CorRELATIONal ResearchSandy Aguirre

Objectives:

1. to explain and define Correlational Research

2. to apply this method in the students’ research paper

3. to appreciate the significance of the Correlational Research Method in further understanding the relationship between two variables

YOU have a lot of questions in mind…

YOU always ask WHY? HOW? WHAT?

YOU are at the CURIOSITY stage!

There are several ways of collecting and understanding- information and finding answers to your questions –

RESEARCH is one way.

• Research is an art of scientific investigation.

• It is regarded as a systematic efforts to gain new knowledge.

•The dictionary meaning of research is “a careful investigation or enquiry especially through search for new facts in any branch of knowledge”.

What is Research?

Quantitative

Non-experimental

Survey

Correlational

Case Study

Historical

Experimental

What is a Correlational Research?

It is a research design under the Non-experimental Quantitative Research.

What is a research design?

It’s the methodology and procedure used to conduct a research.

So what is a Correlational Research? 

• It refers to the organized investigation or statistical study of relationships among two or more variables, without necessarily determining cause and effect.

For example, to test the hypothesis “ Listening to music lowers blood pressure levels”

Correlational Research

• establishes only an association between variables rather than a causal relationship;

• needs hundreds or even thousands of subjects for accurate estimation of trivial or small effects.

Non-causal: does NOT tell us that Variable A caused Variable B, but rather that they are somehow related by a hidden variable.

Direction of a Correlation

• Positive Correlation: when two variables go in the SAME direction.

•Negative Correlation: A relationship between two variables in which one variable increases as the other decreases, and vice versa.  

The less violence at home

The less bowling time

The more time in the mall The less money I have in my

checking account

Positive Correlation

Negative Correlation

Correlation Coefficient

A correlation analysis which tries to measure the strength of a relationship between two variables through a number.

The correlation coefficient is a number between +1 and -1: the closer to either number, the stronger the relationship.

Correlation Between Grade Point Average and Absences 

by Ignacio SuarezPrepared for Professor Erlyn Baack

ITESM, Campus Queretaro

A sample correlatio

nal research

Students felt that the relation is not that strong because, "You may go to all your classes, but not pay attention," or "It depends whether you study or not," so consequently, the grades depended on other factors.

Some more students thought that absences do affect grades because of these reasons: "If you have an absence, you lose the sequence of things." "You miss the interesting themes." "The teacher explains better than any classmate." or, "The teacher might have a different way of thinking."

What the respondents think:

To prove the existence of a relation, or dependency, between absences and grades a regression analysis was conducted. A regression analysis shows the dependency of a variable (grades in this case) to an independent factor (absences). The analysis resulted in an R square of .23 which means that 23% of a grade can be explained through absences.

The correlation between grades and absences is: as the absences increase, there is more variation in the grades that the students get.

Correlation Coefficient: The correlation analysis proved a mild, but significant, correlation of -.44.

Result of the research:

some actually show a positive correlation (Maestria 0.17 and LEM 0.006), meaning that the fewer classes a student goes to, the better grades he/she gets.

Plagiarism involves:

◦Copying someone else’s ideas or words and not citing them

◦Getting credits from another student’s work

◦Cutting and pasting text from the Internet and passing it off as your own

◦Purchasing someone else’s work and describing it as your own

Plagiarism – Please Don’t Do IT!

Citations: (2012, 01). Correlational Research. StudyMode.com. Retrieved 01, 2012, from

http://www.studymode.com/essays/Correlational-Research-889635.html (2012, 11). Correlational Research. StudyMode.com. Retrieved 11, 2012, from

http://www.studymode.com/essays/Correlational-Research-1244453.html(2010, 10). Research Method. StudyMode.com. Retrieved 10, 2010, from http://

www.studymode.com/essays/Research-Method-454211.html

http://www.termpaperwarehouse.com/essay-on/Discussion-Board-Correlational-Research/69620

Hopkins WG (2002). Dimensions of research. Sportscience 6, sportsci.org/2002

http://eslbee.com/grades.htm

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