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Humanitarian System
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Six deadly glitches in the system
1. Starting models2. Does evidence matter3. Compliance4. State avoiding5. Emergency6. Market seduction
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1: Poor starting models
Darfur is Islamic Arab raiders V Non Islamic Settled villagersAfghanistan is post Taliban non-conflict
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2: Does evidence matter?
Data
Analysis
Response
Impartiality
“Without data and analysis there is no impartiality”
Evidence
Evidence Driven
Proven model
Fit to Context
FeedbackMonitoring
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Sex and Age1. Collecting & using data is good! But ….2. Virtually no collection in Phase I & II 3. Education & Shelter do better4. When collected , little used5. Where used, demonstrable difference
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Why?
• Evidence doesn’t matter• Donors and cluster
leaders not interested• Don’t believe it is
possible • Collecting evidence
makes us accountable
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Does Needs Assessment matter?
Disaster Programming
Needs Assessment
Political calculus
Cash flow needs
We have always done it this way
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What you Measure is What you Get
Input
Process
Output
Outcom
e
Impact
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Why don’t you collect?
• “We report against deliverables. Our HQ and donors only want to hear success.”
• “Donors and cluster leaders are not interested”
• “Collecting evidence makes us accountable and open to risk.”
3: Quality & Compliance
• Standards & Systems • Flexibility, Context
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Counter-Bureaucracy
Risk & Quality
Compliance
“The demands of [compliance] are now so intrusive that they have distorted, misdirected, and disfigured USAID‘s development practice to such a degree that it is compromising U.S. national security objectives and challenging established principles of good development practice.”
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ReliefDev’
4:Not all states are bad
Host State Avoiding
Host State Enhancing
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Managing risk and response is normal
• National Disaster Response Law
• New partnerships• Citizen expectations• Quality assurance
expectations
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5: Emergency?
70%
20%
10%
Column1
>8 years4-8 years<4 years
Source: Development Initiatives 2011
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Chronic crisis 1990, 2010
Sudan Ethiopia Somalia Angola Mozambique
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6 Show me the money
• Gov Pakistan. 1.5 million people via Visa
• Horn of Africa 600,000 via cash through Hawala
Interventionist
Anecdote
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Abnormal
Risk transfer
Evidence
Normal
PowerfulAgile