CPCB Guidelines for TPP

7/28/2019 CPCB Guidelines for TPP

1/17

Performance Review of Thermal Power Stations 2001-02 Section 14 Page no. 14.1

SECTION-14

ENVIRONMENTAL ASPECTS IN POWER SECTOR

14.1. INTRODUCTIONThe implementation of power projects requires clearance from Ministry

of Environment and Forests from the following aspects :

a) Environmental aspectsb) Forest (Conservation) Act 1980 angle

The above clearances are communicated separately and a Project

requiring both clearance is deemed to be cleared by MOEF only after the

clearance from both aspects is given.

14.2. ENVIRONMENT CLEARANCEThe Environment Impact Assessment (EIA) Notification `1994, inter-alia,

provides that expansion or modernisation or a new power project shall not

be undertaken in the country unless accorded environment clearance by

the Central Government in the Ministry of Environment and Forest

(MOEF).

This however, does not apply to projects with investment costs less than

50 crores.

The above EIA Notification, sets out procedure for clearance of projects.

For site specific projects, such as hydro electric and pit head thermal

power stations, the site clearance is to be obtained first from MOEF forinitiation of any surveys and investigations. The MOEF would convey a

decision regarding suitability of otherwise of the site within 30 days.

Thereafter, for such site specific projects are to be submitted by the

proponents to MOEF for clearance. The reports shall be evaluated and

assessed by the Impact Assessment Agency which may consult a

Committee of Experts. If required, comments of the public may be

solicited and public hearing arranged. The Notification stipulates that the

assessment shall be completed within a period of ninety days from the

receipt of the requisite documents and data hearing, where required, and

decision conveyed within thirty days thereafter. The clearance granted is

valid for a period of five years for commencement of the

construction/operation.


2/17


14.3.0 ENVIRONMENTAL APPRAISAL OF THERMAL POWER

PROJECTS

The proponents of thermal power projects including coal/lignite fired

thermal, gas, combined cycle gas based and co-generation projects submit

20 copies of the application to MOEF in the specified Performa along

with the Environmental Impact Report/Environment Management Plan.

The impact Assessment Agency examines the reports and calls for

additional data, documents. on receipt of complete information, the

projects are placed before the committee of Experts for thermal powerstations. If needed, visits to recommendations of the Committee of

Experts, MOEF further process the projects for clearance/rejection of the

proposals. The cases rejected for non furnishing of complete information

may be reopened on the receipt of complete information.

The expert committee Constituted by MOEF and represented by Chief

Engineer (C&E) CEA, had considered 31 schemes with 17498.55 MW

installed capacity during 1998-99. Out of these, 24 schemes with

10786.55 MW installed capacity had been given clearance fromenvironmental angle.

14.4.0 ENVIRONMENT CONCERNS OF THERMAL POWER

STATIONS

The products of combustion in thermal power plants using coal/lignite

LDO/Naphtha are gaseous emissions containing carbon dioxide, oxides of

sulfur and Nitrogen as also solid particulate matter (ash) where

coal/lignite is used. Beside these, the waste water from the process

contains pollutants.

14.4.1 AIR POLLUTION

Initially, perceptions of objectionable effects of air pollutants were

limited to those easily detected like odour and smoke stacks. Later, it was

the concern over long term/chronic effects that led to the identification of

six criteria pollutants. These six criteria pollutants are sulfur DI-oxide

(S02), Carbon Mono-oxide (CO), Nitrogen oxide (NO2), Dzone (D#),

suspended particulate and non methane hydrocarbons (NMHC) Ozonereferred to as volatile organic compounds (VDC). There is substantial

evidence linking them to health effects at high concentrations. Three of


3/17


whom namely O3,SO2 and NO2 are also known phytotoxicants (toxic tovegetation). In the later part Lead (Pb) was added to that list.

Green House Gases which are responsible for temprature enhancement

cause global warming. These Green House Gases are CO2. (Carbon

dioxide), CH4 (Methane), N20 (Nitous Oxide) & CO (Carbon Monoxide)

14.4.1.1. OXIDES OF NITROGEN (NOX )

All combustion processes are sources of NOx at the high temperature

generated in the combustion process. Formation of NOx may be due tothermal NOx which is the result of oxidation of nitrogen in the air and

due to fuel NOX which is due to nitrogen present in the fuel. In general,

higher the combustion temperature the higher NOx is produced.

14.4.1.2 OXIDES OF SULPHUR

The combustion of sulfur containing fossil fuels, especially coal is the

primary source of SOX. About 97 to 99% of SOX emitted from

combustion sources is in the form of sulfur dioxide which is a criteriapollutant, the reminder is mostly SO3, which in the presence of

atmosphere water is transformed into Sulfuric Acid at higher

concentrations, produce deleterious effects on the respiratory system.

14.4.1.3. PARTICULATE MATTER

The terms particulate matter, particulate, particles are used

interchangeably and all refer to finely divided solids and liquids dispersed

in the air.

14.4.2 WATER POLLUTION

Water pollution refers to any change in natural waters that may impair

further use of the water, caused by the introduction of organic or

inorganic substances or a change in temperature of the water.

In thermal power stations the source of water is either river, lake, pond or

sea where from water is usually taken. There is possibility of water being

contaminated from the source itself. Further contamination or pollutioncould be added by the pollutants of thermal power plant waste as

inorganic or organic compounds.


4/17


14.4.3 LAND DEGRADATION

The thermal power stations are generally located on the non-forest land

and do not involve much Resettlement and Rehabilitation problems.

However it`s effects due to stack emission etc, on flora and fauna, wild

life sanctuaries and human life etc. have to be studied for any adverse

effects. One of the serious effects of thermal power stations land

requirement for ash disposal and hazardous elements percolation to

ground water through ash disposal in ash ponds. Due to enormous

quantity of ash content in Indian coal, approximately 1 Acre per MW ofinstalled thermal capacity is required for ash disposal.

14.4.4 NOISE POLLUTION

Some areas inside the plant will have noisy equipments such as crushers,

belt conveyors, fans, pumps, milling plant, compressors, boiler, turbine

etc. Various measures taken to reduce the noise generation and exposure

of workers to high noise levels in the plant area will generally include :

i) Silencers of fans, compressors, steam safety valves etc.

ii) Using noise absorbent materials.

iii) Providing noise barriers for various areas.

iv) Noise proof control rooms.

v) Provision of green belt around the plat will further reduce noise

levels.

14.5.0 REGULATORY MEASURES

14.5.1 AIR (PREVENTION & CONTROL OF POLLUTION) ACT, 1981.

In India, 1st Air (Prevention & Control of Pollution) Act was enacted in

1981 with amendments in 1987 for prevention, control and abatement of

air pollution and it came into force with effect from May 91. The act

provides for Central as well as State Boards with such powers and

functions as necessary to provide and control the quality of Air. National

ambient air quality standards by Central Pollution Control Board have

been issued vide Gazette Notification of April 94. For wider dispersal of

SO2, stack height of different capacity units have been stipulated. Forunits less than 500 MW the stack height has been stipulated as 220 meters

whereas 500 MW units it is 275 meters.


5/17


14.5.2 ENVIRONMENT (PROTECTION) ACT 1986

Environment (Protection) Act 1986 came into force w.e.f. 19.11.86 and

provides for protection, improvement of environment and for matters

connected therewith. It empowers the Central Govt. to take all such

measures as deemed necessary for protecting and meeting quality of

environment and preventing, controlling and abating environmental

pollution. Standards for liquid effluents have been issued under PEA

Notification, dated 19th

November, 1986

1986 Environment Protection Act has much sharper teeth and provides

for stringent punishment for any violation of Act. As per Sec. 15 of the

Act, whosoever fails to comply or contravenes any of the provisions of

this Act, may be punished with imprisonment which may extend unto five

years or with fine extending unto Rs. one lake or both. In case the failure

continues for more than one year, the imprisonment may be extended to

seven years.

14..5.3 EMISSION/EFFLUENTS STANDARDS

The standards for emissions/effluent have been notified by the

CPCB/MOEF as under :

14.5.3.1 SUSPENDED PARTICULATE MATTER (SPUME)

The bulk of the ash produced from the combustion of coal / lights in the

thermal power station and carried by the flue gases is trapped by the

Espies or bag filters and only a small quantity escapes through stacks.

The Espies of such designs and efficiency are provided that limits the

SPUME in the stack emissions below the prescribed norms. The

standards for SPUME levels as notified by MEd are given at Annex

14.1


6/17


14.5.3.2 SULPHUR DIOXIDE EMISSIONS

The non-cooking coal available in the country earmarked for power

generation generally contains low level of sulphur unto 0.50% except for

the coal available in the North Eastern region of the country. There are

no prescribed sulphur dioxide is sought to be achieved by prescribing

minimum sac k height limits for power stations which are given at Annex

14.2. The Indian Air quality Standards prescribed by CPCB stipulates

the limits of SPUME, SOx, NOx, Respriable particulate matter (RPM)

CO & Pb in the ambient air. These standards are given at Annex 14.3

Even using high sulphur coal, the sulphur dioxide emission can be

reduced in the boilers using fluidised bed combustion technology. The

sulphur dioxide produced in the combustion is mixed in the boiler with

the lime fed alongwith the coal.

14.5.3.3 NITROGEN OXIDE EMISSIONS

The formation of Nitrogen oxide depends on the temperature and

residence time of gases in the combustion chamber at that temperature.The formation of Nitrogen oxide can be reduced by providing low

nitrogen oxide burners. No norms for the nitrogen oxide emission at

stack have been notified by MOEF for coal/lignite fired thermal power

stations.

The levels of Nitrogen dioxide in the ambient air are prescribed by the

AAQ standards which would limit the concentration of nitrogen oxide

producing industries in an area.

145.3.4 EFFLUENT DISCHARGE

The process of power generation produces liquid effluents. The standards

for liquid effluents from power stations have been prescribed in the EPA

Notification dated 19th

Nov. 1986 which are reproduced at Annex 14.4.


7/17


14.6.0 OTHER ISSUES

14.6.1 COAL WASHING/BENEFICIATION.

Number of studies have been conducted in the past to quantify the

economics of using beneficiated coal in Indian power stations. These

studies have indicated in quantitative terms the benefits of using washed

coal both in terms of O&M as well as capital cost of the project. Vide

MOEF Notification dated 19th

September, 1997, (Annexure vi) certain

categories of thermal plants are required to use washed coal containingash not more than 34 % by June 2001. These plants include the thermal

plants located beyond one thousand Km. from pit heads and thermal

plants located in urban areas or sensitive areas. Subsequently a

committee was formed under the chairmanship of Member (Thermal),

CEA to examine the ways and means of implementation MOEF

Notification vide MOP Office Order No. dated. The committee was

submitted its report in February 2000. Subsequently MOP has set up two

more committee for implementing the recommendations of the main

committee.

14.6.2 FLY ASH UTILISATION

The Coal/Lignite fired thermal power stations produce enormous

quantities of ash. The ash has traditionally been disposed off in the ash

ponds which has the potential of polluting the surface and ground water

unless adequate care is taken. In order to check the percolation of ash

effluents to the ground water, ash pond lining is being provided wherever

necessary. The fly ash collected in the dry form, could however, be

beneficially used for brick making and cement manufacturing. Incentives

have been issued by the ministry of Power letter of 27th

May 1996.

Which are reproduced at Annexure 14.5. Inspite of all out efforts only 5

% of ash is being utilised for gainful purpose at present. The notification

dated 14-9-99 issued by MOEF in respect of Fly ash is reproduced at

Annexure 14.6.

14.6.3 FLUE GAS DESULPHRISATION (FGD) PLANT

The MOEF insists on making space provision for FGD Plant in thedesigns of thermal power units of 500 MW and above capacity as also at

stations with capacity of 1500 to 2000 MW to facilitate their addition at a


8/17


later date in case of the need for such plant is established. In case ofsensitive areas the installation of FGD is insisted upon even for stations

with smaller installation.

14.6.4 MONITORING OF ENVIRONMENTAL STATUS OF THERMAL

POWER STATIONS IN INDIA

CEA has also been actively engaged in the monitoring of environmental

status of thermal power stations in the country. Monthly environmental

status reports in respect of Stack emission, AAQ and effluent discharges

are received from the thermal power stations, analysed and remedialmeasures suggested where ever required. Some of thermal units being

operated do not have requisite infrastructure for environmental

monitoring. Where-ever the units are not meeting statutory

environmental requirements, are unable to install/replace existing ESP`s

etc. due to paucity of funds. Though provisions exist in the law for

closing down of the thermal power stations for not meeting

environmental standards, we can hardly afford to close any unit in the

power starved situation. Though, at present emphasis is laid on meeting

particulate matter from stack emission, even for that regularly data is notbeing received from some of thermal power stations.


9/17


Annexure 14.1

THERMAL POWER PLANTS : EMISSION STANDARDS

NOTIFICATION

MOEF vide Notification of 19th

May 1993 issued as amendment rules to

environment (Protection) Act 1986. The particulate matter emission limits forthermal power stations are as follows :-

(i) Generation capacity 62.5 MW or more - 150 mg/Nm3

(ii) Generation capacity less than 62.5 MW and plant

Commissioned prior to 1.1.82 - 350 mg/Nm3

(iii) Units located in protected area irrespective of

generation capacity. - 150 mg/Nm3

Annexure 14.2

THERMAL POWER PLANTS : STACK HEIGHT/LIMITS

Generation Capacity Stack Height (Metres)

500 MW and above 275

200 MW/210 MW and above to

less than 500 MW

Less than 200 MW/210 MW

220

H=14 (Q) 0.3

where Q is emission rate of SO2,

in Kg/h, and H is Stack height in

metres

Source : EPA Notification

(G.S.R. 742 (E), dt. 30th Aug, 1990.


10/17


Annexure-14.3ENVIROMENT & FORESTS

CENTRAL POLLUTION BOARD

NATIONAL AMBIENT AIR QUALITY STANDARDS, NOTFN. 11.4.94

S.O. 384(E) - The central pollution Control Board in exercise of its

power conferred under section 16 (2) (n) of the Air (Prevention and Control of

pollution) Act, 1981 (14 of 1981) hereby notify the National Ambient Air

Quality standards with immediate effect.

As per CPCB notification dt. 11.4.94,A.A.Q standard has been given

below in brackets.SCHEDULE I

Concentration in Ambient Air

Pollutant Time

weighted

average

Indl.

Area

(ug/m3)

Res. Rural

Other

areas

(ug/m3)

Sensitive

Area

(ug/m3)

Method of

measure

Sulphur

Dioxide(SO2)

* Annual

average

** 24 hours

80

120

60

80

15

30

1. Improve

West &Gacke

method

2. Ultraviolet

flourescence

Oxides of

Nitrogen

* Annual

Average

** 24 hour

80

120

60

80

15

30

1. Jacob and

Hochheiser

modified (Na

Arsenite

2. Gas Phase

Chemilumin

scene

Suspended

Particulate

Matter

(SPM)

* Annual

Average

** 24 hour

360

500

140

200

70

100

High Volume

sampling, (Avg.

flow rate not less

than 1.1m3/min

Respirable

particulatematter (size

less than 10

Annual

Average

** 24 hours

120

150

60

100

50

75


11/17


Concentration in Ambient AirPollutant Time

weighted

average

Indl.

Area

(ug/m3)

Res. Rural

Other

areas

(ug/m3)

Sensitive

Area

(ug/m3)

Method of

measure

um)(RPM)

Lead (Pb) Annual

Average

** 24 hours

1.0

1.5

0.75

1.0

0.50

0.75

AAS method

after sampling.

Using ERM

2000 of equiv.

Filter paper.

Carbon

monooxide

(CO)

** 8 hour

mg/m3

1 hour

mg/m3

5.0

10.0

2.0

4.0

1.0

2.0

Non dispersive

infrared

spectroscopy

* Annual Arithmetic Mean of minimum 104 measurements in a year taken

twice a week 24 hours at uniform intervals.

** 24 hours/8 hours values should be met 98% of the time in a year. However,

2% of time, it may exceed but not on two consecutive days.


12/17


ANNEXURE 14.4

THERMAL POWER PLANT : STANDARDS FOR LIQUID EFFLUENT

SOURCE

PARAMETERS STANDARDS MAX.

LIMITING

CONCENTRATION mg/1

(EXECPT FOR pH &

TEMP.)

Condenser Cooling Water

(once through cooling

system)

PH

Temperature

6.5 to 8.5

Not more than 7deg. C

higher than the intake

Free available

chlorine

0.5

Boiler Blowdown Suspended

Soilds

Oil & GreaseCopper (Total)

Iron (Total)

100

201.0

1.0

Cooling Tower Blowdown Free available

Chlorine

Zinc

Chromium

(Total)

Phosphate

0.5

1.0

0.2

5.0

Other corrosion Limit to be inhibiting material established on case by case basis

by Central Board in case of Union Territories and state Boards in case of states.

Ash Pond Effluent PH

Suspended

Solids

Oil & Greases

6.5 to 8.5

100

20

Source EPA Notification

(S.O., 844 (E), dt. 19.11.86)

as amended by ---------------notification no.--------------

dt.----


13/17


ANNEXURE 14.5

COPY OF COMPREHENSIVE GUIDELINES FOR FLY ASH

UTILISATION AND DISPOSAL ISSUED BY SECRETARY, MOP

VIDE DO NO.11/16/93-RO(K)/E.II DATED 27.5.1996COMPREHENSIVE GUIDELINES FOR FLY ASH UTILISATION AND

DISPOSAL

(i) Dry fly ash should be supplied by the power stations, free of cost, to the

entrepreneurs for a period of 10 years from the day a unit goes into fly

ash based production. The terms of the supply of ash after the initialperiod of 10 years, should be settled annually by the Power Station

Authorities and the concerned entrepreneurs; in case of disagreement, the

matter could be decided by CEA or Building Materials and Technology

Promotion Council (BMTC) for which a suitable provision should be

incorporated in the contracts.

(ii) Where ever Power Stations do not have dry fly ash collection facilities,

they may be required to set up this facility. All new power stations

should provide arrangements for collection and supply of dry fly ash.

This would be ensured by CEA while appraising projects for techno-economic clearance. If any of the State Electricity Boards (SEBs) dry

ash collection, this would considered by the Ministry of Power as a part

of R&D Scheme.

(iii) All proposals formulated and sponsored by the concerned

Boards/Corporations and Utilities for setting up of the Thermal Power

Plants should, in future, invariably incorporate specific provisions for

promoting the maximum utilisation of fly ash generated by the plants.

Central Electricity Authority would examine such proposals for techno-

economic clearance as are found to comply with these requirements.

(iv) The transportation of fly ash from thermal Power Plant should be the

responsibility of entrepreneurs. No subsidy for transport of fly ash or its

end products would be advisable.

(v) Power utilities should be advised to make arrangements, wherever

possible, for giving land to the prospective entrepreneurs on concessional

terms contiguous to the power stations. However, supply of power

should be settled on case to case basis.

(vi) The Bureau of Indian Standards should formulate Indian Standards on

building materials produced from fly ash or incorporate suitable

amendments in the existing standards to cover these materials.(vii) Financial assistance from Governmental financial institutions at

subsidised rates of interest should be made available to prospective


14/17


entrepreneurs for setting up fly ash based unit for manufacturing buildingmaterials.

(viii) Indigenous equipment required for setting up fly ash based industry

should be exempted from excise duty/sales tax. In case of imported

equipment required for manufacture of building materials utilising fly ash

should be 50 % of the normal rates.

(ix) The end products of coal ash should be exempted for the first 5 years

from excise duty, sales tax etc. where atleast 50% of coal ash is utilised as

raw materials for coal ash utilisation between 25 % to 50 % such

exemption should be 50 % of the normal rates.

(x) All incentives and according the same preferential treatment should beprovided to all coal ash using industries as are given to small scale

industries.

(xi) The technologies developed in R&D institutions should be made

available at low price to the manufacturers.

(xii) Local authorities, including States Govts. need also to liberalise their

industrial policy for establishing ash utilisation industries.


15/17


ANNEXURE 14.6

Notification of MOEF dated 14.9.1999, in respect of Fly Ash.

1. Use of Fly ash bottom ash or pond ash in the manufacture of bricks

and other construction activities:

(i) No person shall within a radios of fifty kilometers from coal or lignite

based thermal power plants, manufacture clay bricks or tiles or blocks for

use in construction activities without mixing of least 25% of ash (fly ash,

bottom ash or pond ash) with soil on weight to weight basis.(ii) The authority for ensuring the use of specified quantity of ash as per para

(I) above shall be the concerned Regional Officers of the State pollution

Control Board or the Pollution Control Committee as the case may be. In

case of non-compliance, the said authority, in addition to cancellation of

consent order issued to establish the brick kiln, shall move the district

administration for cancellation of mining lease. The cancellation of

mining lease shall be decided after due hearing. To enable the said

authority to verify the actual use of ash, the thermal power plant shall

maintain month-wise records of ash made available to each brick kiln.(iii) In case of non-availability of ash from thermal power plant in sufficient

quantities as certified by the said power plant, the stipulation under para

(1) shall be suitably modified (waived/relaxed) by the concerned

State/Union Territory Government.

(iv) Each coal or lignite based thermal power plant shall constitute a dispute

settlement committee which shall include at the General Manager of the

thermal power plant and a representative of All India Brick and Tile

Manufacture`s Federation (AIBTMF). Such a committee shall ensure

unhindered loading and transport of ash without any undue loss of time.

Any unresolved dispute shall be dealt with by State/Union Territory level

committee to be set up by State/Union Territory Government comprising

Member Secretary of the State Pollution Control Board/Pollution Control

Committee, representatives of Ministry of Power in the State/Union

Territory Government and a representative AIBTMF.

2. Utilisation of ash by Thermal Power Plants :

All coal or lignite based thermal power plants shall utilise the ash

generated in he power plants as follows :


16/17


Every coal or lignite based thermal power plant shall make available ash,for a least 10 years from the date of publication of this notification

without any payment or any other consideration, for the purpose of

manufacturing ash based products such as cement, concrete based, bricks,

panels or any other material or for construction of roads, embankment,

dams, dykes or for any other construction activity.

(i) Every coal or lignite based thermal power plant commissioned subject

to environmentally clearance conditions stipulating the submission of

an action plant for full utilisation of fly ash shall, within a period a of

nine years from the publication of this notification, phase out thedumping and disposal of fly ash on land in accordance with the plan.

Such an action plant shall provide for thirty percent of the fly ash

utilisation, within three years from the publication of this notification

with further increase in utilisation by at least 10% points every year

progressively for the next six years to enable utilisation of the entire

fly ash generated in the power plant at least by the end of ninth year

Progress in this regard shall be reviewed after five years.

(ii) (iii)Every coal or lignite based thermal power plant not covered bypara (ii) above shall, within a period of 15 years from the date of

publication of this notification, phase out the utilisation of fly ash in

accordance with the action plan to be drawn up by the power plants.

Such action plan shall provide for 20% of fly ash utilisation within

three years from the date of publication of this notification, with

further increase in utilisation every year progressively for next 12

years to enable utilisation of the entire ash generated in the power

plan.

(iii) All action plan prepared by coal or lignite thermal power plants in

accordance with sub para (ii) and (iii) of para 2 of this notification,

shall be submitted to the Central Control Board, concerned State

Pollution Control Boards/Committee and concerned regional office of

the Ministry of Environment and Forest within a period of six months

from the date of publication of this notification.

(iv) The Central and State Government Agencies, the State Electricity

Boards, the National Thermal Power Corporation and the

management of the thermal power plant shall facilitate in making

available land, electricity and water for manufacturing activities and

provide access to the ash lifting area for promoting and setting up ofash-based production units in the proximity of the area where ash is

generate by power plant.


17/17


(v) Annual implementation report providing information about thecompliance of provision in this notification shall be submitted by the

30th

day of April every year to the Central Pollution Control Board,

concerned State Pollution Control Boards/Committee and concerned

regional office of the Ministry of Environment and Forests by the

Coal or lignite based thermal power plants.

3. Specification for use of ash-based products :

(i) Manufacture of ash-based products such as cement, concrete blocks,bricks, panels or any other material for the use of ash in construction

activity such as in road laying, embankments or use as landfill to

reclaim low lying areas including back filling in abandoned mines or

pitheads or for any other use shall be carried out in accordance with

certification and guidelines laid-down by the Bureau of Indian

Standards, Indian Bureau of Mines, Indian Roads Congress, Central

Building Research Institute, Roorkee, Central Road Research

Institute, in New Delhi, Building Material and Technology Promotion

Council, New Delhi, Central Public Works Department, State PublicWorks Departments and other Central and State Government

Agencies.

(ii) The Central Public Works Departments, Public Works Departments in

the State/Union Territory Government, Development Authority,

Housing Boards, National Highway Authority of India and other

construction agencies including those in the private sector shall also

prescribe the use of ash and ash based products in their respective

schedules of specifications and construction applications, including

appropriate standards and codes of factors, within a period of four

months from the publication of this notification.

(iii) All local authorities shall specify in their respective building bye-laws

and regulations the use of ash and ash based products and

construction techniques in building materials, roads, embankments or

for any other use within a period of four months from the date of

publication of this notification.

Documents

CPCB Guidelines for TPP