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Scholars' Mine Scholars' Mine
Bachelors Theses Student Theses and Dissertations
1916
Oils and flotation Oils and flotation
Clarence Eugene Peterson
Charles Yancey Clayton
Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarsmine.mst.edu/bachelors_theses
Part of the Metallurgy Commons
Department: Materials Science and Engineering Department: Materials Science and Engineering
Recommended Citation Recommended Citation Peterson, Clarence Eugene and Clayton, Charles Yancey, "Oils and flotation" (1916). Bachelors Theses. 141. https://scholarsmine.mst.edu/bachelors_theses/141
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OILS AND FLOTATION.
BY
CHARLES YANCEY CLAYTON {Ii "'1
AT:D
CLARENCE EUGENE PETERSON.
A
Tm~~1S
submitted to the faculty of the
SCHOOL OF l.:IllES AND :METAI'LURG~ OF THE UN1VgnSI TOY Oob' lliS30UR1 ~ /, 1
in partial fulfillment of the work Tequired for the
Degree of
}'~TALLl1ItG1CAL ENGINEER
AND
BACHELOR 0]' SCIENCE IN l\m~TA1LURGY
Bolla,Mo.
1916.
Approved by ,~£/~~?-~---,;",?,.....;:d~ __ _
Assooiate Professor of l!etallurgy and O%t Dressing.
19720
1
-r~. ~ ~ 7C;-~. r ~ . '.J
II ..!.-z:~. ('I / Ie>
Oob' COn'I'EJ~TS.
Introauction ••••••••••.•...••.......•......• ~age 1.
Properties of Oils............... . . . . • . . . • •• " 3.
Classification of Oils •••.••..••••.........• " 3.
Classifiea tion of Oils (j,1'lota ti ve vhlue)..... 11 4.
Flotation Lachine Used wltl_ data ••••.••••••• 11 4.
Flotation ~achinft Diagram •.•••••..•••••••••• " 5.
011a Uaed-llanJe and ;)ouro~ •••..••........•.•• "
Or. Used wi th Soreen Analya is. • • • • • • • • . • • • •. "
Tabulatea Flotation Results showing the Values
o~ Varioua Oils ••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• "
Cona'lua1on wi th ~)ta temer~t or jTew Problems ••• "
Experiment no.l. (statement of Problem) •••••• If
Dielectrio Constanta by Soh1undt •••••••.•.•.• "
Dieleatria CODatallta-Smi thsonian Physiaal Tab~
Dielectria Conatants- IJ.B.&1l.Tabel1en •.••••• "
Data for C onalnsi on of Expt .1 •••••••••••. e • •• "
Conclusion of Experin,8nt .1 •.••••••••. e ••••• "
Experiment 1I0.8.CStatement of Problem)' ••••• "
Experiment No.8. (Tabulate d Data) •••••••••••• "
F.xperirllent No.8.(Curves showing quantitative
• f.teot of 011a •••••••••••••• '. • • • • • • • • • • • • • •• "
Conoluaion of F..xpt.8 •••••••••••••••••••••••• "
6-12.
13-11.
16-26.
2'7 .. 28.
29.
aO-31.
32.
33.
34.
35.
36.
37-38.
39-40
41.
TA.13J.I~ O~' COl;TBl'l~S.
~Xperi[Ltnlt lTo.10( Jtaterr;fHlt of Problem ••••• J'age 42.
Tabula ted I1'lotEtion TIesnl ts Groupec1 accord-
ing to the Chenda tu '.1rouping, at; follows ;
}1'ixed (Ji1s •••••••••••••••••••••••
Coal Tar Cr.osote~. ............. ]'e tr ole UDl Pr 0 (luc t8 •••••••••••••••
Ess.ntia~ Oila ••••••••••••.••••••
Pine Oils ••••••••••••••••••••••••
Coal Tars ••••••••••••••••••••••••
Wood Tar Oila ••••••••••••••••••••
~ood Creosotes •••••••••••••••••••
Rosin Oils and Resins ••••••••••••
L18cellaneou~ Oils •••••••••••••••
Conolusions to ~x~t.10 •••••••••••.••••••••
" n
II
n
n
"
"
"
" " ,.
43-44.
45.
46.
4'7-49.
50.
51.
52.
53.
54.
55.
56-S8.
INTRODUCTION. Flotation is today attracting the attention
of the metallurgist, chemist, physicist, and intelligent teoh
nioal man in general. The applioation of the process is making
great strines, but the success of it is hindered by the laok of
knowleoge ooncerning the rr:a.ny variables that affect the operation.
A mill may be running smoothly for weeks at a tiDJe when, without
apparent reason, the froth dies and everything goes wrong. Some
times a ohange in the ore does this, sometimes the water supply,
sometimes lubrioating oils get into the sYijtem, and sometimes the
tube-mill ia to blame. It is up to the flotation man to study
these variables more oareful1y and get a better control of them.
We know that the sulphides, or minerals with a metallio
lllstr., oan be noated either with or without oil and that the
oarbonates, silioates, eto., oannot be floated so readily. Why
do oertain oils have the power of selecting oertain mineral.,
Why do oertain 011a produoe a froth? Why do oertain oils give a
watery froth? Why do aome give an ephemeral froth and others 8
tough one? Of the thousands of oils known, only a few classes
have found suooessful applioation in this new prooess. Is it
beoause others will not giva results or is it beoause they have
not been tried?
Among the oils used at the present time are the wood-oils,
the coal-tRrs and their derivatives, water-gas tars an~ deriva
tives, the fixed oils and fatty acids, petroleum products, and
occa~ionally an essential oil. By a study of these groups and
the oils available in each group it will be seen that only a
small percentage of the various oils is in use. 7fuy is one oil
better than another?
In buying oils for flotation it proves often that the same
oil, supposedly, gives different resultu. The rl1ethod of manu
facture and the care of an oil before it is used play important
parts in suocessful practice. The properties of an oil may vary
by reason of oxidation, exposure to li~ht, or slight differenoes
in the method o.f manufacture, especially the distillation temper
ature in the common flotation-oils. In wood-oils the oomposition
may vary with the speoies of wood from which it is obtained.
The t?end of work today seems to be to study flotation from
the standpoint of the ore, ita electro-static oharge (ao-called),
eta •• and from the standpoint of colloidal ohemistry. We believe
that, in adnition, a study of 011s would give a better under
standing of the prooess and of the variables oonoerned, while
also aiding in the solution of certain theories not yet advanced.
This leads us to the question, what property or combination
of properties make oils valuable as flotation agents? Thinking
that a oareful study of oils ano their properties might lead us
to the solution of this problem, we made the ex~eriments herewith
reoorded.
From the scanty literature of the subject it would seem
thB.t the chief faotors are:
1. Di-electrio strength.
2. Optical properties, the power to absorb certain rays.
3. Insulation value.
4. Visoosi ty.
5. 3aponification value.
G. Water-soluble content.
7. Degree to which an oil (as a whole) is ~issolved by
water.
8. Facility to be emulsified.
9. Surface tension.
10. Specifio Bravity.
11. Chemical composition.
In attaoking the problem the first step was to clasaify the
available oils into groups. The oils so far tested cover a
large field and can be divided as follows: }'ixed oils, fatty
acids, essential oils, wood-oils (including the resins), ooa1-
tars and derivatives, water-gas tar an~ derivatives, petroleum
and derivatives.
In making this olasaificntion we realize that aome groups
overlap, that is, oontain like oompounds, but the idea was to
get a classification that would show the source and be easily
understood. In ad~ition to this general olassification, oils
were stlldied in detnil ano technioal artioles abstraoted, giving
a volume of matter too large for publication at this time.
The next step was to olasstfy oils as to their flotation
value. This was aooomplished in test-tube Rnd maohine teats.
By shRking small quantities of oil, water, and ore in * test
tube and noting the aotion, we obtained 8. general ale.saifioation
of oils: frothir.G oilu, 8cJccttve oil::3, oils that froth and
seleot, and oils that are seemingly inactive. The data. were
tabula. ted to ni.a the rnachine teste. The DJf.l.chir;e tests were made
in a modified Hoove! 1:;Rohine, as shown in the accompanying draw
ing. The aapeoi ty of this I:J8ohine wae 4000 00. of water and
800 grams of ore, mak1rlg a ratio !3: 1. The agitator gave 1700
r.p.m. The time of eaoh test wae 20 minutes.
Sinoe making these teats we have found that it is sdvantage
OUB to replaoe the small oiroulation pipe, oonnecting the agita
tor-box and the spitz, with an air-lift. Throughout this work
the only variable was the kind of oil.
I'LOTATION MACHINE UHEJ) IN THE MIHHOlTRI SCHOOL (W MIN};R.
OILS
Our Number Name Company
1 Castor Eimer and Amend.
2 Linnseed (Raw) " " 3 Linnaeed (Boiled) " " 4 lIe a ts :toot " " 6 Olive n n
6 Petroleum n " 7 Rapeseed " n
8 Sperm " " 9 Turpentine n "
10 Turpentine =11=1 " " 11 TurpentirJe 12 " " 12 Toluol " " 12a Xylol MeIer Bros. !rug Co.
13 Almond Meyer Bros. Drug Co.
14 Colza " " 15 Lemon Lo8al Drugg1lt
16 Peanut Meyer Bros. Drug Co.
17 Se.ame • " 18 AlD71 .loetate Looal Druggist
19 Pyro1iginou8 Ao1d " " 20 Oe4ar Wo04 n " 11 Cedsr Wo04(orude) " " 22 01e10 Acia Eimer and Amend
23 Eucalyptul
24 Orange Peel Looal Druggilt
25 01'e8y110 Acid Meyer BroB. Drug Co.
26 Creoaote • •
Our Number
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
3'1
88
39
40
41
42
41
OlLS (Continued)
llame
Corn Oil
China Wood
l1enhaclen (Teoh)
Rape seed
Soya Bean
Menhaden Pure
Poppy 8.ed
ROBin
ROBin
Paraffin
Cottonaeea
cottone •• a (orude)
• (retinecl)
" (residue)
Wine
Mal. fern
PeDn71'01al
010v ••
Oitronella
Oodliver
Sa88afraBB
Origanum
Amber
Kero •• ne
Company
Eimer and Amend
" .. " It
" " " " .. •
" " " II
Meyer Bros. Drug Co.
Eimer and Amend
" . Southern Oot~onae.4 Oil Co.
" " .. ..
Looal Druggist
" . " . • .. " .. " •
" • " •
" • ,. •
Oommeroial !ar Oil 1101'14& Wo04 Product. 00.
Fuel Oil Water'S Pieroe Co.
Our :trurnber
53
54
55
66
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
66
66
67
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
OILS (Continued)
Name
Atlanta Red
Diamond Refined
Standard Heavy Engine
No. 8 Flotation Oil
No. 17
No. 18
No. 28
B-3
" " " "
s. F. Cylinder Oil
Cushing's Crude
Blaok Oil
Tar Oil
No. 7 Sunny South OPT
Pine Oil #6
Refined Tar Oil
Flotation Oil #200
Fla. Oil No. 400
#
#
80 Crude Wood Turps.
15 Special Rosin
# 75 Crude Wood Turps.
# 1680 Speoial Pine Oil
# 360 Crude Wood Oil
Pure Pine Oil (steam refir.ed)
#20 Flotation Oil
I 1 Creo.ate
# 2 ~ixture Creosote al1d Refined Tar
Company
standard Oil
" " "
General Naval stores
It " " "
" tt tt
" " " standard Oil Company
Water's pierce Oil Co.
tt " " sta.ndard Oil
General Naval stor ••
" " " Fla. Wood Products Co.
Pensaoola Tar and Turp. Co.
" tt " " It n
" " It
" at II
" " • " .. "
" " " General Naval stores
Amerioan Tar Products
n " "
Our Number
'19
80
81
82
83
84
86
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
96
96
9'1
OILS (continued)
Name Oompany
#3 Orude Gas House Tar American Tar Produots
14 Crude Water Gas Tar
#6 Orude Coke Oven Tar
#6 Oil from Water Gas Tar
" " "
"
n
II
" Coal Tar froln Gas Oven Laolede Gas Co,., sta. A.
water Gas Tar
Coal Tar
Linseed (Raw) 200 00. Rosin 10 grams
pyroligenous Aoid 20000. Rosin 10 gra.ms
Turpentine 200 co. Roain 10 grams
Ooal Tar Toluol
Turpentine 2/3 O1'8sy1io Aoid 1/3
Turpentine 1/4 Cr8871io Aoid 3/4
Turpentine 2/3 O1'e871io Acid 1/3 ROlin
!ul'pentine 1/4 O1'.8y1io Aoid 3/4 Roain
O1'e.7110 Acid 4/5 Oottonseed (Re.idue) 1/6
Ore.ylio Aoid 3/4 Cottonse.' (Reeidue) 1/4
Cr •• 71io ~oi4 1/2 oaator 1/2
Ore8l11e Acid 3/' !ar (S-Blaok) 1,4
II " public Service Co. Illinois.
Jlade aa Uitta'. :
"
" " 11 n
" "
" "
" "
" II
" "
" "
" "
" "
Our }lumber
98
99
100
101
102
113
104
105
106
10'7
108
109
110
111
112
118
114
11&
116
11'1
118
119
OILS (Continued)
Name
Cre81'l10 Aoid 3/4 Turpentine #1 1/4
Creeyl10 Aoid 3/4 Turpentine #2 1/4
No. 96 ~x. 2/3 No. 88 Mix. 1/3
No. 89 Mix. 1/2 Cresylio Aoid 1/2
Creosote 1/3 ROBin 1/3 Commercial Tar 1/3
Creey1io Aoid 3/10 Cu.hingls Crud. 7/10
Cushingls Crude 7/10 CreoBote 3/10
Cushing's Crude 1/2 ~o. 100 Mix. 1/2
Cushing's Crude 7/10 Cottonseed Residue 3/10
flotation Oil #1
flotation Oil #2
llotation Oil #8
Bittel' Almond
Oumin-Oleum Gumini8
Company
Looa1 Druggist
" "
" "
" "
" "
" "
"
n "
" "
B. 11.. CompaDJ
" •
" " Looa1 Druggist
• " Mnatarl-01eum Sinapis Vol. " " Qubeb-Oleum Cubebae
oajuput " "
Wormwool-01eum Abainthum "
Oroton-Oleum Tig1in
Worma.ea
n
" Bergamot -Oleum Bergame10n "
Caseia-Oleum Cinnamonium II
" .. " II
.. • "
Our Number
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
12'7
128
129
130
131
132
133
134
135
136
13'1
138
139
140
141
142
148
146
146
OILS (Continued)
lame Company
Balsam Copeiba
Balsam of Peru
Looal Druggist
" Beeohwood Creosote (Pure) "
Beeohwood Creosote (Crude) "
Spearmint
Rue
Verbena
B1aok Pepper
Sandalwood
Sweet Orange
It
" "
" " "
1t
" It
" "
" " " "
Pyroligneous Aoid
Commercial Tar Oil
Florida Wood Products Co.
Tar
Wood Creosote Oil #xx
Wood Creosote Oil #3
Speoial llotation Oil
n " " " " "
Cleveland Cliffs Iron Co.
" " " " " "
#'7 Special Pine Tar Oil General Naval storea.
A 11 United Naval store ••
A 12
B 12
C 15
B 14
Pine Oil H
n
" " II
II
" " " •
" "
" " "
Wo04 CreoBote Oil #1 Olev.lana Cl1ffa Iron Co.
Phenolio Aci4(Woo4 Pulp by-products) S. D. Warren Co. Boston.
#90 Tar Oil Refined Peneaoola Tar & Turp. Co.
OILS (oontinued)
Our Number Name Company
147 1/=750 Special Tar Oil Pensaoo1a Tar & Turp. Co.
148 #200 Refilled Creosote Oil " " " 149 Auetra101e Georgia Pine Turpentine Co.
150 Carolina Tar Oil " " " 151 Pine Wood Spirits & Turp. " " " 152 Calo1 A Standard Oil Co.
153 Calol B " "
154 Calol C " " 155 Pineole Soluble Georgia Pine Turpentine Co.
166 Oarolina Ref. Pine Tar n " " 157 Flotation 011 #2 " n " 168 Flotation Oil #B " " " 169 Flotation Oil 11 " " " 160 Carolina Tar Oil Speoia.l " " " 161 OreoBot. Oil " " " 162 Cannel 00a1 Tar " " "
ORE USED. In teats numberea Dl to DI09 an ore composed of
dolomite and galena. was employed. It gave the folJ.owing
soreen analysis:
Through On Weight Cumu- Total mesh Inesh Lb. % lative Lead lead
% % % 1 65 80 16.25 3.25 3.25 5.34 4.30
2 80 100 33.50 6.70 9.95 4.49 7.35
3 100 115 17.70 3.54 13.49 3.35 2.90
4 115 150 54.53 10.91 24.40 3.69 9.66
5 150 170 34.40 6.88 31.28 3.47' 6.65
6 1'10 200 64.50 12.90 44.18 3.1'1 9.'15
'I 200 220 2.00 4.40 44.58 3.43 0.34
8 220 240 11.92 2.~8 46.96 3.065 1.83
9 240 260 57.70 11.54 58.50 3.47 9.65
10 260 ••• 207.50 41.50 100.00 4.63 48.60 600.00 100.00 100.92
standard screens were used.
In tests DII0 to DISJr we used similar ore. It gave the
following soreen analysis:
CUDlU- Total lative lead
Through On "'eight IJead mesh mesh Lb. a; % % %
1 •• 65 1.0 0.20 0.20 20.22 0.885
2 66 80 3.7 0.74 0.94 5.90 0.955
3 80 100 23.6 . 4.72 5.66 7.62 8.000
4 100 115 28.9 5.78 11.44 4.65 6.875
£) 115 1nO 61.2 12.24 23.68 3.45 9.240
6 160 170 47.7 9.54 33.2.2 3.00 6.300
7 1'10 200 146.4 29.28 62.50 3.22 20.700
8 200 220 • • • • • • ••••• 62.50 •••• • •••••
9 220 240 4.2 0.84 63.34 3.61 0.663
10 240 260 59.0 11.80 75.14 4.25 10.960
11 260 ••• 124.3 24.86 100.00 6.72 36.550
500.00 100.00 100.128
The r •• n1t8 of the maohine-tests are given in tabular form.
Machine ____ . ______ .. _ Missomi School of Mines and Metallurgy OP~RATING DATA.
Experimenter .. ________ .. _ FLOTATION LABORATORY.
I=:=::::::==:::::::==~:==:::~-=-~==::=.= _. __________________ ._. ___ .... ___ ........ ___ ... __ ....... _ ........................ _ ......... __ ._ ..... _________ .... _ .......... __ ............. _ .. __ ..... _ .. __ _ ORE ............ --- - ........ -_. ----... -.- ................. .
I OIL IREAGENTSI FROTH I REMARKS. ~nC4.t'J-rI'tt-re RESULTS IOi' Vglve
TestNo No.1 Amt. I Kind. Kind IAmt. Kind IAmt. Wt. Per Ct. ~IPer Ct. I Wt. /per Ct. PIP Q* ik l
:;::~~j~~~;~I::~;:;I=I=:I=:~ ~::::~=::~_~::~~:~:::: =_~ ~==_ ~_~~~ ~~_~~=~~~:~~~ ...... 7...~ ....... ~ ...... !... ........ : ... ~.~!]~~~@9.~ _._. __ ............ ------.- .. & .... _:rmc1i~.ly. ... ~~tb.-........... -----.. - .... 1: .. ~_. _~_~_H __ ..... m ....... _ ......... __ ............ _ ..... _. __ ......... __ ..... §.::_-= .. ~_
.. :P~. _.4 .... ~ ......... :.. J\t.Q-r~t: .............. _ .. _ .. __ -.......... -........ --- ... N'L .. -lhin .. oiLfil-ttL ..................................... __ ~.:_.;L __ ~5.~~ -.. -... --- ---.-... __ .. _ .. _ .. ____ ......... _ .. _ .. __ ~-=-~~ __ _ _ .""J?s: . .... 5. ..... ~ .... -.... : .... C>.1!1lc.: ....................... -.-... -.-- .......... - ---.-.. _- .. -~ ..... ~Ja.fbt:-skLUn..--- ...................... -.......... _.~ ... z.... §.-~Yll ......... -.--.... -... -..... -- -.......... _- -.............. __ ..3..=_~ .. __ .. .
...... :P~ .. -.. J? .... ~ .. __ ..... ~_ Yetrol~M.m. ...... --_.--- .... ---.- -._-.- .. ~ ..... -.Qa-¥lm; .. 1t0Cld .. 6e.l2e1Q~ ......... . ~~:L .. 11D~~1-.-...... --.. -.. -...... --- ............ --.. _ .. __ .. __ ... _1_=~
--;:-:~~2-~~E':--~.~ -==:~::~:~~:~~~~~ ~s:;: ~=::= ~~~:=== ::~::=: ~i!~ _ 'JI~?_ .... , .. ~ .. _ ~ .. __ ...... : ~_r~.dkqe~l_ .. ____ .. ___ .. ~i'ttr.. ~ .-~-ap.huPJcml""4J(t,.--fmt11 ..... _1.1.2 ____ ~5..t~ ........... --.. -........ -.................. __ . _ .......... __ .. 4.=-~ .. ___ _
_ ~I it? _JL. ~ .. _ .. __ ~ ~_r_pt.nrine~g ___ .. _ .. __ ty;tr; ~;tti_ ------__ ... --...... -------.......... _..........._.l:.~ _.5.:0_\.1.... .. - ................... ___ .. __ .. _ .. _ .......... _ .. _ .......... _ ....... --~_=_..sQ .. __
._ .. _~1.! . .J.~ __ .(., .... _ ...... ~ .1.oLuol .................... _ .. _ .. ____ .. _ .ldG-Y..iti_ J/uy-.:ltbn .. fnltL .... ----.......... ---...... -- ..ni.. St~l_ ................ _ ............ __ ............. _ .. __ .......... __ .. ~ .. :_~._
.. J.? n _ J~ .. _ .:( .......... ~ ... Almand.. ...... --- --...... --- ............ :yitrL yt1t.4 .. .6ma.lLblhldts.;_tti'.y .. _c14r.k. ......... -lL. -fi~-e-- -.......... -................................. __ "_"_' --.l:--.f1 ___ ._ .. ' .. _ .. 1+ __ ...... _ .... _ .... ~ .................. __ ................................................................................................................. ______ .......... _ .. ____ .. ,,_,,_ ............. ___ .... _ .................... ___ . ___ .... __ .. __ .. ____ . _____ _
._~ .. :~!:!~-_~~ .. :::.~:~:~Q.G ..... -...... -_ .......... -.............. 'I.c&ht . tg:~r... .. :1hin ... f.p.h~m-~.r.CllJ~Q.-tb. __ .. _ ............ _1d:.~ ~&.-~. _m ... _m ...... -.. --.. : .. _____ .... _______ . __ . -i[:-'tt ... ___ _
Machine. _________ .. _ Missouri School of Mines and Metallurgy OPERATING DATA.
Experimenter .. _______ ._ .. _ FLOTATION LABORATORY.
'==::::==::=:::===:=:::::====.:: _ ................ _ .......... _-_ ....... - -_ ....... __ ._. __ ........ _----"-_ ......... _-_._--.......... _ ...... _ .... -................ _ ......... -.. _ ........ _-_ ................... _ .......... -ORE
I OIL IREAGENTS\ FROTH I REMARKS Ie n-rm RESULTS IQ~I ~llIe TestNo No.1 Amt. I Kind. Kind jAmt. Kind IAmt. . Wt. Per Ct. ~IPer Ct.I~IPer Ct.IPa m: Wlz ••
_J!~ __ L~_I::,: __ Jr __ "",r::I ____ .I_1 ~ .... !lI\lt£y.Id1ta.(.n>tI{--------.. -- £b.L 1.0..'£ -- -. --- -_._. _ .£..::..1! __ _
_ 'Pit? ... ~.1 .... (.. .. _ ....... _ .2~m.~ .......... _ ........... _ .......... - ... :P..~ .. _ .. :.P.! ............... J2~ ... _ ...... __ ._. __ ...... __ ...................... _4 .•. 11 ... .h.1: .. ~.1_ ...... ___ .............................. -. -.. -.... _. -~ .. =__~J ......... _
_ .1!.!1 ... ...1.& ... ~ ... _ ....... _ " m.yl...a~. _ .......... - ............ . _.:'Z!._ ... ~.~ _~o.d .... tp-hunemL~t17._._ .. _._ .J:1:&.Q. ~S.4Z. .. -............. -............................... _. _ ........... __ ..Is..~ ... _
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Maehine. _________ ._ .. Missouri School of Mines and Metallurgy OPERATING DATA.
Experimenter .. _______ .. _ FLOTATION LABORATORY.
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TestNo No.1 Amt. I Kind. Kind IAmt. Kind IAmt. . Wt. Per Ct. ~IPer ct.I~IPer Ct. Pcr Ot E.t.
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Experimenter .. ________ ... _ FLOTATION LABORATORY. 1 ___ '1 __ _
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TestNo No.1 Amt. I Kind. Kind IAmt.1 Kind IAmt.1 I Wt. Per Ct.~iPer Ct.1 Wt. !Per CdF;;' ¥t iit:
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Machine ____ . ____ ... _ Missouri School of Mines and Metallurgy OPERATING DATA.
Experimenter .. _______ .. _ FLOTATION LABORATORY. I
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Machine. ____ . ______ ._
Experimenter .. _______ ._ ... _
Missouri School of Mines and Metallurgy FLOTATION LABORATORY.
OPERATING DATA.
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Machine ________ _ Missouri School of Mines and Metalluriy OPERATING DATA.
Experimenter .. _______ ._._ FLOTATION LABORATORY.
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\ OIL I REAGENTS I FROTH I REMARKS I ConC(l.nlfb.Te I RESULTS 10il Vallie
TestNo No.1 Amt. I Kind. Kind jAmt. Kind IAmt. • Wt. Per Ct. ~IPer Ct.I~IPer Ct. f'a @8! sa
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Machine. ____ . _____ . __ Missouri School of Mines and Metallurgy OPERATING DATA.
Experimenter .. _______ ..... _ FLOTATION LABORATORY.
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I OIL • REAGENTS I FROTH I REMARKS I <!.Otlc.V1tr"tlte I RESULTS I Oil Vall;~
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Maehine __________ _ Missouri School of Mines and Metallurgy OPERATING DATA.
Experimenter .. _______ ._ FLOTATION LABORATORY.
I===::::::::~:~==::::==== __ ...... _____ .. _________ .. __ ._ ..... __ . __ .......... _ .......... __ .......... _ ... _._ ...... _._ ... _. ___ ..... _ ...... _. __ ... _ ORE -.--.. - ... -.-.-----............... . --_ ............... -. -....... -.-~ .. -.--.-.... - _ .......... - --_ .. _--_ ...... _--_ .. ---------- ...... _ ......... ----_ .. __ .... __ .... _-- _ ........ __ . .-...... -... -.. -_. __ ..... _ .. _ ............. _ ........... _ •.... -.. _ ......... _-----
J OIL IREAG~I ~OTH I REMARKS. I (j rnte RESULTS I Oil V4(ve TestNUJ No.1 Amt. I Kind. Kind IAmt.\ Kind IAmt. Wt. Per Ct. _~~-'Per Ct.I~IPer ct. Pl Q.1ML
;P,,,,, --+-----~~ 1_._.1 .. _.1--- ........ --1._--.---.-......... -......... -... -.-.. --.--.............. --....... _ .. _ .... --. -- -_. -"-'.'-- -""_.'--- --_.--- -"-"'- .. -.-. _ _ _ . _ .. ___ . __ .... _ ....... L!...CY~_._ ...... ---.-- -....... - -- ....... -...... _ ..... _._ ......... ___ . _._. ___ ...... ___ ....... _ ............ -.......... -.. - -.... -.--- -."'.'."'-- _ .............................. _ .......... _. _ ......... ____ ._ .. _._
-:;J!74' M .... -.-.-... -.. i.~i ' --.. -- ....... -.- ---............. -_.-.-........ -......... -..... -.-- ..... -.. -... -....... -........ -..... 1·.l)!;L .. :i21.~ .. -.............................. _ ......... _. -.......... -. ... ¥. .. =-Ei:I _
_ _ _ _ ... _ .. _ ....... ___ ... _ ~.~~.~ .. M.L1( ..... _ ..... _ .... _ -..... -.- ---._- _._ ..... _ ...... ___ ._. ___ ........ _ ........ _._ ... _._ ......................... _._ ..... _ -.......... -. -~--.... ____ ...... _ ... _ ... _ .... __ .......... _. __ .... _. __ _
Y'OI 1.ob._.___ ~~h~'i\}.. - ----__ .JI..._ .r{o.{t;£ll1:l1;b'L~elU.t'""- .. - -==. --== -.. -.- --.. -- ---.- ------ -_. _._._ ... _ .... __ ..... _ ... __ .. _ ... _. __ ._. JQ~tdr~.~.. ..-..... -.. -.- ---.-.- ............... _ ..... _._._ .......... _ ............. _ ... _ .............. _ ....... -.-........ - ............... - -........... _- - ...... -- -.......... _____ ... _ .......... __ _
::P_I~~ .~~1 ... ~._.......... j)a~.t.'M~.( ... -......... ___ ............. b;~t_ Yair.. ~hi;a2(il~kmc:.rtJLf:a1h .... -.!.~.,2£. _1:.~.~~ --' ... '-. -............ -. -""-"' __ '. _ ............ _ J.~=~~_._ ~ '.P-?_ ~Q.e ... ~ .. __ .... _ .1o.:O'·!.l~.t.6-.M~ .... ~ ........... _ ............. _ .. :P..~_ .. :P~ ............................ d?!!f:Q............................. .......... . .... S11 .. _.-...... -_ .. -""'.""- -""""'- _ .......... _ .. ___ .. _ ............ _ ......... _._
. -.... - .. -.. -f ... ~ .. .c""_ ----.- -.-.. -. __ ._l... . .. ~t~_7_.\.~"!; . ...".!._"'_\"'~ .............. _!i.L .M.IL. -_. --.-- .. -~ .. --- -- _. ___ ......... .
llll~-:~ .Lh :;:.:~::--~ ~~::=: .::::.::::: ==:~~:::::::~~~~~~~: == =~~: == =~~~=-:~~-== ==-~~ ==::_.:
Machine ____ . ______ _ Missouri" School of Mines and Metallurgy OPERATING DATA.
Experimenter ... __ . ___ . __ ...... _I ______ F_L_o_T_~_T_I_O_N __ L_A_B_O_R_A_T_O_R_y_o ______ I _____ I _____ I ___ _
I~::::::::::=~::::::::::~~=::::::~::::::~::::::::=:=.:: _ ........... ___ ..... _. _____ .. _. ____ . ___ .. _. ___ .... __ ._ ...... __ ............... _._ ...... _ .......... _ ............................. _ ......................... _ .................... _ ............. _ ORE
I OIL ! REAGENTS\ FROTH I REMARKS IC!.oV'le.en-rt'O.T~ I RESULTS 10'" ~'lJe
TestNo No. I Amt. I Kind. I Kind iAmt. Kind IAmt. . Wt. Per Ct.! Wt. jPer ct.1 Wt. jPer Ct. p! 11 L
_-=!:>l'~ .u9.1~_~I<:;:..q,~SIA.I .... _ .... -I-~' -l.A.,J ~-.Il4l~"'~4f.,":th--.............. I2t~.iJ,t 1..[111= = =1 ___ ._. -?~.~..kS_._. 2_"Jo .. H.L .. ~ .... _ ...... ~ .. , .. 'JIr.J..in ......................................... - tt~~ .~~ . .f±~4."Y .. L,Jo.e.~ .. ~--............................... ! . ..!.~9~ .. ~~l~::?.Q. -................................................. -............ -.. I~ .. : .. 1~L .... _
'j?_~.!~t . .u..~ ~ ... _ ....... _ ....... v.s.t~.r:~ ......... _ ........ -- ....... -... -"'-"'-'" ... ~.~. _~~~~.~% ... ~.n .. s.ur¥-~e:.9¥w..Q.t&.~ .. - ... -:= ...... -.. ::=.. -............................................... -. -........... -. . .. ==== ... _ htl'le: . _
)!Iltr . ............ 1' .. --..... - .. M~1gt:~ ........... -................ -........ - .tn)r. . .l4~h ... Wtli.~·9~···~r.P.tb..······················· _ .. ~~.J1Q -~~.:9D. _ ........... - ............. - ............ - ............ -..... ;.!.=_~.~ ..... _
_ _ ... _ ................... --..... - .. J.~!.~.t. ........... __ .... _ .... -- ............ ~;:t;-·· ...................... --..... -............................................................. -......... _ .. -.......... -.................... _ .. _ ...... -.- -........... -- ............. -.- ........... _-............ .
J?1.!.~t .. JJ£. ./ ......... ~. Warrn.Ul.o.QtL ... -.. _ ...... _ ......... -.- Si tll~ Eqi.~ ... ¥~ri.QJi1tl~ .. mj.nc.r:g1.::ep.h~.rQ,l. .... ~ ... 9.~ .4f.,M. .................... - ......... -.- .................. -......... _ ..... 1:.::.:4.1._ . ~ 'I~'Y
J2.J-p .l1~ .... < ........... (!!J.b.~.b .......... _ ...... -.......... _-- ............ b.bl~~. Wo.t~.fmiit.::~i:H.z.~.l.!!ek..slv.rn .. 6U~ .... 1~K4 .. .. 5"Q!J.~ .. . _ ........ _ ............................... -................... -.... .£~_~!2 ..... _
JZ 12--' 1I.i) ... t( ......... ~.. e~.mot ...... - ......... __ ........... - !l!A'3l}f ... -'fa. He.9..~ .. kllQ.~~ ... ftt'-th..................................... . ............. - .. _.~.t.r.l -............ - -............... . .......................... -............... :::.,s.2.. __
.:::Pn:?:" J.k~ .. ~ ............... a.n!"u.('go.L~ . _._ ..... _ ........... _ ...... -._- N.~ ... __ .J~{~_f.e.fZJ!.Jt~ ..... _ .......... _ ....................... -.=::: ....... :::::::::::: ................................................... -................... -_ .. =-::: .. _. _ _ ••• _ ........... _ __ ...... ________ .. ______ ..... __ ••• __ •• _._._ ••• _ ........ _ ........ _ .... n •••• __ ••• __ •••••••••• __ • __ .... _ ••• ___ ................ ______ ••••••• _ .• _ ••• _ ......... _ ••• __ •• _ ......... _ •. __ ......................... _ •• __ ........... ...
~ \~~ ..........•.......... _._ ............. _ ........... -........... ~. _ .......... __ ............... _ .•.... _- ......................................................... _ ... _ ....................................... __ ............... _ .................................... _ .......... _ .............................................. -
-i~~ II: ~~:.:~::~~: .:.~:·1~4 ~~ .. ;:~=,;::=::~e. ~~;;- ~~~:: ~:::- ~:=.:::::::- :~::~~.:: j:.~:_ ~~:I ~:.::~ .. ::::. Q:~:B:::: .. ~.:: ·: ••••••••• I~t :~:;;:~l;~;~:::::::1 :~:~. :::,'~ :::::=.:.:::::: :::::J:~.~=~~:
Machine ____ . _____ ._ ... _ Missouri School of Mines and Metallurgy OPERATING DATA.
Experimenter .. __ . _____ .. _ FLOTATION LABORATORY.
I~::::=::::=~~::::::::::::==:==::~-====.~ _ .......... ___ ... _ ... __ ......... _. __ .... ___ .. _. ___ .......... ___ ........... _ .. _ ............................................ _ .................................................................... _ .................... _ .............. _ ORE
I OIL I REAGENTS I FROTH I REMARKS I (\mcen+ra1-e I RESULTS I Oit Value
TestNo No.1 Amt.1 Kind. Kind iAmt.\ Kind IAmt. . I Wt. Per Ct.i~IPer Ct.I~IPer Ct.IE ? i'
-:JI.. ~~ . !~~I~· __ ,_;:~r:::.:n,I __ ._--.I--I-;;;-;,,-m-~ ... r4c ...... M""'r ... ~""1 J.!1..4s _.:1~"it 1--· -. _m __ ._ -_._._-- --_ .. _- _._I~._,,-102.--
?! ;3_0 • .!.~, ... !... .. _ ...... ~_ JD.e~-:p~~.c ............ - ......... - .uhhJg .&j1tl .OfoM\:.fo~lugfmtl!.; po.i..5tJ.e.C!t.{. ..... I .. ~!.~.b ... ~·td:e ................ .................. ............... .. .......... - ..... ~ .. =--54: .. _ . 'Sn,o.1I . .. J.?~.~.~ .... .1&4 ... :. ... _ ....... _ .~f?ror:!l2u:'ft-................... -- ............ ~ub~!~ l.P..rgt, ... ~!!.g.hT.s.K.v..~.)t ... .f.r.C!tlo;C4.r:ne;s.m.~h.rim,.5],.J.';/l. H.,.O.Q .................................................... _ ............. - ... ~Q .. ::: .. 1.1 __
Ve'f''1, .
;::~_ .~:::~::~::l== ::.~:~= :: ~!~ :~:::!:::~~ ~~~~ :;: ~.:.::~ :::~:= _:::-=:-_: ~:~-: ;~~-:::~~~:;::~~ ::~=::=: i~~::ll=-:t::7:::~=::; ~::~::: -:: •• ::: ::~.:= :.::::::.=--~~=~'t 7,_3j,:>. I..~&. .. :.:-.... _ ............. (>t.I.!.r.~.loJ~:.f.I.~: ............................. J:~?!g.bt ... ~.! ... r.w.!J.p..v.lt~J~,:.C!a.(r:ie.§J11·Q.4t~·fl!'J~ .... Q/1,9. . .... J~S_ .............................................................. __ ....... L.=_gg_ Y., ... ?ll ..!.~?- ~ ..... - ....... J'?t:'lf('alp.(rt ............. __ ............... ~!. .... ~ ... M~f.~.nlm~n;tLjhg.t1..~~H.~: ..................... o.!E£ . .... Z1,.1: . ................................................ _ ................... - .. 1..=-. .. &1_
Y-I~fl .J.~.~ ... _ ....... _ fto.f~~t<atpJ:.~ .............. _ ........... _ .... ~~ ... )?'L v.U)l..~.~.gH .. h\!P.bk§,:.mD.r.~.lY.).I.,;e(p..L .... ~:.4.EL -.. Mi·1··············_· ................................ _ ............. _ ........ ~.'.§._~.&~ '/¢ry
? ~~t J~ .......... __ ... y:r.ttJi~Jat,jWS. . ....... -. __ ............. s';':ii'- ~1ff~ .... .Na .. .r~.u.lt-.s..;. tUJ-. .s.h~ht .. fr.i>.ih ...... =-..... = .. -. .................. ................. ................ . ....................... ==:: ... _
:~;~ :;~m ::~]3-~~:m~:~;~:;~~§§i§~:~~ E ~~:::~:_:~:~ :~~-~~.~~ ~:~
Machine _________ _ Missouri School of Mines and MetaUurlfy OPERATING DATA.
Experimenter .. _______ .. _ FLOTATION LABORATORY.
I=:=::==:==:::~-====:::::==.=:===.= __ .......... __ ._ ...... ___ .......... _. __ ._. ____ . ___ ... ___ ........ ____ ....... _._ ...... _ .... _ .......... _ .... _ ......... _ ........ _. ___ ................... _._ .... __ _ ORE
I OIL I REAGENTS I FROTH I REMARKS. I iii RESULTS 10;1 Val:
TestNo No.1 Amt. I Kind. Kind lAmt.\ Kind IAmt.: Wt. Per Ct. ~IPer Ct.I~IPer Ct.jt etzt
)7.+4 J.~LI~-__ I ........ ~diJ_I_._.I. ___ .~~b ···!8~ ~ad~~;diU-.. ~b.vbb.(C1i lL..9Iz_ ~.JJa. - -_. _ ..... -.- -""'-'--- --.--... -.. Xl=: . .39.-..... _
Y.l4f .~3.:L ~ .... _ ....... _ .B~JL.J!.!_~.~_~~~ _ ......... __ .-.... - "D.JL 1?.! ............. _ .......... ~:.!.1to._. __ ........ __ ._ ................ _ J.~-,-}.2_ .ll...8 __ ..... -- -........................... _ _ ......... _. -L.'-.:::.3!.t ..... _
.~~ .... J..~ ... / .. _ ... _ .... H.1tn~ .. Q~.LJJ.tl.~,. -_ .... - ............ ~¢'-f:!!!: ... J:':. __ mgJl.tp.h.,.!!r~.~k? .......... _ ........ _ .. :i •. 9.K. J.zD-4-~ -_ ............ -................ _ ... _ .... - -........... _~ .... ~-=-b.Q._
. ~~.'1 .. (1~ .. (............. l.[ .. J)~.N !.~.!.~, •.. _ •••• - •••••. _ •• - ...•.•.• - - •• ==--~. .NA.fr:uth;.appatf"Ln1!¥i~~kt _.-=- -=:.- -_ ... _-- _ ...... _-... -...... _- _ ........ __ . ___ ..... _ ........ __
.~.0-~ J..;.~ .... ~ ....... _..... .::l~ .. Q!.N.~~.J:o., .. _ ..... -.-.. - ............ !!l.. k..it.J.~tltttm:tb·~smca.U .. hll.b1?J.e~., ..... -.aa~ . .Al!..Q.. -.-......... - _ ......... _- - .... _ ... __ ........... _. __ .1:4L ...... .
.. "23..~ 11.1... ~ .... _........ . . .14JhNJ .. ~!.Sp., _ .......... _ ......... -.- MU!~ .f<t,~ .... M.et.k~ iau.:kuWalc .. ::· ..................... 9.,J.!.. _~_~.I.~t _ .. _ ..... _- _ ........ -- -.... _ .... _. __ ,, __ .... 9. .. ::-- 60_
7'-S} . .t1:-;}. t............... .oA.!\a.Q"'ftl~i. _ .. _ .... _ .......... _ Lo.~ ."-r.: .. ~"".~mHt.;..l~~e. .. ~_y.~.kl~:? ..... _ ........ __ . _ ... _ .... __ .... _. _ ............ _____ .... __ . _ ........ __ .... _._._._._ ... _
.-:P!S! J.4.~ _ ..... _ ....... : .. hfLl'lol,:c..Bcid.~' ... _._._ .. , __ ........... _ -~Q-•. p..~ .. .......... _ .... :J.?.f.tt~ ........ _ ........................................ -.......... _- _ .. _. __ .. _.-........ _- -........... - -.......... _ .. _ .. __ .... __ .......... __ . __
_ ?!.~~ l~_ f ....... .. __ ._ fqr.'.,Oi' .. ~",,:- ... __ ... __ ............ -.=--_. f.(~ ... 1Ca.USJll:itt; .. 1u.y.!l1~%~t .. ~dtb. ... -=---.. =-. -................................. -... _ ....... _. _ ................ __ ... _ ... __ ~§? J1.7 .. <...........v·~,Gl.]gr..oa ............. _-............. ·M~~~··· .. ~~ ................... :);?.,:f:tj ....... _ ...................................... -.:::=._ .. -.. =::::. ... .......... - -............................................ -............ -.-- ... = .. -?!/..~.';4 .. 1 .. 4 .... l2 .. _."' ......... _._. .r I. '~.kcnl.~~ ...... _ .. __ . _......... !&lbhl .f«;.r. ... fAir. .. (~Qth.; ... :;-rrr r ...... _............................ . .......... _ .............. _ .................................... _ ........... _ .. - r a -- ~ W-I f,.·1 T.t' .----......... --... -.............. _._ .......... _
a~ e _~5.; J~a .. ~ .............. a.=J~ ... V.I.N.!~.~ _ .............. _ ............ 12 ~ ... ~D··F;Q·~·.s.···~~·:·················· ........... J1-.\~.o J.j .. tl .................................... - ................. _ .............. _ ... JS--:.Lf ... __
XCLp-' _ ........... ~ .... _ ...... __ ..... r.:v.dt. .. ~}". .~ ........ -............... -........ -- ......... - ................................................................................ _!..~.' .. 3.!.. _~., .•. 8.. _ ........................................................ __ . -.~.{f. .. =_1~ ....... . ~~f: ............ t!. ............. L!~ •••..••...•. ~ ...•.... ~~ ..•..•••..•....••••••...........• - •••• _ •• ---•••••••• - ••.••••••••••..•••••••••••.••••••.••••••••••••.•••••••••••••.••.••••••• - •.....•...• J.8!.c;}.Q b.~,.~. -........................................... , .... - -......... __ ... . .I.9 .. --::: .. '.?:-. ..... .
!~.r.: ... ............ -( ............ Qa~9..£ .. f.lm~.r.._ -.......................... -........... _ ............................................................................................. ... I.L~.~b..1:4..:'1 . .................. _ ............ _ ............... -................. . J!...= ... ~.~ .... .
CONCI.,U::3IOns. The resul ts are interesting ann show the
possibility of using a great vAriety of 011s if they were pur
ohasab1e at a low price. The results also in dicate our in
ability to give to oila flotative values in numerical terms and
the irepossibi1ity ,of getting the true values of oils that give
no soum or froth, suoh as the ooal-tars and crude petro1eams.
It is known that these are [;ood selectors. The tabulations
show further that oils vastly different ill consistenoe have
e imi lar fl ota ti ve values. They als 0 br ing ou t 1ihp. fact that a
great deal of work must be done before those properties of oils
which give them flotHtive value are understood, for instanoe,
why do oleio aoid, oottoT1Beed residue, and others froth and lift
dolotlite, while citronella, wood-creosote, pine-oil, and others
froth and float galena?
The following experiments suggest themselves and are ~eing
attemptea:
1. To determine whether there 1.s any rel,a. tion between an
oil's selective power and its di-eleotrio oonstant, or an oil's
frothing power ano its di-eleotrio constant.
2. The relation, if any, between an oil's seleotive power
and ita visoosi ty or an oil's frothiJl[; pOVier and its viaoosi ty.
3. Whether the oil's'survaoe tension or film strength
playa any pari in an 011'8 frothing power or in an oil's selective
power.
4. Whether the saponifioation value bears any relation to
the flotative value of an oil, either frothing value or seleotive
value.
5. The facili ty wi th which oils cnn be emul:.d.fied, and
their flotutive value.
6. The oil's water ~oluble content an~ the value of it
to flotntion.
7. The degree to which oil is soluble in water, soluble
as n whole, nn~ the value of it to flotation.
8. The quantitative effect of the use of frothing oils
and of the use of 8eleotiv~ oils.
9. The relation between a mineral's di-electrio constant
and ita tendenoy to be floated. The sulphides have di-eleotrio
oonstants approaohing infinity.
10. The grouping of oils as made by the chemist and the
flotation-values of these various groups ann to asoertain if
the membera of each group have similar value as seleotors or
froth.rll.
11. The effeot of various salts an~ amounts of salta on
the flotntive value of an oil or combination of 011s. Do these
salts affeot the surfaoe of th~ mineral, (10 they oombine with
the oil, eto?
12. To show by micro-photographs how oils and bubbles
attaoh themselves to minerals.
13. Whether olassifioation is an aid to flotation.
EI)PF.~Hlr.ENT NO. 1
TO DBTER1~nE V{HE'~HER TliEHE IS Any Hl~I~TIO!: DETI'r::EN AN OIL'S
SEIJEC~IVE POKER Al~D ITS DI~1ECTRIC CONSTA11T. OR AN OIL'S FROTH-
IITG POWER AND ITS DIELECTRIC COITSTANT.
J;umbcr
t
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
Dieleotrio Constants of Some Flotation Oils. Preliminary.
by Dr. Herman Sohlundt
University of Missouri.
!!a~~-'- D • C --'--';:ax • j). C • tin.
·Oleio Acid 2.7 2.~5 tersp. 16-2~Oo,
.Citronella 4.83 4.38
-Black Grease 3.12 2.78
• Cotton Seed 3.0 2.71
·Orange Peel 2.35 2.00
·"Cresylio Aood ----- 9.80 (Approximate)
.. Corn 011 3.00 2.6
Lubrioatin 011 2.60 2.16
tot Creaylic ~ castor ----- 4.33 Conducts or oontHins hyd-
• Water Gas Tar _ ... _-- 2.78 roxyl.
-lemon ---.... 2.95
General Naval #8 ----- 4.36 Hydroxyl
• General Naval #17 -_ ..... -- 12. APprox. Hydrox
• General Naval #18 ------ 9.8 ditto
• General Naval 1122 ----- 3.06
.Olive Oil ----- 2.76 IJ.B. &11 Tabell( 2. g~
.Cyltnder Oil ----- 2.47 ditto 2.3(
"Crude Wood Turpentine ---"- ... 4.15 ditto pure 2.27
·Rosin Oil ----- 2.95
Dielectric Constants of Some Flotation Oils
by Dr. Herman Schlundt,
University of Missouri.
N'urnoer Name 15. o. Temperature
*
20 " Peaoh ke rne I 2.86 24~d
21 'Soy Bean 2.96 24
22 Coal Tar 3.49 24
23 • Pine Oil 4.42 24
24 Sperm 2.90 23
25 Cod I.liver 2.85 23
26 Crude 2.28 23
27 ~ castor 1.40 23
*28 P7l' ol igne 0 us aoi4
29 :Mixture 3.70 23
Pyroligneous aoid oonduots aurrent so well that tta dielectric capacity oannot be determined.
D1EJ4ECTRIC CONSTANTS O~' 1 .. 1 QUIDS •
Smithaonlan phyaioal Tables. Fifth }~d.
Table 288-289.
Substanoe Temp °c Wave Dielectrio Author. length Constant
om. ,.,
Amyl Acetate 16 ([) 4.81 10
castor Oil 11 tt 4.6'7 19
I~innseed 13 " 3.35 21
Sperm 20 " 3.1 '7 20
Olive 20 " 3.11 23
cottonseed 14 " 3.10 21
Peanut 11.4 " 3.03 21
Seaame 13.4 " 3.02 21
Neatsfoot n 3.02 20
Rapeseed 16 " 2.85 21
A1nlond 20 " 2.83 18
Toluol 16 " 2.33 6
l1eta Xylol 18 " 2.3'7 11
Lemon 21 " 2.25 22
Turpentine 20 " 2.23 20
VaBeline It 2.1'7 25
Petroleum 2000 2.13 24
1
Dielektrizitatakonatanten und Quadrate elektriaoher Breohungaindioes ( D
Lit. Tab. 240, S. 774. Fluasige IBolationsmittel (Ole)
-~------------------~----~-~------~--------~---------~---------------~-~
l.laterial D Autor ------------------------------------------------------------------------PetroleutJ
Petro1ather Paraffinol
20 • • e •
20 • • • • Diollte 0.905 Ruboll Leino1 BauIDwo11-
sameno1
Olivenol
011venol 20..
Sesamol
Mandel 01
20· •
Arach,aole
K8Jliol Rioi:nusol
20 •
• • • •
• • •
Atharische 01 •• Amy1acetat
Tolu~£· • • •
15 • • • 0·· •
Qym010 •••
Phenol
KrIOlol
600 1300
-3000
20 20
- 60
16,2 13
13,7
It
n
n
82
" " 11
1000
12.4 20
13,4
20 20 - 40
"
II
"
" 600
" " " " " " 11
" " 600 9
6.4 2
Terpentin 19.
14.4 - Ii 83 r 16,6 19
o - 30 20 -
181 1'1 48
1'1
" " It
" "
'13
" " "
'73
a. S.
2,07 2,14 1,96 2,126
1,778 2,1179
°'°3738 0,°572
2,38 2,86 3,35
3,10 3,09 3,00 3,02 2,99 3,108
0,00364 3,08 2,92 3,02
3 01 2 8330
0,601628 0,°4269
8,03 2.66 4.62
0.0106'1 4.6'1 4,20 4.000 3,968 2,019
7'11. 4,81 0,0024 2,42 2,376 2,61 2,33 2,31
0,°3921 0,°39'17 0'°6463
2,249 9,68
10,3
Hopkinson Winkelmann Arona und Rubens (1) :Marx (2)
Werner Haaenohrl (2)
11
" Horme11 Salvion1
" n
Ferry "
Hopkinson Salvioni Heinke
Arona u Rubens (1)
Salvioni
" Haaenohrl (2) II
" Salv1mli 'Y. P1rani Salvioni Heinke Arons u
Rub.na (1) KOBsonogoff
Lowe "
" n
Hopkinson Landolt u. Jahn Abegg
It
Drude (3) Rats Tangl
11
Bernet
Drud. (3) Lowe
Dut.al for Conclusions to ExperjrjlE~nt 110.L.
The Oil l"lotati on Val ue Dieleotrio Lrams. %Pb. Constants.
Oleis acid 77 1:5 2.35 - 2.79 Citronella 30 74 4.38 - 4.83 )'aneoli1'18 16 23 2.78 - 3.12 (Jottonaeed 7 64 2.71 - 3.00 OrH.llge reel 21 76 2.00 - 2.36 Cresylic Ac::d 32 - 71 9.8 t Corn ---.------ 2.60 - 3.00 S .~., • C yl i nit e r 1 22 2.15 - 2.60 lr:ixture ~a8tor 24 '73 4.33 aoCreaylic
Oil from ~Vater Gas Tar 9 62 8.70
Lemon 2!1 60 }2.95 Olive 3 54 2.76 Diamond Ref. 4 47 2.47 Crude 'Nood Turps () 61 4.15 Special HOBin 2 46 2.96 reach Kernel '7 64 2.86 ~~oya Bean 2.96 Coal Tar 3.49 Pure Pine Oil. 16 69 4.42 SperDJe 4 55 ?.90
A study ofy. the flotation reslIl ts anfl the dielectrio
constants of the various oils shows that with the data 80
far o'htained no relation can 'he shown to exist between them.
'.ahis does not necessarily I1Jea.n thnt the diel~ctric oonstant
does not affect an oils value to flotation.
In light of the theory a.nvnnoed by Prof.V.II.Gottsohalk
(Th:i s theory has never l)een published) ,i t is reasonable to
believe that the dielectr:ic constant which is a meauure of
the free electrons existing iTl a body would influence the
adsorption of o:1.ls by certain ndl'lerala ,even though it can
not be shown to be true at thts writing.
One cono1usion can 1)8 made at tr.1.8 time ; that of the oils
whioh give a recoverable froth those with high dieleotric
oonstants give the best flotation resu1ts.This holda true
with the exception of Oil of lesnd Oil of Orange Peel whioh
give good flotation results and have low oonstanta.
Further exper:tmentation should show that the dieleotrio
oonstant at least plays an important part in flotation of
minerals by flotation.
EXPRRI~KT NO.8.
OF SELECTIVE OILS.
MachineJ:-k.~ htpe ... - Missouri School of Mines and Metallurdy OPERATING DATA. (,Iaytol'l I;
Experimenter .. ~~orL--__ .. _ FLOTATION LABORATORY. Je'_PU .100
l.JMs.mae. . .lL~(lkM __ ~_ ..... _ .. _ ..... __ .......... ____ ._ ... __ ._ .. _ ...... _ -_ ........ __ ._ ... _ .... __ ... _ ----___ . ______ . ___ . __ ... ______ .......... _ ..... __ ... .!.~MJit_.~ _._ ... ____ ..... _ ..... _. ___ ._
ORE ==::==::=::=.==:==~~.=:=:::::::= _ ......... __ . __ ._ ....................... _ ......... ___ ._ ... _______ ........ _ .......... ___ ... _. _ ........... _ u"""". ~f,..f..»mo ..... {.::;~ ... f. ...... ___ _ ...... • •.•••.•••.• 1.-. fiKRi :syow~'tE-~ ~N$ .QJJ.BN:D.T.x.. Qf.: ... Ou..... ... . ................. U""''''' ........... ••••• ..... ......... ._
........ _ ............... _--- ._-----------......... _ .. __ .... _.-..... --..... _ .... -.--..... _._._--- ---_ .. __ ... ----........... _ ..................... -....... __ ............. _---.. _-_ .............................. --.-..... ---. --_._ .. _ .. _ .. _- _ .. _ ......... _-_.. --..... _ ........ _. _ .... _ ....... --.. _. _ .. _---- -_ .. __ .. _-_ .. -_ ...... _._ ... --_ ... --_ ... _--_ ... __ .. _-_ ....... -.. -----_ .... -----....... __ .............. ---_ ...... __ . __ ............ _ .... - ........... __ ........................................... - ................... -... - ........... --- -_ .. _ ...... - ... _ ... _ ......... _ .......... _ .... _- -_._- .. _ ...... -_ .... - .... __ .
Machine~~T~_-..... -. Missouri School of Mines and Metallurgy OPERATING DATA.
ExperimenterJ~~" •. _... FLOTATION LABORATORY. ....l> .... ,~on l:Do.lAmit"e. ... {. GalUl4. .. -.... _- Ir.. _._._ ... __ ........... ___ ............ _ .. _ ............ _ .. _ ........... ___ .... _ ....... __ ........... _. __ .... ___ . __ . __ ... _ .... __ .......... ___ ....... __ ......... _ .. _ ... __ .......... _ ... __ .... !~._.~~_M.l ~!_ •••••• ___ ._ ••••••.•••••• __ ._ ••• __
ORE =:=::==:::::::= .. ~:::::=:===~.~:::::::::::=::: _ ............ __ .. _ ... _ ....................... _._ ....... ___ ....... _____ ._ ... ___ ....... __ ........................ __ ......... ___ .. _ ...... __ .......... ~~v.A.c~:r.u~. ~~~.~_ .. ! ....... __ . __ . __ O~J;- ~
=:-.: .. -=-.=:::::::~-~-~-.. : .. --=::::::::~~.= ~X.f?itlQM.E:~ .. ~...o.v:!(J.NG .. J;F.J~~E.~r_. O'.f:: .. J:r.j.c.I".f:~J.t.lG. ... Q.us.~T.~ .. 4~_OU .... __ .. _ ...................... _.. _ .. _..... _'_"_. __ ._. ._
I OIL IREAGENTSI FROTH I REMARKS. IC0r7C.~t1IY~~ RESULTS /----
TestNo No. I Amt. I Kind. Kind lAmt.\ Kind IAmt. Wt. Per Ct. ~/per ct.1 Wt. /per Ct. Per Ct. Ext.
.C:'t .·· __ I···1.ICit~".o~! ..... I_.I. ..... -.. I.-- .-.. -.. --.. --.. ---.----------.-. J~L .. ~CL.L-. -.- --'- ____ -. ______ _
_ ~5.- _ ............ ...... Q. .... __ ._ ..... __ .... _ ....... __ .... __ .- --.---.. --. -'--"'-"-'- -.---------.. --... _~.11 .. 1._ -ll.:?._ -"'--- _ .... -.... _ ... ___ ... _ _. _________ _ _ ... ~~ .... _ ................... ~ ....... _ ..... _._ ....... _ .. ___ ..... ___ .. ___ .. _ ... _ ... _. ___ ... _. __ . ______ .. _____ l.~.~Jl .. -1.1!.~- _ .. -............ _ ........... _ .. _ ... _ .... _. _._. __ ..... _ .. _ .. _ ....... _ _ _ C_ '1 .................. 1 .......... _ ............... __ ._._ ..... _____ ._. ____ . _________ ._. ___ ._ .. _ .. _._ .. ____ . _ ........ ___ ... M~ ... J.7.~.~_. __ ...... _____ ._ .. __ . _____ .... _ .. __ _ ~~ .................... ~ .......... _. __ .. _ .... _ ...... _ .. ____ ._ .... ___ ._. __ ._ .. ____ . __ . __ ._ .. _. __ ._ ..... __ ._._ .. __ ._._ ........... ?v~.!...~_. -1.1t~ _ ............ _. _______ ._._ .. __ . ___ ._ .... _._ .. . __ ~,_ .. _ .......... _ ...... 9_ ........... _._ ... _ .... _ ....... _. __ . __ ... _ --- ... _ .. _ ... _____ .................... __ ._ ........ __ ...... -11L~I7.~.~ __ -.......... _- ___ .. __ .. ___ ... _ .... __ _ _ ~~ C? . ............ . .. ! .. ~. ..... . ...... _ ... _ ............... __ ...... __ ...... ___ ........................ - .. -... -- ...... _._ ........................................................ _ ........... A.~.!~J ... -~.Q .... Q . . --..... _. -.......... _. -_.-_. __ ..... __ ... _ ... _._._._ .•
-~~~ ............... ~.§.:: ............ -._. __ ._ .. _--'- ... _ ... -- --- -- ----_ .. __ . __ ._ ...................... _ .. __ ..... _._ .......... _ ............ -.. _ ... _ ..... - .. -.......... _. -_.- ._._._. --....... _ ... _....:.-
c z () .......... _ ... ~.~ ......... ____ ._ ........ _____ ... _._. __ ........... __ ._ ........ _ ........ _ .. _. __ . ___ ... _ .. __ ........... _~_Q.!.l .. _.8.2,Q .................... _._ ...... _ .. _. ____ .. __ ... _ .... ____ ..... _
. _C:~:f. .............. '!.!.§.. .............. ___ ...... _ ... __ ._ -_ ........ -- _ ...... _. --- -... -.- ...... -.-----... -.-... --... -...................... _e!1J.1 __ _ 1.1~..1 _ .......... --.. - ...... -- _._. __ ._. ____ . _ ... __ . __ _
_ 9_~ ............. _~-"-<:?_._ ....... __ ._._ ... _ ... ___ . __ ............ --'- -.-- ---...... -.. --... -... -........... --._--.. -.--............ ~~.!1. _~1!.1_ .. _ ................. -.... -... _.- _. __ .. __ ......... _ ... _._ .. ____ _ -_ .... __ •• -_.OoOo ............................ ____ ._ .. _._ ....... ___ --_ .. - ...•.••••• - ---'- -----.-... ------- - ._------...... _._- _ ..... _ .... _ .. - .... -........... - _ .. _._ •••• _. _. __ ••• - __ .... _. ___ _
.0
• •
o
···-.... ~--r; .. r~. !., "" .. ,,,
. . ';jf..:': i-'._ ~ .:
---"'-~,~Tl!~t~ . • ~'!' , .... j If' •
. :'j,".;,.: i ;"
''0 '/(1 I~
01/
~ .... I-1. olJ lJ
Z o
V
.J. o >-t:
o ~ po
l o
o Z
~ o I ifl
••
Effeot of Varying Quantity of 011.
Not only is the kind of oil a big factor in the flotation
process, but the amount of oil used influences the results con
siderably. From the tnbles of results on two series of tests
one with Citronella And one with a mixture of Castor 011, #20
Flotation Oil, CreoHote Oil, Refined cottonseed and Cresylio Aoid,
and the CUl'ves plotted fl'om these results it yilll be seen that
there 1s a cri ti cal quanti ty o.f oil which may be used. Below and
above this amount infer1.or results will be obtained.
r'rom the curves ~:~howing the effect of varying the amount of
oil used it appears that equal Beleotion can be had by using an
amount of oil less than the crjt10al amount, but the recovery
will be leS8. 80 that in orner to get the added reoovery it will
be neoessary to add more oil.
CIIKMl3T TOGB THEH ~7I TH r~lU~ .Pl.jC.ATATIOI~ VALU~3 O~' THE VARIOU~
OILS In ORDER TO DETERl.J:NE Il!' Tllli OIIJS O~' THE VARIOUS
GROUPS HA V'.B~ SIKIJJIAR VAI .. UE IN ~'1')TATICN.
Machine .. ~ ..... ___ . ___ ........ Missouri School of Mines and Metallurgy FLOT.ATIOX LA.BORATOR·Y.
~~rimen~r __ ~ __ ~_~_ .... _~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
OPERATING DATA.
. . ... .. Fr~.£=..:D _.O..u...s ....... ___ ........... ___ ... ..
ORE ! ................. _ ......... __ ._ ............................... .
\_ ... _ ... __ . __ ......... -..•.............. _ .. _ .............................. - -_ ......... - .. .
i ............ _ .............. _ .. _ .......... ___ ........... _. i ............................... _ ................................... , .................. -............•. _ .•.................
\
OIL REAGENTS FROTH Test No No. I Amt. i Kind. Kind :Amt.: Kind Amt.
RE~IARKS. ConcenT~+~L..BES~1TS ... n _____ Oil Value
--.l~~jP~r Ct. ~ ?~£S_t. _J~ peri~1; EeclJt;~:
. 3:~ ... S3 .. b'l ..... ..... ............ ,3 - 54-..!f,_I#J 7P~ I "','~"71' .
5 4 '2 "'/ .. .. - - - --t· .. , .... 3.'.«1...... ......... 1 },~~ 43
... 1.1~ .. 1 . .1.. i ..• ~ .. 7.j7i ................ ................ 1 • .5..~ ..... ~.7 .. :.
.D 5 k I. I 1
R'~ . J~~< F·····~· .". ~!~~~f-.. :..... ................. ..... . ............ - ................... . ~-1. _ .. 1..... . ............ J\ap..e.~e.d. ........................................................ I
??s..~ . .LT . .................. S~.so..m~ ....... ............. -- ....................................... I"
?' .. lS .~.1... . ................ , \.Q.rn. ... OiL.. ... .................. ........................... ........... . ....................... . . ............... , ............................... - .......... -...... : ............................ .
i
• •••••••• \:;~; ! J.3,1b!·.·.·.·.·.·.·.·.·.·.··.·.·.·.·.·.· , ....................... :::: .... ] .: ... ; .. ~:.:~;.::::~ 1 iii \ I ! 1 1 '
·········· .. I~;O';~:lll).:::: .. ::.::·: .. ,1!:::III:·:;:·~·.·::~::·~ ~ ~ .... ~ ..... iT ............ ~it1~.~(&,~~.)............. . ........... 1······· .. ··························· .. · .. ··· .............................•
ill I
~ .. 1.9 .... ~.6.. . ..... Chio."'.WODQ. .......................... , ............. -. .. ....................... ... . .............................................. j ... == ... :··::==···1············ .. ···1······ .. ······················· ·················1-·············· ........... .
····· .. 9.·p.r:Y·~~A ...... ,................. . ............................................................................ [···==:··i···==·· I··········· .. ·· .................................................... ! ..... ===-= ....... . . ~ J ....... "' .... Y.. ........... _ ~a.sTar.. ............. . ............................................................................ 1.J9/~.OI·s.·~ .. ·Q'[................ ................................. ................ i .... ~.~ .. ~ . .s" ... .
!
Val ~ .~~.... .. ............ S~ra.1>.~ ....... _ ............... ·· .... · .... · .. · .... ··· .. ·-.. 1···· .... ··· .............................................. .
??.~3. ... ~.1 ..................... o.1tp..n5.c.e.d.. .................................................. \ ........... \ ........................................................... .
_~ ~ _ .... ?r..... .. ........... L.in.s.(l,g,d.(."R.~~).. ......... .
_ .......................................... Cr.o."Th.r.t. .. ............................. - ... ....... .................. ........... ........... ............... ....... ........... ........... ........... ...... .................. ................. ................. ................. . .................................. 1 ..... -:-::=: ........ . _"P-~ .... . 4. ................. Ne·g"tlfo·ot .................................................... i·········· ................................................................ -.. $. . .'.?~ .. ~$.Q~ ................................................................. I ........ ~ .. ~z.f. ...... . ~~~ ~~ ... I ............ Meh.hQ1d.~I)(fu ~ .................... 1
1
.................. ······· .. ···1··· ............................ . ....... =::: .... := ....................................................................... 1 ..... =:= ...... .. ..... . M~n.h~~LT4.~~) ................................................................................................................................ = ...... =-.................................................. _ ................. 1 ...... = ........ .
Machine ________ _ OPERATING DATA.
Experimenter ..
Missouri School of Mines and Metallurgy FLOTATION LABORATORY. ========_ .... __ . ___ b~ OlLS.
ORE
I OIL IREAGENTSI FROTH I REMARKS. I Concen11-a+tl RESULTS IOil-Vo.l~~
TestNo No.1 Amt. I Kind. Kind lAmt. Kind IAmt. Wt. Per Ct. ~IPer Ct.I~IPer Ct. PI. " .. lbl
~ :~_ :~J~~==I~~:I= 1_=_1 ==I==~:=~~-::_~ ~~~::-_=_~~=:=:-_ :~:_~: =_.=- ::::=_ =-_~_= === =:~~
............ _ .......... __ ._ • .-.. _ ............... u •••••• _ .... __ • .......... _ ..................... ---- _ ••••••• _- .. __ ............... ___ .... _ ..... ______ ......... _. ____ .......... ____ .... _ ... _ .. _
-------.... ---------- _ ........ _--... _---_ .. --_ .. __ .. _ ....... --_ .......... _ ..... __ ..... _- ........ _ .. _- -.-_ .... _ .. -_ ... _---_ .. - .•........•.... __ ._-_ ...... _ ..................... _ ....... ---..... - _ ............. -- _ .............. _-- -_ ........ --- _._-_ ............ - -_ .. - ......... -.. -
._ ...... _- . .--- ...... _ ....• _-_.-...... __ ...... -. -_ .. -._- -...... -.--- ._-_ .. _-_ ... - .-_.-............... _-_._ ........... -------_ .. _---_. __ .. _--_ .. _-....... --------.-_. __ .. _._ .. _._---...... _ .. -. _ .............. --.. -_ ....... - .... _._-_ ....... _ ... _-_ ... __ . ---...... _ .... - _ .... _ .. _-_ ..... -_ ... _ .... _ .... _ ... _--... - .......••. _ .............. _-_ ........ -.-_ ............ -.-.- .. --------............ -_ ........... _- _ .. - ... _ .. _ ........... _.-_. _._.- _ .... __ ._ .. - _ .................. __ ...... _ .... _. __ .- --_ ...... _- ._._ ....... . _ .............. _. .-... -..... _ ....... _ ...• _---- .._ ... _ .. _---_._-
...... -..... -_._-_._.-_ ....... _ .... -. -.-... _-_ ... _--.. -.. _.-----.. _.-.. ------_.- _ .... _ .. _-_ .. --_ ...... -. __ .- ... _ ............... _ ................. _ ... --...... -. -_ .... _ ....... _ ..... _------... -.-.......... _-...... __ ....... - ........ -...... ".- _ ........ -_ ....... - ............. _ ............... _ .. _ ..... _ ........ - .. _ ..... _ .. -_ .. ---... - .... _-_ ..... _----------_._ ..... _ ... ----_ ............... _ ..... _ ... _.----- --_._-- _ ................. - ~ -_ .. -....... _- _ ............. -. _ .......... - _ .. _-- -----
....... _-................... _ .......... -......................... __ . __ ._ .... _--..... _ ..... __ ... .. ... _ ... - --_._ .. _ .. -_._. _ ........ _ ...... _. . ....... _ ....... -..... _ ...•...... _- _ ............ -.. -... __ .-_ .......... - -- ...... - .. - .. -... .--.. -.... -.......... -_.-......... -.......... -_ ...... -.._- .... -..... - _. __ .. - -_ .................... -....... _ .................. - ... -.. __ ...... _.- ........ _ ... ---- _ ................. - ...... -....... _- _ ........... __ . _ ............ _-- --...... _._- .... _ ........ _---
....................... _ ... _ ................. _ .. --_._ .......... ---_ .. -_ ... ------- .... __ ...... _ ... _.- ..... -._ .................. _ ........ _ .... _ .... _ ... _-_ ...... -.. _ ..... _--._ .. - .... -..... ---_. -_ .... _ ........ _. _ ...... _ .... _. _ ......... _ ... _. _ .............. - _ ..... _-. -_.-.... _ ...... - ....... __ .. - ................. _ ..................... -.. -. -_ .. _ ........ -- ........ __ . _ ... _ .. - ....... _.- _._._ .......... _ ..... _ ..... __ ._ .... _ .............. _.-._- ............ -- ---_ ... _._ .. _ ... _-- .................. -_ .......... _- -_._._- _ ........ _- _.-.--._-
Machine________ Missouri School of Mines and Metallurgy I OPERATING DATA.
:~~~~~~_---r~:r;::::--:~::.::::---- ........... -.......... 1 ................ __ ____ .......... -----
.. - ... __ .....•. -. _ ...... __ .. _ ..•. - _ .. _ .... - -._ ... - .•.•.....••..•.......... _ ......... _-_ .... _ .... ---_ .... __ .......• _ .•........................•.......................................... , ............. _ ............. _ ....................................•........•.. _-
_ ... _ ..•• _. ___ ..... _ ... __ . ____ •.•.•.•. .-: __ ............. __ ....... ___ .... _._ ......................... _ ............. _ ... __ .............. ___ ................. _ ..... __ .............. _ ........... __ .. ·.·····.···•·· .. · ........... ··.h .... _ ................................ __ ... __ . __ ................. __ ..... _ ......... ..
I OIL I REAGENTS I FROTH I REMARKS IConca.n'mftZ1 RESULTS I Oil Va.lLl£. TestNo No.1 Amt. I Kind. Kind iAmt.\ Kind I Amt. . I Wt. Per Ct'~iPer Ct.I~IPer Ct.,Pm @t: Ent.
~::. ~:I::~=~ ~i;t:I~~=_~ I.~~:_I ~~:=::j.~:::::_.:::~:-_.i;~~ ~~:I=~=. ~::.= .:~::. ~:: .. =. :.;.~~~.: ~ Oi'r""
~ .. 1$. ... a? ......... _ ...... - _~1:q~.Jar ............... - ............. -... _ .... _.- ..................... _ ....... _ ....................... _ ................................ _ ... g,.~.5. ... b.~!.~.b ................................................................. _. . ....... ~:L.6.~ .. _
"? ~ 1 .. ~.~ ...... _ ........ - !]jt$y1eE.e:.d.. ......................................... -.- ................................ _ ...................... -................................... 3.1L9Q .. 7-1.1. '. _ ........... - _ .......................... -. _ .................. :s. .. ~-=.7.L ... . ~!~ .. J~ ................... _ T.o .. \u.ol. .......................... __ .- ............ -.~ ........ - ............................................................ _ ................................... ... ~!.B'_1 ~1!.~ .................. _ ........... _ ............... - ................. -...... 1_-=.5.~ .. ~LC??.:-... JQ.l .................... k~ .... M .. ~~.· ......................................... _- ......................................................................................... !.~.~<}.- ~~.~~ -................................ - .............. -.. -......... _ ...... 1.:?.:::. .. 1.~
;IJ_I~~ J9..9. .. -..... -......... ~:B.~.M.!~f?.'" ............. _ ........................... _ ................................................................................................. ~.~ .... ~.:.~ .............. _ ............................................... _ ... ...... §.=.ii.o._
..... ______ "0 ... -__ -,,,,-- ___ 0 ... _. ______ . ___ ..• _ .. ______ ..... ______________ ---_.--_ .... -----....•• - .... _-_ .. _-_.- _ .. _.-------.----------.. ---------... ---------... -----... ---.----------, .. -._._---. ---0-.... --0 .. -·.· ·--------·0-· _____ ._._0 .. __ . _____ . ___ ._ .•. _ .. _ _ __________ ._._. __________ .. __ . ___ .. _____ .. _ ............ _._
.... ___ ...... _ •• _ •• ______ ._ .• _. ____ ............. _ •••• _ •• _. _____ ••••••• ______ ,0, ____ ._. _______ • -.--_ •• __ -0' -. __ 00'-.·-"--" ............ -------.•• --..... --.---......... ------ .•.. --.-----.- ................. --..... __ .,. ________ • __ . _ ........ ______ ._. _______ . __ . ___ .. _ .. _ ... _ .... __ .. _________ . __ ••. ___________ . __ ... _. ___ •. __ •.••• _. .... _ .• _
..... ---_._- _ ...... _ ... -...... _ ........... -........... _ ......... _.-_ ..... -_ ............. _ .. _ ............ -... ----_ .... -... _ ........... _ .... _ .. -_ ........... _ ................... -------_._-_ .. _ .. _-_ .. _---_._---- ... ------_ ... _.-.--_ .. -... -.- -----------_.-... ----.-..... __ .- ...... -.......... _- ... _ ............. _. _ ........... _ .. _._-..... -.--
.............. - _ ..... -...... _.- ._---_ .... -_. __ .. ---_ .. __ ........ _ ..... _ ............ _- ._-_ .... -_.- .............. _ .•............... --.-............ --_ ......... --_._---_. -_ .... __ ._ ... _---.. ---._-_.-.-._ ... __ .... _ .. -. -------_.-.- --._-_ ........ - --_._._----.. __ ... _._ ... __ ._--_._- .............. _-- .. -- ......... _-.---........................ -._-......... ...
............. -- _ .. -_....... -................. --..... -., ..... _.-....... -........... _ ............ _.- -............ -........... -- .......... _ .... ----_._-- ---- .. --.. - --_. __ ...................................................... _ ..... -..... _ .. _.- ................ ----. --_._---.. _----- --------... -.-.. - .--------_ ....... - ... __ ... _-----.. --... - ............ -
.. __ ... -.- .-._._ .... _ ................... _--_ .. --_ .. -_.- .. -.. _ ... --- .............. _-_ .......... -... -_ ........ _- ----_ ....... _. __ ......... ---.... -.................... _ ........... -. __ ... -..................... -.... _ .. -......... _ .. --............... --................ - _ ................. _ .... -................ . -.... -.. --~. _ ............ _-_ ...... _--.. -- .......•......... --_.-... . .... -_ ... - -_ .................. _ ............... _ ............ _ .. -. ............. . ........... ---._ .. _ ....... _ ....... _ ............. -----_._- .............. --._ .. _-_ .. _ ...... -.... --_. -............... ~ _ ............. _ ... - ... -........................................ -
Maehine ____ . ______ ... _ Missouri School of Mines and Metallurgy OPERATING DATA.
Experimenter .. _______ ._ ... _ FLOTATION LABORATORY.
I=::=:::::=~::::::::::=~=::=:::===.~ -............ __ ..... _ .... ___ P.~n:,Qw==.u.M....._ER.OD.u.as ... __ ............... _ ......... _ .................................................................. _ ................... _ ........... __ ORE -........... -.. -... -..... _-.-.. -...... --_ ........... _ ..
_ ....... _-_ ........... _- _ ..... -........ __ .. _ .. _ .... -.. _- -............ - _._ ... _ ........... ' .. -_ ......... -.......... __ ... _ ... _ ..... _-------_ ......... - ............ _ ............................. - ........................ _- ................... _ ... ---.--_._---.-._ .... _ .. - _ ........................ ------_ .......... - ........ __ .. ---
\ OIL I REAGENTS\ FROTH I REMARKS. IConeen-t"raiel RESULTS IOi/-V,,\ue
TestNo No.1 Amt. I Kind. Kind I Amt. Kind ~Amt. Wt. Per Ct.;~:Per Ct.1 Wt. Iper Ct. e eEL
_ ~ J. .. ···~······I···············JP.et.ro..L~.v..m.I __ ....... _.I ...... -.. 1 ... -...... _- ........... 1 .............................................................................. ! .. ~ .... ±-... 1.~.~~1-..... --............. -. = _ .......... _ .. _.1 .. = .. 74. ....... _ , i I
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Missouri School of Mines and Metallurgy FLOTATION LABORATORY.
OPERATING DATA.
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. FLOTATION LABORATORY. Expenmenter ...... _._ ..... _._ ... ___ ...... ..
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Maehine ________ _ Missouri School of Mines and Metallurgy OPERATING DATA.
Experimenter .. FLOTATION LABORATORY.
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Machine _______ , ___ 1 Missouri School of Mines and Metallurgy OPERATING DATA.
Experimenter .. ________ FLOTATION LABORATORY.
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Maehine ____________ 1 Missouri School of Mines and Metallurgy FLOTATION LABORATORY.
OPERATING DATA.
Experimenter .. _______ _
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Experimenter .. ________ .. _ FLOTATION LABORATORY.
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........... . ................................. -.. -.. . .......... -... --.... ~ .... -................ -............. _ .. _. ........... . .................................................................... - ........... _ ................. _- -....... _ ..... -... _.................. ..................... .. __ .............. - - ......... -.-.... . .......... -................... - .. .
Maehine _________ _ Missouri School of Mines and Metallurdy OPERATING DATA.
Experimenter .. _______ .. _ FLOTATION LABORATORY.
'==:=:===::=:::::====::=====::::=.= _ ........ _____ . __ YiOOD CR e;aSOT~s.... ____ ... __ ....... ___ ._ ... _ .......... _ ... _ ....... _ .......... _ .. _ ......... ___ ....... ___ .................. _ .......... __
ORE -._ .. __ .. __ .... _--. _ ... __ .. _.---- -_. __ .... _- ------...... _-----.. --------------- ... _ .. ------ .. --_ ... _. __ ..... -.-.. --_._--....... _----_ ............. --_ .. "_ .. "-"_.'''._._-''--''. ---_._----_ .. _- ....... _-- _ .... _--------
I OIL IREAGENTS\ FROTH I lC'pnur$=orel RESULTS IOil ~cll~
~~: -~i-=~-'.~~~~,-=i:I-=':~ ______ ._~=_~_____ J::\ ::~I. w~I:::I~~I::: :.::_: ee&hwoocL 1
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:;P!4L .. .. ~.~ ........ -......... _.OjL~ .. l<x. __ ..... ---- ....... -.- _._ ....... --.. - .. -.- ... -.. _ .. _._._ .. _ ... _ ....... __ ............ -._ ..... _ . ..!.~.~~. _k.~:.~_o _ ................ -................ _ ......... _. -.......... __ .... !.9 ... = .. wi Wood Sre.o60Te
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~,?:.o __ .~~.9. .......... _ .......... Q.il~ .. ~_ .. , .. _ ....... _ ........ _ ............ ----........... _ .......... __ . __ ._ .......... _ .......... _ ...................... _ ........... _ ......... _. _ .......... __ ............ _. _._ ..... __ ....... _. __ .......... _. ______ ......... . Zoo ~cfaOed.
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rude Wood. Crco . ._--
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_ ........... _ .. ------.--- ------_._.- ..... --_._'_'_.0. _. _____ ........ _. ______ 0- _. ______________ .. -------- ------- ___ .... _. ___ ••••• _. __ ._ ••• _. _____ -_.-_____ 0 __ ••• --.----_ •• _--._----- _ ...... _ ..... ________ •• _____ •• ____ •• e ___________ • _________ • __ • __ ._
------.. _. ___ • ........ n ..... ____ .. __ ....... _
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-""-'-'-... _--. ---... __ .. _- -._._._--__ .... __ • ___ ._. ________ •••• _O_e __ •••• •• ____ .. _._ •••••••••• - -_ .......... -_. -------••••• -- •• --•• ---••• --......... _. ---.. -.--........... - ................................. ---- ••••• -_ .. - .......... - .-•••••••• -- - ....... _-••• _ .. _ ........... ____ .......... __ • _ ............. __ •••••• _ ...... _ ••• _ ........ __ _
.......... .. .......... ..-.... -............................... - -_ ...................... _ .. -... _ ... --.. - ......... - ............................................................. __ ._ ....... _._ ....... --. _ ............. -.. --_ ........ _- - ... _. __ ._.-. _ ..... -.......... _. -_ .•. _-. _ .. __ .. _-_ .. _ ....... -•••• - ••••••••••• - •••• - .......................................... - -_._. __ ._- ......... -. __ a ............. _ ........................................ __ .............. ___ ._ •• ___ • __ ... __ .... _____ ••• _ ••• _____ ......... _ ...... . -_ .......... -... -_ .. - .. ...... -...... ------
Machine ..... __ ..... _ .. _. _____ ._ Missouri School of Mines and Metallurgy OPERATING DATA.
Experimenter ...... _._. _____ ._ FLOTATION LABORATORY.
ORE 1~_::~~:I~~~~~ •••••• ===~:J=~~~~~~::-~===:~_~:~-=~_~-=~~~ ==-==.~== I OIL I REAGENTS I FRO~H I REMARKS. IConetritraT¢I RESULTS !OII-VoJ.It
TestNo No. I Amt. I Kind. Kind 1Amt.\ Kind !Amt Wt. Per Ct. ~IPer Ct. I Wt. /per Ct. PI 8t Edt.
~: ~=~I:~~:~::I ~~~I ::;.::' ~:~I~:~:==='_=:~~=-~=: _~=:=~::~~::~:~~,~~~ :: :=_=- ~=~~=_ =~==_ =--= ~::-:= IS' "5pe.el a..\
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_ :PI_~S" J~.Q ....... _......... A.M~~. _ ...... __ .. _ ........ -. __ ...................... _ ..................................................................... ZZ.4L J.~.~~..Q _ ........... - - .............. _ ............. - ............ - ... -~.2...=-J~ .... _
p!~ .J..~J .................... ".\s.Q.!':n .. ~:Pe.. _ ........ _.- ............ -_ ...... _ .......................... _ ........ _ ...................... _ ................................... _.£.5..~ 2b..&..9 ................ -._ ...... _- _ ..................................... .b. .. =u. ... . _ ............ _ .. -_ .......... _ ......... -
•••• 0 •••••••••••••••• _ •••••••• ___ •••••••• ______ ••• ___ •••••• _ •••••• ____ ...... __ • __ • __ ._ ......... - ...... _- ... _ ••••••••••••••••••••••• __ .................................. ____ •••••••• ______ ••• _ •••••••••••• ----------••• -. - •• --.... --.----. - ............ _ .............. _ .... _ ............. ..
' ................... -............ _-............... -................................. _ .... _ .......... -... _ ... -.. _ ......... _- .............. - _._--_. _ ...................... -............................... _ ................. _ ....... -.............. _ ........... _.- _ .... _ ....... _ .. _ .. _ .... _-..... _- - .......... - _ .... -.......... . -........... __ ... _-... -. __ .. -............ _-
.................................................. _ .... _ ..... _--..... _ .... _ .. -_ ...................... _ ................ _ ..... __ ..... _-_ .......... _._. __ .......... _ ................... _ ............. _-- -_ ..... -... _- _ ..... _ .... _. _ ............ _- ............. _ ............. -.. - _ ........ _ ... -
.. -. __ .. _. _ ............ -- ......... _ ........... _....... . ............ __ . .......... _ ....... -..................................... -_ ..... _-_ ...... -..... --_._ ... __ ............................. --... _ .... - _ .... _-_ .. __ .. _ ......... _-... _.- .............. - ... _ .. _ ...... __ . -.. _ .......... -................. _- ........ -.-
_ ..... -..•... _ ............................ -...... . ..... _ ..................•................. _._ ........ -... '.' ... _.'-_ .... _ .. _._ ...... _- ... _ ....... _.-_ ............................ _.- ........... _ .... -_ .... _- ......... - _ .. _-- _ ...................... _ ............ _- _ .......... _-- _ .... ".' ...... -'" .................. .
. ........ _ ..... -.-........................................ _ .................... _ .. -.. _ ...•.. ---- _ .............. -. _ .... _ ...... - - _ ........... - .. _ ...... -_.-................. __ .. _ .......... _--.......... ..
------ .. _ ..................................... -......... -..... _ .. - .............. ---.. -_ ... --_._ ... _--- -------
Machine _____ . _____ _ Missouri School of Mines and Metallurgy OPERATING DATA.
Experimenter .... ____ . __ .____ FLOTATION LABORATORY.
I~:::::::::::=~=::::::::::====::::::::::===== _ ..... ___ .......... _M.I~~~.v.S.-_Q1.~J2 ........ _ -............... _ .......... _ .................................................... _ .. -.......... -_ .................. _ ............. _
ORE _. __ •• _____ ................ ______ • _____ ._ •• _____ .. ___ • ___ .. ____ •••••••• _ •. _. __ ••••••• _ ......... __ .u ___ ... __ ...... __ ... _ •• _ ........... __ ••••• u. __ •••••••••••••••••••••••••• - ................. _-_ ••••••••••• - .............................. _ ••••••••••••• --_ ... _ .... __ .... - .............. _._ ••• _ •• __ ..... _._ ....... __
-_ ........... -... _-_........... . -_ .. _---_ .. -- ---------_._.- ---_ ....... _---_ ... _._ .......... -............ -..... _ .. --_ ............... _-_ ............. _ .. --_-._--._-----_.- -.-_ ............ _ ... _-_ ..... _ ..... -----.---._.... ................. ........... _ ............. - ........... - """--'
-_ .... _ ... _-_ .. _- --- .-.-......... _._---- ......... _ .......... _ .. - ... _-_ ........... - -....... _ ......... --•••••• u ........... - _ ................... _ •••••••••• _._ ....... .
........ __ ._._-- _ ........... _- - ... _ .... _- _ .......... _---... _._._--.. __ ................ __ ............. _ ... _-_.-...• --_ ..... -_ ..•.. - .... _ ......... _----- ._._- ._ .. _ .. __ ._-... _._ .... - .. _.-..... -_. __ .. _ ......................... _ ................. _ ........ _ ...... _. -_ ..... _. _ .........•.. _ .. ---_. __ . _ .......... - _._-----.... -.. - ..... ,. __ ._.- .......... _----_ .... - ... __ .... -_ .... _ .. _- ............ _. __ .-_ .. _ .. - .... _ ... _-_. __ . __ ._ ........... __ ...... _. __ .. __ ....... _. __ ......... - _ ..... _-_ .. _- - -.-........... _ .. --........... -- _ ... _.- _ •..... _-_._. _._-- ..... _._-_.-.......... - ....... _.- ... _ .. _ ... _-- _._ ......... -.... -- _ ........ --_ .. ' ... ---.-- _._--- .... -_ ... _ .. ----_. __ .. __ .......... -_._ ... _ .. _ .. __ ._ ..... _ .. -._ ... _. --_ .... - .... _ .. _.-.----.. -_ .... ---_ ...... __ .. _ ............. -... -_ .... __ .- _ ........... _--------
..... __ .. _ ..... -~.--.~-.. - ........... _ ....... __ .. -_ ..... - _. __ .. ---_ ..... ---_.- _._ .......... _ ... --_ ..... _ .... - ... __ ..... _-----_ ............................... _ ..... --_ .. _ .. _- --_._- -_. __ ... _-- ----.. _- ---........ _- - ....... _.- --_._----_ .... _.- ....... __ . __ .. _._ ... _._ ...... --_.- ............ ------_ .. _- ... _--_.- ....... -.---_ .... _ .......... _ ..... __ .. _ .. _-.-........ _ ............ _._ ... - _ .... _ ......... __ .. -_._ ....... _.- _ ... _ ........ _ ... _. __ ... - - .......... __ . _._ .. -
-_ .... ---- .. -- ...... _ ................ , ............ _ ....... _ .. _.- -_ ............. - ............. _ ................. - _. __ .- --_._- .... __ .--.. -..... _.- .. _- .... __ .. _--_ .. __ ._- _ ......... ------ _ ........... _- - ............. _-- _ ............ _-- _ ............ _- _._ ... _- _._._---................................ _ .......... __ ..... ---.- -_ .. _ .... _- ............. - --_ .. - .... _ ........ ".'''.-''._--.'''.-. ---- _._-_._---............ __ ..... _ ........... ----. _ ........... -. -_ ..... _._._... -_._-..... _- _ ..... _ .... _ .. - ---- --'--'-
._ .... _ .. -.......... _ ....... -.-.-.-............ -.- -_ ........ _- ............... --... _- .. __ ............. _ ..... -_._ .... _._ ..... - ............... _-_._ .. - ....... -~ ... -----.. --._--- -_ ......... _. -._ ....... _-----_._----
The Fixed Oils.
The ~'ixed Oils may be classified as "inactive" oils as far
aa frothing ability is conoerned. They all form a slight skum
on the Hurface of the water and, where Inrge enough to handle,
shows fair selection on the part of the oil. The Fixed Oils are
all of a "greasy" or lubrioating nature as distinguished from the
solvent types of oils such as turpentines and pine oils and all
have the stiffness or "body" which seems to prevent their emul
sifying or mixing with the water.
Petroleum Oils.
The Petroleum Oils Give praotioally no froth and as a olass
show poor selection. These oils are not miscible with the water
but form a slight skura on the surface which is difficult to se
parate from the water.
The Essential Oils.
The Essential Oils give a gOOd. froth and show good seleotive
properties. The froth ia ephemeral and usually oonsists of small
bubbles. An ephemeral froth wi th small bub1)lea will gtve a olean
oonoentra.te beoause the possibility of oontamination by suspended
slimes in the water is lessened in proportion to the thinness of
the bubble film and this is probably one reason that the Essential
Oils give suoh olean oonoentrates. These oils are misoib1e with
the water to a large extent and this tendenoy undoubtedly aids
their frothing ability. as contrasted with the oils of the fixed
oil group which separate in a olear line from the water.
The Pine Oils.
The Pine Oils are praotically the same as Essential Oils or
a mixture of Essential Oils and act as goo~ frothers and good
selectors.
The Coal Tars.
The Coal Turs are not misoible with water ann usually have
a gravi ty greater thanl, so no reaul ts are obtainal)le .. :hen useo
alone, altho they undoubtedly are good selectors.
The Wood Tar Oils.
The Wood Tar Oils are the heavy oils other than the creosotes
oocuring in the destructive distillation of wood. They all give
a stiff froth. with large buhbles, and seleot less well than the
average. The poorness of selection is probably due to a large
extent to the meohanioal oontamination of the froth oy the "dirty"
slime water Whioh with the oil makes the thick bubble films.
The Wood Creosotes.
The Wood Creosotes give a heavy stiff froth with large bubbles
and good selection. They give a slightly leas amount of froth than
Wood Tar Oils. and the total weight of conoentrate made ia leas,
showing a thinner oil film and therefore one that will give a
oleaner concentrate.
Roain 011s and Wood Resina.
The Rosin Oils and Wood Resins seem to aot as good frothera and
poor selectors. They are mOT.e or less misoible with the water,
aooounting for their froth1ng ability.
The Fatty Acids.
Oleic Acid was the only Fatty Acid tested and it gave a very
large amount of froth, but very poor selection.
In general, it seems that the oils 'It/hleh are n,j.doi hIe wi th
the water are the frothine oi].s an~ theoretioally. at least, the
oil whioh will give the ephemeral, small bubble, froth will give
the oleaner oonoentrfl.te when compared with an oil whioh forms a
thiok stiff froth. but the recovery may be grenter in the seoond
aase. To get a olean oonoentrate. therefore, it may be necessary
to saorifioe reoovery. and viae versa, when using only one oil.
With more than one oil 8. new problem oomes in. From a small a~ount
of preliminary work done, it was found that when mixing two oils
in varying amounts,the frothing and seleoting properties of the
mixture did not always lie between the values foun~ for the se
parate oils. tending to show the possibility of the formation of
a ohemical compound rather than a simple physioal mi:xture, or at
any rate this would show that the physioal properties of eaoh were
oonsiderably modified by the presenoe of the other.
