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Technical Analysis of Appliance Markets to Support the Pacific

Appliance Labelling and Standards (PALS) Programme

Prepared for

Renewable Energy and Energy Efficiency Partnership (REEEP)

By

International Institute for Energy Conservation – Asia (IIEC Asia)

12th Floor, United Business Center II Building, 591, Sukhumvit Road

Wattana, Bangkok 10110, THAILAND

November 2012

I I E C International Institute for Energy Conservation

Country Report for

Marshall Islands Northern Marianas

Palau Federated States of Micronesia

Papua New Guinea

Marshall Islands

Nauru

Solomon

Islands

Kiribati

Vanuatu

New

Caledonia

Fiji Tonga

Niue

American

Samoa Samoa

Tuvalu French Polynesia

Tokelau

Pitcairn

Wallis and

Futuna

Cook Islands

Guam

Technical Analysis of Appliance Markets to Support Renewable Energy & Energy Efficiency Partnership (REEEP) The Pacific Appliance Labelling and Standards (PALS) Programme

November 2012 i

CONTENTS

1 ACKNOWLEDGMENTS ............................................................................................. 1

2 INTRODUCTION ...................................................................................................... 2

2.1 Country Background ........................................................................................... 2

2.2 Objective ............................................................................................................. 2

3 FINDINGS .............................................................................................................. 3

3.1 Import Statistics ................................................................................................... 3

3.2 Market Penetration of Electrical Appliances (Census 2011) ............................... 3

3.3 Market Characteristics ........................................................................................ 3

3.4 Energy Labels ..................................................................................................... 4

4 CONCLUSION ......................................................................................................... 7

5 REFERENCES ........................................................................................................ 8

FIGURES

Figure 3.1 – Electrical Appliance Shop in Marshall Islands selling Air Conditioner with Brazilian

Energy Label ................................................................................................................. 5

Figure 3.2 – Electrical Appliance Shop in Marshall Islands selling Refrigerator, Freezer and Air

Conditioner with US Energy Star and US Energy Guide Labels .................................... 6

TABLES

Table 2.1 – General Information on Marshall Islands ...................................................................... 2

Table 3.1 - Ownership of Selected Household Appliances in Marshall Islands ................................ 3

Table 3.2 – Brand, countries of manufacture and origin of most common electrical appliances in

Marshall Islands ............................................................................................................ 4

Table 3.2 – Proportion of Electrical Appliances with Energy Labels ................................................ 5


November 2012 1

1 ACKNOWLEDGMENTS

The Technical Analysis of Appliance Markets to Support the Pacific Appliance Labeling and

Standards (PALS) Programme covers 17 Pacific Island Countries and Territories (PICTs). The

report and research were conducted by Mr. Sommai Phon-Amnuaisuk and Mr. David Morgado

from the International Institute for Energy Conservation (IIEC). It was prepared for the Renewable

Energy and Energy Efficiency Partnership (REEEP) with overall guidance from Mr. Tom Thorsch

Krader.

The IIEC would like to show its appreciation for the kind support and contributions from the PALS

country focal point (Mr. Walter Myazoe) and the Secretariat for the Pacific Community.


November 2012 2

2 INTRODUCTION

2.1 Country Background

Table 2.1 – General Information on Marshall Islands

Neighbouring Countries Nauru, Federated States of Micronesia, Guam (US), Northern

Mariana Island, Kiribati, Hawaii (US)

Capital City Majuro

Currency United States dollar (US$)

Population Size (habitants) 50,840 (1999 Census)

Number of Households -

Electrification Rate (%) 72.3 (2007)

Status of S&L Scheme Policies and regulations need to be reviewed by the government to

allow for the development of a S&L Programme. The government

has removed import duties on appliances with any kind of energy

efficiency label.

Source: Marshall Islands Planning and Statistics Office; SPC, 2011

2.2 Objective

The objective of this study is to analyse the characteristics of major appliance and lighting

products and markets in Marshall Islands, in order to inform and support decision making on the

most effective Standards & Labelling (S&L) strategy for Marshall Islands.

The study focuses on the following electrical appliances:

Refrigerators

Freezers

Air Conditioners

Lamps – including incandescent, linear fluorescent and compact fluorescent

Televisions

Other relevant products.


November 2012 3

3 FINDINGS

3.1 Import Statistics

According to Mr. Walter Myazoe, Energy Officer at the Energy Planning Division of the Ministry of

Resources and Development in the Marshall Islands, the large majority of electrical appliances in

Marshall Islands are imported from China and the United States (US) including Guam.

For the duration of this project no customs data was provided by the Statistics Office in Marshall

Islands. An on-site survey was conducted to enable a better assessment of the main countries of

origin for electrical appliances in Marshall Islands (see section 3.2 and 3.4).

3.2 Market Penetration of Electrical Appliances (Census

2011)

A Household Income and Expenditure Survey (HIES) was carried out in Marshall Islands in 2007

and provided details on the ownership of selected household appliances. These are summarized

in Table 3.1.

Table 3.1 - Ownership of Selected Household Appliances in Marshall Islands

Appliance 2007 (%)

Refrigerator 43.8

Freezer 38.0

Television 66.1

Video/DVD Player 62.8

Microwave Oven 23.2

Washing Machine 51.1

Source: Marshall Islands HIES 2007

Based on typical unit power consumptions, operating hours and estimated number of appliances

currently in use, the priority electrical appliances for a S&L Programme in the Marshall Islands

include: Refrigerator, Freezer, Television, Washing Machine, Rice Cookers, Electric Fan, Air

Conditioners and Lighting Products.

3.3 Market Characteristics

The data presented in this section is based on an electric appliance survey of five major retailers

and wholesalers in Majuro, Marshall Islands conducted by IIEC during June 2012. The data

gathered includes information on appliance brands, country of manufacture and origin. Note that

the information of electrical appliance brands and country of manufacture is not comprehensive.

The country of manufacture of certain appliances is not easily identifiable and in some cases could

only be found through the product’s user manual.


November 2012 4

Table 3.2 – Brand, countries of manufacture and origin of most common electrical appliances in

Marshall Islands

Electrical Appliance Brand Countries of Origin Countries of Manufacture

Air Conditioners (all sizes)

Comfort-Aire, Takashimaya, Haier, Do It Best, Fujitsu, Westpoint, Frost, Island

US, China China (majority), Thailand

Domestic Washing Machines

Avanti, Whirlpool, Daneng, Kenmore, Takashimaya, Toshiba, Sharp, Air-spin,

Maxwell

US, China China, Mexico, US, Japan

Compact Fluorescent Lamps

Westinghouse, GE, ACE, Western Family, Lights of

America, Eco Bulb, Chinese Brand

US, China China

Electric Fans Ace, SB, Optimus, Comfort Zone, Lasko, Do It Best, 02

Cool, Mercury, Deluxe, Midea

US, China (majority) US, China (majority)

Linear Fluorescent Lamps

ACE, GE, Do It Best, Feit Electric Company, TFC, Hitachi,

Philips

US, Taiwan US, Canada, China, Indonesia, Thailand,

Taiwan, Japan

Freezers Avanti, Whirlpool, Takashimaya, Frigidaire, Crosley, Kenmore,

Midea

US US, China

Incandescent Lamps

ACE, GE, Western Family, Sterlite, Chiyoda

US, China China, Mexico, US, Indonesia

Refrigerators Avanti, Whirlpool, Frigidaire, Takashimaya, Crosley, Tatung

US China, Mexico

Rice Cookers Edelweiss, Galanz, Alpine Cuisine, Jinn Hsin, Tatung,

Sunpentown

US, China China

Televisions JVC, Sceptre, Vizio, Naxa, Island

US China, Thailand

Overall, electrical appliances originate mainly from two countries – China and US. Table 3.2

identifies a range of international brands including Chinese brands which are directly imported

from China to the Marshall Islands. The survey indicates that majority of the electric fans, air

conditioners and incandescent lamps are likely to be imported from China. The refrigerators and

freezers seem to be imported from US and to lesser extent from China but without customs data it

is not possible to verify the exact share of imports.

3.4 Energy Labels

The data presented in this section is based on an electric appliance survey of five major retailers and

and wholesalers in Majuro, Marshall Islands conducted by IIEC during June 2012. The objective of the

the survey was to compile information on the proportion of energy labels for each type of electrical

appliance and the respective country of origin of these labels. Table 3.3 – Proportion of Electrical

Appliances with Energy Labels

Electrical Appliance % with Energy

Labels

Types of Energy Label

Air Conditioners (all sizes) 51% - 75% US Energy Star, US Energy Guide, Association of

Home Appliance Manufacturers (AHAM). One air

conditioner had a Brazilian Energy Label (Figure 3.1)


November 2012 5

Compact Fluorescent Lamps 51% - 75% US Energy Star

Linear Fluorescent Lamps 0% - 25% US Energy Star

Domestic Washing Machines 0% - 25% US Energy Star, US Energy Guide

Freezers 76% - 90% US Energy Star, US Energy Guide

Refrigerators 76% - 90% US Energy Star, US Energy Guide, AHAM

Televisions 26% - 50% US Energy Star

Majority of electrical appliances in Marshall Islands have US Energy Star or US Energy Guide

Labels (Figure 3.2). The table also indicates that the Chinese appliances do not have any Chinese

Energy Labels.

only provides information on the electrical appliances which had affixed any type of energy label.

Table 3.3 – Proportion of Electrical Appliances with Energy Labels

Electrical Appliance % with Energy

Labels

Types of Energy Label

Air Conditioners (all sizes) 51% - 75% US Energy Star, US Energy Guide, Association of

Home Appliance Manufacturers (AHAM). One air

conditioner had a Brazilian Energy Label (Figure 3.1)

Compact Fluorescent Lamps 51% - 75% US Energy Star

Linear Fluorescent Lamps 0% - 25% US Energy Star

Domestic Washing Machines 0% - 25% US Energy Star, US Energy Guide

Freezers 76% - 90% US Energy Star, US Energy Guide

Refrigerators 76% - 90% US Energy Star, US Energy Guide, AHAM

Televisions 26% - 50% US Energy Star

Majority of electrical appliances in Marshall Islands have US Energy Star or US Energy Guide

Labels (Figure 3.2). The table also indicates that the Chinese appliances do not have any Chinese

Energy Labels.


November 2012 6

Figure 3.1 – Electrical Appliance Shop in Marshall Islands selling Air Conditioner with Brazilian

Energy Label


November 2012 7

Figure 3.2 – Electrical Appliance Shop in Marshall Islands selling Refrigerator, Freezer and Air

Conditioner with US Energy Star and US Energy Guide Labels


November 2012 8

4 CONCLUSION

The lack of customs data and the findings of only one survey do not enable an adequate

assessment of the main countr(ies) of origin for electrical appliances in the Marshall Islands.

Before consideration of any S&L scheme, the Marshall Islands Government should consider

compiling customs data on electrical appliances based on country of origin covering a period of

three to five years (i.e. 2007 to 2011).

Based exclusively on the limited information above, majority of high energy consuming appliances

such as refrigerators, freezers and air conditioners, originate from China and the United States.

Note that the development of a S&L programme for the Marshall Islands needs to take into

account market demand and supply trends, as well as a range of other factors bearing on the

design and effectiveness of S&L programmes. Furthermore, it should allow for the energy efficient

appliances to enter the market at an affordable price, irrespective of origin or manufacture.


November 2012 9

5 REFERENCES

Secretariat for the Pacific Community (SPC), Statistics for Development, 2011,

http://www.spc.int/sdp/

Marshall Islands Bureau of Statistics, 2012, http://www.spc.int/prism/country/nr/stats/index.htm

http://www.spc.int/sdp/

http://www.spc.int/prism/country/nr/stats/index.htm

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Country Report for - Renewable Energy and Energy ... Country Report... · Country Report for Northern Marianas Marshall Islands Palau Federated States of Micronesia Papua New Guinea