Copernicus IntroductionBucharest, Romania – 7th & 8th November 2013

Contents

IntroductionGMES CopernicusSix thematic areas

InfrastructureSpace data

An introduction to Remote Sensing

In-situ data

ApplicationsSummary & Questions

Introduction

GMES Copernicus"By changing the name from GMES to Copernicus we are paying homage to a great European scientist and observer: Nicolaus Copernicus” – Antonio Tajani, European Commission Vice President

Copernicus – Understanding our planetEuropean Programme to collect data and provide informationEnhance SafetyContribute to Europe’s strategy for growth and employmentMonitor climate changeManage natural resources

Air qualityOptimise agricultural activitiesPromote renewable energy

Disaster managementEmergency management

Six thematic areasOperational:

Land monitoringEmergency management

Pre-operational: Atmosphere monitoringMarine monitoring

Development Phase:Climate change monitoringSecurity services

Copernicus Introduction

Introduction continued

GIO Land

MERIS image showing Hurricane Frances passing near Haiti and the Dominican Republic, acquired 1 September 2004

Resolution approximately 1200 metres

Image: Processed by Brockmann Consult for ESA

Remote Sensing Introduction

Active vs Passive remote sensingResolution

Medium-low resolutionLand cover monitoringAgricultureCoastal dynamicsWeather

Pléiades Satellite Image – Central Park, New York, May 2012. Image: Astrium, CNES 2012

Remote Sensing Introduction

Active vs Passive remote sensingResolution

Very High Resolution (VHR)Urban area monitoringSecurity applications

Remote Sensing Introduction

Active vs Passive remote sensingResolutionOrbits

Near-polar (~90° inclination)Equatorial (0° inclination)

Sun-synchronousGeostationary

TanDEM-X

Infrastructure – Space DataContributing Missions

30 existing or planned5 categories

Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR)Sensor transmits a pulse

Satellite receives the backscattered echoes

Returned signals from Earth’s surface are stored

Digital Elevation Models can be constructed

Salar de Uyuni,

Image: DLR

Salt flats of Salar de Uyuni, South America

Image: DLR

Infrastructure – Space DataOptical sensors

Passive Remote sensingSensors detect natural radiation emitted/reflected from the Earth’s surface

SPOT5Image: CNES

RapidEye image of Moscow, Russia

Image: RapidEye

False-colour composite of forest fires in southern France, summer 2003Image: CNES

Infrastructure – Space DataAltimetry systems

Active sensor using RadarPrecise measurements of the satellites height above the ocean by measuring the time and interval between transmission and reception of very short electromagnetic pulses

ApplicationsSea-surface height (ocean topography)Lateral extent of sea iceAltitude of icebergs above sea levelIce sheet topographyLand topographySea-surface wind speedsWave heights

Arctic applications Cryosat-2

Image: ESA

Measuring the freeboard of ice

Image: ESA

Infrastructure – Space DataRadiometryAdvanced Along-Track Scanning Radiometer (AATSR) – ENVISAT

Optical and Infrared sensorPrimary mission

Sea Surface Temperature Ocean processesOperational applications e.g. meterology

Can also be used for:Land Surface TemperatureClouds and AerosolsCryosphere

AATSR Global sea-surface temperature data map

Infrastructure – Space DataSpectrometry

Passive Remote Sensing

GOMOS & SCIAMACHY – EnvisatGOME – ERS-2No longer operationalMedium resolution

Atmospheric chemistryAir quality (Ozone)CloudsTrace Gases

2010-2011 changes in atmosphere

Sentinels

Sentinel-1Radar (SAR) imagery; all-weather, day/night for land and oceanPolar-orbiting pairCoverage

Europe and Canada’s main shipping routeevery 1-3 days

DataDelivery within an hour of acquisition

Continue heritage of Envisat and RadarsatObjectives/products

Sea-ice extentSea-ice mappingOil-spill monitoringForest, water and soil management

Sentinels

Sentinel-2High-resolution optical imagery for land servicesVisible, NIR, SWIR (comprising 13 spectral bands)Coverage

5-day revisit timeLarge swathHigh-spatial resolution

To continue heritage of Landsat and SPOTObjectives/products

Land-cover mapsLand-change mapsChlorophyll indexFlood/volcanic eruptions/landslide monitoring

Sentinels

Sentinel-3High accuracy, optical, radar and altimetry for marine and land servicesRadiometer (SLSTR – based on Envisat’s,

AATSR)Ocean and Land Colour Instrument

(OLCI – based on Envisat’s MERISDual-frequency Synthetic Aperture Radar

(SRAL – based on CryoSat)<2 day revisit time at equator for OLCI, <1 day for SLSTR

To continue heritage of ERS-2 and Envisat Objectives/products

Sea-surface topographySea-/land- surface temperatureOcean-/land- surface colourEnvironmental and climate monitoring

Sentinels

Sentinel-4 Payload on Meteosat Third Generation (MTG) for atmospheric composition monitoringUltraviolet Visible Near-infrared (UVN) spectrometerInfraRed Sounder (IRD)Will include data from other satellites

Sentinel-5Payload embarked on a MetOp Second Generation Satellite for atmospheric composition monitoring

To bridge gaps between Envisat, Sciamachy instrument and Sentinel-5 launch

Objectives/productsAtmospheric variablesAir qualitySolar radiationClimate monitoing

Infrastructure – In-situ Data

Main use of in-situ data is for calibration and validation of satellite data

Reduce bias of satellite-derived dataReduce the need for high radiometric calibrationMaximise/enhance the effectiveness of satellite dataConstrain models (data assimilation)

European Environment Agency (EEA) led work for Copernicus under the FP7 GMES In-Situ Coordination “GISC” project (finished October 2013)

GMES In-situ Coordination – GSIC

Goals:To document the in-situ data required by the services To identify gapsTo design an innovative and sustainable framework for open access to in-situ data

Monitoring networks currently provide robust integrated information and calibrate and validate the data from satellites

MapsGround-based weather stationsOcean buoysAir quality monitoring networks

Applications

Feedback Forms&

Questions