•

..

JOHN E. GROSS ..* •

..DURING the -past two and a half years, theunions, personnel departments and the War Man-power Commission have combed the countryagain and again for workers for copper mines.lumbering and logging. and other -essential in-dustries which are vital to the war effort. On thewhole, the iob has been done as a result of thesplendid cooperation of ma ..agement and labor.

I think that every person, regardless of his;ob or his place in the war effort, h.as known thathis country and his way of lif~ were in danger;that the Axis powers presented a real threat toOUrnational life, a threat that could only 'be metthrough an air-out effort.

. Today that threat is iust as real as at anytime during the past two and a half years and toit has bee .. added another danger that comes fromwithin ourselves. We Americans are by nature anoptimistic people. At the moment. we are rid-ing high Oft a wave of over-optimism as a resultof welcome news of military successes on widelyaeparated battle.fronts. But the aobering fact thatthe Axis has not been whipped remains and mustM remembered by every mati and woman untilvictory is actually won.

The U... ted States has now entered the mostcrucial ma ..power and production period of thewar effort. Copper and other non-ferrous metals.lumber, and countless other products are urg-ently needed to fill constantly increasing militaryneeds.

Many workers. fooled by the headlines, havecome to the conclusion that the war is over andnothing more remains to be done. The opposite istrue. It will be necessary to maintain the na-tion's labor force at full strength for many monthsto come. Let's take copper as an example. Asevery,' reader of Copper Commando lenows..opper is absolutely vital to a successful prosecu-.... of the war. It was vital at the o';tset of the• ., and it is vital today. Changes in military.....ategy and military needs call for new types ofequipment that require copper. Within, the lastfew days, there has been a sudden shift which will,.,quire immediate production of a new type ofwater craft for use in the Pacific zones. Thesenew ships will require copper and other metals inhuge quantities. Our great Flying Fortresses andother weapons of offense require metal and Iotaof it.

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f

The Fa~ts Ahout-MANPOWER

A STATEMENT FORMONTANA'S COPPER WORKERS

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John E. Gross, acting re~nal "irector of the War Manpower COMmission in Denver, is theauthor of this article. Mr. Gross, who is charged with administering the programs of the War ManpowerCommission in Montana, Colorado, Idaho. Utah and Wyoming. wishes to bring to our readers thismessage, which he has prepared at the special request of Copper COMmando. Mr. Gross had heldimportaQt posts in labor circles and .in government service. Formerly secretary-treasurer and laterpresident of the Colorado. State Feckrati~n of Labor, he entered government service in 1936 as region-al representative, Bureau of Unemployment Compensation of the Social Security Board .

We believe that Mr. Gross' message will speak for itself atld that he will bring home to those ofus ens:a~ed in the copper industry the true facts concel'ni", the manpower situation. We heartily rec-omlllend this article to all our readers. 'I.

-" The Editors

•

No O..e wants to sermonize. but an of tiS

want to be realistic; an of us want to be honestwith the uniformed' men who are fighting anddying for victory. .

The War Manpower Commissio .., with thecooperatidn and active support. of top flight repre-sentatives of management and labor, i. calling onthe workers of America to stand by their postslike- good production soldiers. If America losesits head in 'this crucial moment and makes a madrush for the less essential and the unessentialiob on the tf{eory that postwar security will begained, there may be no such prize to be grasped.

We've given out' enemies some good leftsand some good rights, but we haven't stretchedthem for the count by any means. They are goodfor quite a few hard rounds ye~. The Germa ..army is a tough, powerful and highly eHicientfighting ntachine; the lapanese navy is still abovewater, and the Japanese army is intad and deadly.

The restlessness that exists today among"me workers is understandable, of course. Ourwar effort is so large that it is difficult for men i..many position's to fully understand it or know allof the facts. When a man reads of a cutback inproduction he is apt to assume that war needshave been met and that all we have to do is re-sume our pre-war ways. That is not the cue, bya.. y means. The very term cut-back is a misnomer.What we are actually undergoing are productionadjustments. We have produced enough of weap-on A so we stop or reduce production on that item.At the same time the demand. of war call foraeme new production Of immediate increase inthe production of some other ~ of equipment.

Another factor to be considered by thosewho produce copper and other natural products isthat a decline in employment in the war manu-facturing. industries does not mean a decline inthe requirements of those industries for non-fer-rous metals or other materials. Better utilizationof workers, technological advances and greaterapplication of the American "know-how" haveenabled industry to produce more finished goodswith fewer lIIen and women.

To meet the gargantuan needs of our armietand our home front production machine. the WarManpower Commission recently extended its pro-gram with a view to adequately staffing essentialindustries until the day of victory. Manpowermeasures that were early applied to the copperand lumbering industries have been extended tothe nation as a whole. In Montana. your stateWar Manpower Commission I?ifector, O. C.Lamport. is administering the extended program.

The program is adapted to Montana require-ments and Montana conditio!'s. Mr. Lamport didnot put the program into effect until he had con-

t

suIted' with management-labor committees. Themembers of those committees, representing theemployers and the workers of Montana, approvedthe plan and are supporting it in its operationsiust as management and labor representativeselsewhere in the country have approved and aresupporting the WMC program in their states andareas,

In this c;Onnection, Iwould like to pay trib-ute to the fi..e,jo" that has been done by thecopper industry. A vast majority of. the workershave proven their loyalty and devotion to ourarmed forces,time and again by sticking to thei ..iobs. day after day, month after month, and yearafter year. We've all heard and talked about ab-senteeism and quits, but those who know the cop-per indus ....y know that these practices can be as-cribed only to the minority. A large majority ofthose engaged in copper production have not onlyturned out an unbelievable amount of copper, butthey have worked to bring additional workersinto the ~ndustry, to eliminate preventable ab-lenteeism and turnover. They have wbrked cheer-fully with new and inexperienced men. They havehelped train and upgrade newcomers to the in-dudry.

Copper has been aftd retn~ins one of th~most ea ...... ial and vital war materials. and mu"l'continue to be produced on a wartime scale untilthe last shot is fired. I know that the copper in-du.... y.... aug .... ent and employes. wiU do "'atlob.

O.c.~W...a r ManpowerCommission c1iree-tor, I_ted atReIeaa. Ik. Lam-pori bM charge of.. 'drierill&' tbeWMC extendedpreffI'IUIl i. M--tafta. Tbill pro-",I'M is related,among othel' in-dustrie8, to t h •.0 p per indust.-y,as the article onthis page by Mr.Gross tells yo....

{;opper{;o__ ando

VOL 11· AUCUST 4, 1944. NO. 25.

,*In This Issue:

/

MAN POWER .. _ _ _ _ 2

This is a statement of interest to all of us fromJohn E. Gross, Acting Regional Director of theWar Manpower Commission.

A STATEMENT .. _ _.__ _ .._ _ _._._ _3With the manpower sit~ation troubling all of us,Copper Commando invited Mr. D. M. Kelly, Vice-President of the Anaconda Copper Mining Com-pany, and Charles Black, Butte Miners' Unionrepresentative on the Victory Labor-ManagementProduction Committee and its labor .chairman, tocomment.

MACHINE SHOP SHOTS ._._ .._ _.__ _ _ 5Cet alquainted with a few more of the boys fromthe Machine Shop at Creat. Falls.

PAY DAY FOR JOHN DOE _ __ _ 6Few of us know the planning and the work behindour pay checks. Here's a behind-the-scenes pic-ture story of the planning that must be done be-fore the checks are issued.

PIPE TH IS •......... _ _ " _ _10We recently paid a visit to the Pipefitters at theAnaconda Reduction Works. Here's a chancefor you to meet these boys at ftrst hand.

A RECORD .. _.._ __. ._ .......•.... _.. 12

The Anselmo crew has hung up a good safetyrecord. Here's the story about it, with picturesof the miners who have done the job.

*COPPER COMMANDO is the official newspaper~f the Victory Labor-Management ProductionCommittees of the Anaconda Copper MiningCompany and its Union Representatives at Butte,Anaconda, Creat Fails· and East Helna, Montana.It i issued every two weks ••• COPPER COM-MANDO is headed by a joint committe fromLabor and Mana,ement, its policies are shaped byboth sides and are dictated. Ity neither ••• COP-PER COMMANDO was established at the ree-OMmendation of the War Department with theconcurrence of the War Production BOMd. Itsediton ar~ 80b Newcomb and Marg SimmCMt';. its safety editor is John L Boardman; its chiefphotographer is AI Cusdorf; its staff photographeris Les Bihop ••• Its Editorial Board consiits of:De"i. McCarthy, CIO; John F. BKd, AFL; EdReROuard, ACM, from Butte; Dan Byrne, CIO;Joe Marick, AFL; C. A. Lemmon, ACM, fromAnaconda; Jack Clark, CIO·; HeYb Donaldson,AFL, and E. S. Bardwell. ACM, from Creat Falls.••. COPPER COMMANDO is mailed to the homeof every employee of ACM in the four locations-if you. are not reciving your copy, avise COP.PER COMMANDO at 112 Hamilton Street,Butte, or better still, drop i" and tell us. This i,Vol. 2, No. 25.

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MANPOWEREDITORS' NOTE: Because the manpower situation has affected manywar production communi"ies throughout the United States, includingButte, the editors of Copper Commando, the official newspaper of theVictory Labor-Management Production Committees, have invited Mr.D. M. Kelly, vice-president of the Anaconda Copper Mining Company,to discuss the situation for the benefit of our readers. We are pleasedto present not only Mr. Kelly'S message, but also the statement of fvfr.Charles Black, labor chairman of the Butte committee and member ofthe Butte Miners' Union .(CIO)'

THIS is without doubt the world'sgreatest war and it moves with suchswiftness that it is not always easy tofollow it.

Every person in the country, letalone the world. is influenced by the dailymovements of war.

One of the biggest factors in upset-ting the normal state of the times is thegreat drain made upon manpower by theArmed Services and by war production in-dustries.

Because so ma_ny people appear tomisunderstand the manpower situation, Ithought I would like to talk to you.through the pages of your Labor-Manage-ment Committee newspaper, to try to ex-plain just what the situation is. I wish Icould talk to all of you personally, butsince I cannot, I address this message toyou metals workers of the Anaconda or-ganization.

We are troubled with a manpowersituation and have been for some months.It has recently reached the point where,because of the calls by Selective Service,and of other wartime industries, we havehad to make alterations in our operatingsystem in order to try to maintain thecopper quotas which the Armed Servicesexpect of us.

As most of us know. Butte has beenoperating as a mining camp for some sev-enty years. During that time the Buttehill has produced more metal, with agreater usefulness to our country .. thanany area of its size on this continent.During the present war, we have beenproducing copper at a rate as great as thatduring the past war. This vast produc-tion, in behalf of the Armed Forces, has

resulted from the co-operation betweenlabor and management. At the begin-ning of this war, the Company had a suf-ficient supply of manpower to operate itSproperties on a seven-day basis. For thatireason, we were able to produce the tre.,mendous quantities of the metals thatwere then so badly needed. But as thedemands of the Armed 'Services grew an"as wartime industries in other areassprang up, our manpower supply waswhittled down. The drains on our man-power supply were so great that the Com-pany found itself, several months ago, irfthe position where it simply didn't haveenough men to operate the mines on aseven-day basis. We were thereforeobliged to go to the six-day basis.

As we all know, the manpower sit-uation throughout the country has be-come worse rather than better. Sometime after the shift to the six-day basis,the manpower shortage compelled us toclose down one of the shafts in order touse the remaining manpower in othenmines where the same effort per man:would result in greater daily copper pro-duction. In other words. by closing downa shaft and transferring those men to amore productive location, greater copper;production. could be had. And, after all"copper production was what Uncle San1was asking of us. Meanwhile the ArmedServices continued to take men out of theButte area-it seems to me that Montanaonce again is doing its great share in sup-plying the Armed Forces-and we wereforced to close another shaft ..

These shafts were not closed becausewe wanted them closed-they were shut!down because the government wanted

.metal production and it was possible toprovide greater quantities by closing downone shaft and placing those men in amore productive place.

The copper crisis seems to be easing.irhanks to the hard work and the patrioticefforts of both labor and management, wefind that our country is supplied withadequate metals for its war purposes pro-vided steady production is maintained.Naturally this has been at a cost of al-most a complete withdrawal of such met-als from civilian and 'domestic uses, Butthat means that, while we are over thehump, we must continue to produce ifthis war is to be won soon,

The Anaconda Company is employ-Ing every man it can obtain for the pro-auction of copper. Naturally, with thereduction in miners breaking ore, fewersurface men are required, For this reason,we cannot 'always guarantee to employsurface workers because our great need'is for the miner. But ~IJ miners will beemployed, Further we have trained andare training many without previous min-Ing experience. More than 3,000 menhave already been trained in our miningschool, being paid days' wages during thecourse of instruction. I gather from thenewspapers that the demand for addi-tional men for the Armed Services hasreached and probably passed its peak.Hereaft~r, some say, the demand willtaper to the point that those young fel-lows becoming eighteen years of age willbe sufficient for Army and Navy needs.ifhis is good news to me, as it is to all ofyou, but the fact remains that Anaconda'sproduction of copper from the Butte hillhas suffered greatly solely because of thevast loss of manpower here,.1 The government has been kept in- .formed of all these facts regularly. ReR-resentatives of organized labor- here haJeco-operated with the Company thorough-ly in pointing out to Washington whatwould result from the continued with-drawal of men from the mines into, thet\rmed Forces and into other industries ..

I HAVE read Mr.. Kelly's statement verycarefully and have examined the evidencelo support his statements. I feel that thisis a complete and accurate picture of oursituation, and I hope that every worker inButte and his family read this article.

It is true, as Mr. Kelly has said, thatwe have 'had many of our men go into the~rmea Forces, and it is also true that toomany of our men have left Butte in themistaken notion that they wilt benefit bydoing so.

I have been a Butte miner myself fora great many years, so I can speak thelanguage, If I were toying with the ideaof moving to another industry, I think Iwould figure several things out first. Iwould think twice before leaving myhome, dragging off my family and leavingmy friends for some promised land over'the next range. I would want to knowJust where I was going, what I was goingto do and whether I was qualified to doIt, under what conditions I would live.

D. M. KELLY:

The government decided, before the inva-sion of Europe began, that it needed themen more than copper. None of us hereis a military expert, so it is certainly notup to us to quarrel with the views of thosewho are running the war. You and I aresimply soldiers of production, and whenwe are called upon to serve, that is whatwe do. Many of us have sons or relativesin the services, and while we are not .onthe fighting fronts ourselves, we all feelit our duty to take orders just as the boys .themselves must do.

If we were able to obtain sufficientmen to man the mines adequately, wewould open and produce from every cop-per mine owned by the Anaconda Com-pany in the Butte district.

I hope that I have stated the situa-tion to you so that it is clearly understoodby all. The manpower situation has af-fected a great many industries all over

CHARLES BLACK

the country during the war, and we aremerely one of the industries which haspledged itself to the production of thevital materials for war purposes. Wehave hated to see our good miners with-drawn from work here. But it is solelybecause of these heavy drains on our ownmen that we have been obliged to closeless productive shafts so that the men canbe transferred to more productive places.This helps give Uncle Sam the metals heexpects of us,

As Mr,' John E. Gross of the WarManpower Commission has already ob-served in an article in this issue of Cop-per Commando, "The workers of Amer-ica are being called upon to stand by theirposts like good production soldiers." 'Iwould be at fault if I were not here andn?w to express my own personal thanksand the thanks of all the executives of theAnaconda Copper Mining Company to themen of Butte who have stuck to thei rjobs. These men, many of whom havesons in the service as I have, are deter-mined that this war cannot be ended ifessential war workers do not stay on theirJobs. We feel a debt of gratitude to thesemen. Along with former employees re-turning from the Armed Services, theseworkers are entitled to first consideration,for jobs in the future. It is only naturalthat we want to stick by the men whohave stuck by us.

,

)

* • •I have often been asked this ques-

tion: What does the future hold for us?I don't think that any man in his rightmind can accurately predict what the fu-ture holds for anybody. We are facedwith vast national and international prob-lems. And the whole of American indus-try is in the same boat. This much is cer-tain: If, after the war, we can return toa st~te of industrial normalcy, the copper'industry should and will take its formerplace among the great industries of thecountry.

D. M. KELLY.

•and how much more it would cost me tolive there. I would want to know whether,out of my wages, I could save anythingfor the future. But most of all, I wouldwant to know how fong my job wouldlast. Speaking for myself, Iwould prefera job which had a chance to last ratherthan one I knew darned well couldn't lastlong. I think anybody would. But wemust stop and consider these things.

We copper miners are in war pro-duction. We are just as important, everysingle bit, as the fellows who build tanksand planes and ships. They can't buildany of those things unless we producecopper': And the war will take just thatmuch longer to win.

r think any fair-minded man will ad-mit the soundness of Mr. Kelly's remarks.They are, as far as I am concerned, a com-mon-sense appeal. They certainly answera lot of the questions the boys have beenasking, and I know will set a lot of usstraight.

CHARLES BLACK.

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Ma~hine Shop ShotsI ./

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IN) a previous issue we've introducedyou to some of the boys in the MachineShop at the Great Falls Reduction Works,but it's a big shop and too big to be cov-ered in one issue. So we had to breakit up into three parts. This is the secondand there's another coming. The day wewere there four of the regular shop menwere working on jobs outside the Shop.

We went back to get a picture of themfor we knew you'd want to meet them alland here they are in the picture. to thetop. Left to right, are: Peter Matz,Claude Smith, William Smith and JamesEdseth. .

At the same time we got this shot.Pete McCallum called in the five main-tenance machinists who work out of the.

shop but put in full time as maintenancemen for particular operations. In the bot-tom picture, left to right. are Henry Hat-field. Herman Peterson, Murray Mct-licol,Grant Hangen and Harry Grandstaff.Henry is at the Furnace Refinery; Hermanat the Electrolytic Copper Refinery; Mur-.ray and Grant at the Electric Tram De-partment and Harry is at the Rod Mil],

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'...1

81123 ANACONDA COPPER MININC COMPANY• 8l1n'£ MINES D£PARTMEHT; EMploy«', S'oI~mc,,' ,,/ £.trnln,.. ..i 0.,J"",;",.. fo, ,,..W.. .t &./In...

Ir•I¥

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WAR RELIEF"GROUP INSURANCEUNION DUESHEALTH INS PRE,..CALL FOR BONO

. 9 9 9 9 9 I Sl:rm~~"$WotflnlN'o. _ occ._·1Io1E0I0I"" ttll'.,JnopJ .. f""l~ in [.at" ....

Tltr, -'.'~ffkJ'll I. ,., it ttlaln~r1 6t1 JOOOf • r«lml 0/ goUI ~Q",j(lll' onJ J~JfIC,tWn.

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81123

4 !"toZ~ 0t;;to1 I! 521J9

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ANACONDA COPPER MIN INC COMPANY 99457BUTTE ~tI'ES DEPARTMENT

&pHy«', SJukml"' 0/ EIl,,,',,f'_I CkJvt';"'u fOl Ifttt "'(It EfHliftf:

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WAR ~ONOS·UNION DUESGROUP IN&URANCEto4e:ALTH INS PREMcia wAR RELIEFCALL. F'OR BONO

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.... t~_,J 0/ YO'l' '''~(linrJ oml J«I!I(Htwt.~..

Above are specimen checks issued by the Ana-. conda Copper Mining Company to miners. Thecheck which appears at the top is issued in pay-

[504:7.1!z s1;202~ 92~ 0

!

ANACONDA COPPER MINING COMPANYTo <It" Farm,$"" o( lhe BUff(: Mines Depmm<:ne 8UTliE.. MONT4NA

P.y 10 ehe Ord<:r Of: Io~:;~ ~JOHN 00£ •

81123

MENo\mo.,,.

9 9 9 9 9' Exactly *55 Dollars 79 Cents/1.01 Valid Fo« 0.., 115'0.11_

P..,ui(, A<Metals 8ank 8< Trust Compa ....

auu e, \,.o,u.,,_. 9j..J

ANACONDA COPPER MINING COMPANYTo ,lot ,,"ym.><;tr of ,he Ou... Mi_ Dcp>f<OlClle ~T£. MONTMA

P\4~ to d~ OnleY Of .. tt~~.!O:':-~!!i~t:;~JOHN OOE

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99457 I

99"9 Exactly *37 Dolla"$ 20 Ce-tt/S

No/.Valid For 0_ 175 DoIlo,.1>.. .4" At

Meta" Bank 8< Trust CompllnJ'ai.lCCY. "Oftca,u .J.$

ment of contract earnings and is deseribed below.The second check is a specimen of a day's paycheck, which shows the six day earnings of

LOTS of our people m.ight think that apay check just writes itself. Certainlyfew of us have stopped to realize the vastamount of work involved in preparing aworker's pay check. Today, with a pos-sible twenty-two deductions for govern-ment, unions, War Bonds, contributions,etc., ~iguring a pay check accurateJy is a

whale of a big job. All of these calcula-tions are done by modern business ma-chines, and it costs many thousands ofdollars a year to insure the accuracy ofthe checks and to get them to the menon time. This is the first of a series oftwo articles on Pay Day for John Doe.HOPE you enjoy reading it..

Few miners are probably familiar with this office,which is the Mines Office on North Ma\n street.All the records of every miner are kept here. Itis a large, light, and busy room. As you will ,ath-

er from reading this article, there is a vast amountof detail involved in drawing checks for em-ployees. In the old days it was a simple mattet'but now it's a different story.

$50.39, less deductions for War Bonds, uniondues, group insurance, health insurance. CIOwar relief, income tax and social security.

*~ OHN DOE is a miner, any miner.There really is no such men as John Doe;his is a made-up name. He's you and youand you and a lot of other fellows.

Each week John Doe collects hischeck as a miner in the Butte mines. Andwe thought maybe you'd like to know thestory behind that check.

The pay check isn't just somethingthat is passed through pay windows. Itis the result of long planning, hard workand the investment of quite a lot ofmoney. A few years ago, it was a fairlysimple matte..- to make up a pay check.There weren't any deducttons and no par-ticuJar~ t<>ughcakulations to make.

But along came Social Security andWa.r Bonds and gr~p insurance and hos-pitalization and old age benefits, and a•flock of others. The withholding tax isthe toughest to handle.

Today there are twenty deductionsappeari1'1g on the Butte Mines Depart-ment weekly payroll. In case you're in-t-erested, they are: Group insurance, hos-pital (St. James), hospital (Murray).r.ent, income tax, federal old age bene-fit-s. Mi1'1ef's'UA~on dues, Miners" Union~es. Wa·r Bonds, health insuraflCe, trans-portation, National War Fund, CIO WarRelief, Engineers' dues, Engineers' fees,hats, belts and accessories, gloves, boots,glasses, and Red Cross.

The contractor whose check appearsabove has, as you can see, deductionsmade for War Bonds. CIO War Relief,group insurance, union dues. and health

..

In the Mines Office these girls are key punchingearnings cards from time books. They are IreneWirkkenen, Helen Dee, Eileen Sullivan, LorraineDougherty, Betty Ivey and Alice Powers. Notpresent were Anna Chope and Jean Anderson. Atthe upper right is J. M. Fitzpatrick, chief clerk.

I

insurance. He worked six days, earned$73.06, his income tax was .an even$5.00, and his total pay check worked'out to $55.79. There is also a notifica-tion to call for a Bond which he has paidfor through accumulated deductions.When John's check was passed throughthe window at the mine Pay Office, hesaw listed at the left the amount of de-ductions and what the deductions werefor.

Behind John's check. at the Mines'Pay Office and at the General Officeacross the street. is a vast mechanicalnetwork. These machines were createdby International Business Machines-Cor-poration, and the Anaconda Companypays an annual rental of roughly $60.000just to compute the variety of earningsand deductions and to get the checks tothe men promptly and accurately. Theinstallation was made in anticipation ofabout 8,000 miners working in the Buttecamp; naturally the manpower shortagehas greatly reduced this number ... Itwasfar from a simple matter to set up a tabu-lating system for keeping an in~ividualrecord of each worker.

The preparation of a weekly pay-roll of $383.62291 used to require thewriting of 12,000 checks in the dayswhen every 'miner received a check forev~ry contract or job he worked on. Un-der the present system each man receivesonly one complete check which includesall his pay for all jobs during the week.This results in approximately 8,000. checks.

So let's follow this pay check and'see what's behind it: Let's assume thatJohn Doe works at day's pay and on con-tract at the Leonard, a Monday mine,then quits. He may obtain an open rollor quit certificate and check before theend of the week. But if he wants to re-ceive the earned rate for his contract

Here IS another shot in the Mines Office. The twomen at the right are Charles Bruce and FrankJohnson. They are sorting the punched ,cardswhich help keep a record of employee earningsand deductions. Fred Cilmore at left.

The Mines Office is a busy and, efficient place.Here are four folks you should know. That's BiltMcCarthy standing at the left, and John Sullivanstanding at the right. Mae Callagher and JimDugan are seated at the desk.

Here"s a close-up of tabulating machines onwhich checks are being written. From left to rightget acquainted with John Hogan, Hadley Hollo-way, Frank O'Neil and Pat Connelly. This roomreally hums with activity when the checks startrolling off for the boys.

These machines are known as reproducing andmultiplying machines. They measure the ratetimes the days worked in order to obtain the em-ployee's total weekly earnings. The men ctI'G

Charles McGonigle, Pat Connelly and James Lee.all experts at their business.

Meet AliceJowers. She is a typi$t in the MinesOftice. At the right is Catherine Butko who i.posting ear';ngs records which show by weeksthe time worked, amount earned and taxes de-ducted each week for every employee.

Camille Maffei and Mary Francis Laird are liSltingchecks in numerical order and obtaining ""tal,which balance the amount of checks to the PlY-roll figures. Every operation is checked and re-checked to make certain there is no error.

Signing cliecks at the check-writing machine.These checks Me in a continuous strip of 3,000.:1"hese are later cut into individual checks on an-oth~r machine. 1:hat is W. R. M~Cinnis, paymas-ter, at the left and Timothy Sullivan at the right.

work, he must wait until the end of theweek when the contract is measured.

Let's assume again that, after hequits the Leonard, he immediately shiftsover to the Tramway and works on two,different contracts during the remainderof the week. His time is checked againstthe place worked each day i~ the timebook. This- time book is written beforethe start of the week on the machine inthe Mines Office to insure the accuracyof name spelling, number, exemptioncode, etc. John Doe, and -every other em-ployee, has his working number and itmust be correct. as all earnings data areaccumulated azainst this working num-ber. If. the number weren't correct, someother worker would be liable to receivecredit. .

If John Doe hasdrawn an open rollcheck for his day's pay earnings at the~.Leonard, the weekly withholding taxwhich applies to this amount has beendeducted. Therefore, any other earningshe may have must be 'added to this

. amount in order 'to determine his fullWithholding tax, and the difference be-tween this and what he has paid is theamount to be deducted from his regularroli earnings. Because a miner may movearound, or change the nature of his work,his withholding tax must be carefullymeasured for Uncle Sam. At the end ofthe 'week, when the time books are-sentto the Mines Office, they are rechecked.

Cards are punched with shifts andamounts earned for day's pay work, but

In the same office we find Alice O'Neil and EfmerCIMk. Elmer is in charge of the oHice. This i. anImportant part of Mines' Officf' operation altdcalls for prompt and eHicielit work on the partof there.

Checking ti ....e book, and finished checks. FlurrySullivan, Albert Squires, James Lee, Albert Hoek-illg and Ross Richardson Me shown here ill theMines Office working at payroll NCorch. This ica-:simportant part of the work.

shifts only for contract work as contractrates are not yet known.

When the contract measurementsare received, cards are punched with the,number and rates: There are over eightyday rates and over seven hundred con-tract rates to be figured. The cards areautomattcally associated with the con-tract earning cards and all cards are-thenplaced in a multiplying machine. Thismachine determines the shifts times therates and thee over-time shifts times theovertime rates and then punches thetotal earnings. All this, as we have said,is done by a multiplying machine, whichis quite a gadget.

All cards-each employee has a cardof his own as we have told you-are thensorted according to working numbers.These have to be made up into totalweekly earnings cards for tax purposes.These cards are sorted by amount and taxexemption code and then are punchedwith the correct amount of income tax.That takes care of income tax, but thenthey are put through multiplying ma-chines to determine the Social Securitytax, and finally the net amount of payafter both taxes. After they are finishedwith these .earnings cards, they are re-sorted according to working number fordeductions items such as John Doe hason his check. These are also sorted inworking number order arid are filed withthe earnings and tax cards, in the collat-ing machine.

When the information about all em-

At one end of the Pay Office ic the counter de-yotetl to group insurance information, cash pay-ments, etc. That i. Marie Regan at the left ittconversation with HMlleY O'Meara. The groupinsurance records are kept in an adjoining oHice.

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These five girls maintain the f!lec of union due$aad fees and War IBond ",bscriptions. Getacquainted with Lorraine Renouard, Eleanor Far;rell, Catherine Bigelow, Viola Flillt and LorettaPete.s.

ployees is finally gathered, a preliminarypayroll is tabulated. This sheet shows for~ach employee his working number andname, days worked, amount earned,taxes, other deductions, and amountdue. The cards themselves are runthrough .a tabulating machine whichprints the final payroll.

.We're still not through with the ma-chines: through another t-abulating ma-chine, the cards print the checks; asample of which heads this article. Thenthe checks are listed and balanced onan adding machine and signed and datedby a check-signer. Then the checks, whichcome off in long ·perforated rolls, are cutinto individual checks on what is calleda bursting machine. At this point, thechecks have fo be sorted out accordingto number, and the stubs are sent to thetimekeepers for distribution to the men.Up to a few months ago, as we all know,distribution of the checks was made atthe Mines Pay- Office; now payment ismade at the mines themselves, as thepictures on our front cover show you.

All punched earning cards are sorted..together at intervals and summarized intoa quarterly statement totalling the shifts,eMnings, and taxes for that period. These

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summary cards are used to print the fed-eral Social Security returns and the MOn-tana .State Unempk>yment InS4.Kance ra-port. At the end of the year quarterlysummary cards are in turn lumped intoa yearly card for use in reporfing theseamounts to Internal Revenue.

Dan M..rphy, Robert Darraugh, John Lantz,Michael Lowney and John Harrington followeach new employee's working record to qualifyhim for i..... raACeand see that prenHuIIM are c.I--leered for all insured Men. .

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LET'S KEEP COl NC!TH ERE are a few harsh facts about thewar which more people should under-stand. The entire 'country is gradually be-ing lulled into a belief that, once the'in-vasion of France was taunched, the warwas in the bag•.

Military experts are painfully awarethat the invasion is not progressing any-where near as well as ev.eryone hoped itwould. The arm-chair strategists figuredthat once we had established a beach-head on the Continent the United Na-tions juggernaut would roll across thecountry and right into Berlin. This wasand is absolute nonsense. We are pro-ceeding by inches. The Na%i fightingmachine is battling for its very life, and. it is puHing up a stiffer fight than welooked for. It is .true that the great Luft-waffe, ·two years ago the greatest airarmada in military history, seems to bepretty ineffective. The military leadersfeel that the airplane building plants ofGermany have been so wrecked by ourbombings that production has been dras-tically cut. Those planes which remainmust be scattered over too many fronts toenable the Cerman air force to render anyall-out assault at anyone point.

But actually that is about the only'note concerned with the invasion fromwhich we have a right to draw any genu-ine cheer. We are moving ahead, yes, andby doing it slowly and at great cost 06men and materials.

Equally, in the Pacific, we are stillisland-hopping.

Those of us who look ahead happilyto the lush post-war days with fancy au-tomobiles and air-conditioned homes andall the gasoline we want, should bear thisin mind: we won't have any of thosethings until this fracas is over. Therewill be no material lessening of controlsover our liv.s and our purses until weget this thing seHlid. And the longer wedil~y-dally on the subject, the longer itwill take to reali%e our dreams. Mean-while we uninte ..tionally postpone theday when our soldier boys can return.

This war isn't over yet by a damned'sight, and we won't be able to dp any

. post-war planning of any consequenceuntil we get that through our noodles andget the war over. We can't have anyeconomic balance or freedom from regu-lation of prices, or emergence from otherirksome controls until this war is definite-ly and finally in the bag.

People (,-' PlacesIN THE OFFICERalph Clark of the Navy Air

Forces stopped in the office. when he was home on furlough.Ralph, who joined the Navythree years ago, when he wasseventeen, is a flight engineeron bombers. Bombers justdon't stay in one spot, so Ralphis away from his base Quite alot. However, planes bringmai I to the boys wherever theyare stationed and Ralph saidthe boys really look forward toit. "But," he continued, "if wearen't at our original base whenCopper Commando comes in,we don't get it, for the rest ofth~ boys swipe it and we neverget a chance to see it. It'sworn out from handling by tlietime we get back to our base.THe fellows at the base enjoyit so much that they just won'tlet it go out with the rest ofthe mail to us on location."

From a visitor the other daywe learned that in Our Febru-ary 4 issue of Copper Com-mando on page eight in the pic-ture showing the soldiers in theSouth Pacific' buying WarBonds a Butte boy, Bob Osier,

• was in the group. Bob gradu-ated from the Central highschool. His mother and grand-mother live at Columbia Gar-dens.

NOT TO BE,FORGOTTENOne of those things we can't

get out of our minds happenedwhen the crew of Hell's Angelbomber was here. As we wereon the tour of the plant atAnaconda, one of the fellowsfrom the plant said that AlbertAubertin, for e man of theBlacksmith Shop, wanted tosee Sergeant Touhey. We wentover with Sergeant Touhey tosee him. Albert had a huntingknife which he had made forhis son, Leo, who was killed inaction on the Sicilian Front.Because Albert's son had donework similar to Sergeant Tou-hey's for Uncle Sam, Albertwanted him to have this hunt-ing knife and use it. listeningto Albert tell Sergeant Touheyof his son made us realize morethan ever just what this war isall about and how important .itis that we all do all we can andthen a little more to get it over.The parents of the boys outthere fighting are doing apretty fine job of fighting onthe Home Front, and nobodyexcept the mothers and dadsknow just how really toughit is.

BATTER UP!The Anaconda Juniors were

the first Anaconda Mill andSmeltermen's baseball team,and when we ran across a pic-ture of them the other day. wethought you'd like to see them,They date back to 1906- 1907.One of thei r greatest victorieswas recorded against the Ana-conda senior team with a scoreof 13 to 5, and with a $250kitty for the winner.

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Along with the picture of theAnaconda baseball team of1906. we thought you'd liketo see this picture of ButteMiners' Union No. 1 team of1943. In the bottom row,cleft to right, are: Hensley, Col-lins, Girard, Little and Hilzta-ler. Middle row, left to right,are: Herzog, Michalsky. Syl-vain, Zigzich, Phillips, Sper-mic and Hill. Top row, leftto right, are: Lacey, Rauh,Meampa, Hockaclfy,' Bollin-ger, Gray, Orlich, Reese andHubber. As you'll notice fromthe pictures, the' years have

brought about Quite a fewchanges in the uniforms. ForOUrmoney, we'd say the pres-

I ent-day uniforms are a whaleof a lot more comfortable.

The Sports Committee of theButte Miners' Union is spon-soring a team this year, too. Theseason started in May and willend in August unless too manyrain checks are handed out, inwhich event it wiN carry overinto September. Games areplayed on Sunday, Wednesdayand Thursday of each week atthe Clark ball park. Gamesscheduled are with other teamsof the Butte Copper league.

The boys, top row, left toright, are: Earl Tucker, BartHogan, I. E. Clifford (man-aged. M. P. Mahoney (presi-dent of the local union), JohnMorris and P. Finnegan. Mid-

die row, Rudy Barich, WalterGavin, Frank McEachran, Et..mer Hogan, Joe Morony. Bot-tom row. Chester Hughes andWillie McEac;hran. They werethe Anaconda Juniors of 1906.

WORKING as pipefitters do all over •the Hill in maintenance and construc-tion work of gas, water, steam and airlines, it's hard to find many of them ata time in the Shop. The top picture showsthe ones who happened to be in the daywe visited the Shop which is located inthe Machine Shop building at the Smelterat Anaconda. Bottom row, left to right,are John Marinkovich, Charles Sandersand Bill Leckie. Top row, left to right, areif. c. Keenan (he's better known as "But-ter"). John Hogan. Tony Domitrovich,shop foreman, and Jack Adams, superin-tendent of the pipefitters. The balance of

the sixty-four members of the crew wereout on jobs. One of their big jobs recent-ly was the pipe installation for the newslime plant east of the concentrator. Thesl ime must be "washed" or in otherwords mixed with water to a consistencyto be pumped to the concentrators. Thatjob required not only the installation ofpipes for the wash work but pumps aswell. Another job recently finished bythe pipefitters was the change over job atthe concentrators. Around a hundred ormore jobs come in each week from thevarious departments such as the zincleaching, the reverberatory furnaces, theconcentrators, the manganese flotation,

Pipe This!

*Sixty-four men are em'ployed as pipefit-

ters and helpers at the Smelter at Ana-

conda. It's up to these boys to do all the

pipefitting not only for the Smelter butfor the Acid Plant, the Brick Yard and the

water system west of town. Pipefitters

. are called in most always when there is ~

maintenance or construction work to be

done on the Hill.

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the Power Plant, the phosphate plant, andmany others.

The lower left picture shows GrantWilbur, a pipefitter at the Oliver FilterPlant. He installs new filters and pumpsand does other pipe repair work 'forthe Plant, as well as a lot of work at theslime flotation plant. Grant started as ahe 1per at the Shop in Anaconda in 1916and has stayed right on. When we gotthat shot of him he was taking off aflange. As you can see in the picture, aflange has holes in it so that the bolts canbe inserted in it and that's the way thepipes are held together. It's necessary toremove and replace the flanges for corro-sion eventually results in a leak.

Another oldtimer in the PipefittersShop is Robert Gale shown in the lowerright opposite page picture. Bob startedas a helper in 1911. He's putting on a

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tee to be used on a sprinkler for the firesprinkler system in the buildings. That'sa pipe vise holding the pipe steedy whilehe puts the busrung into the tee ..

Tony Domitrovich, shop foreman,looks on whiTe Bill Leckie threads a pipein the top picture. Tony has been in theShop for the last thirty-one years. He toostarted as a helper and eight months agowas made foreman. Bitl is an apprenticehelper. Threading a pipe, as Bill ex-plained it, means that the grooves are cutin the end of the pipe which enables thepipe to pe screwed into another pipe injoining them together.

Pete Peterson. helper, and John Ho-gan, pipeHtter, are cutting and t;l-lreading

.. . ,a pipe in t~ middle picture to the right.The pipe on which they're working is tobe used for the steam heat line on theHill. Pete is preparing to thread the 'Pipe-you can see the die which-he witluse.The dies come in various diameters forthe various pipes-some are two inches.others three inches, etc .

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. Assignment of all jobs for mainte-nance and construction work requiringthe services of pipefitters is made byTony Domitrovich, shop foreman. andJack Adams, superintendent. shown K1the lower right shot .

The lower left shot shows Tony andBill Leckie soldering a pipe for the sewerline for the new change house in the Ma-chine Shop budding. The boys wereworking in the Plumbing Shop at the- timethe picture was taken.

Nineteen men have gone into serv-ice from the Pipefitters Shop ~nd theyhave a service fla~ han~ing to remind each.man each day that it's up to him to dohis part to helo win the war the same asthe nineteen boys are doing. The pipefit-ters will tell you that they're all goodbond buyers, too.

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(

THE'BOYS

HANG

UP'A

RECORD'

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T HIS crew of men under the supervision of Sam Casne has worked a total of 3992,

man shifts in the six months from January 1 to June 3D, 1944, without any r:nem-

ber of the crew suffering a lost-time inj ury. These boys are from the Anselmo.

During this six-month period, there were twenty-four other bosses' crews which

worked the full period without any mem ber of the crew being injured. The total

shifts under these bosses, including the crew of Sam Casne, is 62,133 shifts.

It goes without saying that this is areal safety .record and the boys pictured

here deserve a round of applause from a II of us ...

,The names of the men shown here a re: front row, left to right, Joe Kosmack,

W. C. Printz, Carl Hildebrandt, Paul Gollner, Jack Branscom, Joe Halter, Joe

Spear and Charles Nicholls; second row, W. T. Duckham, safety engineer; Tal-

madge Rhodes, George Green, Bill Tregear, Don McGarvey, Harold Kelley, Bob

Evans, Ray Silver, Edgar Franklin, and Pete Verbonich; third row, Victor Howard,

assistant foreman, Chester Heaney, Amos West, Herbert Weldon, Wynn Garwood,

Merle Arrington, George Orzalli, Bert Triner, [ohn Murphy and Sid Bartle; last row,

Henry Callison, foreman, W. R. Russert, assistant superintendent of mines, Sam Casne,

shift boss, Joe Karlin, Eli Bad~ch, Tom Harvey, William Morkunas, Tony Murvich,

Tony Patrick, James Otis. Charles Kelsey and Roussel Craig. Manuel Chelini, regular

assistant foreman on the beat, was on vacation at the time the picture was taken.

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*August 4, 1944