COUNTRY REPORT :COUNTRY REPORT :

RISK ASSESSMENT AND MONITORING RISK ASSESSMENT AND MONITORING FOR ENVIRONMENTAL CHEMICALSFOR ENVIRONMENTAL CHEMICALS

PRESENTERPRESENTER : :

TRAN THI THU DUNGTRAN THI THU DUNG

ENVIRONMENTAL DEPARTMENT OF ENVIRONMENTAL DEPARTMENT OF HYDROMETEOROLOGICAL COLLEGEHYDROMETEOROLOGICAL COLLEGE

VIETNAMVIETNAM

Ministry of Resource and Environment

Administration Department

Hydrological Department

Meteorological Department

Environmental Department

Geodesy Department

International Cooperation Department

Hydrometeorological College

Environmental Science

Environmental Engineering

Environmental Management

ORGANIZATION CHARTORGANIZATION CHART

MY RESPONSIBILITIESMY RESPONSIBILITIES

• Teaching two subjects :Teaching two subjects :

- Environmental analysisEnvironmental analysis

- Environmental monitoringEnvironmental monitoring

• Taking part in Environmental Taking part in Environmental researchresearch

MAP OF VIET NAMMAP OF VIET NAM

Total populationTotal population 80,665,70080,665,700

Total area Total area 330,991km330,991km22

CURRENT STATUS OF ENVIRONMENTAL CURRENT STATUS OF ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION PROTECTION N VIET NAMN VIET NAM

• The present environmental protection policies in The present environmental protection policies in Vietnam is not suitable with the development.Vietnam is not suitable with the development.

• We are lack of :We are lack of :

- Policies supporting environmental protection - Policies supporting environmental protection projectsprojects

- Researches in waste treatment technologies- Researches in waste treatment technologies

• We need to establish the policies and researches We need to establish the policies and researches which appropriate with the present conditions in which appropriate with the present conditions in VietnamVietnam

MAJOR ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINANTS IN MAJOR ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINANTS IN VIETNAMVIETNAM

• There are many sources of pollution in There are many sources of pollution in Vietnam :Vietnam :

- Agriculture- Agriculture- Industry- Industry- Domestic- Domestic- War- War

MAJOR ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINANTS IN MAJOR ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINANTS IN VIETNAMVIETNAM

• Agricultural sources can cause Agricultural sources can cause eutrophication and pesticide in run off eutrophication and pesticide in run off water and pesticide residue in agricultural water and pesticide residue in agricultural products products

Research in Vinh Long (one of province in Research in Vinh Long (one of province in Mekong Delta) show that : Mekong Delta) show that :

Waste water from aquacultural Waste water from aquacultural households is discharged in to channel households is discharged in to channel without any treatment. And other without any treatment. And other households will take this water for in put households will take this water for in put water. This can pollute surface water.water. This can pollute surface water.

MAJOR ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINANTS IN MAJOR ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINANTS IN VIETNAMVIETNAM

• Industrial sources can cause pollutions of Industrial sources can cause pollutions of heavy metals and POPs (Persistent Organic heavy metals and POPs (Persistent Organic Pollutants) Pollutants)

• Air pollution (SOAir pollution (SO22, NO, NOxx,CO,…),CO,…)

• Industrial solid wastes are disposed Industrial solid wastes are disposed together with municipal wastes at poorly together with municipal wastes at poorly designed dumpsites, allowing pollutants to designed dumpsites, allowing pollutants to leak into the groundwater. Furthermore, leak into the groundwater. Furthermore, hazardous industrial wastes are not treated hazardous industrial wastes are not treated separately, but mixed with inert solid waste separately, but mixed with inert solid waste ..

MAJOR ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINANTS IN MAJOR ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINANTS IN VIETNAMVIETNAM

• Domestic waste sources can cause nutrient Domestic waste sources can cause nutrient pollutants, bacteria, and solids wastepollutants, bacteria, and solids waste

Research in Ho Chi Minh city show that : Research in Ho Chi Minh city show that : there is about 5000 tons of solid waste per there is about 5000 tons of solid waste per day. And the biggest problem is the day. And the biggest problem is the leachate from the landfill especially in wet leachate from the landfill especially in wet season.season.

Flow rate : 800 mFlow rate : 800 m3 3 /day/dayCOD COD 40,000 – 60,000 mg/l 40,000 – 60,000 mg/lN-NHN-NH3 3 1200 – 1800 mg/l 1200 – 1800 mg/l

MAJOR ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINANTS IN MAJOR ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINANTS IN VIETNAMVIETNAM

• War toxicant has lasted over 28 yearsWar toxicant has lasted over 28 years

• In the case of South – Viet nam, the most In the case of South – Viet nam, the most concern is Dioxin contamination because of concern is Dioxin contamination because of its effects :its effects :

- Unsuccessful forest restorationUnsuccessful forest restoration- High deformity born childrenHigh deformity born children

REGULATION OF ENVIRONMENTAL REGULATION OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINANTS IN VIETNAMCONTAMINANTS IN VIETNAM

• The law on Environmental Protection of Viet The law on Environmental Protection of Viet Nam was passed by the Viet Nam National Nam was passed by the Viet Nam National Assembly on 27/2/1993 and came into force Assembly on 27/2/1993 and came into force from 10/01/1994from 10/01/1994

• The regulations are not strictly and suitable The regulations are not strictly and suitable although Vietnam already had Vietnamese although Vietnam already had Vietnamese Standards for environmentStandards for environment

• The fine for polluted factories is lower than The fine for polluted factories is lower than the cost for pollution treatment therefore the cost for pollution treatment therefore some factories accept to pay fine in stead of some factories accept to pay fine in stead of applying treatment systemapplying treatment system

TECHNOLOGIES OF TREATMENTS OF TECHNOLOGIES OF TREATMENTS OF ENVIRONMNTAL POLLUTION IN VIETNAMENVIRONMNTAL POLLUTION IN VIETNAM

• There are some methods to treat There are some methods to treat environmental pollution in Vietnam :environmental pollution in Vietnam :

- Physical methods- Physical methods

- Chemical methods- Chemical methods

- Biological methods- Biological methods

• Nowadays, biological methods are paid Nowadays, biological methods are paid attention to because they are useful and attention to because they are useful and economically.economically.

MAJOR TECHNOLOGY FOR MONITORING MAJOR TECHNOLOGY FOR MONITORING ENVIRONMENTENVIRONMENT

IN VIETNAMIN VIETNAM• Technology for monitoring environmental pollution consists of :Technology for monitoring environmental pollution consists of :

- Determination the sampling positions- Determination the sampling positions

- Collecting samples- Collecting samples

- Storing samples- Storing samples

- Analysing samples- Analysing samples

- Evaluating the results- Evaluating the results

- Conclusion- Conclusion

RESEARCH RELATED TO RESEARCH RELATED TO ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORINGENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING

• Environmental Impacts assessment of Environmental Impacts assessment of Aquaculture in Vinh Long province Aquaculture in Vinh Long province (2003)(2003)

• The present stastus of Solid waste in The present stastus of Solid waste in Hochiminh city (2002)Hochiminh city (2002)

• Study about heavy metals in Cangio Study about heavy metals in Cangio sea water (2000)sea water (2000)

PICTURE FROM PICTURE FROM VINHLONGVINHLONG

PICTURE FROM PICTURE FROM VINHLONGVINHLONG

THANK YOUTHANK YOU