Corporate Design PowerPoint-Templates Conference_09-07_V_1a.pdfSystem Enhancement & Interconnections: Higher Voltage Levels New Transmission Technologies Renewable Energies Example

1 09-2007 Power Transmission and DistributionPTD H 1 MT/Re Power Transmission and Distribution

Prospects of FACTS Technologies for Power Transmission Enhancement

1 09-2007

200720072007

Karl UeckerDietmar RetzmannJuergen Lottes Dietmar Saubach

PTD H 1 MT/Re

2 09-2007 Power Transmission and DistributionPTD H 1 MT/Re

Electrical Energy is the Backbone of our Society …

… today and in Future



Power System Development: The Key-Issue –How to avoid Bottlenecks

PrivatisationGlobalisation/Liberalisation

Deregulation - Privatization: Opening of the Markets, Independent Transmission Companies ITCs, Regional Transmission Organisations RTOs

Problem of uncontrolled Loop FlowsOverloading & Excess of allowed SCC* LevelsSystem Instabilities & Outages

System Enhancement & Interconnections:Higher Voltage Levels **New Transmission TechnologiesRenewable Energies

** Example UCTE: 400 kV is in fact too low** Example UCTE: 400 kV is in fact too low

* SCC = Short-Circuit Current

for CO2 Reduction

PrivatisationBottlenecks inTransmission

Investments inPower Systems


Elimination of Bottlenecks in Transmission -Prevention of Overloads and Outages

Load Displacement by Series Compensation

Load Management by HVDC

Short-Circuit Current Limitation for Connection of new Power Plants

SVC & HVDC for Prevention of Voltage Collapse

* PTDF = Power Transfer Distribution Factor

The FACTS & HVDC “Application Guide”

*


VL

V1V2

δ

PPVV11

XXG ~ G ~

,, δ1II

VV22,, δ2

where VV11 = VV22 , δ = δ1 - δ2

V V 22

XXPP == sinsin δ

VC

without Compensation

-- XXCC

Series Compensation

BenefitsReduction in Transmission AngleIncrease in Transmission Capacity

XXCC

1st Step: Influence of Series Compensation

V1 V2

δ

with Compensation


2nd Step: Improvement in Voltage Profile with SVC

230 kV - 300 km

V1

Grid

with SVC

a) b) c) d)1.2

1.1

1.0

0.9

0.8

V2

V2N

The maximal Voltage ControlRange depends on:

a) Heavy Load

b) Light Load

c) Outage of 1 Line(at full Load)

d) Load Rejectionat Bus 2

System Conditions:

SVC

V2

Load

(var. Slope)

QSVC/SCP *

without SVC

* SCP = Short-Circuit Power (System MVA)


Wind Power Generation during a Week of maximum Load in the E.ON Grid – Example of Germany Source: E.ON - 2003

Problems with Wind Power Generationo Wind Generation varies stronglyo It can not follow the Load Requirements

Additional Reserve Capacityis required

This will be a big Issue both in the German Grid Development and worldwide


Network: 2001, Weak LoadWind Generators: DFIGLines Voltages: 400 kV 220 kVPower Stations:


Germany: Voltage Profile at a 3-phase Fault

Loss of WG

170 MW1,130 MW2,160 MW2,700 MW

≤ 40 %≤ 50 %≤ 60 %≤ 70 %

Voltage

Outage of 2,700 MW Wind Power Generation

Source: E.ON 2002

Voltage Collapse – and a large Blackout

System Configuration

Simulation Results:

1 puVoltage

Voltage Support essential


FACTSFACTSPower Quality

in High Voltage

AC Systems

Flexible AC Transmission Systems

9 Power Transmission and DistributionPTD H 1 MT/Re09-2007


FACTS - Flexible AC Transmission Systems: Support of Power FlowSVC – Static Var Compensator* (The Standard of Shunt Compensation)SVC PLUS (= STATCOM - Static Synchr. Compensator, with VSC) FSC – Fixed Series Compensation TCSC – Thyristor Controlled Series Compensation*TPSC – Thyristor Protected Series Compensation**GPFC – Grid Power Flow Controller* (FACTS-B2B)UPFC – Unified Power Flow Controller (with VSC)

TCSC/TPSC

FSC

ACAC

/ TPSC

/ STATCOMSVC

ACAC

Advanced Power Transmission Systems

GPFC/UPFC

AC AC

/ UPFC

* with LT Thyristors** with special High

Power LT Thyristors

and SCCL **for Short-Circuit Current Limitation


Application of SVC – Pelham, UK

Benefits:o Improvement in Voltage Qualityo Increased Stability

400 kV, 50 Hz

Voltage Control Reactive Power ControlPower Oscillation DampingUnbalance Control (Option)

19912 parallel SVCs

Deregulation caused Transmission Problems

Europe: UK goes ahead withFACTS – 27 SVCs


SVC Bom Jesus da Lapa, Enelpower, Brazil500 kV, +/-250 MVAr – Containerized Solution

2002

Valves & Control

Benefits:o Improvement in Voltage Qualityo Increased Stabilityo Avoidance of Outages


SVC Siems – the 1st HV SVC in Germany

2004

HVDC: Power Increase – from 450 MW to 600 MW

634,000 tons p.a.Reduction in CO2:

by means of the SVCSiems – in Germany,for Baltic Cable HVDC

The Problem: no Right-of-Way for 400 kV ACGrid Access of Baltic Cable HVDC – only 110 kV

HVDC and FACTS in parallel Operation

Very high Requirementsfor Noise Abatement


SVC Radsted – an innovative indoor Solution *


HVDC Storebælt

Customer:SEAS-NVE Holding A/S

System Data:Rating 80 MVAr cap.

65 MVAr ind.Voltage 132 kVConfiguration TCR + FC

12-Pulse

* Extremely high Requirements for Noise Abatement

SVC Radsted


TCR Reactors, Thyristor Valve & Filters

Power Transmission and Distribution15 09-2007 PTD H 1 MT/Re15 09-2007 PTD H 1 MT/Re


Outdoor: Only Switchgear


& Cooling Systems


Benefits of SVC Radsted – Denmark

Power Transmission and Distribution17 09-2007

174,000 tons p.a. – by using Wind Power … and SVC for Voltage Support

Reduction in CO2

PTD H 1 MT/Re

and even more – in Future

2006


Powerlink – Australia, Refurbishment of 10 SVCs for Voltage Support in a Traction Supply Network

Oonooie SVC

Grantleigh SVC

Mining CoalCoal Mining

Coal Hauling

Examples

Security of Transportation Systems


Powerlink – Australia, Refurbishment of 10 SVCs for Voltage Support in a Traction Supply Network

2007

9 SVCs with Advanced 48 hrs containerized Solution1 SVC with Standard Refurbishment Solution

Railway Line

275 kV AC Line132 kV AC Line

Siemens is an Expert in Refurbishment of Valves & Controls


9 QR SVCs – using the Advanced 48 hrs containerized Solution

A unique Solution – for very fast Re-Energization of the existing SVC Components (Transformers, Reactors, Capacitors, Filters etc.


9 QR SVCs – the Advanced 48 hrs containerized Solution

Examples of Cable Crossbonding:Highly important


After 48 hrs – Step 1 finished and all SVC Functions available

Work is done –and the SVC operates properly

Step 2:

4 Weeks for full Refurbishment of Valves, Controls & Protection in the SVC Building

Step 3:

48 hrs for Disconnection of SVC Container and Energization of the fully refurbished QR SVC

Container ready fornext QR SVC Plant

Excellent Workof a great Team


FACTS for Series Compensation – The TalaTCSC Project: Bulk Hydro Power from Bhutan to Delhi Area

Hydro-Power from Purnea to Delhi Area

Safe andClean Energy for Mega-cities

World’s Biggest FACTS Project forSeries Compensation

475 km

2 x FSCs: Increase in Transmission Capacity2 x TCSCs: Power Oscillation Damping

2 x 1.7 GVAr !

2006


TPSCs Vincent & Midway/USA: five Systems at 500 kV –fully proven in Practice, plus two new Projects (El Dorado)

Outdoor Valves on a PlatformLT Thyristors, self-cooled

TPSC Technology:

2000 - 2006

Thyristor Protected Series Compensation


Auto-ReclosureDead-Time

260°C

50°C

TPSCValveTemp.

Thyr. Valve

LineBreaker

5 Cycles Fault-Clearing Time (maximal)

0.6 s after the Fault the Valveis back in Pre-Fault Condition

Time / s 1.1 1.3 1.50.90.70.5

Bypass CB

No Problem !Standard FSC with MOV requires up to 8 hours to cool down

In this Case: SeriesCapacitor not availablefor quite a long Time !

Designed for Valve Currents up to 110 kA peak

Benefits of TPSC: High Availability after Fault Clearing


Bus 1 Bus 2

AC AC

SCCLSCCL

TPSCTPSC + ReactorReactor

A new Idea !SCCL uses TPSC

SCCL – an innovative FACTS Device with TPSC

TThyristor hyristor PProtected rotected SSeries eries CCompensationompensation

Use of proven Technology

Short-Circuit Current Limiter


FACTSFACTSwithwith VSC VSC --

Power Quality for AC Systems

Power Transmission and Distribution

SVCSVC PLUSPLUS

27 PTD H 1 MT/Re09-2007


From Active Filter to SVC PLUS


VSC

VSC

Active Filter for Neptune HVDC: – highest harmonic Performance


SVC PLUS – A View on the Technology


Control System Modular Multilevel Converter Cooling System


The containerized SVC PLUS Solution



SVC PLUS with H-Bridge Modules


Modul #1

Modul #2

Modul #3

Modul #4

Modul #8

Modul #7

Modul #6

Modul #5

Similar Benefits

in Comparison

with HVDC

PLUS


Bottlenecks

Advanced Technologiesand Congestion by use of

Transmission needs …

Elimination of

Conclusions

32 Power Transmission and DistributionPTD H 1 MT/Re09-2007


Recordings from NATAL SVCs / RSA (2 TCR & 3 Filter)

Illovo SVC 1995 1996 1997 1998Availability (%) 99.9 99.45 100 100

Forced and deferred Outages

2 5 2 1

Off-line Maintenance

0h 80h00 102h26 162h00

On-line Maintenance

10h15 2h00 3h00 0

MDT in hrs 2h13 9h40 36h40 1h00

Athene SVC 1995 1996 1997 1998Availability (%) 99.78 99.71 99.92 99.77

Forced and deferred Outages

4 9 1 2

Off-line Maintenance

4h00 81h00 62h00 60h15

On-line Maintenance

1h00 0 0 0

MDT in hrs 4h40 3h20 4h40 10h30

Guaranteed Availability: 98 - 99 %

For Comparison:

Full Power Availability of

Conventional Power Plant93 % *

Wind Farm39 % only *

- same for HVDC– Example of

FACTS:Availability of Power Electronics

close to 100 %

* Sources: BMU 2002, DENA Study 02-24-2005


SeriesFSC

NGH

TPSC

TCSC

2, 2 Tian Guang 2003Kayenta 1992

Serra de Mesa 1999

Imperatriz 1999

Fortaleza 1986••

•

•

Samambaia 2002

•

Virginia Smith 1988

•Welsh 1995

•

Acaray 1981

•••Dürnrohr 1983

Etzenricht 1993Wien Südost 1993

•

Bom Jesus da Lapa 2002

•

Limpio 2003

•

Ibiuna 2002

•3 Vincent 2000

•Jacinto 2000

Funil 2001

2 Pelham, 2 Harker & 2 Central, 1991-1994

•Clapham 1995,Refurbishment

•

Atacama 1999

•

P. Dutra 1997

•Cerro Gordo 1999

•Chinú 1998

•Impala

•2 Adelanto 1995

•

•3 Montagnais 1993

•

2 Kemps Creek 1989

•Brushy Hill 1988

•

•

Campina Grande 2000

2 Zem Zem 1983

•

••

•

•

Rejsby Hede 1997

•Sullivan 1995

•Paul Sweet 1998 •

Inez 1998

•

2 Marcy 2001-2003

Military Highway 2000

•Kanjin (Korea) 2002

•

Lugo 1985

Laredo 2000

•

Spring Valley 1986

••IllovoAthene•

Muldersvlei 1997

•

2 Tecali 20023 Juile 2002

•Barberton 2003•

Maputo 2003

Milagres 1988

• 2 Yangcheng 2000

•2 Hechi 2003

•

•

Eddy County 1992

2 Dominion 2003

2 Cuddapah 20032 Gooty 2003

•

Lamar 2005

2 Midway 2004 Seguin 1998•

1994-1995

Porter 2006Dayton 2006

Nine Mile 2005

ParallelSVC

MSC/R

.

.Moyle MSC 2003Willington 1997

2 Hoya Morena &Jijona 2004

Baish 2005Samitah 2006 .

K.I. North 2004

Kapal 1994

Ghusais,Hamria,Mankhool, Satwa

1997

.

Siems 2004

Cano Limón 1997

• 2006

••

2, 2 Purnea2, 2 Gorakhpur

•

••• Châteauguay 1984

Ahafo 2006•

•

2 Lucknow 2006

•

3 Puti 2005

• Iringa 2006 Shinyanga 2006

3, 2 El Dorado2006

•

Radsted 2006

•

• 2 Sabah 2006

Nebo 2007,Refurbishment

9 Powerlink 2007,Refurbishment

Devers 2006

2 Benejama &Saladas 2006

La Pila 1999

•

•• •• ••

Jember 1994

•Nopala 2007

•

•

Sa o Luiz 2007

Sinop 2007

2 Fengjie 2006•

Status: 09-2007

••

Strathmore 2007

2 x 1.7 GVAr !

… and over 115 Industry SVCs all over the World

5 North-South III, Lot B 2007

•

2 Bellaire & Crosby 2008

••

••

Buzwagi 2007

Prospects of Power Electronics – Example of

Load FlowB2B

PTD H 1 MT/Re

34

In total: over 170 SVCs

••

•

2 Greenbank & Southpine 2008

STATCOMFlicker STATCOM HVDC PLUS

UPFCCSC

Plus 22 Projects for HVDC Long Distance Transmission …

8 alone between 2000 &2005 in 4 Continents12 x VSC


Thank You for your Attention!

Intelligent Solutions for Power Transmission

with with HVDCHVDC & &

FACTSFACTS fromfrom

HVDC HVDC PLUSPLUSandand SVCSVC PLUSPLUS

Now available –with VSC PLUS Technology

SiemensSiemens

… and the Lights will keep shining !


Intelligent Solutions for Power Transmission

SustainabilitySustainability &&

SecuritySecurity

Thank You for your Attention !

ofof

SupplySupply

Documents

Corporate Design PowerPoint-Templates Conference_09-07_V_1a.pdfSystem Enhancement & Interconnections: Higher Voltage Levels ** New Transmission Technologies Renewable Energies ** Example

Corporate Design PowerPoint-Templates Conference_09-07_V_1a.pdfSystem Enhancement & Interconnections: Higher Voltage Levels New Transmission Technologies Renewable Energies Example