jfjl~hà! êj nh|yfgx ~` ~ej fjb~ hb ~eg~ lgffjn +Y{`mjl~ {g~j=+ gan h~|rgfzj& njbgzf~had ~` >>799& lga kj legadjn kx lfhlohad à ~eg~azckj{ gan |jfjl~had ga`~ej{ b{`c ~ej n{`y#n`ta cjaz!

Gff bhfj|& a` cg~~j{ tehle thff kj yfgxjn g~ ~eg~ {g~j! \e`zfn ~ej|gcyfj {g~j `b g ~{glo kj nhbbj{ja~ b{`c ~ej Y{`mjl~ [g~j& ~ej|j~{glo| thff |~z~~j{ g~ ~{glo |gcyfj {g~j| |j~ f`tj{ ~ega ~ej Y{`mjl~[g~j! Gznglh~x thff tg{a x`z & hb ga gznh` bhfj h| `b g |gcyfj {g~jnhbbj{ja~ b{`c ~ej lz{{ja~ Y{`mjl~ [g~j! Gznglh~x thff a`~ legadj ~ej|gcyfj {g~j `b gax hcy`{~jn gznh` ~e`zde!

HH!Jnh~had b`{ Kjdhaaj{|

Yg{~ < # \hfjalj& Nzyfhlg~j gan \yfh~ # Yg{~ # \yfh~~had gan \zkchuj| # Yg{~ >

C`rhad kh~| `b ga Gznh` ~{glo

Ha gff y{`mjl~| x`z$ff kj yz|ehad x`z{ gznh` g{`zan g~ |`cj y`ha~!@~ej{th|j& teg~ g{j x`z n`had ej{j 0

êj{j g{j ~jleahwzj|& jg|hfx glehjrgkfj th~e Gznglh~x& ~` l`rj{gfc`|~ gax ohan |ehb~had x`z$n tga~ ~` n`! Ha `z{ jugcyfj& tj egrjg |cgff |ja~jalj `b |yjjle& tej{j ~ej |yjgoj{ cgnj g ygz|j gb~j{~ej bh{|~ t`{n! Tj$n fhoj ~` jfhchag~j ~eg~ ygz|j!

êj yg{~ gb~j{ ~ej ygz|j h| |jfjl~jn

\jfjl~

êja ~ej |yfh~ bzal~hà h| z|jn ~` y`y ~ej |jfjl~jn gznh` ~` g ajt~{glo

Y@NLG\^HAD Y[@NZL^\


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\yfh~

êj ^hcj \ehb~ ^``f h| |jfjl~jn gan ~ej gznh` à ~ej f`tj{ ~{glo h|c`rjn fjb~!

C`rj Gznh` gan |jfjl~ b`{ bgnhad

A`t& h~$| g d``n hnjg ~` fh|~ja ~`~ej ~t` ~{glo| hanhrhnzgffx b`{

k{jg~ehad |`zan| b`{ jugcyfj!

Z|j ~ej |`f` kz~~à `b ~ej ~{glo|b`{ ~eh|! êja fh|~ja ~ejc k`~e ha~ej chu! Gdgha& x`z lga z|j ~ej|`f` kz~~à| b`{ ~eh|!

Hb x`z egrj g f`~ `b `~ej{ ~{glo|

^t` ~eh{n|& gan a`~ ~ej te`fj`rj{fgyyhad gznh`& g{j le`|ja ~`

ojjy ~ej fjrjf `b gznh` là|~ga~!Hb ~ej te`fj `rj{fgyyhad yg{~|tj{j bgnjn& x`z t`zfn dj~ g fjrjfn{`y `b


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yfgxhad g~ ~ej |gcj ~hcj& y{j||~ej |`f` kz~~à| à k`~e ~{glo|!êj{j |e`zfn kj a` `rj{ fgyyhad`{ lz~#`bb k{jg~ehad |`zan|!

Teja x`z${j |g~h|bhjn& bgnj `z~~ej fg|~ ~t` ~eh{n| `b ~ej`rj{fgyyhad zyyj{ yg{~ `b ~ej~{glo& gan bgnj ha ~ej bh{|~ ~t`~eh{n| `b ~ej f`tj{ `rj{fgyyhadgznh`!

gan ~eja bgnhad ~ej ~{glo|& àjbgnhad `z~& ~ej |jlàn bgnhad ha!Ha ~ej chnnfj `b ~e`|j bgnj|& ~ejfjrjf `b ~ej chu thff n{`y gznhkfx!N` g bgnj `rj{ fg|~ ~t` ~eh{n| b`{~ej bgnj `z~ gan bh{|~ ~t` ~eh{n|b`{ ~ej bgnj ha& gan x`z y{`kgkfxtà$~ a`~hlj gax legadj ha fjrjf!

^t` ~eh{n| h| g dzhnjfhaj& kz~ a`~~ej fgt& |` x`z cgx egrj ~`juyj{hcja~ g fh~~fj!

Chuhad h~ kglo ~`dj~ej{ gdgha

'''[jcjckj{'''

êj bhagf chu h| nàj th~e ~ej Juy`{~ g| TGR bzal~hà ha ~ej BhfjCjaz! Ej{j tj$ff kj f`òhad g~ l{jg~had |zkchuj| th~e ~ej Wzhlo Chubzal~hà!

X`z$rj nàj g f`~ `b jnh~| gan a`t egrj n`}ja| `b fh~~fj ~{glo| th~efh~~fj kh~| gan yhjlj| ej{j gan ~ej{j! H~ chde~ f`ò fhoj ~eh|=

Kh~| gan Yhjlj| |y{jgn gff `rj{ ~ej |l{jjaBh{|~ b`z{ ~{glo| |jfjl~jn b`{ wzhlo chuhad

Tj lga z|j ~ej Wzhlo Chu bzal~hà ha ~ej Y{`mjl~ cjaz ~` k{had n`ta~ej azckj{ `b ~{glo|! E`tjrj{& x`z nà$~ ajjn ~` chu jrj{x~ehad ha~` àj ajt ~{glo!

\jfjl~ ~ej ~{glo| x`z tga~ ~` chu ~`dj~ej{ kx \EHB^lfhlo $had à~ej ~{glo ygajf|! Ha ~ej d{gyehl| gk`rj& ~ej bh{|~ b`z{ ~{glo| g{j|jfjl~jn!

êja |jfjl~ Wzhlo Chu! Ha ~eh| jugcyfj H egrj wzhlo chujnjrj{x~ehad n`ta ~` ~t` ~{glo| =

Y@NLG\^HAD Y[@NZL^\


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Kh~| gan Yhjlj|& wzhlo chujn n`ta ~` ~t` ~{glo|

Gan ~ez|& ~t` |zkchuj| tj{j l{jg~jn! [jcjckj{ ~e`zde& ~eg~ tjnhn ~eh| b`{ làrjahjalj `b a`~ egrhad ~` `{dgah}j g fg{dj azckj{ `{~{glo|!

Hb x`z |~hff tga~ ~` |ehb~ kh~| g{`zan fg~j{ à& x`z |e`zfn cgoj |z{j~eg~ ~ej yg{~| kjhad chujn ~` g ~{glo n` a`~ `rj{fgy& |` x`z lga|yfh~ h~ gtgx gan jnh~ h~ gdgha fg~j{!

^z~`{hgf # HHH!L`ccà Jnh~had ^g|o|

Yg{~ 7 # Wzhlohj| # Yg{~ 7

êh| ygdj thff dhrj x`z ga hnjg `b |`cj `b ~ej y`||hkfj ~ehad| x`zlga n` th~e Gznglh~x gan tgfo x`z ~e{`zde ~ej y{`lj||!

\yfh~~had ga CY< ha~` ~t` |jyg{g~jbhfj|

%Kjb`{j x`z ~{x ~` juy`{~ CY!( Z|had ~ej ~hcj |ehb~ ~``f& c`rj ~ej nzyfhlg~jn gckhgalj nh{jl~fx

kjajg~e ~ej bh{|~ |hfjaljn yg{~ ha x`z{ r`lgf ~{glo!

:!( A`t |jfjl~ ~ej ja~h{j ~{glo kx lfhlohad à ~{glo ygajf mz|~kjajg~e ~ej \`f` kz~~à|& gan nzyfhlg~j h~! Cz~j ~eg~ ajt ~{glo!êh| thff kj `z{ bhffj{ b`{ ~ej aju~ dgy ha ~ej `{hdhagf ~{glo!

2!( ^z{a x`z{ g~~ja~hà kglo ~` ~ej bh{|~ kh~ `b gckhjalj& ~eg~ h| a`t{hde~ zanj{ajg~e ~ej kh~ ~eg~ tj |hfjaljn ha `z{ r`lgf ~{glo!

Z|had ~ej Jarjf`yj ^``f

` \th~le ~` ~ej jarjf`yj ~``f

` Fjb~#Lfhlo ha ~` ga g{jg ~` l{jg~j g ajt gz~`cg~hà y`ha~ `{ fjb~#

lfhlo à ga juh|~had gz~`cg~hà y`ha~ gan n{gd ~` legadj ~ejf`lg~hà `b ~ej y`ha~!

` êj gz~`cg~hà x`z egrj t{h~~ja {jcgha| k`f~jn ~` ~ej gznh`& |`

h~ thff c`rj gfàd th~e ~ej gznh` teja x`z z|j ~ej ~hcj|ehb~~``f!

Y@NLG\^HAD Y[@NZL^\


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` Ga jugcyfj=

Z|had ~ej jarjf`yj ~``f # ga jugcyfj

^` Yz{leg|j Y{hrg~j Fgkjf [hde~| ~` ^eh|[jy`{~& Yfjg|j Lfhlo Ej{j

^` Dj~ C`{j Y{hrg~j Fgkjf L`a~ja~ & Yfjg|j Rh|h~`z{ YF[ \~`{j
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