Cosmetic Surgery and You

COSMETICSURGERY YOU

Arm LiftBody ContouringTummy TuckBreast AugmentationBreast Lift

FEATURED SURGEONDr. Joseph A. Mele, MD, FACS

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Body LiftsArm LiftBody Contouring After Major Weight LossTummy Tuck

BreastBreast AugmentationBreast Lift Surgery

Featured SurgeonDr. Joseph A. Mele, MD, FACS

Inside this issue you will find important information on the following subjects:

The views and opinions or otherwise in this brochure do not represent that of any specific medical doctor, publisher or writers of this brochure. It is recommended that you research all options including talking with your medical provider before making any decision about any treatments listed here within. This is an advertisement.

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What is an arm lift?

An arm lift, also known as brachioplasty, reduces excess skin and fat between the underarm and the elbow, reshapes your arm to result in smoother skin and contours, and results in a more toned and proportionate appearance

Brachioplasty

Inside

Beauty for lifeWhat to expect during your consultationPreparing for arm lift surgeryArm lift risks and safety informationWhat happens during arm lift surgery?Arm lift recoverThe results will be long‐lastingHow much will arm lift surgery cost?Brachioplasty words to knowQuestions to ask my plastic surgeon

CONTENTS

Brachioplasty

Beauty for life

Enhancing your appearance with an arm lift

Fluctuations in weight, growing older and even heredity can cause your upper arms to have a drooping, sagging appearance.Exercise may strengthen and improve the underlying muscle tone of the upper arm, but it cannot address excess skin that has lost elasticity or underlying weakened tissues and localized fat deposits.

If the underside of your upper arms are sagging or appear loose and full due to excess skin and fat, an arm lift may be right for you.

An arm lift:

Reduces excess skin and fat between the underarm and the elbow Reshapes your arm to result in smoother skin and contours Results in a more toned and proportionate appearance.

A special note: In order to achieve your improved image, there will be a scar on the inside of your upper arm.

NEXTBACK ARM TOPICS CONTENTS

Brachioplasty

What to expect during your consultation

The success and safety of your arm lift procedure depends very much on your complete candidness during your consultation. You’ll be asked a number of questions about your health, desires and lifestyle.

Be prepared to discuss:Why you want the surgery, your expectations and desired outcome Medical conditions, drug allergies and medical treatments. Use of current medications, vitamins, herbal supplements, alcohol, tobacco and drugs, and previous surgeries.

Your surgeon may also:Evaluate your general health status and any pre‐existing health conditions or risk factors Take photographs for your medical record Discuss your options and recommend a course of treatment Discuss likely outcomes of arm lift surgery and any risks or potential complications

NEXT BACK ARM TOPICS CONTENTS

Brachioplasty

Preparing for arm lift surgery

Prior to surgery, you may be asked to:

Get lab testing or a medical evaluation Take certain medications or adjust your current medications Stop smoking well in advance of surgery Avoid taking aspirin, anti‐inflammatory drugs and herbal supplements as they can increase bleeding

Special instructions you receive will cover:What to do on the day of surgery The use of anesthesia during your arm lift Post‐operative care and follow‐upYour plastic surgeon will also discuss where your procedure will be performed. Arm lift surgery may be performed in an accredited office‐based surgical center, outpatient or ambulatory surgical center, or a hospital.

You’ll need helpIf your arm lift is performed on an outpatient basis, be sure to arrange for someone to drive you to and from surgery and to stay with you for at least the first night following surgery.


Brachioplasty

Arm lift risks and safety information

The decision to have arm lift surgery is extremely personal and you’ll have to decide if the benefits will achieve your goals and if the risks and potential complications are acceptable.You will be asked to sign consent forms to ensure that you fully understand the procedure you will undergo and any risks and potential complications.

The risks include:Unfavorable scarring Bleeding (hematoma) Infection Fluid accumulation Anesthesia risks Poor wound healing Skin loss Blood clots Numbness or other changes in skin sensation Skin discoloration and/or prolonged swelling Asymmetry Major wound separation Fatty tissue found deep in the skin might die (fat necrosis) Damage to deeper structures such as nerves, blood vessels,

CONTINUED


Brachioplasty


muscles, and lungs Pain, which may persist Deep vein thrombosis, cardiac and pulmonary complications Sutures may spontaneously surface through the skin, become visible or produce irritation that require removal Possibility of revisional surgery

These risks and others will be fully discussed prior to your consent. It is important that you address all your questions directly with your plastic surgeon. It is natural to feel some anxiety, whether excitement for the anticipated outcomes or preoperative stress. Discuss these feelings with your plastic surgeon.

When you go homeIf you experience shortness of breath, chest pains, or unusual heart beats, seek medical attention immediately. Should any of these complications occur, you may require hospitalization and additional treatment. The practice of medicine and surgery is not an exact science. Although good results are expected, there is no guarantee. In some situations, it may not be possible to achieve optimal results with a single surgical procedure and another surgery may be necessary.

CONTINUED

NEXTBACK ARM TOPICS CONTENTS

Brachioplasty


Be carefulFollowing your physician’s instructions is key to the success of your surgery. It is important that the surgical incisions are not subjected to excessive force, swelling, abrasion, or motion during the time of healing. Your doctor will give you specific instructions on how to care for yourself.

Be sure to ask questions:It’s very important to ask your plastic surgeon questions about your arm lift procedure. It’s natural to feel some anxiety, whether it’s excitement for your anticipated new look or a bit of preoperative stress. Don’t be shy about discussing these feelings with your plastic surgeon.

END

ARM TOPICS CONTENTSNEXTBACK

Brachioplasty

What happens during arm lift surgery?

Step 1 ‐ AnesthesiaMedications are administered for your comfort during the surgical procedures. The choices include intravenous sedation and general anesthesia. Your doctor will recommend the best choice for you.

Step 2 ‐ The incisionIncision length and pattern depend on the amount and location of excess skin to be removed, as well as the best judgment of your plastic surgeon.Incisions are generally placed on the inside of the arm or on the back of the arm, depending on the surgeon’s preference, and may extend from the underarm (axilla) to just above the elbow. If fat is to be reduced during your arm lift, it will be excised or treated with liposuction.

Inner arm incisionDepending on your specific conditions, incisions may be more limited. Then, underlying supportive tissue is tightened and reshaped with internal sutures. Finally, the skin is smoothed over the new contour of your arm.back of arm incisionminimal incisionCONTINUED


Brachioplasty

What happens during arm lift surgery?

Step 3 ‐ Closing the incisionsYour incisions will be closed with absorbable sutures, or stitches that will be removed within 1‐2 weeks following your arm lift.Step 4 ‐ See the resultsThe smoother, tighter contours that result from brachioplasty are apparent almost immediately following your procedure, although initial results will be somewhat obscured by swelling and bruising. Your new, shapely and toned upper arm is dramatically improved both in appearance and feel.

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Brachioplasty

Arm lift recovery

Following your surgery, dressings or bandages may be applied to your incisions, and your arms may be wrapped in an elastic bandage or a compression garment to minimize swelling. A small, thin tube may be temporarily placed under the skin to drain any excess blood or fluid that may collect.

You will be given specific instructions that may include:How to care for the surgical site and drains, medications to apply or take orally to aid healing and reduce the potential for infection, specific concerns to look for at the surgical site or in your general health, and when to follow up with your plastic surgeon.Be sure to ask your plastic surgeon specific questions about what you can expect during your individual recovery period.Where will I be taken after my surgery is complete?What medication will I be given or prescribed after surgery?Will I have dressings/bandages after surgery? When will they be removed?Are stitches removed? When?When can I resume normal activity and exercise?When do I return for follow‐up care?


Brachioplasty

The results will be long‐lasting

The results of arm lift surgery will be long‐lasting, provided that you maintain a stable weight and general fitness. As your body ages, it is natural to lose some firmness, but most of your improvement should be relatively permanent


Brachioplasty

How much will arm lift surgery cost?

Cost is always a consideration in elective surgery. Surgeon’s cost for an arm lift may vary based on his or her experience, the type of procedure used, as well as geographic office location. Many plastic surgeons offer patient financing plans, so be sure to ask.

Cost may include:Surgeon’s feeHospital or surgical facility costsAnesthesia feesPrescriptions for medicationPost‐surgery garmentsMedical tests

Your satisfaction involves more than a feeWhen choosing a plastic surgeon for an arm lift, remember that the surgeon’s experience and your comfort with him or her are just as important as the final cost of the surgery.Most health insurance does not cover cosmetic surgery or its complications.


Brachioplasty

Brachioplasty words to know

Arm lift: A surgical procedure, also known as brachioplasty, to correct sagging of the upper arms.Axilla: The underarm area.Brachioplasty: A surgical procedure, also known as arm lift, to correct sagging of upper arms.General anesthesia: Drugs and/or gases used during an operation to relieve pain and alter consciousness.Hematoma: Blood pooling beneath the skin.Intravenous sedation: Sedatives administered by injection into a vein to help you relax.Liposuction: Also called lipoplasty or suction lipectomy, this procedure vacuums out fat from beneath the skin’s surface to reduce fullness.Local anesthesia: A drug injected directly to the site of an incision during an operation to relieve pain.Skin laxity: Degree of loose skin.Sutures: Stitches used by surgeons to hold skin and tissue together


Brachioplasty

Questions to ask my plastic surgeon

Use this checklist as a guide during your consultation1. Are you certified by the American Board of Plastic Surgery?2. Were you specifically trained in the field of plastic surgery?3. How many years of plastic surgery training have you had?4. Do you have hospital privileges to perform this procedure? If so, at which

hospitals?5. Is the office‐based surgical facility accredited by a nationally‐ or state‐

recognized accrediting agency, or is it state‐licensed or Medicare‐certified?6. Am I a good candidate for this procedure?7. What will be expected of me to get the best results?8. Where and how will you perform my procedure?9. What surgical technique is recommended for me?10. How long of a recovery period can I expect, and what kind of help will I need

during my recovery?11. What are the risks and complications associated with my procedure?12. How are complications handled?13. How can I expect my arms to look over time?14. What are my options if I am dissatisfied with the cosmetic outcome of my

arm lift?15. Do you have before‐and‐after photos I can look at for this procedure and

what results are reasonable for me?


After Major Weight Loss for Men and Women

CONTENTS

What is body contouring after major weight loss?

Body contouring after major weight loss improves the shape and tone of your underlying tissue that supports fat and skin and removes excess sagging fat and skin.

Inside

Beauty for lifeWhat to expect during your body contouring consultationPreparing for body contouring surgeryBody contouring risks and safety informationBody contouring procedure steps Body contouring recoveryThe results will be long‐lastingHow much will body contouring surgery cost?Body contouring words to knowQuestions to ask my plastic surgeon


BODY CONTOURING TOPICS CONTENTSNEXTBACK

Beauty for life

Enhancing your appearance with body contouring surgery

Following weight reduction surgery, or any substantial amount of weight loss, the skin and tissues often lack elasticity and cannot conform to the reduced body size. As a result, skin that has been severely stretched now is unsupported:Upper arms may sag and appear loose and fullBreasts may flatten and hang with nipples pointed downwardAbdominal area may extend around the sides and into the lower back area, resulting in an apron‐like overhangButtocks, groin and thighs can sag and cause hanging pockets of skinSurgical body contouring following major weight loss improves the shape and tone of your underlying tissue that supports fat and skin, and removes excess sagging fat and skin.The result is a more normal appearance to the body, with smoother contours. This is, in essence, the final phase of your total weight loss experience.

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Is it right for me?

Before you decide to undergo body contouring following major weight loss, your weight loss must be stabilized.If you continue to lose weight, sagging pockets will redevelop.If you rapidly regain the weight, you will traumatically stress your already weakened and thinned skin, causing further stress to the skin, visible stretch marks and wide scars.If you had weight reduction surgery, your plastic surgeon will work closely with your physician to determine when it is appropriate for you to begin body contouring.

Good candidates for body contouring are:

Adults of any age whose weight loss has stabilizedHealthy individuals who do not have medical conditions that can impair healing or increase risk of surgeryNon‐smokersIndividuals with a positive outlook and realistic goals for what body contouring can accomplishIndividuals committed to leading a healthy lifestyle including proper nutrition and fitness

END OF TOPIC



What to expect during your body contouring consultation

The success and safety of your body contouring procedure depends very much on your complete candidness during your consultation. You’ll be asked a number of questions about your health, desires and lifestyle.

Be prepared to discuss:Why you want the surgery, your expectations and desired outcomeThe options available in body contouring surgeryMedical conditions, drug allergies and medical treatmentsUse of current medications, vitamins, herbal supplements, alcohol, tobacco and drugsPrevious surgeries

Your surgeon may also:Evaluate your general health status and any pre‐existing health conditions or risk factorsExamine and measure your body, including detailed measurementsTake photographs for your medical recordDiscuss your options and recommend a course of treatmentDiscuss likely outcomes of your surgery and any risks or potential complications



Preparing for body contouring surgery

Prior to surgery, you may be asked to:Get lab testing or a medical evaluationTake certain medications or adjust your current medicationsStop smoking well in advance of surgeryAvoid taking aspirin, anti‐inflammatory drugs and herbal supplements as they can increase bleeding

Special instructions you receive will cover:What to do on the day of surgeryThe use of anesthesia during your body contouring surgeryPost‐operative care and follow‐upYour plastic surgeon will also discuss where your procedure will be performed. Body contouring surgery may be performed in an accredited office‐based surgical center, outpatient or ambulatory surgical center, or a hospital.

You’ll need helpIf a component of your body contouring surgery is performed on an outpatient basis, be sure to arrange for someone to drive you to and from surgery and to stay with you for at least the first night following surgery.



Body contouring risks and safety information

The decision to have body contouring surgery is extremely personal and you’ll have to decide if the benefits will achieve your goals and if the risks and potential complications are acceptable.Your plastic surgeon and/or staff will explain in detail the risks associated with surgery. You will be asked to sign consent forms to ensure that you fully understand the procedure you will undergo and any risks and potential complications.

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Possible risks of body contouring following major weight loss include:Unfavorable scarringBleeding (hematoma)InfectionFluid accumulationPoor wound healingSkin lossBlood clotsNumbness or other changes in skin sensationAnesthesia risksSkin discoloration and/or prolonged swellingFatty tissue found deep in the skin might die (fat necrosis)Major wound separationAsymmetryRecurrent looseness of skinPain, which may persistDeep vein thrombosis, cardiac and pulmonary complicationsPersistent swelling in the legsPossibility of revisional surgery

Be sure to ask questions:It’s very important to ask your plastic surgeon questions about your body contouring procedure. It’s natural to feel some anxiety, whether it’s excitement for your anticipated new look or a bit of preoperative stress. Don’t be shy about discussing these feelings with your plastic surgeon. END OF TOPIC



Body contouring procedure steps

What happens during body contouring surgery?The procedures necessary to achieve your goals will be defined along with a plan for the timing of these procedures. Plastic surgery procedures that may be recommended by your physician include:Lower body lift: to correct sagging of the abdomen, buttocks, groin and outer thighsBreast lift: to correct sagging, flattened breastsArm lift: to correct sagging of the upper armsThigh lift: to correct sagging of the inner, outer and mid thigh

Step 1 ‐ AnesthesiaMedications are administered for your comfort during the surgical procedures. The choices include intravenous sedation and general anesthesia. Your doctor will recommend the best choice for you.

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Step 2 ‐ The incisionAll body contouring procedures require incisions to remove excess skin. In many cases, these incisions may be extensive.Incision length and pattern depend on the amount and location of excess skin to be removed, as well as personal preference and your doctor’s surgical judgment.Advanced techniques usually allow incisions to be placed in strategic locations where they can be hidden by most types of clothing, but this is not always the case.Body contouring is often performed in stages. Your particular condition and goals, as well as your plastic surgeon’s best judgment, will all influence how your doctor defines a surgical plan. While it may have taken you two years or more to lose all the excess weight, it may take equally as long for the results of your body contouring to be complete.

Body LiftA complete lower body lift treats sagging buttocks, abdomen, waist, hips and outer thighs in one procedure or in staged procedures. Incision patterns vary, and may include a circumferential incision around the body to remove the "belt" of excess skin and fat.

END OF TOPIC



Body contouring recovery

After your body contouring procedure is completed, dressings or bandages will be applied to the incisions. A small, thin tube may be temporarily placed under the skin to drain any excess blood or fluid that may collect.

You will be given specific instructions that may include: How to care for your surgical site(s) following surgery, medications to apply or take orally to aid healing and reduce the risk of infection, specific concerns to look for at the surgical site or in your general health, and when to follow‐up with your plastic surgeon.Be sure to ask your plastic surgeon specific questions about what you can expect during your individual recovery period.Where will I be taken after my surgery is complete?What medication will I be given or prescribed after surgery?Will I have dressings/bandages after surgery? When will they be removed?Are stitches removed? When?When can I resume normal activity and exercise?When do I return for follow‐up care?

CONTINUED



When you go homeIf you experience shortness of breath, chest pains, or unusual heart beats, seek medical attention immediately. Should any of these complications occur, you may require hospitalization and additional treatment.The practice of medicine and surgery is not an exact science. Although good results are expected, there is no guarantee. In some situations, it may not be possible to achieve optimal results with a single surgical procedure and another surgery may be necessary.

Be carefulFollowing your physician's instructions is key to the success of your surgery. It is important that the surgical incisions are not subjected to excessive force, abrasion, or motion during the time of healing. Your doctor will give you specific instructions on how to care for yourself.

END OF TOPIC



The results will be long‐lasting

The results of a body contouring following aggressive weight loss are visible almost immediately.However, it may take as many as one to two years or more for the final results of all the recommended body contouring procedures to fully develop. Visible scars will remain, but the overall results are long lasting, provided that you maintain a stable weight and general fitness.As your body ages, it is natural to lose some firmness. However, most of your initial improvement should be relatively permanent.



How much will body contouring surgery cost?

Cost is always a consideration in elective surgery. Prices for body contouring procedures can vary widely.A surgeon’s cost for body contouring procedures may vary based on his or her experience, the type of procedure used, as well as geographic office location. Many plastic surgeons offer patient financing plans, so be sure to ask.

Costs may include:Surgeon’s feeHospital or surgical facility costsAnesthesia feesPrescriptions for medicationPost‐surgery garments, andMedical tests

Your satisfaction involves more than a feeWhen choosing a plastic surgeon for body contouring surgery, remember that the surgeon’s experience and your comfort with him or her are just as important as the final cost of the surgery.Most health insurance does not cover cosmetic surgery or its complications



Body contouring words to know

Areola: Pigmented skin surrounding the nipple.Arm lift: A surgical procedure, also known as brachioplasty, to correct sagging of the upper arms. Breast implants: Medical device placed in your body to enhance an existing breast size or to reconstruct your breast. Breast implants can be filled with either salt water (saline) or silicone (elastic gel).Breast lift: Also known as mastopexy, surgery to lift the breasts.Breast contouring: A surgical procedure following massive weight loss to improve shape and tone and remove excess fat and skin.Circumferential incision: A surgical incision around the body to remove the "belt" of excess skin and fat and additional incisions that may resemble a bikini bottom pattern.General anesthesia: Drugs and/or gases used during an operation to relieve pain and alter consciousness.

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Hematoma: Blood pooling beneath the skin.Intravenous sedation: Sedatives administered by injection into a vein to help you relax.Local anesthesia: A drug injected directly to the site of an incision during an operation to relieve pain.Lower body lift: Surgical procedure to correct sagging of the abdomen, buttocks, groin and outer thighs.Macerated skin: Excess skin that hangs and becomes wet or infected underneath.Medial thigh lift: A surgical procedure to correct sagging of the inner thigh.Outer thigh lift: A surgical procedure to correct sagging of the outer and mid‐thigh.Sutures: Stitches used by surgeons to hold skin and tissue together.

END OF TOPIC



Questions to ask my plastic surgeon

Use this checklist as a guide during your consultation

1. Are you certified by the American Board of Plastic Surgery?2. Were you trained specifically in the field of plastic surgery?3. How many years of plastic surgery training have you had?4. Do you have hospital privileges to perform this procedure? If so, at which


recognized accrediting agency, or is it state‐licensed or Medicare‐certified?6. Am I a good candidate for this procedure?7. What will be expected of me to get the best results?8. Where and how will you perform my procedure?9. What surgical technique is recommended for me?10. How long of a recovery period can I expect, and what kind of help will I need

during my recovery?11. What are the risks and complications associated with my procedure?12. How are complications handled?13. How can I expect to look over time? After pregnancy?14. What are my options if I am dissatisfied with the cosmetic outcome of my

procedure?15. Do you have before‐and‐after photos I can look at for this procedure and what

results are reasonable for me?

Abdominoplasty

CONTENTS

What is a tummy tuck?

Also known as abdominoplasty, a tummy tuck removes excess fat and skin, and in most cases restores weakened or separated muscles creating an abdominal profile that is smoother and firmer. A flat and well‐toned abdomen is something many of us strive for through exercise and weight control. Sometimes these methods cannot achieve our goals. Even individuals of otherwise normal body weight and proportion can develop an abdomen that protrudes or is loose and sagging.

Inside

What to expect during your tummy tuck consultationPreparing for tummy tuck surgeryTummy tuck surgery risks and safety informationTummy tuck procedure steps Tummy tuck recoveryHow much will a tummy tuck surgery cost?Tummy tuck words to knowQuestions to ask my plastic surgeon

Abdominoplasty

TUMMY TUCK TOPICS CONTENTSNEXTBACK

What to expect during your tummy tuck consultation

The success and safety of your tummy tuck procedure depends very much on your complete candidness during your consultation. You’ll be asked a number of questions about your health, desires and lifestyle.

Be prepared to discuss:Why you want the surgery, your expectations and desired outcome Medical conditions, drug allergies and medical treatments. Use of current medications, vitamins, herbal supplements, alcohol, tobacco and drugs. Previous surgeries.

Your surgeon may also:Evaluate your general health status and any pre‐existing health conditions or risk factors Take photographs for your medical record Discuss your options and recommend a course of treatment Discuss likely outcomes of the tummy tuck and any risks or potential complications

Abdominoplasty


Preparing for tummy tuck surgery

Prior to surgery, you may be asked to:Get lab testing or a medical evaluation Take certain medications or adjust your current medications Stop smoking well in advance of surgery Avoid taking aspirin, anti‐inflammatory drugs and herbal supplements as they can increase bleeding

Special instructions you receive will cover:What to do on the day of surgery The use of anesthesia during your tummy tuck Post‐operative care and follow‐up

Abdominoplasty


Tummy tuck risks and safety information

The decision to have tummy tuck surgery is extremely personal and you’ll have to decide if the benefits will achieve your goals and if the risks and potential abdominoplasty complications are acceptable.Your plastic surgeon and/or staff will explain in detail potential tummy tuck complications. You will be asked to sign consent forms to ensure that you fully understand the procedure you will undergo and any risks or potential complications.

Possible abdominoplasty risks include:Unfavorable scarring Bleeding (hematoma) Infection Fluid accumulation Poor wound healing Skin loss Blood clots Numbness or other changes in skin sensation Anesthesia risks

CONITNUED

Abdominoplasty


Skin discoloration and/or prolonged swelling Fatty tissue found deep in the skin might die (fat necrosis) Major wound separation Asymmetry Recurrent looseness of skin Pain, which may persist Deep vein thrombosis, cardiac and pulmonary complications Persistent swelling in the legs Nerve damage Possibility of revisional surgery Suboptimal aesthetic result

You’ll need helpIf your abdominoplasty is performed on an outpatient basis, be sure to arrange for someone to drive you to and from surgery and to stay with you for at least the first night following surgery.

END OF TOPIC

Abdominoplasty


Tummy tuck procedure steps

What happens during tummy tuck surgery?

Step 1 – AnesthesiaMedications are administered for your comfort during abdominoplastysurgery. The choices include intravenous sedation and general anesthesia. Your doctor will recommend the best choice for you.

Step 2 – The incisionA full tummy tuck procedure requires a horizontally‐oriented incision in the area between the pubic hairline and navel. The shape and length of the incision will be determined by the degree of correction necessary.Through this incision, weakened abdominal muscles are repaired and sutured while excess fat, tissue and skin is removed.A second incision around the navel may be necessary to remove excess skin in the upper abdomen.

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Abdominoplasty


Step 3 – Closing the incisionsSutures, skin adhesives, tapes or clips close the skin incisions.

Step 4 – See the resultsYour abdominoplasty procedure will result in a flatter, firmer abdominal contour that is more proportionate with your body type and weight.The final results may be initially obscured by swelling and your inability to stand fully upright until internal healing is complete.Within a week or two, you should be standing tall and confident about your new slimmer profile.

END OF TOPIC

Abdominoplasty


Tummy tuck recovery

Following your surgery, dressings or bandages may be applied to your incisions, and you may be wrapped in an elastic bandage or a compression garment to minimize swelling and to support your abdomen as it heals.A small, thin tube may be temporarily placed under the skin to drain any excess blood or fluid that may collect to minimize swelling after tummy tuck surgery.

You will be given specific instructions to aid your recovery from tummy tuck surgery: How to care for the surgical site and drains, medications to apply or take orally to aid healing and reduce the potential for infection, specific concerns to look for at the surgical site or in your general health, and when to follow‐up with your plastic surgeon.Be sure to ask your plastic surgeon specific questions about what you can expect during your individual abdominoplasty recovery period.Where will I be taken after my surgery is complete? What medication will I be given or prescribed after surgery? Will I have dressings/bandages after surgery? When will they be removed?Are stitches removed? When? When can I resume normal activity and exercise? When do I return for follow‐up care?Previous abdominal surgery may limit the potential results of a tummy tuck. In women who have undergone cesarean section, the existing scars may often be incorporated into the new scar.

Abdominoplasty


How much does a tummy tuck cost?

Cost is always a consideration in elective surgery. Tummy tuck costs can vary widely. A surgeon’s cost for a tummy tuck may vary based on his or her experience, the type of procedure used, as well as geographic office location.Many plastic surgeons offer financing plans to help patients cover the cost of abdominoplasty surgery, so be sure to ask.

The price of tummy tuck surgery may include:Surgeon’s fee Hospital or surgical facility costs Anesthesia fees Prescriptions for medication Post‐surgery garments, and Medical tests

Your satisfaction involves more than a feeWhen choosing a plastic surgeon for a tummy tuck, remember that the surgeon’s experience and your comfort with him or her are just as important as the final cost of the surgery.

Abdominoplasty


Tummy tuck words to know

Abdominoplasty: A surgical procedure to correct the apron of excess skin hanging over your abdomen. Diastasis: Condition in which abdominal muscles have separated. General anesthesia: Drugs and/or gases used during an operation to relieve pain and alter consciousness. Hematoma: Blood pooling beneath the skin. Intravenous sedation: Sedatives administered by injection into a vein to help you relax. Liposuction: Also called lipoplasty or suction lipectomy, this procedure vacuums out fat from beneath the skin’s surface to reduce fullness. Local anesthesia: A drug is injected directly to the site of an incision during an operation to relieve pain. Sutures: Stitches used by surgeons to hold skin and tissue together. Tummy tuck: A surgical procedure to correct the apron of excess skin hanging over your abdomen.

Abdominoplasty


Questions to ask your plastic surgeon

Use this checklist of tummy tuck questions during your consultation.1. Are you certified by the American Board of Plastic Surgery? 2. Were you specifically trained in the field of plastic surgery? 3. How many years of plastic surgery training have you had? 4. Do you have hospital privileges to perform this procedure? If so, at

which hospitals?5. Is the office‐based surgical facility accredited by a nationally‐ or state‐

recognized accrediting agency, or is it state‐licensed or Medicare‐certified?

6. Am I a good candidate for this procedure? 7. What will be expected of me to get the best results? 8. Where and how will you perform my procedure? 9. What surgical technique is recommended for me? 10. How long of a recovery period can I expect, and what kind of help will I

need during my recovery? 11. What are the risks and complications associated with my procedure? 12. How are complications handled? 13. How can I expect my stomach to look over time? After pregnancy?14. What are my options if I am dissatisfied with the cosmetic outcome of

my tummy tuck? 15. Do you have before‐and‐after photos I can look at for this procedure

and what results are reasonable for me?

What is breast augmentation surgery?

Also known as augmentation mammaplasty, breast augmentation surgery involves using implants to fulfill your desire for fuller breasts or to restore breast volume lost after weight reduction or pregnancy.

Augmentation Mammaplasty

Inside

Breast augmentation before and afterPreparing for breast augmentation surgeryBreast implant risks and safety informationImportant facts about breast augmentation risks and complicationsBreast augmentation procedure stepsBreast augmentation recoveryBreast augmentation resultsBreast augmentation costsAugmentation mammaplasty words to knowQuestions to ask your breast augmentation surgeon

CONTENTS

BREAST AUGMENTATION TOPICS CONTENTSNEXTBACK

Breast augmentation before and after

If you are dissatisfied with your breast size, breast augmentation surgery (either breast enhancement or breast enlargement) is a choice to consider. Breast augmentation can:Increase fullness and projection of your breastsImprove the balance of your figureEnhance your self‐image and self‐confidenceAlso known as augmentation mammaplasty, the procedure involves using implants to fulfill your desire for fuller breasts or to restore breast volume lost after weight reduction or pregnancy.Implants also may be used to reconstruct a breast after mastectomy or injury.

What it won't doBreast augmentation does not correct severely drooping breasts. If you want your breasts to look fuller and to be lifted due to sagging, a breast lift may be required in conjunction with breast augmentation.Breast lifting can often be done at the same time as your augmentation or may require a separate operation. Your plastic surgeon will assist you in making this decision.

CONTINUED



Is it right for me?Breast augmentation is a highly individualized procedure and you should do it for yourself, not to fulfill someone else's desires or to try to fit any sort of ideal image. Pictures of breast augmentation procedures performed by ASPS Member Surgeons may help you in the decision‐making process.Breast augmentation may be a good option for you if:You are physically healthyYou have realistic expectationsYour breasts are fully developedYou are bothered by the feeling that your breasts are too smallYou are dissatisfied with your breasts losing shape and volume after pregnancy, weight loss, or with agingYour breasts vary in size or shapeOne or both breasts failed to develop normally

END OF TOPIC



Preparing for breast augmentation surgeryAfter researching the basics about breast enhancement or breast enlargement, many patients want to know what to expect before breast augmentation surgery.

Prior to breast surgery, your ASPS Member Surgeon may ask you to:Get lab testing or a medical evaluation. Take certain medications or adjust your current medications. Get a baseline mammogram before surgery and another one after surgery to help detect any future changes in your breast tissueStop smoking well in advance of your breast augmentation surgery. Avoid taking aspirin, anti‐inflammatory drugs and herbal supplements as they can increase bleeding.

Special instructions you receive will cover:What to do on the day of surgeryPost‐operative care and follow‐upBreast implant registry documents (when necessary)Your plastic surgeon will also discuss where your procedure will be performed.

Breast augmentation surgery may be performed in an accredited office‐based surgical center, outpatient ambulatory surgical center or a hospital.

You'll need helpIf your breast augmentation is performed on an outpatient basis, be sure to arrange for someone to drive you to and from surgery and to stay with you for at least the first night following surgery.



Breast implant risks and safety information

The success and safety of your breast augmentation procedure depends very much on your being completely candid during your consultation. By being actively involved your consultation about breast augmentation, problems, concerns and questions you may have can be addressed by your ASPS Member Surgeon. You'll be asked a number of questions about your health, desires and lifestyle.

Be prepared to discuss:Why you want breast augmentation surgery, your expectations and desired outcomeMedical conditions, drug allergies and medical treatmentsUse of current medications, vitamins, herbal supplements, alcohol, tobacco and drugsPrevious surgeriesFamily history of breast cancer and results of any mammograms or previous biopsies

Your surgeon may also:Evaluate your general health status and any pre‐existing health conditions or risk factorsExamine your breasts, and may take detailed measurements of their size and shape, skin quality, placement of your nipplesTake photographs for your medical recordDiscuss your options and recommend a course of treatmentDiscuss likely outcomes of breast augmentation surgery and any risks or potential complicationsDiscuss the use of anesthesia during your breast augmentation procedure



Important facts about breast augmentation risks and complications

The decision to have breast augmentation surgery is extremely personal and you’ll have to decide if the benefits will achieve your goals and if the risks of breast implant safety and potential complications are acceptable.Your plastic surgeon and/or staff will explain in detail the risks associated with surgery. You will be asked to sign consent forms to ensure that you fully understand the procedure you will undergo and any risks or potential complications.

The risks of breast implants and complications after breast augmentation include:Unfavorable scarringBleeding (hematoma)InfectionPoor healing of incisionsChanges in nipple or breast sensation, may be temporary or permanentCapsular contracture, which is the formation of firm scar tissue around the implant

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Implant leakage or ruptureWrinkling of the skin over the implantAnesthesia risksFluid accumulationBlood clotsPain, which may persistDeep vein thrombosis, cardiac and pulmonary complicationsPossibility of revisional surgery

Although there potentially may be complications with breast implants, they do not impair breast health. Careful review of scientific research conducted by independent groups such as the Institute of Medicine has found no proven link between breast implants and autoimmune or other systemic diseases.

Other important considerations:Breast implants are not guaranteed to last a lifetime and future surgery may be required to replace one or both implants.Pregnancy, weight loss and menopause may influence the appearance of augmented breasts over the course of your lifetime.

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Breast augmentation procedure steps

What happens during breast augmentation surgery?

Step 1 ‐ AnesthesiaMedications are administered for your comfort during breast augmentation surgery. The choices include intravenous sedation and general anesthesia. Your doctor will recommend the best choice for you.

Step 2 ‐ The incisionIncisions are made in inconspicuous areas to minimize visible scarring. You and your plastic surgeon will discuss which incision options are appropriate for your desired outcome. Incision options include:Inframammary incisionTransaxillary incisionPeriareolar incisionIncisions vary based on the type of implant, degree of enlargement desired, your particular anatomy, and patient‐surgeon preference.

Step 3 ‐ Implant choice: Silicone breast implants or saline breast implants?Breast size and shape are important, so be honest and open about your expectations when talking with your surgeon.Implant type and size will be determined not just on your desired increase in size but more importantly on your breast anatomy, skin elasticity and body type.

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Saline breast implants are filled with sterile salt water. They can be filled with varying amounts of saline which can affect the shape, firmness and feel of the breast. Should the implant shell leak, a saline breast implant will collapse and the saline will be absorbed and naturally expelled by the body.

Silicone breast implants are filled with an elastic gel. The gel feels and moves much like natural breast tissue. If the implant leaks, the gel may remain within the implant shell, or may escape into the breast implant pocket.A leaking implant filled with silicone gel may not collapse. If you choose these implants, you may need to visit your plastic surgeon regularly to make sure the implants are functioning properly. An ultrasound or MRI screening can assess the condition of breast implants.Implant manufacturers occasionally introduce new styles and types of implants, so there may be additional options available.Currently Saline breast implants are FDA‐approved for augmentation in women 18 years of age and older.Currently Silicone breast implants are FDA‐approved for augmentation in women 22 years of age and older.Saline or silicone implants may be recommended at a younger age if used for reconstruction purposes.

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Step 4 ‐ Inserting and placing the breast implantAfter the incision is made, a breast implant is inserted into a pocket either:Under the pectoral muscle (a submuscular placement), orDirectly behind the breast tissue, over the pectoral muscle (a submammary/ subglandular placement)The method for inserting and positioning implants depends on the type of implant, degree of enlargement desired, your body type, and your surgeon’s recommendations.

Step 5 ‐ Closing the incisionsIncisions are closed with layered sutures in the breast tissue and with sutures, skin adhesive or surgical tape to close the skin. Over time the incision lines will fade.

Step 6 ‐ See the resultsThe results of breast augmentation surgery are immediately visible. Over time, post‐surgical swelling will resolve and incision lines will fade. Satisfaction with your new image should continue to grow as you recover and realize the fulfillment of your goal for fuller breasts.

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Breast augmentation recovery

Many patients have questions about breast augmentation and recovery.Although many factors are involved with determining your actual recovery time for breast augmentation, you will likely experience a post‐surgical recovery period of 24 to 48 hours and an additional reduced‐activity period of a few days, you will likely experience soreness and swelling for a few weeks.Exercise and normal activity can resume at the direction of your plastic surgeon. Over time, post‐surgical swelling will decrease and incision lines will fade.

You will be given specific instructions that may include: How to care for your breasts following breast augmentation surgery, medications to apply or take orally to aid healing and reduce the risk of infection, and when to follow‐up with your plastic surgeon.Be sure to ask your plastic surgeon specific questions about what you can expect during your individual recovery period.Where will I be taken after my surgery is complete?What medication will I be given or prescribed after surgery?Will I have dressings/bandages after surgery? When will they be removed?Are stitches removed? When?When can I resume normal activity and exercise?When do I return for follow‐up care?

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When you go homeIf you experience shortness of breath, chest pains, or unusual heart beats, seek medical attention immediately. Should any of these complications occur after breast augmentation, you may require hospitalization and additional treatment.The practice of medicine and surgery is not an exact science. Although good results are expected, there is no guarantee. In some situations, it may not be possible to achieve optimal results with a single surgical procedure and another surgery may be necessary.

Be carefulFollowing your physician’s instructions is key to the success of your surgery. It is important that the surgical incisions are not subjected to excessive force, abrasion, or motion during the time of healing. Your doctor will give you specific instructions on how to care for yourself.

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Breast augmentation results

The results of your breast augmentation surgery will be long‐lasting. You will find it easier to wear certain styles of clothing and swim wear. Like many women who have had breast augmentation, you may also have a boost in self confidence.

Implants may need to be replaced or revisedIt's important to know that after receiving breast implants, results are not permanent and they may require replacement during your lifetime. You should expect to have future visits with your plastic surgeon to discuss changes in your breasts.Over time, your breasts can change due to aging, weight fluctuations, hormonal factors and gravity. If, after a period of years, you become dissatisfied with the appearance of your breasts, you may choose to undergo a breast lift or implant exchange to restore a more youthful contour.Continue to follow your plastic surgeon's instructions to ensure the best results for breast enlargement or breast enhancement, and attend follow‐up visits as scheduled.



Breast augmentation costsAs an elective surgery, the cost of breast augmentation is a consideration for many patients. A surgeon's cost for breast augmentation may vary based on his or her experience, the type and cost of breast implants used, as well as geographic office location.Many plastic surgeons offer patient financing plans, so be sure to ask.

Cost may include:Surgeon’s feeHospital or surgical facility costsAnesthesia feesBreast implant costPrescriptions for medicationPost‐surgery garmentsMedical tests

Most health insurance plans will not cover cosmetic breast augmentation costs, related complications or another surgery to revise the appearance of your breasts. Some carriers even exclude breast diseases in patients who have breast implants. You must carefully review your health insurance policy.

Your satisfaction involves more than a feeWhen choosing a plastic surgeon for breast enlargement or breast enhancement, remember that the surgeon’s experience with breast implants and your comfort with him or her are just as important as the final cost of the surgery.



Augmentation mammaplasty words to know

Areola: Pigmented skin surrounding the nipple.Augmentation mammaplasty: Breast enlargement or breast enhancement by surgery.Breast Augmentation: Also known as augmentation mammaplasty; breast enlargement or breast enhancement by surgery.Breast Implants:Medical devices placed in your body to enhance an existing breast size or to reconstruct your breast. Breast implants fall into two categories: saline breast implants and silicone breast implants.Capsular contracture: A complication of breast implant surgery which occurs when scar tissue that normally forms around the implant tightens and squeezes the implant and becomes firm.General anesthesia: Drugs and/or gases used during an operation to relieve pain and alter consciousness.Hematoma: Blood pooling beneath the skin.Inframammary incision: An incision made in the fold under the breast.Intravenous sedation: Sedatives administered by injection into a vein to help you relax.Local anesthesia: A drug injected directly to the site of an incision during an operation to relieve pain.

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Mammogram: An x‐ray image of the breast.Mastectomy: The removal of breast tissue, typically to rid the body of cancer.MRI:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; a painless test to view tissue similar to an x‐ray.Periareolar incision: An incision made at the edge of the areola.Saline implants: Breast implants filled with salt water.Silicone implants: Breast implants filled with an elastic gel.Submammary or subglandular placement: Breast implants placed directly behind the breast tissue, over the pectoral muscle.Submuscular or subpectoral placement: Breast implants placed under the pectoral muscle, which is located between the breast tissue and chest wall.Sutures: Stitches used by surgeons to hold skin and tissue together.Transaxillary incision: An incision made in the underarm area.Ultrasound: A diagnostic procedure that projects high frequency sound waves into the body and records the echoes as pictures.

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Questions to ask your breast augmentation surgeon

It is important to be an active participant in the process, so we've developed the following list of questions to ask about breast augmentation during your consultation:

1. Are you certified by the American Board of Plastic Surgery?2. Were you trained specifically in the field of plastic surgery?3. How many years of plastic surgery training have you had?4. Do you have hospital privileges to perform this procedure? If so, at which

hospitals?5. Is the office‐based surgical facility accredited by a nationally‐or state‐

recognized accrediting agency, or is it state‐licensed or Medicare‐certified?6. Am I a good candidate for breast enhancement or breast enlargement?7. What will be expected of me to get the best results?8. Where and how will you perform my breast augmentation surgery?9. What shape, size, surface texturing, incision site and placement site are

recommended for me?10. How long of a recovery period can I expect, and what kind of help will I need

during my recovery?11. What are the risks and complications associated with my procedure?12. How are complications handled?

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13. How many additional implant‐related operations can I expect over my lifetime?

14. How will my ability to breastfeed be affected?15. How can I expect my implanted breasts to look over time? After pregnancy?

After breastfeeding?16. What are my options if I am dissatisfied with the cosmetic outcome of my

implanted breasts?17. How will my breasts look if I choose to have the implants removed in the

future without replacement?18. Do you have breast augmentation before‐and‐after photos I can look at for

this procedure and what results are reasonable for me?

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What is breast lift surgery?

Commonly referred to as a breast lift or boob lift, mastopexy surgery raises and firms the breasts by removing excess skin and tightening the surrounding tissue to reshape and support the new breast contour.

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What to expect during your breast lift consultationPreparing for breast lift surgeryBreast lift risks and safety informationBreast lift procedure stepsBreast lift recoveryBreast lift results will be long‐lastingHow much will breast lift cost?Mastopexy words to knowQuestions to ask your breast lift surgeon

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What to expect during your breast lift consultation

The success and safety of your breast lift procedure depends very much on your complete candidness during your consultation. You’ll be asked a number of questions about your health, desires and lifestyle.

Be prepared to discuss:Why you want the surgery, your expectations and desired outcomeMedical conditions, drug allergies and medical treatmentsUse of current medications, vitamins, herbal supplements, alcohol, tobacco and drugsPrevious surgeriesFamily history of breast cancer and results of any mammograms or previous biopsies

Your mastopexy surgeon may also:Evaluate your general health status and any pre‐existing health conditions or risk factorsExamine your breasts, and may take detailed measurements of their size and shape, skin quality, placement of your nipples and areolasTake photographs for your medical recordDiscuss your options and recommend a course of treatmentDiscuss likely outcomes of breast lift surgery and any risks or potential complicationsDiscuss the use of anesthesia during your breast lift

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Preparing for breast lift surgery

Before mastopexy surgery, you may be asked to:Get lab testing or a medical evaluationTake certain medications or adjust your current medicationsGet a baseline mammogram before surgery and another one after surgery to help detect any future changes in your breast tissueStop smoking well in advance of surgeryAvoid taking aspirin, anti‐inflammatory drugs and herbal supplements as they can increase bleeding

Special instructions you receive will cover:What to do on the day of surgeryPost‐operative care and follow‐upYour plastic surgeon will also discuss where your procedure will be performed.

Breast lift surgery may be performed in an accredited office‐based surgical center, outpatient / ambulatory surgical center, or a hospital.

You’ll need helpIf your breast lift is performed on an outpatient basis, be sure to arrange for someone to drive you to and from surgery and to stay with you for at least the first night following surgery.

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Breast lift risks and safety information

The decision to have surgery is extremely personal and you'll have to decide if the benefits will achieve your goals and if breast lift risks and potential complications are acceptable.Your plastic surgeon and/or staff will explain in detail the risks associated with surgery. You will be asked to sign consent forms to ensure that you fully understand the procedure you will undergo and any risks or potential complications.

The risks include:An unfavorable breast lift scarBleeding (hematoma)InfectionPoor healing of incisionsChanges in nipple or breast sensation, which may be temporary or permanentAnesthesia risksBreast contour and shape irregularitiesSkin discoloration, permanent pigmentation changes, swelling and bruisingDamage to deeper structures ‐ such as nerves, blood vessels, muscles, and lungs ‐ can occur and may be temporary or permanentAllergies to tape, suture materials and glues, blood products, topical preparations or injected agents

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Breast asymmetryFatty tissue deep in the skin could die (fat necrosis)Fluid accumulationExcessive firmness of the breastPotential partial or total loss of nipple and areolaDeep vein thrombosis, cardiac and pulmonary complicationsBlood clotsPain, which may persistPossibility of revisional surgery

You should know that:Breast lift surgery can interfere with diagnostic proceduresBreast and nipple piercing can cause an infectionBreast lift surgery does not normally interfere with pregnancy, but if you are planning to have a baby, your breast skin may stretch and offset the results of mastopexy and you may have more difficulty breastfeeding after this operation

Where will my surgery be performed?A breast lift procedure may be performed in your plastic surgeon's accredited office‐based surgical facility, an ambulatory surgical facility or a hospital. Your plastic surgeon and the assisting staff will fully attend to your comfort and safety.

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When you go home

If you experience shortness of breath, chest pains, or unusual heart beats, seek medical attention immediately. Should any of these complications occur, you may require hospitalization and additional treatment.The practice of medicine and surgery is not an exact science. Although good results are expected, there is no guarantee. In some situations, it may not be possible to achieve optimal results with a single surgical procedure and another surgery may be necessary.

Be carefulFollowing your physician's instructions is key to the success of your surgery. It is important that the surgical incisions are not subjected to excessive force, abrasion, or motion during the time of healing to minimize the chances of breast lift scarring. Your doctor will give you specific instructions on how to care for yourself.

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Breast lift procedure steps

What happens during breast lift surgery? Your mastopexy surgery can be achieved through a variety of incision patterns and techniques. The appropriate technique for you will be determined based on:Breast size and shapeThe size and position of your areolasThe degree of breast saggingSkin quality and elasticity as well as the amount of extra skin

Step 1 ‐ AnesthesiaMedications are administered for your comfort during breast lift surgery. The choices include intravenous sedation and general anesthesia. Your doctor will recommend the best choice for you.

Step 2 ‐ The incisionThere are three common incision patterns:Around the areolaAround the areola and vertically down from the areola to the breast creaseAround the areola, vertically down from the breast crease and horizontally along the breast crease

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Step 3 ‐ Reshaping your breastsAfter your doctor makes the incisions:The underlying breast tissue is lifted and reshaped to improve breast contour and firmness.The nipple and areola are repositioned to a natural, more youthful height.If necessary, enlarged areolas are reduced by excising skin at the perimeter.Excess breast skin is removed to compensate for a loss of elasticity.

Step 4 ‐ Closing the incisionsAfter your breasts are reshaped and excess skin is removed, the remaining skin is tightened as the incisions are closed.Some incision lines resulting from breast lifts are concealed in the natural breast contours; however, others are visible on the breast surface. Incision lines are permanent, but in most cases will fade and significantly improve over time.Sutures are layered deep within the breast tissue to create and support the newly shaped breasts. Sutures, skin adhesives and/or surgical tape may be used to close the skin.

Step 5 ‐ See the resultsThe results of your breast lift surgery are immediately visible. Over time, post‐surgical swelling will resolve and incision lines will fade.Satisfaction with your new image should continue to grow as you recover and realize the fulfillment of your goal for breasts which have been restored to a more youthful and uplifted position.

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Breast lift recovery

After your breast lift procedure is completed, dressings or bandages will be applied to the incisions. You’ll need to wear an elastic bandage or support bra to minimize swelling and support your breasts as they heal.A small, thin tube may be temporarily placed under the skin to drain any excess blood or fluid that may collect after breast lift surgery.

You will be given specific instructions that may include: How to care for your breasts following surgery, medications to apply or take orally to aid healing and reduce the risk of infection, and when to follow‐up with your plastic surgeon.Be sure to ask your plastic surgeon specific questions about what you can expect during your individual mastopexy recovery period.

Where will I be taken after my surgery is complete?What medication will I be given or prescribed after surgery?Will I have dressings/bandages after surgery? When will they be removed?Are stitches removed? When?When can I resume normal activity and exercise?When do I return for follow‐up care?

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Breast lift recovery

After your breast lift procedure is completed, dressings or bandages will be applied to the incisions. You’ll need to wear an elastic bandage or support bra to minimize swelling and support your breasts as they heal.A small, thin tube may be temporarily placed under the skin to drain any excess blood or fluid that may collect after breast lift surgery.

You will be given specific instructions that may include: How to care for your breasts following surgery, medications to apply or take orally to aid healing and reduce the risk of infection, and when to follow‐up with your plastic surgeon.Be sure to ask your plastic surgeon specific questions about what you can expect during your individual mastopexy recovery period.

Where will I be taken after my surgery is complete?What medication will I be given or prescribed after surgery?Will I have dressings/bandages after surgery? When will they be removed?Are stitches removed? When?When can I resume normal activity and exercise?When do I return for follow‐up care?

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Breast lift results will be long‐lasting

The final results of your breast lift will appear over the next few months as breast shape and position continue to settle. Incision lines are permanent, but will continue to fade over time.Your mastopexy results will be long‐lasting. Over time, your breasts can continue to change due to aging and gravity. But, you’ll be able to retain your new look longer if you:

Maintain your weightKeep a healthy lifestyle

Special note:While a breast lift does not usually affect breast function, if you are planning to become pregnant, discuss this with your plastic surgeon. Changes that occur in the breasts during pregnancy can minimize or reverse the improvement a breast lift provides. Likewise, plans for significant weight loss should also be discussed.

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How much will a breast lift cost?

Cost is always a consideration in elective surgery. Breast lift prices can vary widely. A surgeon’s cost for breast lift may vary based on his or her experience as well as geographic location.Many plastic surgeons offer patient financing plans, so be sure to ask.

The cost of breast lift surgery may include:Surgeon’s feeHospital or surgical facility costsAnesthesia feesPrescriptions for medicationPost‐surgery garments, andMedical tests

Most health insurance plans will not cover breast lift surgery, related complications or another surgery to revise the appearance of your breasts. You must carefully review your health insurance policy.

Your satisfaction involves more than a feeWhen choosing a plastic surgeon for breast lift surgery, remember that the surgeon’s experience and your comfort with him or her are just as important as the final cost of the surgery.

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Mastopexy words to know

Areola: Pigmented skin surrounding the nipple.Breast augmentation: Also known as augmentation mammaplasty, breast enlargement by surgery.Breast lift: Also known as mastopexy; surgery to lift the breasts.Breast reduction: Also known as reduction mammaplasty, reduction of breast size by surgery.Excision: To remove the skin.General anesthesia: Drugs and/or gases used during an operation to relieve pain and alter consciousness.Hematoma: Blood pooling beneath the skin.Intravenous sedation: Sedatives administered by injection into a vein to help you relax.Local anesthesia: A drug injected directly to the site of an incision during an operation to relieve pain.Mammogram: An x‐ray image of the breast.Mastopexy: Surgery to lift the breasts.Sutures: Stitches used by surgeons to hold skin and tissue together.

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Questions to ask your breast lift surgeon

Use these breast lift questions as a guide during your consultation.1. Are you certified by the American Board of Plastic Surgery?2. Were you trained specifically in the field of plastic surgery?3. How many years of plastic surgery training have you had?4. Do you have hospital privileges to perform this procedure? If so, at which


recognized accrediting agency, or is it state‐licensed or Medicare‐certified?6. Am I a good candidate for this procedure?7. Where and how will you perform my procedure?8. What surgical technique is recommended for me?9. How long of a recovery period can I expect, and what kind of help will I need

during my recovery?10. What are the risks and complications associated with my procedure?11. How are complications handled?12. How will my ability to breastfeed be affected?13. How can I expect my lifted breasts to look over time? After pregnancy? After

breastfeeding? 14. What are my options if I am dissatisfied with the cosmetic outcome of my

lifted breasts?15. Do you have before‐and‐after photos I can look at for this procedure and

what results are reasonable for me?

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