Copy Right- Hongqi ZHANG-Department of Anatomy-Fudan

Copy Right- Hongqi ZHANG-Department of Anatomy-Fudan University

Copy Right- Hongqi ZHANG-Department of Anatomy-Fudan University1

Dr.Hongqi Zhang (张红旗)Email: [email protected]

Systematic Anatomy

Angiology – Part 4

Veins



Vessel which return the blood back to atrium

No pulsation,veneous blood, metabolic material,

dark red color

With thin wall, less elasticity & large irregular cavity

With venous valve especially in lower limb,

anastomose to form venous network or plexus

Superficial (subcutaneous) vein common used to

clinic puncture & deep (accompanied) vein

Artery - branch; vein-tributary

General introduction of the veins



With rich anastomosis, varience is common

Special vein:sinuses of dura mater; diploic veins

Cardiac vein system, systemic and pulmonary

circulatory vein system

Drainage factors: venous valve, aspiration of the

heart, negative pressure, pressurization of

neighbouring muscle contracting

General introduction of the vein



In the thoracic cavity, arterial pulsation, gravity &

the change of body position

Venous plexus is easy to bleeding, compressing

can stop bleeding

two vein accompanied one artery in forearm & leg

Superficial vein could be used for venous puncture

Name: from acompanying artery-renal vein,

location-facial, portal v,

General introduction of the vein



Diploic veins Sinuses of dura mater

Special veins


Copy Right- Hongqi ZHANG-Department of Anatomy-Fudan UniversityVenous valve & its function



Cardiac venous system

1-Great cardiac vein2-Middle cardiac vein3-Small cardiac vein

Coronary sinus

Right atrium

1

2

3



Vein of pulmonary circulation-pulmonary vein

Four pulmonary vein: two for each sideCarry the oxygenated blood to the left atrium



1 Left internal jugular v.

2 Left subclavian v.

3 Right brachiocephalic v..

4 Superior vena cava

5 Right venous angle

A few important large veins1

23

4

5



System of inferior vena cava

The vein of systemic circulation

Portal system

System of superior vena cava

Right atrium



Tributaries of the superior vena cava-azygos vein

Azygos vein

Superior vena cava



System of superior vena cava

Receive venous blood fromthe following position

The vein of head & neck

The vein of upper limb

Partial vein of thorax



The vein of the head and neck

Superficial v

Deep v

Distention of jugular veinvenous puncture

1

2

3

45

6Retromandibular vein

Intracranial v

5 Internal jugular v

6 Subclavian v

1 Facial v2 Sup.temporal v3 Ant. jugular v4 Ext. jugular v



Anterior view of the superficial vein in the neck

External jugular vein

Anterior jugular vein



Dangerous triangle:Position & clinic importance

The communication between facial v & intracranial v

Cavernous sinus



Superficial veins of the upper limb

Cephalic vBaslic veinMedial cubital v

Clinic importanceBlood collectingVenous injectionVenous punctureIntubation tube



The type of superficial vein in upper limb



Accompanied with artery

Same name with artery

Deep vein of upper limb

Vv. of the handUlnar, radial v.Brachial v.Axillary v.Subclavian v.Brachiocephalic v.Sup.vena cava



The vein of the thorax

1 Post.intercostal v.

2 Azygos v.

3 Hemiazygos v.

4 Accessory

hemiazygos v.1

23

4


Copy Right- Hongqi ZHANG-Department of Anatomy-Fudan UniversityLeft view Right view

The vein of the thorax

Med

iast

inum



System of inferior vena cavaOrganization:Formed by left & right common iliacveins at the level of the lowerborder of the fifth lumbarvertebrae.Routine:Ascend along the right side of The abdominal part of the aortaAnd enter the right atrium finally.Collecting venous blood scope:To receive the blood from the abdominal wall, abdominal organsand the lower limb



System of inferior vena cava

Veins of the abdomenVeins of the pelvis

Veins of the lower limb

Common iliac v.

Inf.vena cava

R atrium

Internal iliac v.external iliac v.



The vein of the pelvis-internal iliac vein

Receive the venous blood from the pelvis

And accompanied the artery with the same name

Rectal

venous

plexus

Superior rectal v

Inferior

rectal v

Inferior mesenteric v

Internal pudendal v

Inferior rectal vein

Internal iliac vein



Superficial vein of the lower limb

Greater & lesser saphenous vein

Clinic importance

VenipuncturePhlebotomizeVein varicose

Deep vein of the

lower limbAccompanied with the artery with the same name G

reater saphenous vein

lesser saphenous vein



Tributaries of greater saphenous vein

1 lateral superficial femoral v

2 medial superficial femoral v

3 external pudendal v

4 superficial epigastric v

5 superficial circumflex iliac v

1 23

45

Operation of greater saphenousvein- ligation of above tributary



Varicose veins



Edema result from phlebothrombosis of left lower limb



Artributaries of inf.vena cava

Parietalbranches

Subphrenic vv.

Lumbar vv.

Visceral branches

Testicular vv. in maleOvary vv. in femaleRenal vv.Suprarenal gland vv.Hepatic vv.

the vein of the abdomen



After woman is pregnant, why does she developthe swelling in right lower limb sometimes?

Especially pay attention to therelation between right common iliac artery and vein.



Hepatic portal vein

Formed by sup. mesenteric vein and splenic vein

Received venous blood from unpaired organ of

abdominal cavity

Portal v

Splenic v

Sup,mesenteric v

Inf,mesenteric v



Features of hepatic portal vein

Two ends are network of capillaryWithout functional venous valve



To form anastomosis between superior vena cava and inferior vena cava. through esophageal venous plenux, rectal venous plexus and paraumblical venous plexus.

Features of hepatic

portal vein



Abdominal vein－portal vein system

Portal vein Hepatic sinus Inf.vena cavaHepatic vein

tributarise of portal vein

Splenic v.Sup. mesenteric v.Inf. mesenteric v.Left gastric v.Right gastric v.Cystic v.Paraumblical v.



Tributaries of portal vein

Esophageal venous plexus

Superior vena cava

Umblical venous plexus

Sup.& inf. vena cava

Rectal venous plexus

Inferior vena cava

Anastomosis routine between portal vein & caval vein



Esophageal venous plexus

Esophageal venous vein

Hepatic portal v.

Azygos v

Superior vena cava

Left gastric v

Vein varicose of esophageal vein-haematemesis

Anastomosis between portal vein & superior vena cava



paraumblical venous network

hepatic portal vein

horacoepigastric veins

Lateral thoracic vein

Axillary vein

Subclavin

vein

Brachiocephalic vein

inferior epigastric v

external iliac vein common iliac vein

inferior vena cava

Venous Varicose of paraumblical vein

Medusa's head

Anastomosis between sup. and inf.vena cava via paraumblical venous rete

Sup,vena cava



Rectal venous plexus

Inferior rectal veins anal vein

Hepatic portal v

Inferior vena cava

Inferior mesenteric v

Superior rectal v

Rec

tal v

ein

varic

ose-

hem

afec

ia

Anastomosis between sup. & inf.vena cava via portal v



Paraumblical vein varicoseEnlarged spleenHaematemesisHemafeciaHepatic functional lesion

Main symptom after portal hypertension





The end ！

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Copy Right- Hongqi ZHANG-Department of Anatomy-Fudan