COURSE PORTFOLIO · h sharpener and eraser & Ink pens (0.3& 0.6). - - Cardboard of different colours, transparent plastic sheets and similar materials " tudent, in the course of basic

Prof. Mohamed Emad AR-191, BASIC DESIGN

KING ABDULAZIZ UNIVERSITY

FACULTY OF ENVIRONMENTAL DESIGN

DEPARTMENT OF ARCHITECTURE

BASIC DESIGN COURSE NAME:

COURSE NUMBER: AR 191

COURSE PORTFOLIO

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COURSE SYLLABUS Instructor Information

Prof. Mohamed Emad Noureldeen Bileha rd of Environmental Design Building. Room No. 426, 3 floor, Faculty Daily from 11:00 am to 1:00 pmMobile 0507073803

-mail: [email protected] @ [email protected]

Course Information Course name: BASIC DESIGN ( AR 191) Course meetin aces

S . g times, pl

ec Instructor Date Time Location 2 Prof. Emad S.&T. 5:00 pm to 9:00pm Room 403

quirements

ensional volumes, and model manual rendering techniques.

Cours

Course prerequisites and reNot Applicable Description of the course: This course is designed in such a way to enable the first year student to understand basic visual communication skills such as lettering, basic design elements,

two dimensional shapes and three dimconstructingmaking and

e description This course considered the fundamental skill course not only for architecture department, but also for the whole College of Environmental Design. Students are taught the basics of explaining there selves by using visual elements such as drawings

Cours

and models.

e Objectives Basic design assignments include a range of topics which encompass the following objectives:

1) To increase student’s visual perception and develop student’s sensitivities to spatial relationships.

nses to

3) anding of visual concepts.

y:

4)

ike simple beam, truss, space truss and tensile structure.

2) To help to recognize and differentiate psychological and emotional respovisual products. To help the student to develop an innate underst

4) To encourage the student to interact meaningfully and share ideas with fellow students and not merely to compete with them.

Students are expected to demonstrate their learning b1) Photographing examples which represent basic elements. 2) Designing and analysing different shapes of spaces. 3) Breaking up identified spaces with respect to spatial aesthetics.

Creating abstract and semi-abstract forms and spaces. 5) Creating covering systems for architectural spaces utilizing different structure

systems l

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6) Presenting different schemes of primary and mixed colours appraising their visual values. Adopting colour schem7) es for spaces like children’s play areas, exhibition spaces,

ll, compound gate, floor patterns,

8) Gathering architectural examples of recurrence. s that articulate the values of rhythm and repetition.

Learning

outdoor dining area, entrance gate, compound waatrium or courtyard.

9) Creating form

Resources Lis

hitecture: Form, Space and Order”, Van Nostrand

,

tructure Systems”, Roetherdruck, Darmstadt, Germany.

t of the text books: 1) Ching, F., (1979), “Arc

Reinhold Company, New York, USA. List of the reading materials 2) Itten, J., (1975), “Design and Form”, Van Nostrand Reinhold Company, New

York, USA. acher, M., (1980), “Color Compass”, Van Nostrand Reinhold Company3) Grumb

New York, USA. 4) Engel, H., (1999), “S Web site: 1) www.artinarch.com

Course R ueq irements and Grading

gm/m2).

ious sizes (45 - 30 -60 ). mpass.

h sharpener and eraser & Ink pens (0.3& 0.6).

-

- Cardboard of different colours, transparent plastic sheets and similar materials

tudent, in the course of basic design, is evaluated according to his performance in different activities such as exercises assigned, active class work, homework and attendance as shown in following table:

Required Equipments: - A3 sketchbook (125-135 - A3 drawing board.

o o o- Triangles of var- Protractor and co- Pencils with HB-2B lead wit- Measure scale.

Circle template. - Hand cutters & Paper glue.

like toothpicks etc. - Wooden cubes, cylinders and pyramids within the dimension of 5x5x5 cm.

Student assessment: S

Exercises 60%

Class work and interaction 30%

Attendance 10%

Total 100%

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Class work and interaction are evaluated with the use of letter grading system as ows: foll

marital has been understood. standard has

e of the course marital has been learned. eptable work which clearly shows that course marital has

d. l, students are expected to have the following:

- ss order and assignment dates.

-

Stu

al, and so on.

uctive

to make

t

should be not a job and

- Is assigned for excellent work which is creative, comprehensive, and well presented.

- Is assigned for good work which demonstrates that student could understand the course material.

- Is assigned for acceptable work which fulfils basic standards and demonstrates that most of course

- Is assigned for marginally acceptable work in which minimumbeen met and som

- Is assigned for unaccnot been learne

On the academic leve- positive attitude - interest in the work - eager to learn - self-motivation - ability to overcome frustrations On the disciplinary level students are expected to:

Respect cla- Care about attendance and interaction.

Esteem the university regulations with respect to absence/attendance rate. - Esteem the university regulations with respect to cheating or duplicated work.

dent responsibilities to the course: - Aesthetics: A basic design student should develop a highly refined sense of

aesthetics. - Technical skills: A Basic design student should develop technical proficiency.

Many excellent ideas are lost forever because the individual could not technically produce what he had envisioned.

- Communication: The Basic design student should develop his communicative skills which should be visual, workable, numeric

- Research: A Basic design student should be able to interpret research data by asking questions, making observation and gathering information.

- Problem solving: A Basic design student should develop a sensitivity to the problem and be able to identify a problem solving methodology.

- Criticism: A Basic design student should be prepared to give constrcriticism and learn to be self-critical.

- Compromise: As a Basic design student, he should be able and willing compromises in his work, not in his standards.

- Standards: A Basic design student should develop and learn to adopphilosophical, moral, and ethical standards by which to operate.

nd - Work: A Basic design student should enjoy his work; ahould consider it a challenge,enthusiastic about this work. He s

be prepared to work long and hard.

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- Self image: He should believe in himself and his abilities and be patient.

it the related work.

-

ow full awareness about every detail of his work. - Student should respond verbally or by sketches when discussed.

ademic conduct:

e in class. - Stud y that reflects his

cern to learn derstand. e of absence, s ent will be required ormer work which

will be graded as a late assignment. - Every e will be considered as one absence time. - University regulations will be applied

duplicated

D iled C rse

Expectations for each assignment and project: - Student will be keen to attend all lectures and subm- Assignments will be personally submitted at the appointed time.

Assignments will be submitted as a hard copy accompanied by a digital one. - All assignments should be precise and to scale (if required). - Student should sh

Important rules of ac- Student should be intellectual. - Student should have matured behaviour and organized attitud

ents should work -individually or in groups- in a wacon

- In cas and un

tud to submit the f

two late arrivals to the lectur in conditions of absence, cheating or

work.

eta ou Schedule Detailed contents of topics and activit or during the term.

Table of Course Schedule and Sessions

Week Lecture# What is Due?

ies planned for each class lab session

# Topic Reading Assignment

1 Introduction to the course

B

books

uying Text1

2 Basic Elements in

Architecture

Ching, F., (1979), pp. 10-17 Preparing

materials

3 Point and line in Architecture Ching, F., (1979), pp.19-29 2

4 Plane a Ching, F. p. 30- 47 Exercise 1 nd volume in

Architecture

, (1979), p

5 Architectu & Space Ching, F., (1 pp. 107-114 Exercise2 ral Form 979), 3

C 6 Space Organization hing, F., (1979), pp. 205 Exercise 3

7 Spatial Relationships C Exercise 4 hing, F., (1979), pp. 195-2034

B 8 asic Forms- Platonic Solids Ching, F., (1979), pp. 58-61

9 Regular & Irregular Forms Ching, F., (1979), pp. 62-63 Exercise 5 5

10 Transformation of Form Ching, F., (1979), pp. 64-87 Exercise 6

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11 Visual Properties of Form & Ching, F., (1 , pp. 50-51, Exercise 7

Space

979)

142-161

6

Visual Properties of Form & Exercise 8 12

Space

Ching, F., (1979), pp. 162 -

192

13 Stru ear

Truss) 33,37,41,48 35-137,144

cture Systems (Lin Engel, H., (1999), pp.

,52,1

Exercise 9 7

14 Structure Systems (Space

Truss)

Engel, H., (1999), pp. 156-163 Exercise 10

15 Structure Systems (Folded Engel, H., (1 pp.52, 219- Exercise 11

Plate)

999),

223

8

16 Module in Architecture Ching, 8-240 Exercise 12 F., (1979), pp. 23

17 Scale in Architecture Ching, F., (1979), pp. 325-330 9

18 Golden Section Exercise 13 Ching, F., (1979), pp. 300-303

19 Colour Principles G Exercise 14 rumbacher, M., pp. (1980),

2-4

10

20 Basic lours Grumbacher, M., pp. (1980), 5 Exercise 15 and Secondary Co

21 Mixing Colours Grumbacher, (1980),

6-9

M., pp. 11

22 Colour in Architecture Grumbacher, M.,

pp.(1980),13-15

Exercise 16

23 Principles of Recurrence Ching, F., (1979), pp. 331-333 12

24 Symmetry Ching, F., (1979), pp.342-349

25 Rhythm In Architecture Ching, F., (1979), pp. 368 13

26 Repetition In Architecture Ching, F., (1979), pp. 369-381 Exercise 17

27 General Revision 14

28 Open Discussion

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Course details in each class:

We ssion 1: Introduction to the Course ek: 1 Se

Architectural elements:

Perception: recognition of phy lly in time.

and responding anings they evoke.

The interrelationships among a building’s elements and systems: stem

We Session 2: Basic Elements in Architecture

- Form and space

- Solid and void

- Interior and exterior

- The sical elements by experiencing them sequentia

Conception:

- The comprehension of relationships among a building’s elements to the me

- Spatial sy

- Structural system

- Enclosure system

- Circulation system

ek: 1

L nding the point. Line has the properties of:

is generated by ex

- length & width

e & surface

V Volume has the properties of:

POINT is the prime generator of form. It indicates a position in space. INE is generated by exte

- length

- direction

- position

PLANE tending the line. Plane has the properties of:

- shap

- orientation

- position

OLUME is generated by extending the plane.

- length width & depth

- form/space

- surface

- orientation & position

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We Session 3: Point and Line in Architecture ek: 2

Point elements in architecture:

lar plan

- centre of a cylinder

ound other visual elements

to, planes

culate the surfaces of planes

Linear elements in architecture:

olumns, obelisks, minarets or towers

We Session 4: Plane and Volume in Architecture

Point: - The two ends of line

- The intersection of two lines

- The meeting of line at the corner of a plane

- The centre of a field

- top of a column

- centre of a circu

- centre of a sphere

Line: - Join, link, support, or surr

- Describe the edges of, and give shape

- Arti

- Vertical: such as c

- Horizontal: such as passages, bridges

ek: 2 From line to plane:

of lines to plane

Plane

(colour- texture…etc.)

Generic typ

Planar elements in architecture

- The ground plane

- A series of parallel lines

- The transformation

- Dimensions of a plane

- Shape of a plane

- Properties of a plane

es of plane - The overhead plane

- The wall plane

- The base plane

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- The floor plane

- The exterior and interior walls

- The roof plane

Volume - From plane to volume

- Analyzing volume into points, lines and planes

- Solid and void volumes

Volume elements in architecture

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Week: 3 Session 5: Architectural Form & Space Form and space the unity of opposites

Form & Space in architecture

We

- Positive and negative elements

ek: 3 Session 6: Space Organization B es S

inant space about which a number of secondary spaces

f repetitive spaces

Examples in architecture

- Radial: a central space from which linear organizations of space extend in a radial manner

- Examples in architecture

- Clustered: spaces grouped by proximity of a common visual trait or relationship


- Grid: spaces organized within the field of a structural or other tree dimensionalgrid


asic ways to organize spacpatial organization - Centralized: a central dom

are grouped


- Linear: a linear sequence o

-

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We ion 7: Spatial Relationships ek: 4 Sess Space w In

can be shared equally by each space

e with one of the spaces and become an integral part of its volume

interlocking portio that serves to link the two original spaces

f separating planes

Spaces linked by a common space he third space

ntation of intermediate space

size of shared spaces

Week: 4 Session 8: Basic Forms- Platonic Solids

ithin a space terlocking spaces - The interlocking portion of the two volumes

- The interlocking portion can merg

- The n can develop its own integrity as a space

Adjacent spaces- Characters o

- Nature of t

- Form and orie

- Shape and

Platonic solids

- The sphere

- The cylinder

- The cone

- The pyramid

- The cube

Basic forms in architecture

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Week: 5 Session 9: Regular & Irregular Forms

- Dimensional transformation

- Addition of elements

nts

r forms

s in architecture

We ransformation of Forms

- Subtraction of eleme

- Nature of irregula

- Irregular solids and void

ek: 5 Session 10: The T

D

taining its family

S- b ain volume

- r ion to subtraction process

- c trances, courtyards, windows…etc.)

Ad its to the volume

- Changing/retaining the identity of the initial form

- c ples

- Nature of the addition process

her - Spatial tension - Edge-to-edge contact

Face-to-face conInterlocking rela

tralized forms

adial forms tered forms

s

imensional transformation - Altering one or more dimension of the basic form with reidentity

- Compressing forms

- Stretching forms

- Architectural examples

ubtractive transformation Su tracting portion of the m

Fo m family in relat

Ar hitectural examples (en

dit ve transformation - Additive elemen

Ar hitectural exam

- Group toget

- -

tact tionship

- Additive forms

- Cen- Linear forms - R- Clus- Grid form

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We Session 11: Visual Properties of Form & Space ek: 6

- Size

- l

Visual properties of space umns in space

- Raw of columns

configuration of space

- ra

Week: 6 Session 12: Visual Properties of Form & Space

Visual properties of form - Shape

Co our

- Texture

- Position

- Orientation

- Visual inertia

- Col

- Grid of columns

- Single vertical plane

- Vertical Planes

- L-Shaped

Pa llel vertical planes

isual properties of space

- o

on

visual continuity - Openings

Degree of enclos

s & Openings

m, Definition, Colour, Texture, Pattern, Enclosure, Light &

V- U-Shaped configuration of space

- 4-Planes closure

Cl sure

- Spatial definiti- Well defined enclosure - No

- ure

Qualities of Architectural Space - Properties of enclosure

- Dimensions, Shape, Configuration, Surface, Edge

- Qualities of space

- Proportion, Scale, For View.

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We ession 13: Structure Systems (Linear Truss) ek: 7 S Introductio

orce, geometry, material)

Types of structure systems

Vector-active structure systems

itted flat truss

ss

Wee stems (Space Truss)

n to structure systems - Structure as a determinant

- Components of structure (f

- Diversity of forces in structure

- Form-active system

- Vector-active system

- Section-active system

- Height-active system

- Flat truss

- Transm

- Curved tru

- Space truss

Linear trusses - Trussed beam

- Trussed frame

- Trussed arch

- Trussed irregular forms

k: 7 Session 14: Structure Sy

Bearing mechanism of space truss Flat space truss systems composed of rectangular prisms

- Single trussing of vertical prisms faces

- Double trussing of vertical prisms faces

- Crosswise trussing of vertical prisms faces

ce truss systemsms faces

of rectangular prisms faces

Flat spa s composed of triangular prisms - Single trussing of rectangular pri

- Double trussing

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We ssion 15: Structure Systems (Folded Plate) ek: 8 Se Surface-active structure systems

- Folded plate structures

l structures

Folded plate structures lates

We

- Plate structures

- Shel

- One-way folded p

- Polyhedral folded plates

- Intersecting folded plates

- Linear folded plates

ek: 8 Session 16: Module in Architecture

Grid organizations - Three dimensional grid pattern

- The organizing power of grid

- Grid in architecture (skeletal structure system)

- Subtracting, adding and layering within module

- Regular, irregular module

- Transformation of module- grid

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We n 17: Scale in Architecture ek: 9 Sessio

Anthropomorphic proportions S

lement relative to other forms in its context

ace relative to the dimensions nd proportions of the human body

nd the human feelings- Length, width, height proportion

ns

ern of bounding surface

f openings

ts placed within space.

We Session 17: Scale in Architecture

cale in architecture - Generic scale: the size of building e

- Human scale: the size of a building element or spa

Scale a

- Comfortable dimensio

- Shape, colour and patt

- Shape and disposition o

- Nature and scale of elemen

ek: 9

s

rtions

oportion

nale

Types of proportion

ion

odulor

- The “ken”

rphic proportions & Scale.

T

ture of the universe

e golden section

section

Proportioning system- Material proportions

- Structural proportions

- Manufactured propo

- Ratio and pr

- Whole and part

- Aesthetic ratio

- Geometric, Arithmetic & Harmonic.

Theories of proport

- The golden section

- The orders

- Renaissance theories

- The m

- Anthropomo

he golden section

- Golden section and the harmonic struc

- Algebraic and geometric properties of th

- Growth pattern based on the golden

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Week: 10 Session 19: Colour Principles

an eye

Basic colou

The three dimensions of colour

on)

Value

tion of the three dical impact on the viewer (warm- cool)

ect emphasis through contrasts in light and shade r black)

Wee

Colour theory - Physics… a study of radiation and illumination

- Chemistry… a study of pigmentation

- Physiology… a study of the hum

- Psychology… a study of the mind

r principles - Colour is light

- Hue (name: red, yellow, blue, green, etc.)

- Intensity (chroma- saturati

-

Applica imensions of Colours - Hue: psycholog

- Intensity: variation of intensity can simulate depth of hue and emphasize contrasts within a hue

- Value: can simulate form and eff(by adding white o

k: 10 Session 20: Basic and Secondary Colours

Primary colours An imaginary equilateral triangle placed on a colour circle so that on point of the triangle is at Yellow, will locate the remaining two pigment Primary colours (Red and Blue) at the other two points

Secondary colours

Intermediate colours e additional hues which d Secondary colours the colour circle and p joining Primary and

Secondary colours

Orange, Violet and Green are the Secondary colours. Each is placed between the two primaries that are mixed to produce it. The secondaries may be located on the colour wheel by an inverted triangle

All tharound

fall between the Primary anroduce by the mixture of ad

Tertiary Colours Represented by the circles of dull hues located inside the intense ring of the colour wheel

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Week: 11 Session 21: Mixing Colours

Cr is limited to its general hue dimension (Thalo Blue- Cadmium

io Violet- etc.)

C all sensory perception, is the result of a balanced relationship

Colour Balance

Colour Mixing ion

roduced by mixing two colours

olour

Wee Session 22: Colour in Architecture

olour identification - Name of colouRed- Zinc Yellow- Th

olour Harmony - Harmony, inbetween all of the elements of any stimuli

- Complementary and analogous colours

- Size of colour area

- Weight of colour

- Analyzing colour to its general hue dimens

- Variety of colours p

- Characters of mixed c

k: 11

e

e

Considerations in colour application

- Adjacent colours

- Colour degradation

- Colour and light/shade

- Colour and mind

ing colours

How to use colour compass for decoration - Colour harmonies

- Colour relationships

- Effect of colour

- Cool colour schem

- Warm colour schem

- Utiliz

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Wee ure k: 12 Session 22: Colour in Architect

O- Addition al principles that create order in architectural composition

General o

Hierarchy: the articulation of the importance of a form/space relative to the others

thm/repetition: the

- Datum: a line, plane, or volume that serves to organize a pattern of forms and

the principle that an architectural concept can be built upon f transformation

Week

rdering principles al organization

- Order and diversity

rdering principles - Axis: a line about which forms and spaces can be arranged

- Symmetry: the balanced distribution of equivalent forms and spaces about a common line or point

-

- Rhy use of recurring pattern

spaces

- Transformation: through a series o

: 12 Session 22: Colour in Architecture

Te balance arrangement of equivalent elements

- Radial symmetry consists of equivalent elements balanced about two or moreaxes that intersect at a central point

Ways of utilizing symmetry - The entire building organization

- Only in a portion of the building

Symmetry and axis

ypes of symmetry - Bilateral symmetry refers to thabout a common axis

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Wee 5: Rhythm in Architecture k: 13 Session 2

Rhythm refers to the regular or harmonious recurrence of the lines, shapes, forms

- The fundamental notion of repetition to organize forms and spaces in architecture

cture

ssion 26: Repetition in Architecture

- or colours

- Repetitive elements in archite

- Resultant visual values of rhythm

Week: 13 Se

Basics of raity of elements to one another

ents share

ents

Physical traits by w

Pinciple of reverberation allows a group of elements that are similar in shape but

be ordered indifferent ways

tric manner about a point

ing to size in a linear fashion

ly, but related by proximity as well as similarity of form

ndom composition - Closeness or proxim

- Visual characteristics elem

Simple form of repetition

- Linear pattern

- Identical elem

- Common trait

- Common denominator

hich architectural forms and spaces can be organized - Size

- Shape

- Detail characteristics

rinciple of reverberation Prhierarchically graded in size to

- In a radial or concen

- Sequentially accord

- Random

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Week: 14 Session 27: General Revision

Week: 14 Session 28: Open Discussion

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Documents

COURSE PORTFOLIO · h sharpener and eraser & Ink pens (0.3& 0.6). - - Cardboard of different colours, transparent plastic sheets and similar materials " tudent, in the course of basic