Correct Sentences—p. 332, #1

• Subject

• Verb

• Complete thought

• Common Errors– Fragments– Comma Splices– Run-on Sentences

Fragments—p. 332

• Definition: an incomplete sentence

• Examples:– Because she studied for the test. She did

really well. —#2– Working hard on the final project. Raymond is

hoping for a higher grade. —#3– To do well in school. Students need to acquire

effective study habits. —#3

Correcting Fragments

• Connect to another sentence

• Because she studied for the test, she did really well.

• Working hard on the final project, Raymond is hoping for a higher grade.

• To do well in school, students need to acquire effective study habits.

Comma-Splices

• Definition: two or more sentences joined only by a comma

• Examples:– The exam was challenging, several people did

well.– The last time our city hosted the event, the

weather was terrible, this weekend is supposed to be very nice.

Correcting Comma-Splices

• Use a period and capital letter to form two sentences. (sentence. sentence)

• Use a comma and a coordinating conjunction. (sentence, link sentence)

• Use subordination. (fragment, sentence OR sentence, fragment)

• Use a semicolon if the sentences are closely related. (sentence; link sentence)

• The exam was challenging. Several people did well.

• The exam was challenging, but several people did well.

• Though the exam was challenging, several people did well.

• Several people did well even though the exam was challenging.

• The exam was challenging; however, several people did well.

Run-on Sentences

• Definition: two or more sentences joined with no punctuation

• Examples: – The exam was challenging several people did

well.– The last time our city hosted the event, the

weather was terrible this weekend is supposed to be very nice.

Correcting Run-on Sentences

• Use a period and capital letter to form two sentences. (sentence. sentence)

• Use a comma and a coordinating conjunction. (sentence, link sentence)

• Use subordination. (fragment, sentence OR sentence, fragment)

• Use a semicolon if the sentences are closely related. (sentence; link sentence)

• The exam was challenging. Several people did well.

• The exam was challenging, but several people did well.

• Though the exam was challenging, several people did well.

• Several people did well even though the exam was challenging.

• The exam was challenging; however, several people did well.

Pronouns

• Definition: words that replace nouns

• Luis brought $20.00 to pay for a ticket.

• He brought $20.00 to pay for a ticket.

• Each person brought $20.00 to pay for a ticket.

• Everyone brought $20.00 to pay for a ticket.

Indefinite Pronouns—p. 335

• Definition: pronouns that refer to nonspecific persons or things

• Did anyone bring $20.00 to pay for a ticket?

• Many of the students brought $20.00 to pay for their tickets.

• All of the students brought $20.00.

• All of the money is here.

Pronoun-Antecedent Agreement Errors—pp. 325-36

• Luis brought their $20.00 for a ticket.

• Luis brought his $20.00 for a ticket.

• Everyone brought their $20.00 for a ticket.

• Everyone brought his or her $20.00 for a ticket.

• Only a few of the boys in the class brought his $20.00 for a ticket.

• Only a few of the boys in the class brought their $20.00 for a ticket.

• All of the students brought his or her $20.00.

• All of the students brought their $20.00.

Subject-Verb Agreement—p. 334-35• A welder welds.

– Singular subject, singular verb

• Welders weld.– Plural subject, plural verb

Subject-Verb Agreement Errors

• A welder weld.• Welders welds.• We will run short if neither bring $20.00.• We will run short if neither brings $20.00.• The money that the students brought for tickets

are here. • The money that the students brought for tickets

is here.

Appendix A.5: Use Transitions

• Transitions—words or phrases that serve as links between sentence parts, whole sentences, or paragraphs

• Purpose: to clarify the direction of your train of thought

Example

• Wilson Brothers Plumbing submitted a bid of $10,000 for the project. We hired the company to install new pipes.

• Wilson Brothers Plumbing submitted a bid of $10,000 for the project. Therefore, we hired the company to install new pipes.

• Wilson Brothers Plumbing submitted a bid of $10,000 for the project. Nevertheless, we hired the company to install new pipes.

Types of Transitions (Conjunctive Adverbs)

• Additional Information

• Exemplification

• Explanation

• Similarity

• Contrast

• Cause and Effect

• Emphasis

• Summary

• Oswald studied late last night for his big test. ____________, he did not do well.

• Competition within the telecommunications industry has become very competitive. ____________, the company has responded with a new product line.

Punctuating Transitions Between Sentences

• This is a major obstacle to continued growth and product development. It is the single biggest problem facing the company.

• This is a major obstacle to continued growth and product development, in fact, it is the single biggest problem facing the company.

• This is a major obstacle to continued growth and product development. In fact, it is the single biggest problem facing the company.

• This is a major obstacle to continued growth and product development; in fact, it is the single biggest problem facing the company.

Coordinating Conjunctions

• And • But• Or• Nor

• For• So• Yet

Punctuating Between Sentences

with Coordinating Conjunctions• We have been covering letters in class this

week, but your letter is not due until next week.

• You may resubmit your assignments for a higher grade, or you may choose to keep the first grade you earn.