CORINE Land Cover 2006 for Continental PortugalPortugalmapas.dgterritorio.pt/atom-dgt/pdf-cous/CLC2006/... · CORINE Land Cover 2006 for Continental Portugal i Caetano et al., 2009

CORINE Land Cover 2006 for Continental CORINE Land Cover 2006 for Continental CORINE Land Cover 2006 for Continental CORINE Land Cover 2006 for Continental

PortugalPortugalPortugalPortugal

Mário Caetano, Vasco Nunes and António NunesMário Caetano, Vasco Nunes and António NunesMário Caetano, Vasco Nunes and António NunesMário Caetano, Vasco Nunes and António Nunes

July 2009July 2009July 2009July 2009

European Environmental Agency

CORINE Land Cover 2006 for Continental Portugal i

Caetano et al., 2009

This report should be cited asThis report should be cited asThis report should be cited asThis report should be cited as

Caetano, M., V. Nunes and A. Nunes, 2009. CORINE Land Cover 2006 for Continental

Portugal, Technical Report, Instituto Geográfico Português.

CORINE Land Cover 2006 for Continental Portugal iii


AknowledgmentsAknowledgmentsAknowledgmentsAknowledgments

We thank Carlos Sarmento, Miguel Cardoso, Patrícia Pécurto, Pedro Sarmento and Ricardo

Silva for the dedication in their image interpretation work and Maria Pereira for the

revision of this document.

CORINE Land Cover 2006 for Continental Portugal v


AbstractAbstractAbstractAbstract

This document reports the production of three maps for Continental Portugal: CORINE

Land Cover Changes 2000-2006 (CHA06_PT), CORINE Land Cover 2006 (CLC06_PT), and

a revised version of the CORINE Land Cover 2000 (CLC00_PT). These maps were produced

by the Remote Sensing Unit of the Portuguese Geographic Institute, within the Global

Monitoring for Environment and Security Land Fast Track Service Precursor (GMES Land

FTSP) for Continental Portugal. GMES Land FTSP is an initiative created by the European

Environment Agency (EEA) and European Commission (EC), namely with the goal of

updating previous CORINE Land Cover (CLC) mapping initiatives.

A validation protocol was applied to the CLC06_PT map and the estimated overall

accuracy was 90,2%, with an absolute precision of 1,3 at the 95% confidence level. The

results obtained also show that 7,8% of the original CLC2000-PT database was corrected

when producing CLC00_PT, and that 8,6% of the area of Continental Portugal was affected

by land use and land cover changes, in the period from 2000 to 2006. Forest and semi-

natural areas, as well as Agricultural areas, continue to be the dominant land use and land

cover (LULC) types in the territory and the main source of change dynamics.

Keywords: Land use and land cover (LULC), CORINE Land Cover, CLC2006, Portugal

CORINE Land Cover 2006 for Continental Portugal vii


IndexIndexIndexIndex

Abstract ...........................................................................................................................v

Index .............................................................................................................................vii

Table index.................................................................................................................... ix

Figure index................................................................................................................... xi

Acronyms......................................................................................................................xiii

1 Introduction............................................................................................................ 1

2 Production.............................................................................................................. 3

2.1 Production strategy........................................................................................... 3

2.2 Data sources..................................................................................................... 6

2.2.1 Base data .................................................................................................... 6

2.2.2 Ancillary data .............................................................................................. 9

2.3 Development of specific tools to enhance the production process ................... 11

2.4 Production of CHA06_PT ................................................................................. 13

2.5 Revision of the original CLC2000-PT............................................................... 14

2.6 Production of CLC06_PT.................................................................................. 16

2.7 Quality control ................................................................................................ 16

2.8 Metadata......................................................................................................... 16

2.9 Validation of CLC06_PT................................................................................... 17

3 Results and discussion.......................................................................................... 19

3.1 Analysis of LULC change in Continental Portugal in the period 2000-2006...... 19

3.2 Revision of the original CLC2000-PT............................................................... 22

3.3 Validation of the CLC06_PT map ..................................................................... 25

3.4 Analysis of LULC in Continental Portugal in 2006 ............................................ 27

4 Conclusions.......................................................................................................... 31

References .................................................................................................................... 33

Annex 1 Metadata of CHA06_PT .................................................................................... 35

Annex 2 Metadata of CLC00_PT..................................................................................... 51

Annex 3 Metadata of CLC06_PT..................................................................................... 67

CORINE Land Cover 2006 for Continental Portugal ix


Table indexTable indexTable indexTable index

Table 1 - Characteristics of CHA06_PT, CLC00_PT and CLC06_PT.................................... 4

Table 2 – CORINE Land Cover (CLC) nomenclature. .......................................................... 5

Table 3 - General characteristics of the satellite images used as base data. ..................... 7

Table 4 – Detailed characteristics of the satellite images used as base data. .................... 8

Table 5 – Summary of ancillary data characteristics. ........................................................ 9

Table 6 – Technical specifications of the orthorectified digital aerial images. ................. 10

Table 7 – Examples of the tools created by the National Technical Team for the extension

of Interchange 2.0. .................................................................................................. 13

Table 8 – Key-features of the accuracy assessment strategy developed for CLC06_PT.... 17

Table 9 - Areas gained (+) and lost (-) per CLC class between 2000 and 2006 in

Continental Portugal................................................................................................ 20

Table 10 – 2000-2006 land use and land cover change matrix for Continental Portugal

(areas are presented in hectares). ............................................................................ 21

Table 11 - Top-10 level-3 changes in Continental Portugal between 2000 and 2006. ... 22

Table 12 – Area differences per CLC class between the revised and the original CLC2000-

PT databases. .......................................................................................................... 24

Table 13 – Percentage area occupied per mapped land cover class (Nh). Estimates for

percentage area occupied per reference land cover class (Ng), percentage overall

accuracy (P), percentage user’s accuracy (Ph), and percentage producer’s accuracy (Pg).

The absolute precision (d) was estimated at the 95% confidence level. ..................... 26

Table 14 – CLC level-1 class areas in CLC06_PT and CLC00_PT. .................................... 28

Table 15 - CLC level-2 class areas in CLC06_PT and CLC00_PT. .................................... 28

Table 16 - CLC level-3 class areas in CLC06_PT and CLC00_PT. .................................... 29

CORINE Land Cover 2006 for Continental Portugal xi


FiguFiguFiguFigure indexre indexre indexre index

Figure 1 - Methodological approaches for producing CLC-Changes-2000-2006 and

CLC2006 (source: EEA, 2007). ................................................................................... 3

Figure 2 – Landsat ETM+ imagery of the year 2000 (summer). Source: Painho and Caetano

(2006). ...................................................................................................................... 6

Figure 3 - SPOT-4, SPOT-5 and IRS-P6 LISS III imagery for spring and summer of 2006. . 7

Figure 4 - Spring and summer satellite images of irrigated and non-irrigated arable areas.

................................................................................................................................. 9

Figure 5 – Acquisition dates of the orthorectified digital aerial images........................... 10

Figure 6 – Visualization of imagery at different scales. On top: 2006 satellite image.

Below: digital aerial images from the 2004/2005/2006 national coverage. .............. 11

Figure 7 - Software Interchange 2.0. ............................................................................. 12

Figure 8 – Menu and options of the extension developed by the National Technical Team

for Interchange 2.0.................................................................................................. 12

Figure 9 - Working units for the production of the CHA06_PT database......................... 14

Figure 10 - Team of photo-interpreters. ....................................................................... 14

Figure 11 - Examples of corrections made to the original CLC2000-PT. ........................ 15

Figure 12 – CHA06_PT map. .......................................................................................... 19

Figure 13 – CLC00_PT map............................................................................................ 23

Figure 14 - Percentage of corrections made to the original CLC2000-PT database per

NUTSIII. ................................................................................................................... 23

Figure 15 - CLC06_PT map. .......................................................................................... 27

CORINE Land Cover 2006 for Continental Portugal xiii


AcronymsAcronymsAcronymsAcronyms

APA – Agência Portuguesa do Ambiente (Portuguese Environment Agency)

CAOP – Official administrative map of Portugal

CHA06_PT - CORINE Land Cover Changes 2000-2006 for Continental Portugal

CLC – CORINE Land Cover

CLC00_PT - Revised version of the CORINE Land Cover 2000 for Continental Portugal

CLC06_PT - CORINE Land Cover 2006 for Continental Portugal

CLC2000-PT - CORINE Land Cover 2000 for Continental Portugal

CORINE – COoRdination of INformation on the Environment

COS’90 – Land Cover Map of Continental Portugal for 1990

DGRF – Direcção Geral dos Recursos Florestais (General Directorate of Forests)

EC – European Commission

EEA - European Environmental Agency

Eionet - European Environmental Information Observation Network

ETC-LUSI - European Topic Centre for Land Use and Spatial Information

ETRS - European Terrestrial Reference System

GIS – Geographic Information System

GMES Land FTSP - Global Monitoring for Environment and Security Land Fast Track Service

Precursor

IFN – National Forest Inventory

IGP – Instituto Geográfico Português (Portuguese Geographic Institute)

IVV – Instituto da Vinha e do Vinho (Institute of Wine and Vineyard)

LULC – Land Use and Land Cover

MMU – Minimum Mapping Unit

NRC-LUSI - National Reference Centre for Land Use and Spatial Information

NUTS - Nomenclature of Territorial Units for Statistics

OGC - Open Geospatial Consortium

PT - Portugal

WMS - Web Map Service

WU - Working Unit

CORINE Land Cover 2006 for Continental Portugal 1


1111 IntroductionIntroductionIntroductionIntroduction

This document reports the production of two maps: CORINE Land Cover Changes 2000-

2006 (CHA06_PT) and CORINE Land Cover 2006 for Continental Portugal (CLC06_PT).

These are two components of the Global Monitoring for Environment and Security Land

Fast Track Service Precursor (GMES Land FTSP) for Continental Portugal. GMES Land FTSP

is an initiative created by the European Environment Agency (EEA) and European

Commission (EC), namely with the goal of updating previous CORINE Land Cover (CLC)

mapping initiatives (EEA, 2006; EEA, 2007). This report also describes the production of a

revised version of the original CLC2000-PT (CLC00_PT).

GMES Land FTSP for Continental Portugal was funded by the EEA, Portuguese Environment

Agency (APA) and Portuguese Geographic Institute (IGP). The Remote Sensing Unit of IGP,

which is the National Reference Centre for Land Use and Spatial Information (NRC-LUSI) of

the European Environmental Information Observation Network (Eionet), coordinated and

carried out the GMES Land FTSP for Portugal.

The Remote Sensing Unit of IGP was also responsible for the validation of the high-

resolution built-up areas layer for Continental Portugal (reported in Caetano et al.

(2008)). This layer is another component of GMES Land FTSP.

This document is organised in four chapters, including this introduction, a description of

the main topics related with the production of CLC00_PT, CHA06_PT and CLC06_PT, an

analysis of the results obtained, and final conclusions.



2222 ProductionProductionProductionProduction

2.12.12.12.1 ProduProduProduProduction strategyction strategyction strategyction strategy

The strategy designed in the framework of the GMES Land FTSP project considered two

possible methodological approaches for producing CLC-Changes-2000-2006 and

CLC2006: (a) Update first approach and (b) Change mapping first approach. Figure 1

illustrates these two approaches.

a) Update first approach

b) Change mapping first approach

revision of CLC2000

interpretation of CLC2006

GIS based derivation of CLC-Change

revision of CLC2000

interpretation of CLC-Change

GIS based derivation of CLC2006

Figure 1 - Methodological approaches for producing CLC-Changes-2000-2006 and CLC2006 (source: EEA,

2007).

In the Portuguese project the chosen approach was the “change mapping first approach”

(Caetano et al., 2009b), the same as the one applied in the predecessor project, i.e.

CLC2000 for Continental Portugal (Painho and Caetano, 2006). This approach consists in:

i. Computer-assisted visual interpretation of 2000 and 2006 satellite images to

detect real changes visible on the images and delineate change polygons that fulfil

the technical specifications of the product (EEA, 2007);

ii. Revision of the original CLC2000-PT database, simultaneously performed with i.;

iii. Derivation of CLC06_PT based on spatial analysis within a Geographic Information

System (GIS).

The maps reported here, and produced in the framework of the Portuguese GMES Land

FTSP project, are characterised in Table 1.



Table 1 - Characteristics of CHA06_PT, CLC00_PT and CLC06_PT.

CHA06_PT CLC00_PT CLC06_PT

Scale 1: 100 000 1: 100 000 1: 100 000

Minimum Mapping

Unit (MMU) (ha)

5 25* 25*

Minimum distance

between lines (m)

100 100 100

Format Vector Vector Vector

Nomenclature Code 2000; Code 2006 CLC nomenclature CLC nomenclature

Geometric accuracy Better than 100m Better than 100m Better than 100m

Thematic Accuracy --- ≥ 85% ≥ 85%

Coordinate reference

system

Datum: ETRS89 (European Terrestrial Reference System 1989)

Alias: ETRS89 / PT-TM06

Ellipsoid: GRS80 (New International)

Projection: Transverse Mercator

Central Meridian: 08º 07' 59'', 19 W

Latitude of Origin: 39º 40' 05'', 73 N

Linear Unit: Metre (1,0)

Scale Factor: 1,0

False Easting: 0

False Northing: 0

*The MMU is 25 ha except for polygons intersected by the Portugal-Spain border.

The CLC nomenclature is based on an a priori and hierarchical classification system, with

three levels that correspond to different and increasing thematic detail. The third and

most detailed level has originally 44 classes (Büttner et. al., 2006), but in Portugal only 42

classes were used since there are no Glaciers and perpetual snow (class 335), nor Peat

bogs (class 412). Table 2 shows the classes in all three levels of the CLC nomenclature.



Table 2 – CORINE Land Cover (CLC) nomenclature.

Level 1 Level 2 Level 3

111 Continuous urban fabric 11 Urban fabric

112 Discontinuous urban fabric

121 Industrial or commercial units

122 Road and rail networks and associated land

123 Port areas

12 Industrial, commercial and

transport units

124 Airports

131 Mineral extraction sites

132 Dump sites

13 Mine, dump and

construction sites

133 Construction sites

141 Green urban areas

1 Artificial

surfaces

14 Artificial, non-agricultural

vegetated areas 142 Sport and leisure facilities

211 Non-irrigated arable land

212 Permanently irrigated land

21 Arable land

213 Rice fields

221 Vineyards

222 Fruit trees and berry plantations

22 Permanent crops

223 Olive groves

23 Pastures 231 Pastures

241 Annual crops associated with permanent crops

242 Complex cultivation patterns

243 Land principally occupied by agriculture, with significant

areas of natural vegetation

2 Agricultural

areas

24 Heterogeneous agricultural

areas

244 Agro-forestry areas

311 Broad-leaved forest

312 Coniferous forest

31 Forests

313 Mixed forest

321 Natural grasslands

322 Moors and heathland

323 Sclerophyllous vegetation

32 Scrub and/or herbaceous

vegetation associations

324 Transitional woodland-shrub

331 Beaches, dunes, sands

332 Bare rocks

333 Sparsely vegetated areas

334 Burnt areas

3 Forest and

semi natural

areas

33 Open spaces with little

or no vegetation

335 Glaciers and perpetual snow

411 Inland marshes 41 Inland wetlands

412 Peat bogs

421 Salt marshes

422 Salines

4 Wetlands

42 Maritime wetlands

423 Intertidal flats

511 Water courses 51 Inland waters

512 Water bodies

521 Coastal lagoons

522 Estuaries

5 Water bodies

52 Marine waters

523 Sea and ocean



2.22.22.22.2 Data sourcesData sourcesData sourcesData sources

To produce CHA06_PT and review the original CLC2000-PT database, two different types

of data were used: satellite imagery as base data and other types of data that served as

ancillary information to enhance landscape interpretation.

2.2.12.2.12.2.12.2.1 Base dataBase dataBase dataBase data

The base data that we used was constituted by satellite imagery collected in the summer

of 2000 (Figure 2) and in the spring and summer of 2006 (Figure 3). The characteristics of

the images are summarized in Table 3 and Table 4.

Figure 2 – Landsat ETM+ imagery of the year 2000 (summer). Source: Painho and Caetano (2006).



ID data year month date

Month

Month

Mainland Portugal

Mainland Portugal

ID data year month date

Figure 3 - SPOT-4, SPOT-5 and IRS-P6 LISS III imagery for spring and summer of 2006.

Table 3 - General characteristics of the satellite images used as base data.

Imagery Reference year Number of bands

(available)

Spatial resolution

(resampled) (m)

IRS-P6 LISS III 2006 (spring and summer) 4 20

SPOT-4 2006 (spring and summer) 4 20

SPOT-5 2006 (spring and summer) 4 20

Landsat-7 ETM+ 2000 (summer) 6+1 25



Table 4 – Detailed characteristics of the satellite images used as base data.

Landsat 7 SPOT-5 SPOT-4 IRS P6

Sensor ETM+ HRG HRVIR LISS III

Swath width (km) 180 60 x 60 – 80 x 80

(depending on

looking angle)

60 x 60 – 80 x 80

(depending on

looking angle)

140 x 140

Spatial resolution

(m)

60 (Thermal band)

30 (Multi-spectral)

10 (Panchromatic)

20 (Middle-infrared)

10 (Green, Red, NIR)

5 (Panchromatic)

20 (Multi-

spectral)

10 (Panchromatic)

23,5

Radiometric

resolution (bits)

8 8 8 10

Number of bands 7+1 (original) 4 + 1 4 + 1 4

Blue band 0,45 – 0,52 µm (TM1) --- --- ---

Green band 0,53 – 0,61 µm (TM2) 0,50 – 0,59 �m 0,50 – 0,59 µm 0,52 – 0,59 µm

Red band 0,63 – 0,69 µm (TM3) 0,61 – 0,68 �m 0,61 – 0,68 µm 0,62 – 0,68 µm

Near-infrared band

(NIR)

0,75 – 0,90 µm (TM4) 0,78 – 0,89 �m 0,78 – 0,89 µm 0,77 – 0,86 µm

Middle-infrared

band

1,55 – 1,75 µm (TM5) 1,58 – 1,75 �m 1,58 – 1,75 µm 1,55 – 1,70 µm

Thermal-infrared

band

10,4 – 12,5 µm (TM6) --- --- ---

Far-infrared band 2,09 – 2,35 µm (TM7) --- --- ---

Panchromatic band 0,52 – 0,90 µm (PAN) 0,48 – 0,71 �m 0,61 – 0,68 µm ---

Observation mode Vertical only Tiltable sensor (up

to ± 31º)

Tiltable sensor

(up to ± 31º)

Vertical only

Temporal resolution 16 days 2-3 days 2-3 days 25 days

Reference system ETRS89-PT06 ETRS89-PT06 ETRS89-PT06 ETRS89-PT06

The images of the reference year 2006 were taken both in spring and summer periods in

order to allow for the analysis of changes in vegetation phenological characteristics and

thus improve the discrimination between land cover classes. Figure 4 shows an example

of a region mainly occupied by agriculture, where irrigated and non-irrigated arable crops

are better identified through the comparison of spring and summer images.



Spring 2006 Summer 2006

Figure 4 - Spring and summer satellite images of irrigated and non-irrigated arable areas.

2.2.22.2.22.2.22.2.2 Ancillary dataAncillary dataAncillary dataAncillary data

In order to support and improve the visual interpretation of the landscape, additional data

of Continental Portugal was provided to the photo-interpreters. Table 5 shows a

compilation of the ancillary data used in this project.

Table 5 – Summary of ancillary data characteristics.

Data Reference year Owner Scale MMU /

Resolution (m) Format

Orthorectified digital aerial

imagery - national coverage

2004, 2005 and

2006

IGP/DGRF 1: 25 000 0,50 m Raster

Orthorectified analogue aerial

imagery - national coverage

1995 IGP 1: 25 000 1m Raster

Land Cover Map of Continental

Portugal for 1990 (COS’90)

1990 IGP 1: 25 000 1 ha Vector

Yearly burned area maps 2000-2006 DGRF 1: 100 000 5 ha Vector

National Forest Inventory 1995

(IFN1995)

1995 DGRF --- 0,5 ha Vector

Vineyard Information System 1930-2000 IVV --- --- Vector

Official Administrative Map of

Portugal (CAOP) 2008.1

2008 IGP 1: 25 000 --- Vector

IVV – Institute of Wine and Vineyard; DGRF – General Directorate of Forests

The main ancillary data used by the photo-interpreters was the 2004/2005/2006 national

coverage of orthorectified digital aerial images. The characteristics of these ortho-images

are summarized in Table 6 and the respective acquisition dates are shown in Figure 5.

Figure 6 shows an example of the detail that can be achieved using these aerial images as

ancillary information for land use and land cover (LULC) mapping.



Table 6 – Technical specifications of the orthorectified digital aerial images.

Camera Ultracam from Vexcel

Flight altitude Approx. 5800m

Dates of flights November, 2004; August and September, 2005;

May and June, 2006

Image swath 4 x 5 km

Spatial resolution 0,50 m

Radiometric

resolution 8 bits per band

Spectral resolution 4 spectral bands: Blue, Green, Red and NIR

Years of flights 2004, 2005 and 2006

Image format TIFF

Reference system ETRS89-PT06

Flights performed by DGRF

Property rights DGRF / IGP

Figure 5 – Acquisition dates of the orthorectified digital aerial images.



Summer 2006

False colour True colour

Figure 6 – Visualization of imagery at different scales. On top: 2006 satellite image. Below: digital aerial images

from the 2004/2005/2006 national coverage.

The orthorectified digital aerial images were available through Web Map Service (WMS).

This format allows the visualization of maps through a network connection. In order to

use this service on an ArcView 3.x platform (the one used for CLC06_PT production), we

installed an extension (WMS support) and created a series of files with Open Geospatial

Consortium (OGC) format. This allowed the access to the various layers of information

from the WMS. These layers were the following:

• Itinerary map of Portugal 1: 500 000;

• 1: 200 000 topographic map;



• 2004/2005/2006 aerial images.

The layers are successively loaded as the visualization scale changes. For the aerial

imagery there were two colour composites available: one for true colour and one for false

colour.

2.32.32.32.3 Development of specific tools to enhance the production processDevelopment of specific tools to enhance the production processDevelopment of specific tools to enhance the production processDevelopment of specific tools to enhance the production process

The basic tool for map production was the software Interchange 2.0 (Figure 7). This

software is an adaptation of ESRI’s ArcView 3.2 software and not only allowed for a direct



comparison of the 2000 and 2006 images but also provided a series of editing and

visualisation tools specifically designed for the production of CLC-Changes-2000-2006.

Figure 7 - Software Interchange 2.0.

Furthermore, during the course of the production process, the National Technical Team

developed important additional tools, essentially related to the virtual production

workspace and to quality control procedures. These tools were compiled in an extension

of Interchange 2.0 (Figure 8). Some of the tools developed by the National Technical Team

are described in Table 7.

Figure 8 – Menu and options of the extension developed by the National Technical Team for Interchange 2.0.



Table 7 – Examples of the tools created by the National Technical Team for the extension of Interchange 2.0.

Button Description of functionality

This button zooms the view(s) to a previously defined scale.

This button pulls the dialog box for searching the shapefile based on a chosen field. The script

steps through all polygons coded in the chosen field with value 1.

This button stretches the values of the Digital Numbers for each band of the image present in the

view.

This tool enables the user to click on a polygon and check the online official description of the

respective CLC class.

This tool is used to mark cells of a control grid as “done”.

This tool transfers the clicked polygon(s) to Google Earth.

This tool lists every available image for the clicked area in the view. The user then selects from the

list, the ones to be loaded.

This tool loads into the view orthorectified aerial images from 1995 available in the clicked area or

location.

2.42.42.42.4 Production of CHA06_PTProduction of CHA06_PTProduction of CHA06_PTProduction of CHA06_PT

The main task in this project was the production of the CHA06_PT database, which

consisted in computer-assisted visual interpretation of satellite images of the years 2000

and 2006. The image interpretation procedure included a visual comparison between the

2000 and 2006 satellite images, the detection of real changes visible in the images, and

the delineation of change polygons that fulfilled the technical specifications of the

product (EEA, 2007). The changes that were mapped were the ones that occurred between

2000 and 2006, and were detectable in the base data, larger than 5 ha and wider than

100m. The map production specifications for CHA06_PT differed from the ones of CLC-

Changes-1990-2000-PT, in the fact that for CHA06_PT all the changes larger than 5 ha

were mapped. When CLC-Changes-1990-2000-PT was produced the areas that were not

contiguous to polygons of the same class already present in 1990, were only mapped if

they had a minimum of 25 ha (Caetano et al., 2009b). The delineation of changes was

based on the polygons of CLC00_PT in order to avoid the creation of sliver polygons when

integrating that map with CHA06_PT to produce CLC06_PT. The CHA06_PT database was

produced at Working Unit (WU) level. The same way as in the predecessor project, i.e.

CLC2000 for Continental Portugal, each WU corresponded to a sheet of the National Map

Series 1: 100 000 (Figure 9).



8765

30 31 32 33

34 35 36 37

38 39 40 41

42 43 44

45 46 47

48 49 50

51 52 53

50b

42a

2

9

431

11

18

19 20 21

22 23 24 25

26 27 28 29

1716

151413

1210

19a

Figure 9 - Working units for the production of the CHA06_PT database.

The production team consisted of five photo-interpreters (Figure 10), selected from more

than 100 candidates. Each of the interpreters was responsible for producing the

CHA06_PT database for a given area of Continental Portugal.

Figure 10 - Team of photo-interpreters.

2.52.52.52.5 Revision of the original CLC2000Revision of the original CLC2000Revision of the original CLC2000Revision of the original CLC2000----PTPTPTPT

The interpretation of the territory of Continental Portugal in view of detecting land cover

changes between 2000 and 2006, inevitably unveiled some problems in the original

CLC2000-PT database. Furthermore, the use of more and better data than in the 2000

project, namely aerial imagery and spring and summer 2006 satellite images, promoted a

better understanding of the landscape. The problems detected were corrected, which

allowed for the improvement of the original CLC2000-PT and at the same time avoided



error propagation in CLC06_PT. Figure 11 shows some examples of the corrections that

were made to the original CLC2000-PT database.

CLC2000rCLC2000

312

241

322 312

322

243

313

312

324

312

312

241

322

312

322324

243

313

312

324

312

CLC2000rCLC2000

223

242

243

112

223

324322

223242

243

223

324322

Original CLC2000-PT CLC00_PT


CLC2000rCLC2000

242

221

221

313112

212311

324

112

313

324212

112242 311

311

244

242

221

221

313

212311

324

313

324212

311

311

244


Figure 11 - Examples of corrections made to the original CLC2000-PT.



2.62.62.62.6 Production of CLC06_PTProduction of CLC06_PTProduction of CLC06_PTProduction of CLC06_PT

The revised version of the original CLC2000-PT, i.e. CLC00_PT, was combined with

CHA06_PT to produce the CLC06_PT map, as follows:

CLC06_PT = CLC00_PT + CHA06_PT.

The above operation produced polygons smaller than the MMU established for CLC2006.

Thus, some generalisation procedures were applied, following the official guidelines for

the project. These generalisation procedures were implemented using a dedicated ArcInfo

script, provided by the European Topic Centre for Land Use and Spatial Information (ETC-

LUSI).

2.72.72.72.7 Quality controlQuality controlQuality controlQuality control

During the production stage several quality control procedures were carried out. After

producing CHA06_PT for a given WU, the photo-interpreter had a verification list to

control several well-known sources of potential errors (e.g. questionable transitions,

dynamic classes in 2000 to check for probable changes that were not mapped, zero-

coded polygons, cross-boundary harmonisation between working units). Afterwards, the

National Technical Team checked random areas for thematic and structural aspects. When

errors were found, remarks were made, and the WU returned to the correspondent photo-

interpreter so that the respective corrections could be implemented.

Additionally, ETC-LUSI carried out two verifications missions, the first after 25-50% of the

area had been processed and the second when processing had reached 75-100%. In these

verification missions, ETC-LUSI checked the CHA06_PT and CLC00_PT products,

communicating several remarks and recommendations to the National Technical Team.

These were implemented and only then the WU production and quality control cycle was

considered completed.

Finally, after several iterations of the previously described quality control procedures, the

working units were merged and checked for structural, geometric and topology errors

(e.g. polygons smaller than 25 ha, minimum distance between lines smaller than 100m).

The errors found were corrected in all map products.

2.82.82.82.8 MetadataMetadataMetadataMetadata

The metadata of CHA06_PT were produced both at WU level and at country level. These

metadata were produced according to the forms provided by ETC-LUSI (EEA, 2007). In the

cases of the maps CLC00_PT and CLC06_PT, only country-level metadata were produced.

The metadata of the products can be found, respectively, in Annexes 1, 2 and 3.



2.92.92.92.9 Validation of CLC06_PTValidation of CLC06_PTValidation of CLC06_PTValidation of CLC06_PT

The accuracy of the CLC06_PT map was evaluated through a statistically sound method

developed by the Remote Sensing Unit of IGP and has been successfully used in several

projects of that Unit (e.g. Carrão et al., 2009; Araújo et al., 2009; Costa et al., 2009). This

method follows the recommendations of Dicks and Lo (1990) regarding the design of a

sampling survey for accuracy assessment, including the determination of the acceptable

level of accuracy, the definition of the reference sample, sample size and sample selection

strategy, and the choice of accuracy measures. Overall, the method is also based on the

work of several others authors, such as Anderson et al. (1976), Jensen (1996), Card

(1982), Carrão et al. (2007), Congalton and Green (1999), Stehman and Czaplewski

(1998), Stehman (1999), and Stehman (2001). For a complete description of the accuracy

assessment of CLC06_PT the reader is referred to Caetano et al. (2009a).

The minimum level of acceptable thematic accuracy we defined was 85%. The validation of

CLC06_PT was done through the comparison of the map with a reference database, which

consisted in a sample of the LULC in Continental Portugal considered to be representative

of the “reality”. The most important data used to construct the reference database were a

national coverage of 2007 orthorectified digital aerial images and the 2006 satellite

images used in the production of CLC06_PT. The sampling design followed a stratified

random sampling approach to ensure the independence of the sample observations

within the sample itself and in relation to the characteristics of the territory. The reference

database was based on the CLC nomenclature and consisted in 100 sampling units per

mapped class. This resulted in a global reference sample of 4200 sampling units. The

protocol to determine the reference LULC classification of a sampling unit included: i)

Labelling of primary and alternative reference land cover labels through interpretation of

reference and ancillary data; ii) Labelling of location confidence ratings for each sampling

unit, which allowed for the discrimination of the sampling units located in the vicinity of

land cover class boundaries (i.e. at a distance smaller than 100m); iii) Labeling of primary

reference land cover labels of the neighbour land cover classes, when these exist in the

vicinity of the sampling unit. The most relevant features of the strategy developed for the

accuracy assessment of CLC06_PT are summarized in Table 8.

Table 8 – Key-features of the accuracy assessment strategy developed for CLC06_PT.

Target accuracy At least 85% thematic accuracy at 95% confidence level

Sampling units Points

Sampling scheme Stratified random sampling

Sample size 100 sampling units per mapped class

Attributes to be collected for

reference sample

Labeling of primary reference land cover labels, alternative reference

land cover labels and location confidence ratings



3333 Results and discussionResults and discussionResults and discussionResults and discussion

In this chapter we present a brief analysis of the results obtained for all map products.

The chapter is sub-divided according to the three main topics related with production:

LULC change detection between 2000 and 2006, based on CHA06_PT; revision of the

original CLC2000-PT database; and CLC06_PT map production. All results refer to the

area of Continental Portugal delimited by CAOP, which provides the official administrative

limit defined by IGP (IGP, 2009). The total area of Continental Portugal given by CAOP is

8897130ha.

3.13.13.13.1 Analysis of LULC change in Continental PoAnalysis of LULC change in Continental PoAnalysis of LULC change in Continental PoAnalysis of LULC change in Continental Portugal in the period 2000rtugal in the period 2000rtugal in the period 2000rtugal in the period 2000----2006200620062006

The analysis of land use and land cover changes in Continental Portugal was based on the

CHA06_PT database. These changes occurred in 8,6% of the territory and are illustrated in

Figure 12.

CLC changes 2000-2006

Figure 12 – CHA06_PT map.



From the analysis of the map it can be easily concluded that the centre of the territory

was the region with the highest occurrence of changes in the period 2000-2006. This is

related essentially to the well-known dynamic nature of the Portuguese forests, which

constitute the main land cover type in that region. In order to further understand the

LULC dynamics in Continental Portugal between 2000 and 2006 it is important to

examine the areas that were gained and lost per class in that period (Table 9), as well as

the change matrix (Table 10).

Table 9 - Areas gained (+) and lost (-) per CLC class between 2000 and 2006 in Continental Portugal.

Area (ha)

CLC class Out In Difference

111 0

112 133 9364 +9231

121 64 5510 +5446

122 8 6565 +6558

123 83 +83

124 80 +80

131 205 2043 +1838

132 20 346 +326

133 8877 10076 +1199

141 46 51 +5

142 37 2905 +2869

211 45522 6578 -38944

212 2480 9136 +6656

213 2204 397 -1808

221 1429 8533 +7104

222 1192 1537 +345

223 4708 4478 -230

231 1461 1300 -160

241 2623 116 -2507

242 3408 165 -3243

243 12015 5638 -6377

244 17128 8074 -9054

311 177819 58621 -119198

312 206895 33749 -173146

313 83000 13513 -69487

321 5579 239 -5341

322 10062 2216 -7847

323 20040 1446 -18593

324 127038 519199 +392161

331 47 38 -10

332 13 18 +4

333 578 890 +312

334 29405 33145 +3741

411 0

421 37 -37

422 0

423 169 +169

511 1117 398 -719

512 18729 +18729

521 14 38 +23

522 169 -169

523 26 17 -9

+ -



Table 10 – 2000-2006 land use and land cover change matrix for Continental Portugal (areas are presented in hectares).

CLC06_PCLC06_PCLC06_PCLC06_PTTTT

111

111

111

111

112

112

112

112

121

121

121

121

122

122

122

122

123

123

123

123

124

124

124

124

131

131

131

131

132

132

132

132

133

133

133

133

141

141

141

141

142

142

142

142

211

211

211

211

212

212

212

212

213

213

213

213

221

221

221

221

222

222

222

222

223

223

223

223

231

231

231

231

241

241

241

241

242

242

242

242

243

243

243

243

244

244

244

244

311

311

311

311

312

312

312

312

313

313

313

313

321

321

321

321

322

322

322

322

323

323

323

323

324

324

324

324

331

331

331

331

332

332

332

332

333

333

333

333

334

334

334

334

411

411

411

411

421

421

421

421

422

422

422

422

423

423

423

423

511

511

511

511

512

512

512

512

521

521

521

521

522

522

522

522

523

523

523

523

TotalTotalTotalTotal

111111111111

112112112112 23 88 15 7 133

121121121121 47 17 64

122122122122 8 8

123123123123

124124124124

131131131131 17 83 52 53 205

132132132132 20 20

133133133133 3271 2572 1822 67 33 47 23 918 5 13 9 64 33 8877

141141141141 11 6 25 4 46

142142142142 30 7 37

211211211211 888 425 540 30 33 18 796 138 5361 43 4688 714 2691 101 236 95 97 49 8 76 54 107 25031 116 3188 45522

212212212212 65 123 117 12 9 186 34 113 56 422 213 771 13 11 17 15 154 52 98 2480

213213213213 9 5 57 1812 28 186 21 17 70 2204

221221221221 198 52 79 21 122 6 419 149 42 23 78 31 47 36 21 12 71 22 1429

222222222222 68 40 73 10 72 110 152 57 120 9 20 30 3 410 17 3 1192

223223223223 175 25 15 10 189 9 724 308 672 29 29 45 38 91 1644 704 4708

231231231231 24 15 3 43 50 37 227 254 2 25 11 37 604 128 1461

241241241241 697 107 211 2 20 559 75 176 7 61 108 5 25 9 487 74 2623

242242242242 1135 262 119 4 7 702 189 65 93 35 156 80 47 9 5 311 188 3408

243243243243 605 144 263 32 633 123 2037 236 66 36 9 147 44 24 28 27 7109 63 390 12015

244244244244 3 46 55 44 25 116 14 28 223 178 4 72 909 452 11365 82 3510 17128

311311311311 164 157 335 114 102 769 349 94 166 8 102 29 31 6 628 5109 14 624 157023 6391 28 5575 177819

312312312312 372 260 738 324 21 1516 207 90 152 190 37 10 11 6 14 7 6 196786 250 5894 2 206895

313313313313 444 332 1015 148 986 119 45 56 184 3 164 66 39 35 75133 4200 31 83000

321321321321 177 99 73 77 12 375 264 423 97 24 130 391 30 56 12 10 28 2945 356 5579

322322322322 175 13 71 85 388 28 15 455 309 25 125 45 8 18 4103 640 3513 47 10062

323323323323 25 14 28 126 11 183 78 786 102 37 46 370 41 13 3863 277 20 10628 18 1338 2036 20040

324324324324 832 823 974 5 699 79 1924 187 859 271 1089 82 536 62 2 590 2315 57103 33414 12263 11808 40 1085 127038

331331331331 20 4 5 17 47

332332332332 5 8 13

333333333333 298 253 12 15 578

334334334334 5 58 17 97 22 25 264 147 124 21 2133 1198 25281 12 29405

411411411411

421421421421 14 24 37

422422422422

423423423423

511511511511 1117 1117

512512512512

521521521521 3 12 14

522522522522 169 169

523523523523 0 26 26

CLC

00_PT

CLC

00_PT

CLC

00_PT

CLC

00_PT

TotalTotalTotalTotal 9364 5510 6565 83 80 2043 346 10076 51 2905 6578 9136 397 8533 1537 4478 1300 116 165 5638 8074 58621 33749 13513 239 2216 1446 519199 38 18 890 33145 169 398 18729 38 17 765399



At level 1 of the nomenclature the main changes occur from classes: 2 and 3 to 1; 2 and 3

to 5; 3 to 2; and 2 to 3. These changes represent the growth of urban areas, the

construction of new artificial dams and lakes, and the conversion of natural to agricultural

areas and vice-versa. Within class 3, the changes from classes 311, 312 or 313 to 324,

and vice-versa, are the most representative ones in terms of area, showing the dynamics

in the Portuguese forest sector. The large area corresponding to occurrences of forest

fires also has an important influence in this dynamics. Regarding agricultural areas, the

classes that changed most were 211 and 244, often converted to new forest plantations

(class 324). Table 11 shows the top-10 level-3 changes in terms of area.

Table 11 - Top-10 level-3 changes in Continental Portugal between 2000 and 2006.

Change Area (ha)

312-324 198404

311-324 157577

313-324 75470

324-311 57199

324-312 33626

334-324 25351

211-324 25033

324-313 12272

324-334 11808

244-324 11411

3.23.23.23.2 ReviReviReviRevision of the original CLC2000sion of the original CLC2000sion of the original CLC2000sion of the original CLC2000----PTPTPTPT

As a result of the revision of the original CLC2000-PT database (see Figure 13), 7,8% of

the area of Continental Portugal were corrected for geometric and thematic errors.

In view of analysing which region of the territory was subjected to more corrections, the

original and revised CLC2000-PT databases were intersected with the level-3 NUTS

(Nomenclature of Territorial Units for Statistics) for Continental Portugal. Figure 14 shows

the percentage of corrections made to the original CLC2000-PT database per NUTS III.

“Minho/Lima”, “Beira Interior Norte”, “Grande Lisboa” and “Alentejo Central” were the most

corrected NUTS. The Centre and North-Interior were the regions of the territory with

fewer corrections. Table 12 shows the area differences per class between the revised and

the original CLC2000-PT databases. Classes 423, 332, 333, 133 and 112 were

significantly corrected relatively to their original area. This doesn’t mean necessarily

though that they correspond to the major part of the corrected area in relation to the total

area of Continental Portugal. In fact, classes that occupy a larger part of the territory are

likely to be subjected to more corrections than less represented classes. This was the case

with 112, 211, 311, 322 and 324, which were the classes responsible for the major part

of the overall improvements.



CLC2000 revised

Figure 13 – CLC00_PT map.

LegendCorrections (%)

Figure 14 - Percentage of corrections made to the original CLC2000-PT database per NUTSIII.



Table 12 – Area differences per CLC class between the revised and the original CLC2000-PT databases.

Original CLC2000-PT CLC00_PT Difference

CLC

class Area (ha)

% of total area of

Cont. Portugal Area (ha)

% of total area of

Cont. Portugal

Relative to total area

of Cont. Portugal (%)

Relative to class area

in original CLC2000-

PT (%)

111 13956 0,2 12077 0,1 -0,0211 -13,5

112 161113 1,8 202359 2,3 +0,4636 +25,6

121 28652 0,3 29706 0,3 +0,0118 +3,7

122 2307 0,0 2256 0,0 -0,0006 -2,2

123 1416 0,0 1475 0,0 +0,0007 +4,1

124 4157 0,0 4216 0,0 +0,0007 +1,4

131 13039 0,1 12248 0,1 -0,0089 -6,1

132 459 0,0 748 0,0 +0,0032 +63

133 4416 0,0 5721 0,1 +0,0147 +29,5

141 1439 0,0 1761 0,0 +0,0036 +22,3

142 7944 0,1 9053 0,1 +0,0125 +14

211 1092487 12,3 1019416 11,5 -0,8213 -6,7

212 194547 2,2 203804 2,3 +0,104 +4,8

213 53409 0,6 54401 0,6 +0,0111 +1,9

221 232873 2,6 222741 2,5 -0,1139 -4,4

222 100111 1,1 100566 1,1 +0,0051 +0,5

223 270557 3,0 262925 3,0 -0,0858 -2,8

231 37816 0,4 42104 0,5 +0,0482 +11,3

241 420388 4,7 405789 4,6 -0,1641 -3,5

242 622850 7,0 609907 6,9 -0,1455 -2,1

243 681514 7,7 700127 7,9 +0,2092 +2,7

244 559658 6,3 628699 7,1 +0,776 +12,3

311 1221196 13,7 1125181 12,6 -1,0792 -7,9

312 691008 7,8 708603 8,0 +0,1978 +2,5

313 525077 5,9 545339 6,1 +0,2277 +3,9

321 185235 2,1 176156 2,0 -0,1020 -4,9

322 336428 3,8 289461 3,3 -0,5279 -14,0

323 195444 2,2 225001 2,5 +0,3322 +15,1

324 963537 10,8 1019203 11,5 +0,6257 +5,8

331 11324 0,1 11083 0,1 -0,0027 -2,1

332 43971 0,5 23836 0,3 -0,2263 -45,8

333 77138 0,9 100528 1,1 +0,2629 +30,3

334 31562 0,4 29688 0,3 -0,0211 -5,9

411 1021 0,0 1119 0,0 +0,0011 +9,7

421 18608 0,2 18191 0,2 -0,0047 -2,2

422 7531 0,1 7200 0,1 -0,0037 -4,4

423 789 0,0 1733 0,0 +0,0106 +119,5

511 20493 0,2 20590 0,2 +0,0011 +0,5

512 34121 0,4 34600 0,4 +0,0054 +1,4

521 8459 0,1 8465 0,1 +0,0001 +0,1

522 16293 0,2 16292 0,2 +0,0000 +0,0

523 2779 0,0 2752 0,0 -0,0003 +0,0



3.33.33.33.3 Validation of the CLC06_PT mapValidation of the CLC06_PT mapValidation of the CLC06_PT mapValidation of the CLC06_PT map

As a result of the accuracy assessment of CLC06_PT we obtained estimates for the overall

and specific map accuracy indices (Table 13). These estimates confirm the good quality of

the product CLC06_PT. In fact, the estimated overall accuracy was 90,2%, with an absolute

precision of 1,3% at the 95% confidence level. This is well above the 85% thematic

accuracy target that we had set. Regarding user’s accuracies, only classes 231, 132, 222,

313 and 332 have confidence intervals completely below the 85% thematic accuracy

target. In the case of producer’s accuracies, only classes 231 and 423 present confidence

intervals completely below the same target. However, while for user’s accuracies the

confidence intervals were small for all land cover classes, for producer’s accuracies some

classes were estimated with very large confidence intervals, which means that the

estimates for these specific classes must be considered with care because larger

confidence intervals indicate that we can have less confidence in the correspondent

estimates.



Table 13 – Percentage area occupied per mapped land cover class (Nh). Estimates for percentage area occupied

per reference land cover class (Ng), percentage overall accuracy (P), percentage user’s accuracy (Ph), and

percentage producer’s accuracy (Pg). The absolute precision (d) was estimated at the 95% confidence level.

CLC class hN

)ˆ(ˆgg NdN ± )ˆ(ˆ

hh PdP ± )ˆ(ˆgg PdP ±

111 0,1 0,1 ± 0,0 97,0 ± 3,3 100 ± 0,0

112 1,9 2,0 ± 0,2 99,0 ± 2,0 91,9 ± 7,4

121 0,3 0,3 ± 0,1 90,0 ± 5,9 86,8 ± 19,5

122 0,1 0,1 ± 0,1 93,0 ± 5,0 65,4 ± 34,4

123 0,0 0,0 ± 0,0 95,0 ± 4,2 100,0 ± 0,0

124 0,0 0,0 ± 0,0 100,0 ± 0,0 97,3 ± 5,1

131 0,1 0,2 ± 0,1 97,0 ± 3,3 74,3 ± 32,5

132 0,0 0,0 ± 0,0 71,0 ± 8,5 83,3 ± 27,1

133 0,1 0,0 ± 0,0 78,0 ± 8,1 98,1 ± 2,9

141 0,0 0,0 ± 0,0 95,0 ± 4,2 87,9 ± 14,5

142 0,1 0,1 ± 0,1 93,0 ± 5,0 63,6 ± 44,8

211 8,6 7,8 ± 0,6 86,0 ± 6,8 94,8 ± 2,1

212 1,9 1,7 ± 0,2 80,8 ± 7,8 90,1 ± 10,8

213 0,5 0,4 ± 0,0 86,0 ± 6,8 97,3 ± 3,0

221 2,0 1,9 ± 0,1 94,0 ± 4,7 99,5 ± 0,9

222 0,9 0,8 ± 0,2 72,0 ± 8,8 81,8 ± 17,1

223 2,3 2,3 ± 0,3 81,2 ± 7,7 81,8 ± 9,3

231 0,4 0,4 ± 0,2 51,0 ± 9,8 51,9 ± 24,4

241 3,5 3,7 ± 0,5 81,0 ± 7,7 76,6 ± 9,4

242 5,4 5,3 ± 0,7 79,0 ± 8,0 80,3 ± 7,7

243 6,1 6,6 ± 0,6 90,0 ± 5,9 83,1 ± 6,4

244 5,5 5,6 ± 0,6 89,0 ± 6,2 87,8 ± 7,0

311 8,9 9,7 ± 0,7 94,0 ± 4,7 85,8 ± 4,5

312 4,7 5,2 ± 0,4 96,0 ± 3,9 86,9 ± 6,7

313 4,2 3,4 ± 0,5 74,0 ± 8,6 91,0 ± 9,6

321 1,6 1,7 ± 0,2 84,0 ± 7,2 75,5 ± 9,6

322 2,6 2,3 ± 0,2 81,0 ± 7,7 91,3 ± 4,7

323 1,9 1,9 ± 0,2 91,0 ± 5,6 89,4 ± 7,1

324 12,6 12,6 ± 0,8 92,0 ± 5,3 92,0 ± 3,2

331 0,1 0,1 ± 0,0 96,0 ± 3,8 95,2 ± 5,0

332 0,2 0,1 ± 0,0 66,0 ± 9,3 100,0 ± 0,0

333 0,9 0,8 ± 0,1 80,0 ± 7,9 89,2 ± 9,1

334 0,3 0,3 ± 0,1 87,0 ± 6,6 90,0 ± 16,3

411 0,0 0,0 ± 0,0 95,0 ± 4,1 53,9 ± 32,1

421 0,2 0,2 ± 0,0 83,0 ± 7,4 86,2 ± 17,4

422 0,1 0,1 ± 0,0 97,0 ± 3,3 97,4 ± 4,9

423 0,0 0,0 ± 0,0 95,0 ± 4,2 51,5 ± 17,7

511 0,2 0,2 ± 0,0 98,0 ± 2,8 86,4 ± 17,2

512 0,5 0,5 ± 0,0 97,0 ± 3,4 99,0 ± 1,2

521 0,1 0,1 ± 0,0 97,0 ± 3,3 97,7 ± 4,2

522 0,4 0,4 ± 0,0 98,0 ± 2,8 99,7 ± 0,2

523 21,1 21,1 ± 0,0 100,0 ± 0 100,0 ± 0,0

Overall accuracy )ˆ(ˆ PdP ± 90,2 ± 1,3



3.43.43.43.4 Analysis of LULC in Continental Portugal in 2006Analysis of LULC in Continental Portugal in 2006Analysis of LULC in Continental Portugal in 2006Analysis of LULC in Continental Portugal in 2006

The integration of CHA06_PT with CLC00_PT and the implementation of generalisation

procedures led to the creation of the CLC06_PT database (Figure 15).

CLC2006

Figure 15 - CLC06_PT map.

The main information that can be retrieved from the map is the dominance of Forest and

semi-natural areas, and Agricultural areas. Table 14 confirms this, adding Artificial

surfaces as the third most representative level-1 CLC class in 2006. Water bodies and

Wetlands are the least representative level-1 classes in that year. These proportions are

very similar to the “reality” as represented in the CLC00_PT map. Looking at the area

differences between CLC06_PT and CLC00_PT we can see that Water bodies were the class

that grew most relatively to the area in CLC00_PT, followed by Artificial surfaces. This

growth originated mainly from Agricultural areas, which were the only level-1 CLC class

that decreased.



Table 14 – CLC level-1 class areas in CLC06_PT and CLC00_PT.

CLC00_PT CLC06_PT Area difference

CLC

class

level 1

Area (ha)

% of total area

of Cont.

Portugal

Area (ha)

% of total area

of Cont.

Portugal

Absolute

(ha)

Relative to total

area of Cont.

Portugal (%)

Relative to class

area in CLC00_PT

(%)

1 281621 3,2 309149 3,5 +27528 +0,3094 +9,8

2 4250479 47,8 4199529 47,2 -50950 -0,5727 -1,2

3 4254079 47,8 4259822 47,9 +5742 +0,0645 +0,1

4 28244 0,3 28392 0,3 +148 +0,0017 +0,5

5 82699 0,9 100238 1,1 +17539 +0,1971 +21,2

The same type of analysis can be done for the second and third levels of the CLC

nomenclature (Table 15 and Table 16, respectively). From the analysis of Table 15 it can

be concluded that the above-mentioned dominance of class 3 in 2006 is mainly due to

Forests (31) and Scrub and/or herbaceous vegetation associations (32). In Agricultural

areas, the most representative class in 2006 is Heterogeneous agricultural areas (24). As

for Artificial surfaces, most of them are constituted by Urban fabric (class 11). These

patterns can also be observed for the areas present in the CLC00_PT map.

Table 15 - CLC level-2 class areas in CLC06_PT and CLC00_PT.


CLC

class

level 2

Area (ha)

% of total area

of Cont.

Portugal

Area (ha)

% of total area

of Cont.

Portugal

Absolute

(ha)

Relative to total

area of Cont.

Portugal (%)

Relative to class

area in CLC00_PT

(%)

11 214436 2,4 227483 2,6 +13046 +0,1466 +6,1

12 37653 0,4 47264 0,5 +9610 +0,108 +25,5

13 18717 0,2 21151 0,2 +2434 +0,0274 +13,0

14 10814 0,1 13252 0,1 +2438 +0,0274 +22,5

21 1277621 14,4 1245108 14,0 -32513 -0,3654 -2,5

22 586232 6,6 593033 6,7 +6802 +0,0764 +1,2

23 42104 0,5 41875 0,5 -229 -0,0026 -0,5

24 2344523 26,4 2319513 26,1 -25009 -0,2811 -1,1

31 2379124 26,7 2016603 22,7 -362521 -4,0746 -15,2

32 1709821 19,2 2074584 23,3 +364763 +4,0998 +21,3

33 165134 1,9 168635 1,9 +3501 +0,0393 +2,1

41 1119 0,0 1139 0,0 +19 +0,0002 +1,7

42 27124 0,3 27253 0,3 +129 +0,0014 +0,5

51 55190 0,6 72860 0,8 +17670 +0,1986 +32,0

52 27509 0,3 27378 0,3 -131 -0,0015 -0,5

CORINE Land Cover 2006 for Continental Portugal


29

Table 16 - CLC level-3 class areas in CLC06_PT and CLC00_PT.


CLC class

level 3 Area (ha)

% of total area of

Cont. Portugal Area (ha)

% of total area of

Cont. Portugal

Absolute

(ha)

Relative to total

area of Cont.

Portugal (%)

Relative to class area

in CLC00_PT (%)

111 12077 0,1 12233 0,1 +155 +0,0017 +1,3

112 202359 2,3 215250 2,4 +12891 +0,1449 +6,4

121 29706 0,3 33698 0,4 +3992 +0,0449 +13,4

122 2256 0,0 7679 0,1 +5422 +0,0609 +240,3

123 1475 0,0 1585 0,0 +109 +0,0012 +7,4

124 4216 0,0 4303 0,0 +87 +0,001 +2,1

131 12248 0,1 13661 0,2 +1413 +0,0159 +11,5

132 748 0,0 972 0,0 +224 +0,0025 +29,9

133 5721 0,1 6518 0,1 +797 +0,009 +13,9

141 1761 0,0 1761 0,0 0 0,0000 0,0

142 9053 0,1 11491 0,1 +2438 +0,0274 +26,9

211 1019416 11,5 981760 11,0 -37656 -0,4233 -3,7

212 203804 2,3 210523 2,4 +6719 +0,0755 +3,3

213 54401 0,6 52825 0,6 -1576 -0,0177 -2,9

221 222741 2,5 228989 2,6 +6249 +0,0702 +2,8

222 100566 1,1 100994 1,1 +428 +0,0048 +0,4

223 262925 3,0 263050 3,0 +125 +0,0014 0,0

231 42104 0,5 41875 0,5 -229 -0,0026 -0,5

241 405789 4,6 404022 4,5 -1766 -0,0199 -0,4

242 609907 6,9 607104 6,8 -2804 -0,0315 -0,5

243 700127 7,9 686893 7,7 -13234 -0,1488 -1,9

244 628699 7,1 621494 7,0 -7205 -0,0810 -1,1

311 1125181 12,6 1007057 11,3 -118124 -1,3277 -10,5

312 708603 8,0 533994 6,0 -174609 -1,9625 -24,6

313 545339 6,1 475551 5,3 -69788 -0,7844 -12,8

321 176156 2,0 171883 1,9 -4273 -0,0480 -2,4

322 289461 3,3 284585 3,2 -4875 -0,0548 -1,7

323 225001 2,5 206625 2,3 -18376 -0,2065 -8,2

324 1019203 11,5 1411490 15,9 +392288 +4,4091 +38,5

331 11083 0,1 11075 0,1 -8 -0,0001 -0,1

332 23836 0,3 23863 0,3 +27 +0,0003 +0,1

333 100528 1,1 100835 1,1 +307 +0,0035 +0,3

334 29688 0,3 32862 0,4 +3174 +0,0357 +10,7

411 1119 0,0 1139 0,0 +19 +0,0002 +1,7

421 18191 0,2 18142 0,2 -49 -0,0006 -0,3

422 7200 0,1 7200 0,1 0 0,0000 0,0

423 1733 0,0 1911 0,0 +178 +0,002 +10,3

511 20590 0,2 19871 0,2 -719 -0,0081 -3,5

512 34600 0,4 52989 0,6 +18389 +0,2067 +53,1

521 8465 0,1 8488 0,1 +23 +0,0003 +0,3

522 16292 0,2 16138 0,2 -154 -0,0017 -0,9

523 2752 0,0 2751 0,0 0 0,0000 0,0



30

Considering the third and most detailed level in the CLC nomenclature (Table 16) it can be

seen that the classes that occupy a larger portion of the Portuguese Continental territory

in 2006 are 324 (Transitional woodland-shrub), 311 (Broad-leaved forest) and 211 (Non-

irrigated arable land). The same happens for the CLC00_PT map, reinforcing the

importance of the forest and agricultural sectors in Continental Portugal. Within Artificial

surfaces, class 112 (Discontinuous urban fabric) is the most abundant, while for Wetlands

and Water bodies, classes 421 (Salt marshes) and 512 (Water bodies) are respectively the

dominant ones.

Finally, it is important to mention that when comparing CLC00_PT and CLC06_PT, the

percentages of change per class are not exactly the same as the ones that result from

CHA06_PT. This is due to the generalisation procedures applied and also to the fact that

the products have different minimum mapping units: whereas CHA06_PT has a MMU of 5

ha, both CLC00_PT and CLC06_PT have a MMU of 25 ha.



31

4444 ConclusionsConclusionsConclusionsConclusions

This report described the production procedures and general results of the CORINE Land

Cover 2006 for Continental Portugal. The National Technical team coordinated the

production process of the project, carried out during 2008 and 2009 at the premises of

the Portuguese Geographic Institute. The production process included visual

interpretation of satellite imagery to detect land use and land cover changes in the period

from 2000 to 2006, in Continental Portugal, and integration of the resultant product with

the CLC00_PT database to create the CLC06_PT map. This process was accompanied by

permanent quality control breakpoints to ensure demanded quality standards. A

validation protocol was applied to the CLC06_PT map and the estimated overall accuracy

was 90,2%, with an absolute precision of 1,3 at the 95% confidence level. The results

obtained also show that 7,8% of the original CLC2000-PT database was corrected when

producing CLC00_PT, and that 8,6% of the area of Continental Portugal was affected by

land use and land cover changes, in the period from 2000 to 2006. Forest and semi-

natural areas, as well as Agricultural areas, continue to be the dominant LULC types in the

territory and the main source of change dynamics.



33

ReferencesReferencesReferencesReferences

Anderson, J. R., E. E. Hardy, J. T. Roach and R. E. Witmer, 1976. A land use and land cover classification system

for use with remote sensor data, Geological Survey Professional Paper 964 (presented in U.S. Geological Survey

Circular 671), United States Government Printing Office, Washington.

Araújo, A., H. Carrão and M. Caetano, 2009. An operational approach for annual land cover mapping at the

national scale with MERIS images, in Remote Sensing for a Changing Europe (D. Maktav, editor), IOS Press,

Amsterdam, pp. 602-609.

Büttner, G., G. Feranec and G. Jaffrain, 2006. CORINE land cover nomenclature illustrated guide - addendum

2006 (draft version).

Caetano, M., A. Araújo, A. Nunes, V. Nunes and M. Pereira, 2009a. Accuracy assessment of the CORINE Land

Cover 2006 map of Continental Portugal, Technical Report, Instituto Geográfico Português.

Caetano, M., A. Araújo, V. Nunes and H. Carrão, 2008. Accuracy assessment of the High-resolution Built-up Map

for Continental Portugal, Technical Report, Instituto Geográfico Português.

Caetano, M., V. Nunes and A. Nunes, 2009b. CORINE Land Cover 2000 e 2006 – evolução das especificações

técnicas, Proceedings of the 6th National Conference on Cartography and Geodesy (CNCG 2009), 7 - 8 May

2009, Caldas da Rainha, Portugal, in press.

Card, D.H., 1982. Using known map category marginal frequencies to improve estimates of thematic map

accuracy, Photogrammetric Engineering and Remote Sensing, 48(3): 431–439.

Carrão, H., A. Araújo, P. Gonçalves and M. Caetano, 2009. Multitemporal MERIS images for land cover mapping

at national scale: the case study of Portugal, International Journal of Remote Sensing, in press.

Carrão, H., P. Gonçalves and M. Caetano, 2007. Use of intra-annual satellite imagery time-series for land cover

characterization purpose, in New Developments and Challenges in Remote Sensing (Z. Bochenek, editor),

Millpress, Rotterdam, pp. 355-365.

Congalton, R.G. and K. Green, 1999. Assessing the accuracy of remotely sensed data: principles and practices,

CRC/Lewis Press, Boca Raton.

Costa, H., H. Carrão, F. Bação and M. Caetano, 2009. Land cover classification in Portugal with multitemporal

AWiFS images: a comparative study, in Remote Sensing for a Changing Europe (D. Maktav, editor), IOS Press,

Amsterdam, pp. 239-246.

Dicks, S. and T. Lo, 1990. Evaluation of thematic map accuracy in a land-use and land-cover mapping program,

Photogrammetric Engineering and Remote Sensing, 56(9): 1247-1252.

EEA (European Environment Agency), 2006. GMES Fast Track Service on Land Monitoring – EEA Project

Implementation Plan, Technical Report, EEA.

EEA (European Environment Agency), 2007. CLC2006 Technical Guidelines, EEA Technical Report No 17/2007,

EEA, Copenhagen.

IGP (Portuguese Geographic Institute), 2009. Informação Cadastral – Carta Administrativa Oficial de Portugal,

available online at http://www.igeo.pt/produtos/cadastro/caop/inicial.htm (last accessed: 29 July 2009).

Jensen, J.R., 1996. Introductory digital image processing: a remote sensing perspective (2nd edition), Prentice

Hall, New Jersey.



34

Painho, M. and M. Caetano, 2006. Cartografia de Ocupação do Solo - Portugal Continental, 1985-2000 - CORINE Land Cover 2000, Instituto do Ambiente, Amadora.

Stehman, S.V., 1999. Basic probability sampling designs for thematic map accuracy assessment, International

Journal of Remote Sensing, 20(12): 2423–2441.

Stehman, S.V., 2001. Statistical rigour and practical utility in thematic map accuracy, Photogrammetric

Engineering and Remote Sensing, 67(6): 727–734.

Stehman, S.V. and R.L. Czaplewski, 1998. Design and analysis for thematic map accuracy assessment:

fundamental principles, Remote Sensing of Environment, 64(3): 331–344.



35

Annex 1Annex 1Annex 1Annex 1

Metadata of CHA06_PTMetadata of CHA06_PTMetadata of CHA06_PTMetadata of CHA06_PT



37

EEA metadata form for spatial datasets (GIS data) & EEA Metadata Standard for Geographic Information (EEA-MSGI v.1.1)

Dataset metadata form mapped to ISO19115

CORINE Land Cover Changes 2000-2006 map of Continental Portugal



38

EEA Field name


ISO Number

EEA Description CHA06_PT

Defines the metadata on the dataset

Responsible organisation and individual for the metadata

Organisation name 8.376 Responsible organisation name

Portuguese Geographic Institute (IGP)

Individual name 8.375 Responsible individual name Mário Caetano

Position name 8.377 The responsible individual role or position in the organisation

Project manager

Role 8.379 Function performed by the responsible organisation

Production

Address: Delivery point 8.378.381 Address line for the location Rua Artilharia Um, 107

Address: City 8.378.382 City of the location Lisbon

Address: State, Province 8.378.383 State, province of the location

Address: Postal code 8.378.384 Postal code of the location 1099-052

Address: Country 8.378.385 Country of the location Portugal

Point of contact

Address: E-mail 8.378.386 The electronic mail address of the responsible organisation or individual

[email protected]

Metadata on metadata

Last modified

9 Date of the last modification of the metadata

(YYYYMMDD)

20090714



39

Name of standard

10 Name of metadata standard EEA-MSGI/ISO19115 (First Edition)

Version of standard

11 Version of the metadata standard

EEA-MSGI 1.1

Basic information required to identify the dataset

Title 15.24.360 Title of the dataset CHA06_PT

Alternative title 15.24.361 Alternative titles of the dataset

CORINE Land Cover Changes 2000-2006 map of Continental Portugal

Brief Abstract

15.EEABriefAbstract

Brief abstract explaining in short the content of the dataset

CHA06_PT is a land use and land cover (LULC) map with vector format, a minimum mapping unit (MMU) of 5 ha and a nomenclature with 44 classes. Each polygon has two codes: one referring to LULC in 2000 and the other to LULC in 2006.

Dataset identification

Abstract

15.25 An abstract explaining the content of the dataset

The CORINE Land Cover Changes 2000-2006 map of Continental Portugal (CHA06_PT) was produced by the Remote Sensing Unit of the Portuguese Geographic Institute (IGP), in the framework of the Global Monitoring for Environment and Security Land Fast Track Service Precursor (GMES Land FTSP). GMES Land FTSP is an initiative created by the European Environment Agency (EEA) and European Commission (EC). GMES Land FTSP for Continental Portugal was funded by the EEA, IGP and Portuguese Environment Agency (APA). CHA06_PT is a land use and land cover (LULC) map with vector format, a minimum mapping unit (MMU) of 5 ha and an a priori hierarchical nomenclature. This nomenclature has three levels and 44 classes at the third and most detailed level. Each polygon has two codes: one referring to LULC in 2000 and the other to LULC in 2006. This map was generated through computer-assisted visual interpretation of 2000 and 2006 satellite images. The geometric accuracy of the map is better than 100m.



40

Keywords 15.33.53 Keywords helping to classify the dataset

Land use and land cover (LULC), CORINE Land Cover, CLC Changes 2000-2006, Global Monitoring for Environment and Security Land Fast Track Service Precursor (GMES Land FTSP), Portugal

Topic category 15.41 A predefined ISO category 010 (imageryBaseMapsEarthCover)

Dataset version 15.24.363 Version of the dataset Version 1.

Reference date 15.24.362.394

Date of last modification to the dataset (YYYYMMDD)

20090714

Definition of the reference system used for the dataset

Name 13.196.207 Name of reference system PT-TM06/ETRS89

Identity of the datum Datum

Name 13.192.207 Name of datum D_ETRS_1989

Identity of the ellipsoid

Name 13.191.207 Name of ellipsoid GRS80

Semi-major axis 13.193.202 Radius of the equatorial axis of the ellipsoid

6378137

Axis units 13.193.203 Units of the semi-major axis Meter

Ellipsoid

Flattening ratio 13.193.204 Ratio of the difference between the equatorial and polar radii of the ellipsoid to the equatorial radius when the numerator is set to 1

1 / 298,257 222 101

Identity of the projection

Name 13.190.207 Name of projection Transverse_Mercator

Reference system

Projection

Zone 13.194.216 Unique identifier for grid zone



41

Standard parallel 13.194.217 Line of constant latitude at which the surface of Earth and the plane or developable surface intersect

Longitude Of Central Meridian

13.194.218 Line of longitude at the centre of a map projection generally used as the basis for constructing the projection

-8,133108

Latitude of projection origin

13.194.219 Latitude chosen as the origin of rectangular coordinates for a map projection

39,668258

False easting 13.194.220 Value added to all “x” values in the rectangular coordinates for a map projection. This value frequently is assigned to eliminate negative numbers. Expressed in the unit of measure identified in planar coordinate units

False northing 13.194.221 Value added to all “y” values in the rectangular coordinates for a map projection. This value frequently is assigned to eliminate negative numbers. Expressed in the unit of measure identified in planar coordinate units

False easting northing units

13.194.222 Units of false northing and false easting



42

Scale factor at equator 13.194.223 Ratio between physical distance and corresponding map distance, along the equator

1,000000

Longitude of projection centre

13.194.224 Longitude of the point of projection for azimuthal projections

Latitude of projection centre

13.194.225 Latitude of the point of projection for azimuthal projections

Information about the distributors of the dataset

Information about the owner organisation

Organisation name 15.29.376 Name of the owner organisation

European Environment Agency

Individual name 15.29.375 Name contact person in the owner organisation

Chris Steenmans

Position name 15.29.377 Position of the contact person in the owner organisation

Project manager

Role 15.29.379 Always “Owner” role Owner

Address: Delivery point 15.29.378.389.381

Address line for the location Kongens Nytorv 6

Address: City 15.29.378.389.382

City of the location Copenhagen

Address: State, Province 15.29.378.389.383

State, province of the location

Address: Postal code 15.29.378.389.384

Postal code of the location 1050

Distribution information

Owner 1

Address: Country 15.29.378.389.385

Country of the location Denmark



43

Address: E-mail 15.29.378.389.386

The electronic mail address of the owner organisation or individual

[email protected]




Portuguese Environment Agency (APA)


Luís Baltazar


GIS manager



Address line for the location Rua da Murgueira, 9/9A.

Address: City 15.29.378.389.382

City of the location Amadora



-


Postal code of the location 2610-124


Country of the location Portugal

Owner 2

Address: E-mail 15.29.378.389.386





Owner 3


Mário Caetano



44


Project manager



Address line for the location Rua Artilharia Um, 107

Address: City 15.29.378.389.382

City of the location Lisbon







Address: E-mail 15.29.378.389.386


[email protected]

Information about intellectual creator (person and/or organisation with intellectual rights) of the dataset

Organisation name 15.29.376 Name of the creating organisation


Individual name 15.29.375 Name contact person in the creating organisation

Mário Caetano

Position name 15.29.377 Position of the contact person in the creating organisation

Project manager

Role 15.29.379 Always “Originator” role Originator

Originator





45

Address: City 15.29.378.389.382








Address: E-mail 15.29.378.389.386

The electronic mail address of the originator/creator organisation or individual

[email protected]

The technical producer or processor of the data

Organisation name 15.29.376 Name of the processor organisation


Individual name 15.29.375 Name contact person in the processor organisation

Mário Caetano

Position name 15.29.377 Position of the contact person in the processor organisation

Project manager

Role 15.29.379 Always “Processor” role Processor



Address: City 15.29.378.389.382






Processor

Address: Country 15.29.378.385




46

Address: E-mail 15.29.378.389.386

The electronic mail address of the processor organisation or individual

[email protected]

The organisation distributing the data

Organisation name 15.29.376 Name of the distributor organisation


Individual name 15.29.375 Name contact person in the distribution organisation

Luís Baltazar

Position name 15.29.377 Position of the contact person in the distributor organisation

GIS manager

Role 15.29.379 Always “Distributor” role Distributor



Address: City 15.29.378.389.383




-

Address: Postal code 15.29.378.385




Distributor 1

Address: E-mail 15.29.378.389.382

The electronic mail address of the distributor organisation or individual




Distributor 2


Mário Caetano



47


Project manager




Address: City 15.29.378.389.383








Address: E-mail 15.29.378.389.382


[email protected]

Defines access rights for the dataset

Type of constraint 20.70 The type of access right applied to assure the protection of privacy or intellectual property, and any special restriction or limitations on obtaining the resource.

005 (Licence - formal regulation of user rights)

Access rights

Restriction 20.72 Description of the restriction of the access right.

Other aspects explaining the dataset

Other dataset information

Language 15.39 Language used within the dataset

EN



48

Format name 15.32.285 Name of the used exchange format for the dataset

ESRI GDB

Format version 15.32.286 Version of the used exchange format for the dataset

9.3

Methodology description 18.81.83 General explanation of the data producer’s knowledge about how the geometry was constructed/derived and how the attribute information being part of the dataset was generated.

CHA06_PT was produced by visual comparison of IMAGE2006 and IMAGE2000. All changes fulfilling the mapping criteria (> 5 ha, > 100 m boundary displacement) have been delineated.

Changes 18.EEAChanges

Description of the changes since last version of the dataset

-

Information about the event in the creation process of the dataset

Description 18.81.84.87 Description of the process step including related parameters or tolerance

Step1: Delineation of changes in land cover and land use (LULC) by visual comparison of satellite images from 2000 (IMAGE2000) and 2006 (IMAGE2006). This delineation is made taking into account the geometry of CLC00_PT. Software used: InterChange sw package under ArcView 3.2

Source data reference title

18.81.84.91.360

Name of the resource used in process step

IMAGE2000 data: Ortho-corrected Landsat ETM+ imagery. Pixel size: 25 m

Source data reference date

18.81.84.91.362

Date of the resource used in process step

Date range: 06/24 – 09/05 2000.


18.81.84.91.360


IMAGE2006 data: LISIII and Spot 4&5, pixel size: 20 m.


18.81.84.91.362


Date range: 06/24/2005 – 15/15/2007 (Spring and Summer data)

Process steps


18.81.84.91.360




49


18.81.84.91.362



Step2: Internal verification


Step3: External verification by ETC-LUSI (European Topic Centre for Land Use and Spatial Information


Step4: Merging of adjacent map sheets.

Scale 15.38.60.57 Gives a rough value of accuracy of the dataset; e.g. 2500000 means dataset has an accuracy suitable for use at scale 1:2.5 million at best

100 000

Geographic accuracy 15.38.61 Geographic accuracy of location, ground distance as an value in meters

100

Geographic position bounding box of the dataset

West bound longitude 15.42.336.344

Western-most coordinate of the limit of the dataset extent, expressed in longitude in decimal degrees (positive east)

-9,114382

Geographic box

East bound longitude 15.42.336.345

Eastern-most coordinate of the limit of the dataset extent, expressed in longitude in decimal degrees (positive east)

-9,114382



50

South bound latitude 15.42.336.346

Southern-most coordinate of the limit of the dataset extent, expressed in latitude in decimal degrees (positive north)

42,144757

North bound latitude 15.42.336.347

Northern-most coordinate of the limit of the dataset extent, expressed in latitude in decimal degrees (positive north)

42,144757



51


Metadata of CLC00_PTMetadata of CLC00_PTMetadata of CLC00_PTMetadata of CLC00_PT



53



Revised CORINE Land Cover 2000 map of Continental Portugal



54

EEA Field name


ISO Numb

er

EEA Description CLC00_PT



Organisation name 8.376 Responsible organisation name Portuguese Geographic Institute (IGP)



Project manager


Production



Address: State, Province 8.378.383 State, province of the location



Point of contact


[email protected]

Last modified

9 Date of the last modification of

the metadata (YYYYMMDD)

20090714

Name of standard



Version of standard


EEA-MSGI 1.1



55


Title 15.24.360 Title of the dataset CLC00_PT

Alternative title 15.24.361 Alternative titles of the dataset Revised CORINE Land Cover 2000 map of Continental Portugal

Brief Abstract

15.EEABriefAbstract

Brief abstract explaining in short the content of the dataset

Revised CORINE Land Cover 2000 map of Continental Portugal is a land use and land cover (LULC) map with vector format, a minimum mapping unit (MMU) of 25 ha and a nomenclature with 44 classes.

Abstract


The revised CORINE Land Cover 2000 map of Continental Portugal (CLC00_PT) was produced by the Remote Sensing Unit of the Portuguese Geographic Institute (IGP), in the framework of the Global Monitoring for Environment and Security Land Fast Track Service Precursor (GMES Land FTSP). GMES Land FTSP is an initiative created by the European Environment Agency (EEA) and European Commission (EC). GMES Land FTSP for Continental Portugal was funded by the EEA, IGP and Portuguese Environment Agency (APA). CLC00_PT is a land use and land cover (LULC) map with vector format, a minimum mapping unit (MMU) of 25 ha and an a priori hierarchical nomenclature. This nomenclature has three levels and 44 classes at the third and most detailed level. This map was produced by revising the original CLC2000-PT database, which was done in parallel with the production of the CORINE Land Cover Changes 2000-2006 map of Continental Portugal (CHA06_PT). The later was produced within the same project. The geometric accuracy of the map is better than 100m.


Land use and land cover (LULC), CORINE Land Cover, Revised CLC2000, Global Monitoring for Environment and Security Land Fast Track Service Precursor (GMES Land FTSP), Portugal

Topic category 15.41 A predefined ISO category. 010 (imageryBaseMapsEarthCover)





56

Reference date 15.24.362.394

Date of last modification to the dataset (YYYYMMDD)

20090714


Name 13.196.207

Name of reference system PT-TM06/ETRS89


Name 13.192.207

Name of datum D_ETRS_1989


Name 13.191.207

Name of ellipsoid GRS80

Semi-major axis 13.193.202

Radius of the equatorial axis of the ellipsoid

6378137

Axis units 13.193.203

Units of the semi-major axis Meter

Ellipsoid

Flattening ratio 13.193.204

Ratio of the difference between the equatorial and polar radii of the ellipsoid to the equatorial radius when the numerator is set to 1

1 / 298,257 222 101


Name 13.190.207

Name of projection Transverse_Mercator

Zone 13.194.216

Unique identifier for grid zone

Reference system

Projection

Standard parallel 13.194.217

Line of constant latitude at which the surface of Earth and the plane or developable surface intersect



57

Longitude of Central Meridian

13.194.218

Line of longitude at the centre of a map projection generally used as the basis for constructing the projection

-8,133108


13.194.219

Latitude chosen as the origin of rectangular coordinates for a map projection

39,668258

False easting 13.194.220

Value added to all “x” values in the rectangular coordinates for a map projection. This value frequently is assigned to eliminate negative numbers. Expressed in the unit of measure identified in planar coordinate units

False northing 13.194.221

Value added to all “y” values in the rectangular coordinates for a map projection. This value frequently is assigned to eliminate negative numbers. Expressed in the unit of measure identified in planar coordinate units


13.194.222

Units of false northing and false easting

Scale factor at equator 13.194.223

Ratio between physical distance and corresponding map distance, along the equator

1,000000


13.194.224

Longitude of the point of projection for azimuthal projections


13.194.225

Latitude of the point of projection for azimuthal projections



58



Organisation name 15.29.376 Name of the owner organisation European Environment Agency


Chris Steenmans


Project manager



Address line for the location Kongens Nytorv 6

Address: City 15.29.378.389.382

City of the location Copenhagen




Postal code of the location 1050


Country of the location Denmark

Owner 1

Address: E-mail 15.29.378.389.386


[email protected]



Organisation name 15.29.376 Name of the owner organisation Portuguese Environment Agency (APA)


Luís Baltazar


Owner 2


GIS manager



59




Address: City 15.29.378.389.382



State, province of the location -





Address: E-mail 15.29.378.389.386



Organisation name 15.29.376 Name of the owner organisation Portuguese Geographic Institute (IGP)


Mário Caetano


Head of the Remote Sensing Unit




Address: City 15.29.378.389.382




Owner 3





60



Address: E-mail 15.29.378.389.386


[email protected]





Mário Caetano






Address: City 15.29.378.389.382








Originator

Address: E-mail 15.29.378.389.386

The electronic mail address of the originator/creator organisation or individual

[email protected]

Processor The technical producer or processor of the data



61




Mário Caetano






Address: City 15.29.378.389.382






Address: Country 15.29.378.385


Address: E-mail 15.29.378.389.386

The electronic mail address of the processor organisation or individual

[email protected]





Luís Baltazar


GIS manager




Distributor 1

Address: City 15.29.378.389.383




62


State, province of the location -





Address: E-mail 15.29.378.389.382






Mário Caetano






Address: City 15.29.378.389.383








Distributor 2

Address: E-mail 15.29.378.389.382


[email protected]

Access Defines access rights for the dataset



63


005 (Licence - formal regulation of user rights) rights




EN


ESRI GDB


9.3


CLC00_PT was produced by correcting boundary displacements and thematic errors in the original CLC2000-PT version.

Changes 18.EEAChanges

Description of the changes since last version of the dataset

CLC00_PT was produced by correcting boundary displacements and thematic errors in the original CLC2000-PT version.



Process steps

Description 18.81.84.87

Description of the process step including related parameters or tolerance

Step1: Visual interpretation of IMAGE2000 for correction of geometric and thematic errors in the original CLC2000-PT version. Software used: InterChange sw package under ArcView 3.2



64


18.81.84.91.360


IMAGE2000 data: Ortho-corrected Landsat ETM+ imagery. Pixel size: 25 m.


18.81.84.91.362


Date range: 06/24 – 09/05 2000.



Step2: Internal verification



Step3: External verification by ETC-LUSI (European Topic Centre for Land Use and Spatial Information)



Step4: Merging of adjacent map sheets.

Scale 15.38.60.57

Gives a rough value of accuracy of the dataset; e.g. 2500000 means dataset has an accuracy suitable for use at scale 1:2.5 million at best

100 000


100


West bound longitude 15.42.336.344

Western-most coordinate of the limit of the dataset extent, expressed in longitude in decimal degrees (positive east)

-9,681687

Geographic box

East bound longitude 15.42.336.345

Eastern-most coordinate of the limit of the dataset extent, expressed in longitude in decimal degrees (positive east)

-6,162900



65

South bound latitude 15.42.336.346

Southern-most coordinate of the limit of the dataset extent, expressed in latitude in decimal degrees (positive north)

42,163448

North bound latitude 15.42.336.347

Northern-most coordinate of the limit of the dataset extent, expressed in latitude in decimal degrees (positive north)

39,549549



67


Metadata of CLC06Metadata of CLC06Metadata of CLC06Metadata of CLC06_PT_PT_PT_PT



69



CORINE Land Cover 2006 map of Continental Portugal



70

EEA Field name


ISO Number EEA Description CLC06_PT



Organisation name 8.376 Responsible organisation name




Project manager


Production



Address: State, Province

8.378.383 State, province of the location



Point of contact


[email protected]

Last modified

9 Date of the last modification of

the metadata (YYYYMMDD)

20090714


Name of standard




71

Version of standard


EEA-MSGI 1.1


Title 15.24.360 Title of the dataset CLC06_PT

Alternative title 15.24.361 Alternative titles of the dataset CORINE Land Cover 2006 map of Continental Portugal

Brief Abstract

15.EEABriefAbstract Brief abstract explaining in short the content of the dataset

CORINE Land Cover 2006 map of Continental Portugal is a land use and land cover (LULC) map with vector format, a minimum mapping unit (MMU) of 25 ha and a nomenclature with 44 classes.


Abstract


The CORINE Land Cover 2006 map of Continental Portugal (CLC06_PT) was produced by the Remote Sensing Unit of the Portuguese Geographic Institute (IGP), in the framework of the Global Monitoring for Environment and Security Land Fast Track Service Precursor (GMES Land FTSP). GMES Land FTSP is an initiative created by the European Environment Agency (EEA) and European Commission (EC). GMES Land FTSP for Continental Portugal was funded by the EEA, IGP and Portuguese Environment Agency (APA).

CLC06_PT is a land use and land cover (LULC) map with vector format, a minimum mapping unit (MMU) of 25 ha and an a priori hierarchical nomenclature. This nomenclature has three levels and 44 classes at the third and most detailed level.

This map was generated by integrating two other maps produced within the same project, in a Geographic Information System (GIS): the CORINE Land Cover Changes 2000-2006 map of Continental Portugal (CHA06_PT) and the revised CORINE Land Cover 2000 map of Continental Portugal (CLC00_PT).

The geometric accuracy of the map is better than 100m and its estimated overall accuracy is 90,2%, with an absolute precision of 1,3 at the 95% confidence level.



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Land use and land cover (LULC), CORINE Land Cover, CLC2006, Global Monitoring for Environment and Security Land Fast Track Service Precursor (GMES Land FTSP), Portugal

Topic category 15.41 A predefined ISO category 010 (imageryBaseMapsEarthCover)


Reference date 15.24.362.394 Date of last modification to the dataset (YYYYMMDD)

20090714


Name 13.196.207 Name of reference system PT-TM06/ETRS89


Name 13.192.207 Name of datum D_ETRS_1989


Name 13.191.207 Name of ellipsoid GRS80

Semi-major axis 13.193.202 Radius of the equatorial axis of the ellipsoid

6378137

Axis units 13.193.203 Units of the semi-major axis Meter

Ellipsoid

Flattening ratio 13.193.204 Ratio of the difference between the equatorial and polar radii of the ellipsoid to the equatorial radius when the numerator is set to 1

1 / 298,257 222 101


Name 13.190.207 Name of projection Transverse_Mercator

Zone 13.194.216 Unique identifier for grid zone

Reference system

Projection

Standard parallel 13.194.217 Line of constant latitude at which the surface of Earth and the plane or developable surface intersect



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Longitude Of Central Meridian

13.194.218 Line of longitude at the centre of a map projection generally used as the basis for constructing the projection

-8,133108


13.194.219 Latitude chosen as the origin of rectangular coordinates for a map projection

39,668258

False easting 13.194.220 Value added to all “x” values in the rectangular coordinates for a map projection. This value frequently is assigned to eliminate negative numbers. Expressed in the unit of measure identified in planar coordinate units

False northing 13.194.221 Value added to all “y” values in the rectangular coordinates for a map projection. This value frequently is assigned to eliminate negative numbers. Expressed in the unit of measure identified in planar coordinate units


13.194.222 Units of false northing and false easting

Scale factor at equator 13.194.223 Ratio between physical distance and corresponding map distance, along the equator

1,000000


13.194.224 Longitude of the point of projection for azimuthal projections



74


13.194.225 Latitude of the point of projection for azimuthal projections




European Environment Agency


Chris Steenmans


Project manager


Address: Delivery point 15.29.378.389.381 Address line for the location Kongens Nytorv 6

Address: City 15.29.378.389.382 City of the location Copenhagen


15.29.378.389.383 State, province of the location

Address: Postal code 15.29.378.389.384 Postal code of the location 1050

Address: Country 15.29.378.389.385 Country of the location Denmark

Owner 1

Address: E-mail 15.29.378.389.386 The electronic mail address of the owner organisation or individual

[email protected]






Owner 2


Luís Baltazar



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GIS manager


Address: Delivery point 15.29.378.389.381 Address line for the location Rua da Murgueira, 9/9A.

Address: City 15.29.378.389.382 City of the location Amadora


15.29.378.389.383 State, province of the location -

Address: Postal code 15.29.378.389.384 Postal code of the location 2610-124

Address: Country 15.29.378.389.385 Country of the location Portugal






Mário Caetano




Address: Delivery point 15.29.378.389.381 Address line for the location Rua Artilharia Um, 107

Address: City 15.29.378.389.382 City of the location Lisbon






[email protected]

Owner 3



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Mário Caetano










Originator

Address: E-mail 15.29.378.389.386 The electronic mail address of the originator/creator organisation or individual

[email protected]

The technical producer or processor of the data




Mário Caetano





Processor




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Address: Country 15.29.378.385 Country of the location Portugal

Address: E-mail 15.29.378.389.386 The electronic mail address of the processor organisation or individual

[email protected]





Luís Baltazar



Address: Delivery point 15.29.378.389.382 Address line for the location Rua da Murgueira, 9/9A.

Address: City 15.29.378.389.383 City of the location Amadora


15.29.378.389.384 State, province of the location -

Address: Postal code 15.29.378.385 Postal code of the location 2610-124


Distributor 1

Address: E-mail 15.29.378.389.382 The electronic mail address of the distributor organisation or individual




Distributor 2


Mário Caetano



78








Address: Postal code 15.29.378.385 Postal code of the location 1099-052


Address: E-mail 15.29.378.389.382 The electronic mail address of the distributor organisation or individual

[email protected]

Defines access rights for the dataset


005 (Licence - formal regulation of user rights)

Access rights




EN


ESRI GDB



9.3



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CLC06_PT database was derived by combining CHA06_PT with CLC00_PT and generalising the areas smaller than 25 ha. In areas that did not change between 2000 and 2006, CLC06_PT equals CLC00_PT.

Changes 18.EEAChanges Description of the changes since last version of the dataset

-



Step1: Union of CHA06_PT with CLC00_PT, in a Geographic Information System.


18.81.84.91.360 Name of the resource used in process step

-


18.81.84.91.362 Date of the resource used in process step

-



-



-



-



-

Process steps


Step2: Generalisation of areas smaller than 25 ha.



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Step3: Thematic accuracy assessment with 4200 sampling units.


-


-

Scale 15.38.60.57 Gives a rough value of accuracy of the dataset; e.g. 2500000 means dataset has an accuracy suitable for use at scale 1:2.5 million at best

100 000


100


West bound longitude 15.42.336.344 Western-most coordinate of the limit of the dataset extent, expressed in longitude in decimal degrees (positive east)

-9,681687

East bound longitude 15.42.336.345 Eastern-most coordinate of the limit of the dataset extent, expressed in longitude in decimal degrees (positive east)

-6,162900

Geographic box

South bound latitude 15.42.336.346 Southern-most coordinate of the limit of the dataset extent, expressed in latitude in decimal degrees (positive north)

42,163448



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North bound latitude 15.42.336.347 Northern-most coordinate of the limit of the dataset extent, expressed in latitude in decimal degrees (positive north)

39,549549

Documents

CORINE Land Cover 2006 for Continental PortugalPortugalmapas.dgterritorio.pt/atom-dgt/pdf-cous/CLC2006/... · CORINE Land Cover 2006 for Continental Portugal i Caetano et al., 2009