COW #3 NotesCOW #3 Notes

These notes should be written These notes should be written in your grammar sectionin your grammar section

Review: Adverbs & AdjectivesReview: Adverbs & Adjectives My cousin is an My cousin is an onlyonly child. child. Adjective describing childAdjective describing child The judge’s decision seemed The judge’s decision seemed justjust.. Adjective describing decision Adjective describing decision My mom My mom justjust arrived for a visit. arrived for a visit. Adverb describing when she arrivedAdverb describing when she arrived Glen regretted his Glen regretted his pastpast mistakes. mistakes. Adjective describing mistakes Adjective describing mistakes She walked She walked pastpast me. me. Adverb describing where she walked Adverb describing where she walked

Review: Prepositional PhrasesReview: Prepositional Phrases Among the five of us, we had just enough Among the five of us, we had just enough

money for a pizza. money for a pizza. We looked into the old house through a We looked into the old house through a

crack in the window.crack in the window. The woman with the tan briefcase is the The woman with the tan briefcase is the

mayor. mayor. A statue of a figure on horseback is an A statue of a figure on horseback is an

equestrian statue.equestrian statue. The house down the street has a new The house down the street has a new

pool.pool.

Review: Subject & PredicatesReview: Subject & Predicates

John left the boat and walked up the dock.John left the boat and walked up the dock.

The waves crested and broke against the The waves crested and broke against the rocks. rocks.

The new houses and pool house will be The new houses and pool house will be built nearby.built nearby.

Review: Compound SentencesReview: Compound Sentences

We washed the dishes and put them We washed the dishes and put them away.away.

SimpleSimple I studied hard; I passed the test.I studied hard; I passed the test. CompoundCompound

Personal PronounsPersonal Pronouns Words used to take the place of a nounWords used to take the place of a noun First PersonFirst Person I, me , my, mine, we, us, our, oursI, me , my, mine, we, us, our, ours Second PersonSecond Person You, your, yoursYou, your, yours Third PersonThird Person He, him, his, she, her, hers, it, its, they, He, him, his, she, her, hers, it, its, they,

them, their, theirsthem, their, theirs

AntecedentAntecedent

The noun a pronoun takes the place of The noun a pronoun takes the place of The teacher lost her patience.The teacher lost her patience. The boy left his trash on the ground.The boy left his trash on the ground. Cookies taste good; they make Joe happy.Cookies taste good; they make Joe happy.

Reflexive PronounReflexive Pronoun Ends in Ends in -self-self or or -selves-selves Adds information to a sentence by Adds information to a sentence by

pointing back to a noun or pronoun that pointing back to a noun or pronoun that appears earlier in the sentenceappears earlier in the sentence

Usually the sentence will not make sense Usually the sentence will not make sense without itwithout it

Ted promised himself to work harder. Ted promised himself to work harder. The jurors could not agree among The jurors could not agree among

themselves. themselves.

Intensive PronounIntensive Pronoun Ends in Ends in -self-self or or -selves-selves Adds emphasis to a noun or pronoun in Adds emphasis to a noun or pronoun in

the same sentencethe same sentence Not needed for the sentence to make Not needed for the sentence to make

sensesense The article itself contained no news.The article itself contained no news. We cooked the whole meal ourselves. We cooked the whole meal ourselves.

Do not write: Reflexive or Intensive?Do not write: Reflexive or Intensive? Ladies and gentlemen, please help yourselves. reflexive Mick and I gave the report ourselves. intensive The tourists suddenly found themselves on a strange street. reflexive The student amused herself by reading the comics. reflexive The wind itself blew the door closed. intensive I myself have never used an iPod. intensive

Action VerbsAction Verbs A verb that tells what action someone or A verb that tells what action someone or

something is performing.something is performing. It may show mental actions as well as It may show mental actions as well as

visible actionsvisible actions Visible ActionsVisible Actions

Dig, play, yell, writeDig, play, yell, write Mental Actions Mental Actions

Wonder, hope, think, believeWonder, hope, think, believe

Transitive VerbTransitive Verb Action verb that directs action toward Action verb that directs action toward

someone or somethingsomeone or something Usually transmits the action to another Usually transmits the action to another

noun or pronoun in the sentencenoun or pronoun in the sentence Pat Pat readsreads her books. her books. What does she read? booksWhat does she read? books Angie Angie playedplayed basketball. basketball. What does she play? basketballWhat does she play? basketball

Intransitive VerbIntransitive Verb

Action verb that does not direct action to Action verb that does not direct action to someone or somethingsomeone or something

Usually there will be no noun after the verbUsually there will be no noun after the verb Tom Tom readsreads every night. every night. What does he read? No answerWhat does he read? No answer DannyDanny played played well. well. What does he play? No answerWhat does he play? No answer

Do not write: Transitive or IntransitiveDo not write: Transitive or Intransitive The book The book beginsbegins with Homer, the narrator. with Homer, the narrator. intransitiveintransitive The teacher The teacher discovereddiscovered gum under all her gum under all her

desks.desks. transitivetransitive Students Students eateat donuts. donuts. transitivetransitive They They taketake the children to the zoo. the children to the zoo. transitivetransitive Hansel Hansel wanderedwandered through the forest. through the forest. intransitiveintransitive Philip Philip studiedstudied hard for the test hard for the test intransitiveintransitive

Do not write this:Do not write this: To make a complete sentence, you must To make a complete sentence, you must

have a_______and a_______.have a_______and a_______. Subject and predicateSubject and predicate P.E. uniforms are very attractive.P.E. uniforms are very attractive. Math is the best subject at school.Math is the best subject at school. Rock and roll is here to stay.Rock and roll is here to stay.

Write this: Independent ClauseWrite this: Independent Clause

A group of words with a subject and A group of words with a subject and predicatepredicate

Independent clauses are complete Independent clauses are complete sentencessentences

The cat ran.The cat ran. Tutorial gives us more time to work.Tutorial gives us more time to work.

Do not write this:Do not write this: Compound means________________.Compound means________________. More than oneMore than one Think of a sentence with a compound Think of a sentence with a compound

subjectsubject Jane and Bobby eat chips.Jane and Bobby eat chips. Think of a sentence with a compound Think of a sentence with a compound

predicatepredicate Jane eats chips and drinks soda.Jane eats chips and drinks soda.

Compound SentencesCompound Sentences

A compound sentence is 2 sentences or A compound sentence is 2 sentences or independent clauses in one sentenceindependent clauses in one sentence

The clauses must be joined by a comma The clauses must be joined by a comma and one of 7 conjunctionsand one of 7 conjunctions

If you donIf you don’’t use one of the conjunctions, t use one of the conjunctions, you should use a ;you should use a ;

; = and; = and

ConjunctionsConjunctions COORDINATING CONJUNCTIONSCOORDINATING CONJUNCTIONS ForFor AndAnd NorNor ButBut OrOr YetYet SoSo

Sample Compound SentencesSample Compound Sentences Albert likes to play football, and he made Albert likes to play football, and he made

the varsity team.the varsity team. Albert likes to play football.Albert likes to play football. He made the varsity team.He made the varsity team. Sam likes to head-butt people, but he Sam likes to head-butt people, but he

does not say sorry.does not say sorry. Sam likes to head-butt people.Sam likes to head-butt people. He does not say sorry. He does not say sorry. Frogs are slimy, so I never touch them.Frogs are slimy, so I never touch them. Frogs are slimy.Frogs are slimy. I never touch them.I never touch them.

Join these independent clauses to make a Join these independent clauses to make a compound sentence:compound sentence:

The crash awoke April.The crash awoke April. She jumped out of bed.She jumped out of bed. The crash awoke April, so she jumped out of The crash awoke April, so she jumped out of

bed. bed. The rain has stopped.The rain has stopped. It is still very humid.It is still very humid. The rain has stopped, but it is still very humid.The rain has stopped, but it is still very humid. You must go.You must go. I will stay.I will stay. You must go, but I will stay.You must go, but I will stay.

COW #3• First name last name• Week of 10/27-10/30• assuage/verb• Definition: to make less severe or burdensome• Concept: a declarative compound sentence with an

adverb, transitive verb, and an intensive pronoun, circle the conjunction & transitive verb, and underline all your pronouns and one adverb

• Sample: The doctor’s prognosis assuaged my fear of never being able to play soccer again, but I myself still took great care in being careful on the field.