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Core-collapse SN neutrinos and GW bursts
• We are developing a proposal to the LSC-Virgo to search for associated bursts of low-energy neutrinos and GW bursts
• Goal: to present proposal for March L-V meeting
R Frey U Maryland LSC-V 18 Dec 2008 G080654-00-Z 1
Neutrino community: W Fulgione (LNGS, LVD), K Scholberg (Duke U, Super-K)
LIGO-Virgo community: L Cadonati (UMass), E Coccia (LNGS, Rome U), R Frey (U Oregon), E Katsavounidis (MIT), I Leonor (U Oregon), G Pagliaroli (LNGS)
Theory/Phenom community: F Vissani (LNGS), G Pagliaroli (LNGS)
Core-collapse supernovae
R Frey U Maryland LSC-V 18 Dec 2008 G080654-00-Z 2
• Classic multi-messenger astronomical events:
Gravitational Waves (GWs) Low energy neutrinos Electromagnetic
• Optical (EM) signature: may be obscured unable to determine time of bounce to better than ~ day
• Neutrinos and GWs directly probe the physics of core collapse Signatures separated by few seconds A tight coincidence window can be used to establish a correlation Sensitivity range of current GW and neutrino detectors very similar
• Super-K: ~104 detected neutrinos for galactic SN ~1 for M31
SN neutrino signal
R Frey U Maryland LSC-V 18 Dec 2008 G080654-00-Z 3
Neutrino pointing to source
R Frey U Maryland LSC-V 18 Dec 2008 G080654-00-Z 4
Summary of supernova neutrino detectorsG
alac
tic s
ensi
tivity
Ext
raga
lact
ic
5R Frey U Maryland LSC-V 18 Dec 2008 G080654-00-Z
GW emission from core-collapse
• Several mechanisms may give rise to gravitational wave (GW) emission from core-collapse supernovae (see review by Ott astro-ph/0809.0695) Rotating collapse and bounce. Post-bounce convection and Stationary Accretion Shock Instability (SASI) Anisotropic neutrino emission PNS core oscillations and dynamical rotational instabilities
• Significant uncertainties exist in energy going into GWs and open questions are being addressed by the numerical relativity community Most optimistic simulation from PNS g-mode pulsations (acoustic mechanism) by Burrows
et al yielding up to 8x10-5 Msolarc2 for a 25Msolar progenitor at 600-900Hz (-> reaching MC’s)
Core bounce
Convection and SASI Early and late g-modes
6R Frey U Maryland LSC-V 18 Dec 2008 G080654-00-Z
Case for joint -GW analysis
R Frey U Maryland LSC-V 18 Dec 2008 G080654-00-Z 7
• A time-coincident GW- search should provide a factor 2
improvement in the GW sensitivity relative to an all-sky search.
• Improve chance of detection via lowering individual detector thresholds and increasing the time coverage of a global GW- detector network.
• Ability to explore “distant” SN searches (M31) unable to be seen reliably by neutrino detectors alone. (Assumes there is a detectable GW signal.)
Modes of investigation
R Frey U Maryland LSC-V 18 Dec 2008 G080654-00-Z 8
• Galactic SN with loud burst → SNEWS Gold alert
Already public and available to LIGO in real time Analyze GW as for GRB bursts, for example
• Intermediate burst As above but need access to neutrino information
• Few- bursts Joint analysis as described here ~ Super-K “distant SN search” [astro-ph/0706.2283; ApJ] Correlate with low-threshold GW bursts
Potential time-line and steps forward
R Frey U Maryland LSC-V 18 Dec 2008 G080654-00-Z 9
• Today: invitation to collaboration members to join
Help define proposal and analysis details
• February 2009: circulate documents Guiding principles: minimize FTE and computational resources,
use existing data products from all parties (neutrino/GWs)
• March 2009: present proposal at LSC-Virgo collab meeting and seek approval to proceed with (multi-party) MOU
• April 2009: proof-of-principle analysis on S5/VSR1 data• May-June 2009: extension on S6/VSR2 early data and
report to collaborations at June collab meeting• July++ 2009: analysis in auto-pilot (not necessarily online)