8/14/2019 Cosmin Pacuraru- Romania between the russian energetic threat and the environmental shale gas extraction risk.…

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/cosmin-pacuraru-romania-between-the-russian-energetic-threat-and-the-environmental 1/13

8/14/2019 Cosmin Pacuraru- Romania between the russian energetic threat and the environmental shale gas extraction risk.…

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/cosmin-pacuraru-romania-between-the-russian-energetic-threat-and-the-environmental 2/13

European infrastructure companies %communications, railroad transport, etc ) in

e7change for a smaller price on gas %Moldoga$, national gas distri!utor for the

Repu!lic of Moldova is held in a >#? proportion !y 1a$prom and Moldova imports

with #00 Euros cheaper that the rest of the countries)

The EU statistics say that @A? of the Union’s gas consumption is represented !y pipeline imports, these !eing made !y the folloing" >/? Russia, 2#? 'orway,

#/? lgeria, 2? 9i!ya, /? 6ranA

The countries with the larges consumption rate in Europe are" 1ermany,

Brance, 6taly, Tur*ey, and U*raine The firs three, !eing in the European Union

su!(ect to the minimum of the laws imposed !y the new common energetic strategy

These are" energetic consumption reduction with /0? and /0? of the produced

energy must !e renewa!le until /0/0 %Cirective /0- /0- /0

>

) and the energeticstrategy for the reduction of 1a$prom’s monopoly, ela!orated in /0##, which

oversees the development and realisation of alternative gas supply routes lso, the

European commission made a decision that o!liges all the countries to interconnect

their gas transport and electric energy routesD

Energy consuming countries turned their attention to natural gasses in the last

>0 years, and the richest resources can !e fount today in Russia t that time, there

e7isted a common tacit agreement !etween a part of the European ;ommunities and

USSR" the first of them providing technology and the other resources 6n the winterof /00>- /00D, the firs gas crisis was triggered in Russia and U*raine and the gas

deliveries to the EU were interrupted Even though studies that calculated the ris* of

total disconnection e7isted, until then there wasn’t any syncope in gas provision The

construction of 'orth Stream started in that period, the gas pipeline that goes under

the &altic Sea and avoids passing through U*raine, &elorussia, Poland, the ;$ech

Repu!lic and Slova*ia and has the purpose to reduce the political influences of these

states and increase 1ermany’s energetic dependence to the Russian Bederation

The European Union is energetically dependent of Russia in proportion of over

20? on all raw materials

8/14/2019 Cosmin Pacuraru- Romania between the russian energetic threat and the environmental shale gas extraction risk.…

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/cosmin-pacuraru-romania-between-the-russian-energetic-threat-and-the-environmental 3/13

Ta!le #" Source ;E- EUR8STT@

!hat Russia !ants

" #locking all transport and provision alternatives

The emphasis on the economic crisis !rought to the decrease of raw material

need and implicitly of Russian raw material imports with more than /0? in the last

years, which does not suit Russia too well 6t created political and economic

 pressures on the European Union and the countries that have economic contracts so

that they won’t lower their imported gas consumption Putting in !alance the

 possi!ility to realise alternative transport routes for resources %'a!ucco and 1R6)

and discovering alternative resources %shale gasses) made the Russian foreign policy

to radicalise and to represent a ris* factor in the international security environment

e can o!serve that Russia put in remar*a!le efforts to finish the 'orth

Stream gas pipeline !efore its due date, to !ring in discussion a possi!le South

Stream gas pipeline, to minimise the importance of the 'a!ucco gas pipeline and the

liFuefied gas transport route 1R6 !out the finality of the negotiations

overloo*ing 'a!ucco, it is found that Russia negotiated with Tur*ey, the &otas

;ompany *ey shareholder the realisation of pro(ect 'a!ucco, so that the companywould waiver its participation in this pro(ect 6n e7change, 1a$prom engaged not to

dif h d i h h &l S h i li h i

8/14/2019 Cosmin Pacuraru- Romania between the russian energetic threat and the environmental shale gas extraction risk.…

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/cosmin-pacuraru-romania-between-the-russian-energetic-threat-and-the-environmental 4/13

Russia with Tur*ey under the &lac* Sea lso, Russia engaged to supply Tur*ey

with the necessary technology to !uild an atomic-electric power stationG

Bigure# Source" 1a$promcom

The discovery of new gas resources in the &lac* Sea close to Romanian and

&ulgarian territory, and significant shale gas resources in Poland, Romania and

&ulgaria, resources that would guarantee energetic security for the respective

countries#0  for a long period of time and would ma*e possi!le gas e7port to the

western countries These discoveries represent a ma(or threat in the loss of asignificant percentage in Russian gas e7ports and a loss of influence in its strategic

$one

nother way is !uying in advance of gas production of former USSR

e7porting countries towards transportation and selling, two e7amples !eing the

dou!ling of the gas Fuantity ta*en !y $er!ai(an##  or cutting the pipelines in

Tur*menistan to any other importing country#/

$% &he creation o' (the energetic pliers)Until this moment only 'orth Stream is functional, which represents the

northern route of the energetic pliers, &lue Stream a part of the southern route, South

Stream is e7pected to !e designed and realised

8/14/2019 Cosmin Pacuraru- Romania between the russian energetic threat and the environmental shale gas extraction risk.…

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/cosmin-pacuraru-romania-between-the-russian-energetic-threat-and-the-environmental 5/13

Bigure /" http"33wwwsouth-stream-transportcom

&he public opinion in'luence and the respective countries’ administration

rticles e7isted a!out the minimisation of the declarations and information in

reference to the newly discovered reserves This way article appeared in the Russian

 press, imported !y the other countries that are trying to minimise the resources and

reducing the ones that made the declarations to a!surd#2

6n the firs wee* of the new US9 government in Romania, a strategy changewas produced, which targets 1a$prom’s entrance or of its su!sidiaries in the

Romanian mar*et of distri!ution of fuels or services fter a wee* from the change

of power, the '6S ;ompany, su!sidiary to 1a$prom in Ser!ia, too* over a chain of

gas stations in Romania#A and is preparing to invest over >00 million Euros in the

domain#> Three months prior to US9’s rise to power, 1a$prom overta*es a

 !un*ering firm in the port of ;onstanta#D and is in negotiations with the Romanian

government to get hold of the 8ltchim state company# 6f we analyse the facts, we

can conclude that in the period of the PC9 governing !etween /00@- /0##, no powerful Russian firm invested in Romania, only after US9’s rise to power this

happened

Still in the first wee* of US9 governing, a moratorium overloo*ing the

e7ploration and e7ploitation of shale gasses on the Romanian territory was

imposed#@ This was done to stop the merican firm ;hevron’s e7ploitation in two

$ones %&arlad and the southern seaside) e can assess that the introduction of this

moratorium !y the Romanian 1overnment was made at the insistence of the Russian

diplomats similar thing happened in the case of the gold e7ploitation in Rosia

Montana which is leased to a ;anadian firm similar decision was made in

8/14/2019 Cosmin Pacuraru- Romania between the russian energetic threat and the environmental shale gas extraction risk.…

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/cosmin-pacuraru-romania-between-the-russian-energetic-threat-and-the-environmental 6/13

&ulgaria overloo*ing its shale gasses, &ulgaria !eing #00? dependent on Russian

gas#G

e now analy$e !oth of the protests against the shale gasses performed in

&arlad in the spring of /0#/, protests at which participated over >000 citi$ens/0 e

consider that no Romanian organisation can gather as many people not even in&ucharest, serving as e7amples the demonstrations organised over the course of time

 !y any organisation, protest demonstrations that hardly gathered #000 people

* &he in'luence o' the +, governing and the component countries’

administration

 'ot all the decisions made in the Parliament and 1overnment of the

European countries were in their advantage The last decision which can !e put under

a Fuestion mar* !elongs to the 1erman &undestagH this !eing the decision to close allthe atom-electric power station in the situation that /? of the energy produced

comes from nuclear fusion/# 1radually, !y /0/0, all the 1erman nuclear power

stations will !e closed, the necessary energy !eing produced from coal and gas

Statistics say that the ris* of a nuclear power station accident is smaller than any

other power stations and that pollution is on a greater scale in the case of thermo

 power stations powered !y fossil fuels and that 1ermany is the largest importer of

Russian raw materials, especially gas, we can assess that the law of which we’re

tal*ing a!out is in Russia’s favour and in 1ermany’s detriment and the decision

could have !een influenced !y Russian organisations and institutions

8/14/2019 Cosmin Pacuraru- Romania between the russian energetic threat and the environmental shale gas extraction risk.…

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/cosmin-pacuraru-romania-between-the-russian-energetic-threat-and-the-environmental 7/13

Ta!le /

8ther decisions that can !e interpreted in this way could !e the two

moratoriums imposed !y the &ulgarian and Romanian governments overloo*ing

shale gasses

!hat the +uropean ,nion wants and implicitl Romania

" -lternative suppl and transport sources

+nowing the resources found in the ;aucasian countries and the annual supply

 potential of natural gas" Tur*menistan- @0 !illion mc3year, +a$a*hstan- >0 !illion

mc3year, and U$!e*istan- /> !illion mc3year, the European Union assesses this $one

to !e an opportunity to escape 1a$prom’s monopoly ;omparing the acFuisition

 price of these countries’ supplied gas at the frontier !y Russia, these !eing !etween

D> and ##0I3 #000 mc and the price with which re-e7ports, sometimes over >00I3#000 mc, we can summari$e that EU’s offer is more advantageous for these

countries This is the reason for the tal* a!out the importance of the 'a!ucco and

1R6 pro(ects

The 'a!ucco pro(ect started in /00/ ith the coming of the crisis, the

decrease in gas demand and the completion of 'orth Stream left the pro(ect without

financing resources

Bigure 2" Source" http"33eurodialogueorg

The situation at this moment is the following" there are discussions a!out an

alternative shorter than 'a!ucco %est 'a!ucco) that will pass through &ulgaria,

Romania, :ungary, finally reaching ustria The Tur*ish side will !e covered !y a

new pipeline route" Trans-natolia 1as Pipeline %T'P)//

8/14/2019 Cosmin Pacuraru- Romania between the russian energetic threat and the environmental shale gas extraction risk.…

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/cosmin-pacuraru-romania-between-the-russian-energetic-threat-and-the-environmental 8/13

Bigure A" Source" http"33wwwtanapcom

6n /0#/ the 8MJ president, coming in a vi$it in Romania, declared that an

immense gas source is present in the &lac* Sea/2 8n 8cto!er # /0#/, the president

of Romania, Traian &asescu, declared after a meeting with the ustrian foreign

affaris minister that Kthe regional energetic strategy can !e changed due to 8MJPetrom and due to the resources discovered in the &lac* Sea5 /A

!out the 1R6 pro(ect %$er!ai(an- 1eorgia- Romania interconnector) there

are less discussions !ecause the pro(ect is only at the feasi!ility sudy stage The

 pro(ect does not yet have financing sources and has not yet !een discussed in the

Europrean ;ommission

$ Smaller prices 'or Russian imports

ccording to Eurostat, over >0? of EU’s energy comes from imports outsidethe EU/> and the greatest part of these imports come from Russia

Ta!le 2e can o!serve that there e7ists a tendency of percentage growth due to the

decrease of EU’s reserves, event though the Fuantity of the imports are decreasing

6n the last #0 years Russia dou!led its gas prices 6f in /002 the average price

of gas imported in the EU form Russia was #2#I3#000 mc /D, some of them having

lower prices %Poland imported with #/0I3#000 mc)/, today we find that prices differ

depending on the total e7port value in a country in relation to the total e7port value in

all importing countries, depending on the dependency of the country, depending onthe Russian imports, and depending on Russia’s economical and political interests in

8/14/2019 Cosmin Pacuraru- Romania between the russian energetic threat and the environmental shale gas extraction risk.…

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/cosmin-pacuraru-romania-between-the-russian-energetic-threat-and-the-environmental 9/13

the country/@ The average import price in /00G for the EU countries was 20#I3#000

mcH in other countries e7ceeding A#0?3#000 mc

These growths don’t suit ant country, so the European ;ommission adopted a

 plan of action in /00@ that provides interconnecting all the gas pipelines from the

mem!er states, realising deposits in every country for minimum gas and petrol stoc*,ensuring a free mar*et for raw material prices in the EU and a supply networ*

through more transport routes/G lso, the EU imposed 1a$prom to renegotiate the

gas prices 6n /0#/, the negotiations were finalised, 1a$prom offering lower prices to

the main energetic European companies20

. +nergetic e''icienc growths and the use o' renewable resources

nother option imposed !y the European ;ommission is the adoption in /0#0

of the 4Energy /0/0 Safety for a competitive, dura!le, and secure energy5initiative2# This strategy defines the energetic priorities for a ten year period and

determines actions that should !e performed to address a series of challenges,

including the realisation of a competitive and safe supply price mar*et, facilitating

the leader position in technology and efficient negotiation with international partners,

growing the energetic performances !y /0? and imputing that /0? of the consumed

energy should come from renewa!le sources

,nited States and the +urasian energ resources

Even from the G0s, the United States !egan partnerships with the ;aspiancountries in the idea of petrol and natural gas prospection and e7traction The

merican companies have advanced technology and are present at this moment in

the ma(ority of former USSR countries in various forms" from the Russian (oint-

venture T'+- &P to the concession of petrol fields in the ;aspian Sea and the &lac*

Sea 6n the last period, merican ;ompany ;hevron prospected many $ones in

Poland, &ulgaria, and Romania discovering resources that could ma*e Europe

independent of Russian energy The only country to start shale gas e7ploitation is

Poland Romania and &ulgaria esta!lished moratoriums to prospect and e7ploit theirshale gas

Romania and shale gas

  Shale gas is considered a non-conventional resource and is a geological

formation of hydrocar!ons that is present in a small concentration in roc*s, with a

wide surface span, present /-2*m in the ground2/ 6ts e7traction is realised !y a

relatively new technology called hydraulic fracturing which forces gasses free

themselves form the roc*s and find their way to the surface :ydraulic fracturing is

controversial !ecause it is thought to have negative effects on the environment Even

th h D0? f d ti i th U it d St t f h d li

8/14/2019 Cosmin Pacuraru- Romania between the russian energetic threat and the environmental shale gas extraction risk.…

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/cosmin-pacuraru-romania-between-the-russian-energetic-threat-and-the-environmental 10/13

fracturing and hori$ontal drilling and in Romania, Romga$ ;ompany is using a

similar method, which is now outdated22  and this company accidentally o!tained

gasses and shale gasses, the authorities have not yet ela!orated a strategy in reference

with these resources

The first commercial e7ploitations too* place in the @0s, the technology !eingimproved Bor over A0 years the Environmental Protection gency %EP) studies the

environmental ris*s and has not yet come to any conclusion ith all this, the

scientists consider that there are ecological ris*s related to the contamination of earth

and water, and ris*s related to earthFua*es, !ut there are no ma(or environmental

accident recorded

There doesn’t yet e7ist an e7ploration and e7ploitation of these type of

resources regulation staff in Romania, the environmental organisations invo*ing theopaFue decision of the authorities in this domain

ith all this, after the US9 government’s coming to power, the Environment

and Borest Minister instituted a moratorium over the prospection and e7ploitation of

shale gasses e remem!er that in March of /0#/ PSC forwarded in the Romanian

Senate a law pro(ect that oversees !anning this type of e7traction

nalysing the 'ational Security Strategy that contains parts dedicated to the

energetic strategy, it can !e o!served that there is no reference to the non-conventional resources or shale gas resources Even though the su!(ect of energetic

security was secured !y President Traian &asescu, no one from the present

governmental coalition ma*es any reference to the energetic security, so neither the

shale gasses

Conclusions

Romania is in the impossi!ility to decide the future energetic strategy

+nowing that the present 'ational Security Strategy was ela!orated !y the former

;ST component at the same time as the former PC9 government, in the presentsituation that the government affirms generalities in the 1overnmental Program in

reference to the alignment with the European security strategy we can affirm that at

this moment, Romania has no strategy in this domain2A

Romania has two possi!le energetic strategies" # Romania can rely on gas

imports from Russia, meaning that the imposed prices depend on the waiver margins

on national security pro!lems in favour of the Russian Bederation / Romania will

rely in its shale gas resources and will sustain and invest in the newly discoveredreserves or in the !ypass conventional natural gas transport routes

8/14/2019 Cosmin Pacuraru- Romania between the russian energetic threat and the environmental shale gas extraction risk.…

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/cosmin-pacuraru-romania-between-the-russian-energetic-threat-and-the-environmental 11/13

# +upchins*y, Roman - 1LPR8M’S EUR8PE' E&, .amestown Boundation 9i!rary,.amesTown /00G/ Pcuraru, ;osmin 1a!riel N Europa si imposi!ilitatea managementului securit ii energetice,ț

6mpact Strategic nr 2 %A0) /0##, U'P2 6onescu, 1eorgeta N 1a$ele de sist o noua provocare, sociatia 9M-R8, iulie /0#/A EUR8STT site

> Romanian 1overnment siteD Romanian Presidency site Europe Union site@ 6EEH 1a$prom sitesG sites of online pu!lication" 6nfoRusiaroH Radio Jocea RusieiH devrulH 1OndulH Liarul BinaciarLiarecomH Cigi /AH Mediafa7H The .amesTown BoundationH :otnewsH TJR 6nfo

8/14/2019 Cosmin Pacuraru- Romania between the russian energetic threat and the environmental shale gas extraction risk.…

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/cosmin-pacuraru-romania-between-the-russian-energetic-threat-and-the-environmental 12/13

1 +upchins*y, Roman - 1LPR8M’S EUR8PE' E&, .amestown Boundation 9i!rary, .amesTown /00G, pag /2 6nfoRusiaro - http"33inforusiaro3inde7phpoptionQcom<contentviewQarticleidQ>>AD"moscova-isi-du!lea$a-achi$itiile-de-ga$-din-a$er!aid(ancatidQ2@"politica6temidQ>D3 6EE we!site- http"33wwwwieech34 Source" EUR8STT5 Europaeu - http"33wwweuroparleuropaeu3sides3getCocdotypeQ6M-

PRESSreferenceQ/00@#/0@&R6A2G22secondRefQ6TEM-00/-E'formatQM9languageQE'6 Europaeu - http"33europaeu3legislation<summaries3energy3internal<energy<mar*et3l/0@#<rohtm7 Pacuraru, ;osmin 1a!riel- Europe and the impossi!ility of energetic security management Strategic 6mpact nr 2 %A0)/0##, U'P, pag #0A8http"33eppeurostateceuropaeu3statistics<e7plained3inde7phptitleQBile"Main<origin<of<primary<energy<imports,<EU-/,</00#-/00G<%?/><of<e7tra<EU-/<imports)pngfiletimestampQ/0####/2#A00

9 Radio 4The Joice of Russia5- http"33Romnianruvrru3/0##30@3//3>>00DD@html

10 !out Romania, we have two interviews" The 8MJ and Petrom directors %:otnews - http"33economiehotnewsro3stiri-

energie-#22DD@0@-directorul-omv-petrom-e7tractia-ga$e-marea-neagra-putea-incepe-spre-sfarsitul-deceniului-e7ploatarea- putea-asigura-independenta-energetic-Romniei-privinta-ga$elor-naturalehtm) i al directorului SR6 %:otnews -ș

http"33wwwhotnewsro3stiri-esential-#22DGDG0-george-maior-seful-sri-prospectiunile-e77on-arata-sunt-re$erve-serioase-e7trem-importante-hidrocar!uri-marea-neagrahtm)11  6nforusiaro - http"33inforusiaro3inde7phpoptionQcom<contentviewQarticleidQ>>AD"moscova-isi-du!lea$a-

achi$itiile-de-ga$-din-a$er!aid(ancatidQ2@"politica6temidQ>D12 devrul N ;hap /, aligment >" http"33wwwadevarulro3actualitate3;u<Traian<&asescu<in<Tur*menistan-tara<unui<singur<om<0<G#G/0G0html13 E7ample" Radio 4The Joice of Russia5- 4Mariana 1heorghe did not confirm in any way the !om!astic declarations ofthe 8MJ director, 1erhard Roiss, a!out the natural gas reserves discovered in the Romanian &lac* Sea territory Thee7istence of a 4gigantic deposit5 or 4of glo!al scale5 was not mentioned 4http"33Romnianruvrru3/0#/<#0<0@3G0>2/AA23514 devrul - http"33www!usiness/Aro3ga$prom3investitii3nis-su!sidiara-sar!a-a-ga$prom-se-e7tinde-in-sud-estul-europei-#>#>D@D

15 1andul - http"33wwwgandulinfo3news3nis-su!sidiara-sar!a-a-ga$prom-are-aproape-D00-de-milioane-de-dolari-pentru-e7plorari-in-Romnia-ungaria-si-!osnia-GA0>0

16 Liarul Binaciar - http"33www$fro3companii3rusii-de-la-ga$prom-se-plasea$a-strategic-in-portul-constanta-prin-achi$itia-

unei-afaceri-detinute-de-generalul-pacurei-#00DG>317 Liarecom - http"33www$iarecom3victor-ponta3premier3ponta-nu-m-ar-deran(a-nici-ga$prom-nici-dan-diaconescu-la-oltchim-##G0A> si http"33www$iarecom3economie3privati$are3mitrea-daca-ga$prom-a-depus-oferta-pentru-oltchim-i-as-da-gratis-com!inatul-##G0@G18 Cigi /A - http"33wwwdigi/Aro3stire3Ceci$iile-privind-Rosia-Montana-si-ga$ele-de-sist-amanate-pana-dupa-alegerile- parlamentare</#/GG19 Pacuraru, ;osmin 1a!riel - - Europe and the impossi!ility of energetic security management Strategic 6mpact, nr2 %A0)/0##, U'P, pag #0- ta!le nr#

20Mediafa7 - http"33wwwmediafa7ro3social3proteste-la-!arlad-mii-de-oameni-au-cerut-!locarea-e7ploatarii-ga$elor-de-sist-GA/// 21 Eurostat - http"33eppeurostateceuropaeu3statistics<e7plained3inde7phptitleQBile"Energy<production,<#GGG<and</00G<%million<tonnes<of<oil<eFuivalent)pngfiletimestampQ/0####/2#ADA22

 The .amesTown Boundation - http"33www(amestownorg3programs3edm3single3t7<ttnews?>&tt<news?>CQ2G@/t7<ttnews?>&!ac*Pid?>CQ/c:ashQ>e/Aec#A2d!#Gcf>#aeefee/edfaAcd23 :otnews - http"33economiehotnewsro3stiri-energie-#22DD@0@-directorul-omv-petrom-e7tractia-ga$e-marea-neagra-putea-

incepe-spre-sfarsitul-deceniului-e7ploatarea-putea-asigura-independenta-energetic-Romniei-privinta-ga$elor-naturalehtm24 :otnews - http"33economiehotnewsro3stiri-energie-#2A222>-traian-!asescu-strategia-energetic-regiunea-marii-negre- putea-schim!a-dupa-noile-descoperiri-hidrocar!uri-$onahtm25 Eurostat - http"33eppeurostateceuropaeu3statistics<e7plained3inde7phptitleQBile"Energy<dependency<rate,<EU-/,<#GGG-/00G<%?/><of<net<imports<in<gross<inland<consumption<and<!un*ers,<!ased<on<tonnes<of<oil<eFuivalent)pngfiletimestampQ/0####/2#A>>26 :otnews - http"33mediahotnewsro3media<server#3document-/0##-0>-#D-@D2#@#-0-raport-ga$prom-/0#07ls

8/14/2019 Cosmin Pacuraru- Romania between the russian energetic threat and the environmental shale gas extraction risk.…

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/cosmin-pacuraru-romania-between-the-russian-energetic-threat-and-the-environmental 13/13

27 Pacuraru, ;osmin 1a!riel N Sigurantaenergeticro - http"33wwwsigurantaenergeticro3wp-content3uploads3/00G30>3;at-

de-tare-ne-permitem-sa-suparam-Rusiadoc

28 Pacuraru, ;osmin 1a!riel- Europe and the impossi!ility of energetic security management Strategic 6mpact nr 2 %A0)/0##, U'P, pag #0@

29  Europaeu - http"33eur-le7europaeu39e7UriServ39e7UriServdouriQ;E9E">/0#0C;0D"R8"'8T

30 6nforusiaro - http"33inforusiaro3inde7phpoptionQcom<contentviewQarticleidQ>>//"companii-energetice-europene-au-o!tinut-modificarea-contractelor-cu-ga$promcatidQ2@"politica6temidQ>D31 Europeeu - http"33eur-le7europaeu39e7UriServ39e7UriServdouriQ;E9E">/0#0C;0D2G"R8"'8T32 6onescu, 1eorgeta- Shale gas, a new challange, 9M-R8 ssociation, .uly /0#/ http"33issuucom3alma-ro3docs3!rosura<ga$e<de<sist

33 TJR 6nfo - http"33wwwtvrinforo3director-romga$--scandalul-privind-hidrocracarea-este-intretinut-de-cineva<#A0#html

34 The 1overnmental Program /0#/- The Romanian 1overnment’s we!site

http"33wwwgovro3upload3articles3##2//3programul-de-guvernare-/0#/pdf