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Culture, copyright, technologyMathias Klang
CULTURAL RELATIVISM
“...civilization is not something absolute, but ... is relative, and ... our ideas and conceptions are true only so far as our civilization goes.”
Franz Boas (1887)
Siberian/Thuvan throat singing http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VTCJ5hedcVA&p=A3A6044F015358F7&playnext=1&index=7
STEP 1: STATE THE OBVIOUS
DIGITALIZATION CHANGED EVERYTHING
TECHNOLOGY controls how and what we interact, create & THINK
Anything that is in the world when you’re born is normal and ordinary and is just a natural part of the way the world works. Anything that’s invented between when you’re fifteen and thirty-five is new and exciting and revolutionary and you can
probably get a career in it. Anything invented after you’re thirty-five is against
the natural order of things.
AFFORDANCESspot the ethical dilemma?
Language technology
Exodus 20:14
THE WICKED BIBLE (1631)
STATUTE OF ANNE (1710)
Wheras printers, booksellers, and other persons, have of late frequently taken the liberty of printing... books, and other writings, without the consent
of the authors... to their very great detriment, and too often to the ruin of them and their families: For preventing therefore such practices for the
future, and for the encouragement of learned men to compose and write useful books…
Expanding rights
Oscar Wilde nr 18 av Napoleon Sarony
“entirely from his own mental conception, to which he gave visible form” ”useful, new, harmonious, characteristic, and graceful picture.”
THE SOCIAL
CENTURY
User generated content
Monopolies in copying & delivery systems
Lag (1960) om upphovsrätt till litterära och konstnärliga verk
LAG (1960) OM UPPHOVSRÄTT TILL LITTERÄRA OCH KONSTNÄRLIGA VERK
Vad skyddas?
• Teater• Musik• Film• Databaser• Konstverk
• Byggnader• Brukskonst• Kartor• Fotografiska verk
• Litteratur
VERKSHÖJD BIRD RED SLICE by Koko (1984)
idea/expression dichotomy
Donald Duck av Walt Disney Arne Anka av Charlie Christensen
STADIGVARANDE
copying
digitalization
Analog / Digital
• Copy inferior• Limited nr of copies• Copying in real time• Cost
• There is no copy• Infinite nr• Timeless• Without cost
LIFE & DEATH OF
BUSINESS MODELS
DIGITALIZATION
CONNECTIVITY
DEVICES
STORAGE
34
35
LAW & MORALITY
LAW REGULATES WHAT IS, NOT WHAT SHOULD BE
WE NEED MORE POETS
Two roads diverged in a wood, and I - I took the one less traveled by,’ And that has made all the difference. Robert Frost
STEP 2: LAW & ETHICS TAXONOMY
ethical
unethical
legalillegal
Homage
The Battleship Potemkin 1925 - Odessa Steps scene – director Sergei M. Eisenstein
The Untouchables (1987) film directed by Brian De Palma
ethical
unethical
legalillegal
Cross Culture
Homage
Kill Bill part 1 & 2 (2003) & (2004) by writer/director Quentin Tarantino
ethical
unethical
legalillegal
AMV Homage
Cross Culture
FMA AMV Gimme a Man After Midnight - Abba http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=V_xB-RFOZDs
ethical
unethical
legalillegal
Homage
? Cross Culture
AMV
creating artificial barriers
Samir by Max Gustafson
Law
Contextual & programmed social
rules
Architecture
Contextual & programmed social
rules
NORMS FROM ABOVE
Anti-Piracy Advertisementhttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=l5SmrHNWhak
ANTI-PIRACY AD
REACTION “FROM BELOW”
The IT Crowd - Series 2 - Episode 3: Piracy warning parodyhttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VUNfynI8bdA
IT CROWD PARODY
WHAT TO DO?
“THE FIRST THING WE DO, LET'S KILL ALL THE LAWYERS”
dead TRee as NORM
two dominant truths
1. No cash, No Creation
2. Everything Is property
DIGITALIZATION
CONNECTIVITY
DEVICES
STORAGE
the theoretically possiblebecomes the inevitable…
Anything that is in the world when you’re born is normal and ordinary and is just a natural part of the way the world works. Anything that’s invented between when you’re fifteen and thirty-five is new and exciting and revolutionary and you can
probably get a career in it. Anything invented after you’re thirty-five is against
the natural order of things.
the (slow) death of the analog age… or is it?
four incredible & strange ideas… that WORKED
STALLMAN PROVED EMPIRICALLY THAT ECONOMIC RETURNS WERE NOT A REQUIREMENT FOR CREATION…
But geeks are different?
WALES PROVED STALLMAN’S IDEAS SCALED & APPLIED TO NON-SPECIALIST GROUPS
Men fortfarande klänger vi oss fast vid kulturens skapelsemyt
OSTROM påvisar effektivitet och betydelsen i alternativa modeller av EGENDOMförvandlar TRAGEDI till KOMEDI
LESSIG VILLE HJÄLPA SKAPARE ATT DELA MED SIG AV SITT MATERIAL UTAN ATT FÖRLORA KONTROLLEN
Inget nytt men helt annorlunda!
vi, användare!
2000
2001
2002
2003 2005
2004 2006
Wikipedia
Blog
ger 1
999
Lunarstormdecenniet
2000
2001
2002
2003 2005
2004 2006
Wikipedia
Blog
ger 1
999
Second Life
My Space
Skype
Digg
YouTube
Flickr
Ning
Google c:a 1998
Flickr
2000
2001
2002
2003 2005
2004 2006
Wikipedia
Blog
ger 1
999
Second Life
My Space
Skype
Digg
Ning
YouTube
Spotify
Google c:a 1998
2008
2007 2009
Farmville
iphone
Wikileaks
THEORETICAL & POSSIBLE
BECOMES INEVITABLE
2006 2007
12 timmar senare
THE LICENSING APPROACH
Och om jag vill lägga ut mittmaterial på nätet – hur kan jag ”skydda”
materialet från attanvändas på ett olämpligt sätt?
Det kan du INTE!
att LÅTA BLI är det bästa skyddet
Lev som (intellektuell) CELIBAT
Att KOMMUNICERA är att våga tro att NÅGON kommer förstå…
att minska risker
Strategi nr 1
©
Strategi nr 2
dela FRITT & ÖPPET
RISKMINIMERING
fyra beGRÄNSningar
Upphovsmannen skall omnämnas i skälig omfattning: namn eller pseudonym skall uppges.
Namnet på verket: Om verket saknar namn faller naturligtvis kravet.
Länk till verket: Om det är praktiskt möjligt bör man länka till verket.
Bearbetade Verk: För bearbetade verk bör man berätta hur den ursprungliga verket har bearbetats.
Bevara hänvisningar till upphovsrätt. Om en upphovsman använder (c) Andersson måste man behålla denna text.
Länk till licensen.
THANKS!
Information• All images from/alla bilder från www.flickr.com (unless specifically
stated), (om ej annat anges)
• Image & licensing info in the notes section of slides/bild & licensinfo finns i anteckningsdelen för varje slide
• Presentation licensed/Presentation licensierad under: Creative Commons BY-NC-SA
• The presentation can be downloaded from/Presentationen kan laddas ner från: www.slideshare.net/klang
• More information about me/för mer information om mig: www.techrisk.se & www.digital-rights.net
