Ports, Harbours and Marine Structures

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COWI is an international market

leader in marine and coastal engi-

neering and offers a comprehensive

range of consulting services for all

aspects of projects related to ports,

harbours, coastal and marine struc-

tures. When developing integrated

design solutions to marine projects,

COWI draws upon its in-house

expertise in geotechnics, traffic plan-

ning, roads, rail, bridges, hydraulics,

oil & gas, environment and economy.

COWI has been participating

in marine projects throughout the

world since 1935 and has pioneered

many innovative designs of marine

structures. Today, more than 100

specialist staff in marine engineering

form core teams at the COWI

Group head office in Denmark and

at the COWI subsidiary Ben C. Ger-

wick Inc. in the USA.

With 35 offices at home and

abroad, COWI continues to provide

the quality service for which it is

known.

Feasibility Study, Master Planning, Detailed Design,

Tendering and Supervision of Kuressaare Yacht Harbour,

Estonia.

Contractor’s Designer for Breakwaters and Tanker Berths at Leixoes, Portugal: Design & Construct Contract.

A Market Leader

Comprehensive Services

COWI provides a multidisciplinary

pool of expertise in port, harbour

and marine engineering, including:

• Project definition

• Feasibility studies

• Traffic and transportation

studies

• Master planning

• Design

• Environmental engineering

• Procurement

• Construction management

• Construction supervision

• Maintenance management

• Port operation and management

• Risk assessment

In a constantly changing market,

COWI has the resources and expe-

rience to provide specialist support

to governments, multilateral donors,

private enterprises, contractors and

architects on both large and smaller

scale projects. From feasibility stud-

ies through to construction manage-

ment, COWI’s support is tailored to

the particular needs of the client.

New Ferry Berths in the Port of Copenhagen, Denmark: Client’s Representative for the Design and Construct Contract.

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Strengthening of Jebel Ali Port Quay Walls, U.A.E: Preliminary Design for Design & Construct Procurement.

Quality Management System Certificate and Certification Conditions.

Quality

Quality is a key issue in any COWI

marine project. We operate a Qual-

ity Management System which is

certified within the requirements of

ISO 9001. This assures our client

timely and professional management

of any COWI project.

Phase 1: Design of a New Secant Pile Wall to enable Dredging from -14 m to -16 m.

Phase 2: Design of Prestressed Ground Anchors to be used in the Event of Future Dredging to -17.5 m.

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COWI’s strength in project

planning provides the client

with a decision basis and

alternative options for the

way forward. Activities

conducted within project

planning and appraisal

include:

MIKE 21 Numerical Model of Wave Field Between Bahrain and Qatar.

COWI Gulf Model, Showing Instantaneous Tide Levels.

Creating Options with Project Planning

Wave and Current Modelling

COWI has advanced in-house ca-

pabilities in numerical modelling of

waves and currents in the coastal

zone, including wave disturbance in

harbours.

COWI has developed a Gulf

Model for the simulation of tides,

currents and meteorological effects.

COWI uses the state-of-the-art

modelling software, MIKE 21, de-

veloped at DHI, Water & Environ-

ment.

Recorded time series and statisti-

cally analysed hydrographic and me-

teorological data are used as input

for the models. Large-scale regional

models are developed to transfer

offshore conditions to near shore.

Results from the regional models

are used as input conditions for

more detailed models that include

the port or harbour layout.

Model studies are used to develop

harbour layouts and to predict wave

disturbance at berths. In addition,

Physical and Environmental

Investigations

To facilitate master planning, COWI

provides specification, procurement,

supervision and assessment of the

following physical and environmen-

tal studies:

• Geotechnical investigations

• Bathymetric surveys

• Topographic surveys

• Hydrographic & meteorological

studies

• Hydraulic model studies

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Aerial Photo and Example of Simulation of Wave Disturbance at Køge Harbour, Denmark.

Berthing and Mooring Studies

Numerical models are used to ana-

lyse ship movements and determine

berthing and mooring practises.

COWI specialises in the design of

fender and mooring systems.

COWI staff have participated in

and chaired PIANC (Permanent In-

ternational Association of Naviga-

tional Congresses) Working Group

24, “Movements of Moored Ships

at Berth”.

We specify and participate in real

time simulations to assess naviga-

tion and berthing manoeuvres.

Assessment of Wave Disturbance and Conditions for Moored Container Vessels at the Port of Mina Raysut, Oman.

Design of Floating Fenders, Jebel Ali, U.A.E.

the detailed models enable studies

to determine the relative effects of

open or closed marine structures

within the facility and the possible

benefits of energy reducing mea-

sures.

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Piers and Jetties

Through experience gained from

many projects, COWI has refined

its design process enabling its ex-

perienced specialists to develop in-

novative alternative concepts that

minimise cost.

Optimisation of construction

equipment requirements and sim-

plicity of construction processes are

important considerations in the de-

sign process.

Contractor’s Designer, Firth of Forth, Scotland.

Design of New Superstructure, Venice Pier, Los Angeles, USA.

Sound engineering knowledge and

experience in combination with

advanced numerical modelling sy-

stems enable COWI to provide safe,

economically advantageous designs,

with due consideration to the ma-

rine and coastal environment.

Working globally, COWI is con-

versant with all relevant interna-

tional codes of practice and the

design of structures for seismic

events.

Innovative Design

When COWI acts as designer, we

ensure close collaboration with the

client to combine our ideas and ex-

pertise, resulting in the development

of economical designs that utilise

available plant and material to suit

the specific conditions.

COWI specialises in the design

of durable marine structures and is

continuously developing techniques

to prolong the lifetime of structures,

whilst minimising the initial invest-

ment.

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Tanker Jetties and Berths

COWI’s specialist in-house experi-

ence in oil & gas enables planning

and design for all structural and

service aspects of tanker jetties and

berths.

Contractor’s Designer, Shoaiba New Tanker Terminal.

Design of Loading Platform. ARCO Cherry Point Refinery, USA.

Structural Analysis of Shoaiba New Tanker Terminal Jetty Platform, Saudi Arabia.

Shoaiba New Tanker Terminal, - Detailed Design of Oil Unloading Jetty and Berthing Structure for 100,000 DWT Tankers.

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Structural Analysis and Design of Substantial Strengthening Works,

Dubai Dry Dock, U.A.E.

Structural Evaluation & Design of

Rehabilitation Works. Ashry Dry Dock,

Bahrain.

Dry Docks and Locks

• Drainage docks

• Anchored docks

• Gravity docks

• Floating dock gates

• River locks

The integrated geotechnical and

structural expertise of COWI has

enabled us to undertake the design,

extension, assessment and repair of

a number of dry docks in Europe

and the Gulf Region.

Detailed Design, Tendering and Supervision, Atlas Quay, Port of Copenhagen, Denmark.

Contractor’s Designer for Design and Construction of a Block Sea Wall, Qasr Al Alam, Oman.

Detailed Design, Tendering and Supervision of New Ferry Terminal, Elsinore, Denmark.

Quay Walls

• Sheet pile walls

• Combi-piled walls

• Block work walls

• Concrete & steel caissons

• Counterfort walls

As part of the design process for

quay walls, COWI assesses geotech-

nical, ground water and hydraulic

conditions, user requirements, dura-

bility and availability of material,

as well as future requirements for

deepening.

Innovative Design

Design of New Wharf. Port Arthur, USA.

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Breakwaters

• Rubble mound breakwaters with

rock armour and concrete armour

units

• Berm breakwaters

• Caisson breakwaters

• Offshore breakwaters

• Coastal breakwaters

• Configuration, conceptual design

and analysis

COWI is an international name

in the design of breakwaters. Our

experience reaches from the funda-

mental scientific research to design

and supervision of construction.

Physical Model for Detailed Design of Breakwater at Caleta La Mision Port, Argentina.

Detailed Design of Breakwater at Puerto de Carboneras, Spain.

Physical Model for Detailed Design of Intake & Outlet Channels, Shoaiba Steam Power Plant, Saudi Arabia.

COWI uses its in-house capabili-

ties in numerical modelling of wave

propagation as basis for designing

the configuration of breakwaters,

and to perform conceptual analysis

and design. As part of detailed design

COWI specifies and supervises 2D

flume tests and 3D physical model

tests.

In many instances, COWI acts as

specialist advisor for projects that

have experienced difficulties in order

to develop cost effective, construct-

ible solutions.

In addition, COWI undertakes

structural inspection and design

rehabilitation and repair of existing

structures.

10 11Innovative Design

Supervision of Dredging at Varna, Bulgaria.

Master Planning and Plume Modelling of Danaat Howar Development, Bahrain.

Dredging and Land Reclamation

• Navigation channels

• Plume modelling

• Master planning of offshore

islands

• Coastal protection of reclaimed

land

• Dredging strategies

• Man-made Island

The design of dredging works is in-

tegrated with our in-house hydraulic

and environmental modelling facili-

ties. Evaluation of sedimentation in

dredged access channels and the re-

quirements for maintenance is an

important part of the design pro-

cess. COWI’s environmental team has

considerable experience in providing

solutions for the disposal of conta-

minated dredged material from

capital and maintenance dredging.

COWI is experienced in master

planning of large offshore recrea-

tional developments that consist of

reclaimed islands. The works in-

clude:

• Detailed numerical studies of

waves and currents

• Assessment of water quality

• Configuration of islands to pro-

vide stable beaches

• Design of coastal protection

• Preparation of tender documents

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Mud Transport Modelling, Pearl of the Gulf Development, Qatar.

Final Layout of 14 million m3 Reclamation for Pearl of the Gulf Development, Qatar.

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Environment

COWI focuses on environmental

impacts of marine projects and has

extensive experience in conducting

Environmental Impact Assessments

that satisfy international legislation.

• Temporary impacts during

construction

• Permanent impacts during

operation phase

• Mitigating measures

The environmental aspects of a

project are continuously appraised

as input to the review and decision

process.

Coastal Engineering

The study of coastal impacts due to

marine structures and possible reme-

dial works is integrated in the plan-

ning and design phase of ports and

harbours. The tools include the ad-

vanced numerical models MIKE 21

and LITPACK.

Bypass of Sand at Hornbæk Harbour, Denmark.

Protection of East Coast Railway Line, Ireland.

• Sand bypassing

• Beach nourishment

• Revetment and slope protection

• Detatched breakwaters

• Groynes

• Shoreline protection schemes

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Heavy Civil Structures

Design of large civil works in the

marine environment draws on all

of COWI’s experience in hydraulics,

geotechnics and structures.

• Intake and outfall structures

• Submerged pipes

• Underground pumping stations

• Discharge culverts and weirs

• Foundations for offshore wind

farms

Contractor’s Designer for Offshore Windmill Foundations. Rødsand, Denmark.

Detailed Design, Monongahela River-Lock and Dam, USA.

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COWI provides full services for

procurement of both traditional and

design & construct projects.

• Contract documents

• Instructions to tenderers

• Conditions of contract

• Detailed design drawings

produced on AutoCAD or

Microstation

• Technical specifications

• Bills of quantities

• Prequalification

• Tender evaluation and reporting

Procurement

Soil Structure Interaction

COWI’s specialist knowledge of soil

structure interaction and geotechni-

cal engineering is an integrated part

of marine projects. COWI works for

both contractors and owners with

a view to obtain innovative, cost

effective and safe solutions.

• Foundations systems

• Excavation and support systems

• Temporary and permanent uplift

anchoring systems

• Construction sequences

• Groundwater draw down

• Settlement control

Detailed Design of Excavation and Temporary Works for Bruuns Gallery, Denmark.

Design of Storebelt Link, Denmark .Insert: Numerical Model of Ship Impact on a Bridge Pier.

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• Review of contractor’s pro-

gramme, method statements

and QA system

• Review of design variations

• Progress reporting

• Inspection and testing

• Certification of payment

• Supervision of commissioning

works

• Review and approval of as-built

drawings

• Review and approval of mainte-

nance and operation manuals

• Certification of completion

Construction Management of Beirut Central District, Marine Works and Seafront Development, Lebanon.

Construction Management & Supervision

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COWI is recognised as a specialist

in the field of ports, harbours and

marine engineering and is regu-

larly called upon to participate in

projects, which have encountered

problems.

COWI is approached at all project

phases. Services range from design

checks to solving problems encoun-

tered in the construction phase or

repairing defects during operation.

Caleta La Mision Port, Argentina: Revision of Port Plan, Raising of Access Trestle and Redesign of Breakwater.

Investigation of Flexural Cracking at Pile Heads, Container Terminal, Brazil.

Investigation and Refurbishment of Jetty, Oman.

Inspection, Assessment &

Repair

COWI plans and conducts struc-

tural and geotechnical investigations

and monitoring works. The results

are assimilated to determine causes

of deterioration and structural failure.

COWI has participated in marine

projects in the Gulf Region for over

35 years. As such, COWI has de-

veloped specialist knowledge of the

durability problems associated with

the particularly harsh environmental

conditions of that region.

• Structural investigations and

monitoring works

• Structural assessments

• Design of remedial works

• Cathodic protection

• Concrete specification

• Surface membranes

Trouble Shooting

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COWI A/SParallelvej 2 DK-2800 Kongens LyngbyDenmark

Tel.: +45 45 97 22 11E-mail: cowi@cowi.dkInternet: www.cowi.dk

USABen C. Gerwick, Inc. Consulting Engineers 20 California Street, 4th floor San Francisco CA 94111 USA

Tel.: +1 415-398 8972 E-mail: info@gerwick.com Internet: www.gerwick.com

Contact:Ole Juul Jensen: Department Head, Marine & Foundation Engineering ojj@cowi.dk

Europe

HungaryCOWI Hungary Ltd E-mail: zsl@cowi.hu Internet: www.cowi.hu

LithuaniaUAB COWI Baltic cowi@cowi.lt www.cowi.lt

NorwayHjellnes COWI ASE-mail: hcas@hjelcowi.noInternet: www.hjelcowi.no

PolandCOWI Polska Sp. z o.o.E-mail: cowi@cowi.com.pl Internet: www.cowi.com.pl

Russian FederationMoscow Representative Office of COWIconsult International Ltd.E-mail: ss@cowi.ru Internet: www.cowi.ru

SpainCovitecma, S.A. Ingenieros Consultores E-mail: tb@covitecma.es Internet: www.covitecma.es

Middle East

BahrainCOWI-ALMOAYED GULF W.L.L.Consulting Engineers and PlannersE-mail: caghq@batelco.com.bh Internet: www.cowi-almoayed.com.bh

Dubai, U.A.E.COWI-ALMOAYED GULF W.L.L.E-mail: cowidbx3@emirates.net.ae Internet: www.cowi-almoayed.com.bh

KuwaitE-mail:meax@cowi.dk

OmanCOWI & Partners LLCConsulting Engineers and Planners E-mail: cowioman@omantel.net.om Internet: www.cowi-almoayed.com.bh

QatarE-mail: cowi@qatar.net.qa

Far East

Bangladesh KampsaxTel.: +880 2 88 23 718

ChinaE-mail: jpz@cowi.com

Korea COWI Korea Co., Ltd.Tel.: +82 (31) 712 0500

The PhilippinesCOWI, Philippines, Inc. E-mail: cowimla@mozcom.com

VietnamCOWI Representative OfficeE-mail: cowihanoi@hn.vnn.vn

Offices abroadInternational experiencew

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cow

i.com

COWI is a leading northern Euro-

pean consulting group. We provide

state-of-the-art services within the

fields of engineering, environmen-

tal science and economics with

due consideration for the environ-

ment and society. COWI is a leader

within its fields because COWI’s

3400 employees are leaders within

theirs.