Upload
asad-ur-rehman
View
221
Download
0
Embed Size (px)
Citation preview
8/2/2019 Cost of Q v2
1/14
Cost
of Quality
Asad-Ur-RehmanChef Operating OfficerPlexus (Pvt) Limited
8/2/2019 Cost of Q v2
2/14
SQA
Find Out . . .
Does higher quality means higher cost ?
Does higher quality takes longer time todevelop?
Is there any relation between high qualityand business performance?
8/2/2019 Cost of Q v2
3/14
SQA
Traditional concepts of Quality
Quality is defined by producer, not the customer.
Quality relates only to the final product.
Software development (coding) is the biggestcontributor to defect.
Improving Quality always cost more money.
Quality is responsibility of QA dept.
Concepts of Quality
8/2/2019 Cost of Q v2
4/14
SQA
Concepts of Quality
Real concepts of Quality
The customer (user) defines Quality.
Quality is determined by every process, sub-product
and support function.
Software defects are traceable to the requirements asmajor contributor, and can occur during any phase.
Improving Quality will result in lower life cycle & cost.
Quality is everyone's job, on every task they perform.
8/2/2019 Cost of Q v2
5/14
SQA
Organizations need to be aware of the costsassociated with making errors as a way ofidentifying areas for improvement.
Every time something is done and not donecorrectly, money is lost due to rework.
It is also a powerful tool for identifying
waste either iso of effortso of time
o or resource
Cost of Quality
8/2/2019 Cost of Q v2
6/14
SQA
The cost of quality is essentially a tool formeasuring the cost to an organization of not gettingthings right first time.
A key consideration in any analysis of cost of qualityis its visibility.
It is the visibility gained through CoQ analysis that
enables the project team to focus their attention onthose activities which discovers and correct the rootcause of software defects.
Cost of Quality
8/2/2019 Cost of Q v2
7/14
SQA
Cost of Quality
Quality is Free; slogan given by Philip Crosby.
Everyone speaks of Crosbys concept, but no oneactually believes software equality is free.
The real issue is of investment, not the cost.
The cost of quality generally focuses on three majorcomponents:
o Cost of identification of defectso Cost of correcting defectso Cost of reducing defects
8/2/2019 Cost of Q v2
8/14
SQA
Cost of SW Quality
Rs.50
0
Rs.25
0
Rs.50
0
Rs.25
0
Cost of Software Quality represents all costs thatorganization incurs from having to repeat a process(more than once) in order to complete the work as perrequirements.
CoSQ = Cost Conformance + Cost of Non-Conformance
Prevention Appraisal Failures
8/2/2019 Cost of Q v2
9/14
SQA
Cost of SW Quality
Cost of Conformance Cost of Non-Conformance
Prevention AppraisalInternalFailure
ExternalFailure
CoSQ
ProcessesDevelopmentStaff TrainingPlanning
TestingInspectionAudits
Defect reportRe-inspectionRe-testingRe-work
Product returned &replacementWarranty Expenses
Loss of market shareCustomer dissatisfaction
8/2/2019 Cost of Q v2
10/14
SQA
Components of CoSQ
CoSQ = Cost Conformance + Cost of Non-Conformance
The cost of quality is essentially a tool for measuring the cost
to an organization ofnot getting things right first time
Doing my workright first time
Correction ofpoor work
CoSQ = 80 hrsDev 60 hrsQA 20 hrs
Dev 12 hrsQA 06 hrs
Dev 08 hrsQA 04 hrs
CoSQ = 80 hrsDev 60 hrsQA 20 hrs
Dev 20 hrsQA 10hrs
Dev 12 hrsQA 08 hrs
Dev 09 hrsQA 05 hrs
21-Dec 24-Dec 30-Dec 08-Jan
144 hrs
110hrs
8/2/2019 Cost of Q v2
11/14
SQA
Economics SW Quality
You must put a quality product into test before youcan expect to get out one, otherwise rework will bevery high.
Software quality largely concern with defect preventionand appraisal.
Finding a requirement error in test can be veryexpensive. Finding a code error during code review will
generally cost much less.
8/2/2019 Cost of Q v2
12/14
SQA
Quality Cost Analysis
The objective of the quality cost analysis is not toreduce the cost, but to make sure that the costspent are the right kind of cost and that maximizebenefit derived from that investment.
Cost benefit analysis can be used for almostanything, it is most commonly done on financialquestions.
The cost of quality is a tool for measuring the cost,an organization has to bear for not getting thingsright first time.
8/2/2019 Cost of Q v2
13/14
SQA
Quality Cost Analysis
0 %10
20
30 %40
50
60 %
1 2 3 4 5
Prevention (QA)Appraisal (QC)
Int FailureExt Failure
Total Cost of Quality
Years
Percentage
oftotal
projectcos
t
CMM Level-3
Stephen T. Knox
8/2/2019 Cost of Q v2
14/14
SQA
Quality Cost Analysis
1
5
10
1
2 3 4 5 6 7
CoSQ
SoftwareQuality
Business
Performance
Years
ImprovementMultiplier
Herb Krasner