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COS Standard 9. Describe the significance of major battles, events, and consequences of World War II campaigns, including North Africa, Midway, Normandy, Okinawa, the Battle of the Bulge, Iwo Jima, and Yalta and Potsdam Conferences. . - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
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COS STANDARD 9
Describe the significance of major battles, events, and consequences of World War II
campaigns, including North Africa, Midway, Normandy, Okinawa, the Battle of the Bulge,
Iwo Jima, and Yalta and Potsdam Conferences.
LOCATING ON A MAP OR GLOBE THE MAJOR BATTLES OF WORLD WAR II AND THE EXTENT OF THE ALLIED AND AXIS TERRITORIAL EXPANSION
DESCRIBING MILITARY STRATEGIES OF WORLD WAR II, INCLUDING BLITZKRIEG, ISLAND-HOPPING, AND AMPHIBIOUS LANDINGS
EXPLAINING REASONS FOR AND RESULTS OF DROPPING ATOMIC BOMBS ON JAPAN
EXPLAINING EVENTS AND CONSEQUENCES OF WAR CRIMES COMMITTED DURING WORLD WAR II, INCLUDING THE HOLOCAUST, THE BATAAN DEATH MARCH, THE NUREMBERG TRIALS, THE POST-WAR UNIVERSAL DECLARATION OF HUMAN RIGHTS, AND THE GENOCIDE CONVENTION
Chapter 24 and 25
Allies United States Britain France Soviet Union China
Axis Germany Italy Japan
Pearl Harbor Roosevelt’s goal is to help Britain and defeat
the Axis powers. Roosevelt restricts materials to other
countries. Japan gets mad and signs an alliance with the Axis.
July 1941: Roosevelt send Douglas MacArthur to the Philippines to build up defenses.
Japan decides to attack British and Dutch colonies in Southeast Asia, seize the Philippines and attack Pearl Harbor.
Pearl Harbor December 7, 1941 Japan attacks Americans naval base in
Hawaii Sinks and damages 21 ships. Kills 2403 Americans December 8, 1941: America declares war
on Japan December 11, 1941: Germany and Italy
declare war on US. “A date which will live in infamy.”
Pearl Harbor
Pearl Harbor
Pearl Harbor
Pearl Harbor
Pearl Harbor Newspapers
Pearl Harbor
Bataan Death March Chester Nimitz: commander
of the US Navy in the Pacific Douglas MacArthur takes
his badly outnumbered troops and retreat to the Bataan Peninsula.
Roosevelt orders the troops to retreat to Australia.
The Allied defenders will surrender at Bataan Peninsula.
Thousands die on the Bataan Death March to a Japanese prison camp.
Bataan Death March
Bataan Death March
Douglas MacArthur
Midway Japan wants to attack the Midway Islands,
last American base in the North Pacific west of Hawaii.
Lure American destroyers into battle and cut their supply lines to Australia.
Failed: US had a team of code breakers who broke the Japanese code.
Turning point in the Pacific: stopped the Japanese advance into the Pacific.
Midway
North Africa Dwight Eisenhower is the commander of the
troops in North Africa. George Patton led the American forces in
Morocco and captured the city of Casablanca. Battle of Kasserine Pass: 1st time Americans
come in contact with Germans Outnumbered, outmaneuvered; huge loses for
America. Patton is put in command and pushes the Germans
back. May 13, 1943, German forces in North Africa
surrendered.
North Africa
Stalingrad Hitler wants to take the Soviets out of the
war by hurting their economy. Capture oil fields, industries and farmlands
vital to the Soviet Union. Germans tried to capture Stalingrad. Soviets
held their ground. Germans were surrounded and surrendered.
Turning point in Europe: it put the Germans on the defensive.
Italy Eisenhower is the overall commander. Patton and Montgomery is in charge of
the troops on the ground. Germans evacuate Sicily by August 18. Mussolini is arrested by the king of Italy. September 8, 1943 Italy surrendered. Hitler send Germans to seize control of
Italy and put Mussolini back in power. German retreat in May 1944.
Normandy Nicknamed: Operation Overlord, D-Day Planned invasion of France Eisenhower is commander Allies have the element of surprise June 6, 1944 Over 100,000 soldiers sailed to the coast
of France. 23,000 paratroopers were dropped inland.
Stormed the beaches called Utah, Omaha, Gold, Sword, and Juno
Normandy continued Utah Beach: easy, 3 hours and overtook
the beach and moved inland, Germans were weak
Omaha Beach: hard, intense German fire, over time Americans break through the German defenses.
Invasion: successful
Normandy
Normandy
Normandy
Winning back the Pacific Plan to defeat Japan: 2 pronged attack:
Island hopping Invasion to retake Philippines
Island Hopping began in fall of 1943 in Central Pacific with Admiral Nimitz Tarawa Atoll: difficult trip, amptrac Kwajalein Atoll: smoother, Marine captured
island. Mariana Islands: captured by Americans by
August 1944
Island Hopping
Winning back the Pacific continued
MacArthur invaded the Guadalcanal in August 1942.
By 1944, the American troops had captured enough land to surround Rabaul (main Japanese base in the region.)
Japan removed most of the troops from Rabaul.
MacArthur ordered his troops 600 miles past Rabaul and captured a base called Hollandia.
Winning back the Pacific continued MacArthur heads towards
the Philippines. Battle of Leyte Gulf:
kamikazes used for the 1st time, American destroyers left to defend another area, Japanese take advantage of this and attack. The Japanese believed the Americans would return soon and retreated.
Winning the Philippines back took a long time and was hard work. March 1945, MacArthur
finally captures Manila.
Winning back the Pacific continued
Aftermath Normandy After the Allied troops invaded Normandy,
they moved inward. The Allies liberated Paris on August 25. Three weeks later, the Allies were 20
miles from the German border.
Battle of the Bulge Hitler attempts one last time at cutting the
Allied supply lines through Antwerp, Belguim. On December 16, 1944, the Battle of the
Bulge catch the American troops off guard. Still, the Americans won. The Germans
withdrew. The battle gets its name for the way the
German lines bulged outward as they moved west.
The Americans cross the Rhine River and enter Germany.
Bulging Lines
Aftermath Battle of the Bulge
Hitler kills himself. Grand Admiral Karl Doenitz takes over.
He tried to surrender to America and Britain, but still tried to fight the Soviet Union.
Finally, he surrenders on May 7, 1945 May 8, 1945 V-E Day, Victory in Europe
Day.
Iwo Jima America attempts to bomb Japan, but miss
their target. They try to move closer to actually hit their
target: Iwo Jima. February 19, 1945 Americans land in Iwo Jima. 6,800 died before the island was captured. In the Mariana Islands, Curtis LeMay changed
the strategy of dropping napalm bombs. America firebombed 6 major Japanese cities.
Iwo Jima
Road to Japanese Surrender
Japan refuses to surrender. Americans invade Okinawa to prepare for
a fight. On April 1, 1945, American troops land in
Okinawa. By June 22, American troops captured
Okinawa. (12,000 people die) America decides to drop the atomic bomb
on Japan to get them to surrender. (Manhattan Project)
Manhattan Project Nickname of the
project to drop the atomic bomb
Enola Gay The atomic bomb is
dropped on Hiroshima (August 6) and Nagasaki (August 9).
By August 15, 1945, Japan surrendered.
World War II is over.
Enola Gay and kiss