Cornell Notes

• Your expectations for note taking is that they are IN your sketchbook.

• You are getting a grade for your notes- if they are not in this format you will be marked down. You are responsible to get the notes from others so that when I do sketchbook checks every couple of weeks you will have them to be graded.

Cornell notes review

• 1. Write in the heading (name, date, class)• 2. Write in the topic: Todays topic is “Elements

of Design”• 3. Write in your notes.• 4. Write in your questions AFTER the notes (on

the left hand side)• 5. Summary portion. (at bottom)

Elements of Design

Essential Question: What are the SEVEN elements of design and how

are they used in art?

1. Line• A line is a mark between two

points. There are various types of lines, from straight to squiggly to curved and more.

• Lines can be used for a wide range of purposes in art but one main purpose is to lead your eye through a work of art.

• This is because it takes movement to create a line!

• How does the line in this piece lead our eye through the work?

Types of lines Line Variation

• Vertical• Horizontal• Zig-zag• Spiraled

• Width- thick, thin, tapering, uneven

• Length - long, short, continuous, broken

• Direction- horizontal, vertical, diagonal, curving, perpendicular, oblique, parallel, radial, zigzag

Contour line• A contour line defines the edges

and surface ridges of an object. (essentially it’s an outline.)

• There are many types of contour drawings- in some you keep your eyes on the subject you are drawing and don’t look away from it to see your paper. You also do not pick up your pencil .

• I want you to take about 3 minutes to do a CONTOUR drawing of your pencil or pen. (You may look at your paper but you must NEVER lift up your pencil and you must try to add some types of detail)

• Blind contour:

Space

• Space refers to the emptiness or area between, around above , below or within an object.

• Space refers to both inner and outer space.• Positive Space: In both 2d and 3d the shapes

or forms are the positive space• Negative space: The empty spaces between

the shapes or forms are negative spaces…

• Which is the positive space?

• Which is the negative?

Depth & Perspective & how they relate to space.

• Depth: This is an illusion created when some objects seem closer than others.

• Perspective: Graphic system that creates the illusion of depth.

Ways to create depth:

1. Overlapping: one object covering part of another object. 2. Size: larger objects appear closer to the viewer.3. Placement: Objects lower on the picture plane seem

closer to the viewer.4. Detail: Clear sharp edges in objects make them look

closer- when objects are further they look more blurred.5. Color: Brightly colored seems closer6. Converging lines: Linear perspective (we will go over this

later.

• What are the details in this piece that show DEPTH?

Color

Overlapping

Lines Converging

Placement

Size

Shape

• A shape is a 2 dimensional area that is defined in some way. (might have an outline or a boundary)

• There are two main types of shapes: Geometric and Free Form.

• All geometric shapes are precise and can be made using mathematic formulas.

Shape• All geometric shapes

are precise and can be made using mathematic formulas.

• Free form shapes are uneven and irregular. Another way to describe free form is “Organic”. This is an easy way to describe shapes of living things

Form

• Forms are shapes that have 3 dimensions. Shapes and forms are related: one side of a cube is a square, the bottom of a cylinder is a circle etc.

• Forms can also be free form or geometric:

Try drawing a CUBE

Value

• Value is how light or dark an area looks: everything from dark to white, all the shades in between, has a value.

• Value creates depth within a picture making an object look three dimensional with highlights and shadows

Value

• We can use different combinations of line to show value like in the piece we see here…

Line Creating Value:

Now draw a new cube…

Add hatching on one side and cross hatching on the other side…

• Add small hatching lines beneath the CROSS HATCHED side, and you have created a 3d form (cube) with VALUE that shows DEPTH in SPACE!

Texture

• Texture relates to the surface of an object; how it feels or how it MIGHT feel if touched.

• Concrete has a rough texture, drywall has a smooth and subtle texture. Using texture in design is a great way to add depth and visual interest.

• Artists can use different sizes, shapes, and colors to create texture.

Texture• You perceive texture with

touch or vision.• Therefore you can either have

simulated or invented texture: • Simulated: imitate real

textures- Plastic that looks like wood, or vinyl that looks like tiles.

• Invented texture are 2 dimensional patterns created by repetition of lines and shapes- they don’t represent real surfaces but they could mimic unusual textures.

Texture

Color

• Color is an element of art derived from reflected light. • It can be used to generate emotions, define

importance, create visual interest and more.• Some colors are warm and active (orange, red,

yellow)• Some colors are cool and passive (blue, purple, green)• Primary: Red, Yellow, Blue• Secondary: Orange, Green, Purple

Color

Color!

Color

• Primary Colors: Red, yellow and blue• In traditional color theory (used in paint and pigments), primary colors are

the 3 pigment colors that can not be mixed or formed by any combination of other colors. All other colors are derived from these 3 hues.

• Secondary Colors: Green, orange and purple• These are the colors formed by mixing the primary colors.

• Tertiary Colors: Yellow-orange, red-orange, red-purple, blue-purple, blue-green & yellow-green. These are the colors formed by mixing a primary and a secondary color. That's why the hue is a two word name, such as blue-green, red-violet, and yellow-orange.

Color Harmony• Harmony can be defined as a pleasing arrangement of parts, whether it be

music, poetry, color, or even an ice cream sundae.

• In visual experiences, harmony is something that is pleasing to the eye. It engages the viewer and it creates an inner sense of order, a balance in the visual experience. When something is not harmonious, it's either boring or chaotic. At one extreme is a visual experience that is so bland that the viewer is not engaged. The human brain will reject under-stimulating information. At the other extreme is a visual experience that is so overdone, so chaotic that the viewer can't stand to look at it. The human brain rejects what it can not organize, what it can not understand. The visual task requires that we present a logical structure. Color harmony delivers visual interest and a sense of order.

• In summary, extreme unity leads to under-stimulation, extreme complexity leads to over-stimulation. Harmony is a dynamic equilibrium.

Analogous colors

• Analogous colors are any three colors which are side by side on a 12 part color wheel, such as yellow-green, yellow, and yellow-orange. Usually one of the three colors predominates.

Complimentary Colors

• Complementary colors are any two colors which are directly opposite each other, such as red and green and red-purple and yellow-green. In the illustration above, there are several variations of yellow-green in the leaves and several variations of red-purple in the orchid. These opposing colors create maximum contrast and maximum stability.