COPA Config Manual SGGI

8/10/2019 COPA Config Manual SGGI

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Chapter Code :CO01 Configuration

Manual

Author : Ramesh Babu M

Title : COPA Version :1.0 Date :050!"00#

CONTENTS CO-PA Overview................................................................................................................................................2

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CO-PA Overview

Profitability Analysis analyse the profitability by different characteristics like product, plant, customer etc. In COPAvalues are stored in Value fields and quantitative data like sales quantity is stored in Quantity fields.

Please find the Orani!ational "nits and #aster $ata of COPA belo%&

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CO-PA Structures

Define Operating Concern

Maintain Operating Concern

Controllin area is the top node in the controllin module. 'imilarly operatin concern is the top node in the profitabilityanalysis (CO)PA* module. +'I- is the Operatin Concern for 'aint)obain lass India.

Definition

An operatin concern represents an orani!ational unit in your company for %hich the sales market has a uniformstructure. It is the valuation level for Profitability Analysis (CO)PA*.

In order to use Profitability Analysis (CO)PA*, %e have to define operatin concerns. An operatin concern is anorani!ational unit in inancials. /he structure of an operatin concern is determined by analysis criteria(characteristics* and the values to be evaluated (value fields*.

In a first step, you have to define the characteristics for operatin concerns. /hen define characteristics in theCustomi!in activity #aintain characteristics. or costin)based Profitability Analysis, %e also need to define valuefields. /his activity %ould be done in #aintain value fields. /hese characteristics and value fields can be used inseveral operatin concerns. /heir definition applies to all clients.

After this, %e have to define the structure of operatin concern in the activity #aintain operatin concern. 0e do this by

selectin the desired characteristics and addin them to the data structures of operatin concern. If costin)basedProfitability Analysis is active, %e also need to select and add the required value fields. /he structure of an operatinconcern is valid in all clients.

In the step 1#aintain operatin concern1, %e also specify the attributes of operatin concern (fiscal year variant,currencies*. 2y maintainin the attributes, %e make an operatin concern 1kno%n1 in the current client. /he attributesare client)specific.

Structure

'tructure an operatin concern by selectin

• Characteristics

0e should finali!e the leavel of analyses should be performed, such as the sales orani!ation, reion, product,or customer level and accordinly define the characteristics.

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• Value fields (only in costing-based Profitability Analysis)

0e should finali!e the values should be analy!ed, such as revenues, sales deductions, costs, or quantities.

/his structure may vary reatly from one company to the ne3t. or e3ample, the structure of total production costs in amanufacturin company differs from that in a %holesale or retail company. Consequently, you need to 1model1 CO)PAin Customi!in by definin the characteristics and value fields that you %ant to analy!e.

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&PRO &AP Customi-in$ 'mplementation *uide Controllin$ Pro%itabilitAnalsis &tru/tures De%ine Operatin$ Con/ern Maintain Operatin$ Con/ernData &tru/ture 23A0

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&/reeshot %or Data &tru/ture Value 4ields %or Operatin$ Con/ern

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&PRO &AP Customi-in$ 'mplementation *uide Controllin$ Pro%itabilit Analsis &tru/tures De%ine Operatin$ Con/ern MaintainOperatin$ Con/ern Attributes 23A0

&/reeshot %or Attributes %or Operatin$ Con/ern





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&/reeshot %or 3n7ironment %or Operatin$ Con/ern





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Maintain Characteristics:

A number of frequently used characteristics are already predefined in the standard system.

4ou initially define these characteristics independently of any operatin concern. /hey are also available in all clients.

2efore definin a characteristic, look at the list of e3istin characteristics. 4ou may find one there that already meetsyour requirements. /his list contains all predefined characteristics and those you have already defined in your system.

Copying caracteristics fro! a list of proposals

4ou can use characteristics that oriinally come from other applications as characteristics in Profitability Analysis by

copyin these fields from e3istin tables or structures. or e3ample, you can choose any characteristics from the 'APstandard tables for customers, materials, or sales documents. /he table from %hich you copy a characteristic isreferred to as that characteristic5s 1table of oriin1. /he values for these characteristics are automatically derived fromother characteristics in CO)PA (derivation steps are enerated automatically* or transferred toether %ith thetransaction data from other applications (such as 'ales and $istribution ('$**.

/he system only offers you those fields that can still be copied from the table. /his e3cludes fi3ed characteristics andcharacteristics that cannot be used in CO)PA for technical reasons. 6qualy, you cannot copy a field if a characteristicalready e3ists %ith the same data element and the same table of oriin. /his rule does not apply if the characteristicthat already e3ists is used in an 'AP operatin concern template.

/o avoid namin conflicts, you must rename any reference table fields to be copied as characteristics if their oriinalname is not four or five characters lon. /he ne% name must bein %ith 1001 and should be only four or fivecharacters lon.

Defining ne" caracteristics

4ou can also manually define ne% characteristics that you only %ant to use in Profitability Analysis. 'ince thesecharacteristics have no table of oriin, their values are not automatically derived from other characteristics. 4outherefore need to define derivation steps for them. /he name of ne% characteristics must bein %ith 1001 and consistof 7 or 8 characters. $ependin on the desired attributes, you must choose one of the follo%in variants&

• 0ith o%n value maintenanceIn most cases, you %ill define ne% characteristics %ith their o%n value maintenance. In this case, the systemcreates a check table and te3t table. In the Customi!in activity #aintain characteristic values, you can thenenter characteristic values and te3ts for these. Only those values maintained here are permitted values for thatcharacteristic.If the values for a characteristic are only semantically unique %hen in con9unction %ith other characteristics,you can display this fact by definin a dependency (characteristic compound*.


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/o define this type of dependency, proceed as follo%s&

:. 0hen creatin a characteristic, use the Display compound icon to s%itch to dependency display. At the top of thedisplay, you find the characteristic that has 9ust been defined.;. "se the Insert row icon to insert the same amount of empty ro%s as the amount of hiher)level characteristics thatyou %ould like to assin. /hen enter the hiher)level characteristics into those ro%s.

• Once you have saved the characteristic, you cannot make any chanes to the dependencies.If you %ould like to display a multi)level dependency, you need once more to assin a hiher)levelcharacteristic to another hiher)level characteristic in the latter5s characteristic value maintenance. <o%ever,%hen definin dependencies, you should avoid endin up %ith complicated, multi)leveled chains ofdependencies.0hen you save, the system displays a dialo bo3 in %hich you can specify ho% the check table should becreated. =ormally you %ill %ant to to choose 1Automatic1, %hich means that the names of the check tables are

numbered sequentially %ith the name 1/;8331 (%here 33 > number*. 4ou can also enter these numbersmanually in order to avoid namin conflicts %hen you transport the operatin concern to another system. Inthat case, you need to make sure that the numbers issued in these systems are not synchronous.





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&PRO &AP Customi-in$ 'mplementation *uide Controllin$ Pro%itabilitAnalsis &tru/tures De%ine Operatin$ Con/ern Maintain Chara/teristi/s 'nitial&/reen 23A5

&/reeshot %or Maintain Chara/teristi/s %or Operatin$ Con/ern

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&/reeshot %or Maintain Chara/teristi/s %or Operatin$ Con/ern

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Maintain Value Fiels:Value fields contain values and quantities that %ere updated or planned for particular ob9ects.

In costin)based profitability analysis, value fields represent the hihest level of detail at %hich you can analy!equantities, revenues, sales deductions, and costs for profitability sements in profitability analysis or contributionmarin accountin. 4ou are free to define %hich revenues and costs o into %hich value fields for profitability reports orsales and profit plannin %hen you set up your system.

63amples&

• 4ou can define your sales deductions to reflect the structure of sales deductions in '$ conditions.

• or the cost of oods manufactured, costs can be represented in accordance %ith the costin sheet in material

costin (or summaries thereof*.

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De%ine Pro%itabilit &e$ment Chara/teristi/s &e$ment)+7l Chara/teristi/s'pecify %hether a characteristic in CO)PA is used to create profitability sements.

Characteristics that are used to create profitability sements are available for the information system and in plannin,for e3ample.

Characteristics that are not involved in the creation of profitability sements remain in their line item in CO)PA.

requently occurrin characteristics that rarely bear the same value (such as the sales order number for a repetitivemanufacturer* can thus be e3cluded from the creation of your profitability sement. In this %ay, you can improve theperformance of your profitability analysis considerably.

urthermore, you can perform profitability analysis at the customer roup level or at the product roup level by ceasin

to use customers or products in that analysis.

'pecify %hich characteristics of your operatin concern should be used to form profitability sements. 4ou do this bychoosin the option 1costin)based1 or 1costin)?acct)based1. If a characteristic should not be used, select 1not used1.

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&PRO &AP Customi-in$ 'mplementation *uide Controllin$ Pro%itabilitAnalsis &tru/tures De%ine Pro%itabilit &e$ment Chara/teristi/s &e$ment)+7lChara/teristi/s 239!





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&et Operatin$ Con/ern2efore you can e3ecute some of the functions for Profitability Analysis (CO)PA*, you first need to specify the operatinconcern for %hich the function is to be performed and the type of Profitability Analysis (costin)based or account)based* you %ish to use.

#eatures

4ou set the operatin concern by definin its settins and specifyin the desired type of Profitability Analysis in a dialobo3. /he settins in this dialo bo3 are then valid until you lo out of the system or reset the operatin concern.

/here are t%o %ays of accessin the dialo bo3&

• 2y choosin Environment → Set Operating Concern in the CO)PA menu

• 2y choosin Structures → Set Operating Concern in CO)PA Customi!in

0hen you first call up a function that requires an operatin concern, the dialo bo3 appears automatically if theoperatin concern has not yet been set.

If you only have one operatin concern or enerally only %ork %ith one operatin concern, it makes sense to enter thisoperatin concern and the required type of Profitability Analysis in your user master data. 2y doin so, the dialo bo3%ill no loner appear, even %hen you loon aain to the system. /he system then uses the operatin concern and thetype of Profitability Analysis stored in the user master record. #oreover, you can call up the dialo bo3 at any time tos%itch to a different operatin concern or to the other type of Profitability Analysis. /he entries stored in the usermaster record then apply all the %hile you are still loed on to the system.

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&PRO &AP Customi-in$ 'mplementation *uide Controllin$ Pro%itabilitAnalsis &tru/tures &et Operatin$ Con/ern 23BD

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CO)PA Master Data

Characteristic Values - Maintain Characteristic Values

If the characteristic cateories are insufficient for your needs, you can define completely ne% characteristicsfrom scratch for e3clusive use in Profitability Analysis. /o derive values for these ne%ly defined characteristics,you need to create your o%n derivation rules.

/o define such a characteristic, you need to specify the technical name, a description, a short te3t, a title, andthe data type and lenth of its values. /he te3ts you enter for this characteristic are used to identify thecharacteristic on transaction screens and in lists.

If you only %ant a characteristic to have a fi3ed number of values (%hich should enerally be the case*, you

need to create this characteristic by maintainin correspondin values. 0hen you do, the system automaticallycreates a check table and a te3t table for this characteristic. 4ou maintain the permitted values and their te3tsin Customi!in under Master Data → Characteristic Values → Maintain Characteristic Values.

If you do not %ant to limit the values permitted, you can create the characteristic %ithout maintainin anycorrespondin values. Values entered later for these characteristics %ill only be checked by the system to seethat they use the correct data type. =o te3ts e3ist for these values.

Another %ay of definin characteristics is to use the option that references e3istin values. /his lets you createa characteristic by referencin a data element that already e3ists in the system. /he characteristic inherits allthe attributes of the data element.

=ote that it is not possible to use t%o characteristics %ith the same data element in the same operatinconcern.





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Define Characteristic DerivationIn this step, you set up the derivation of characteristic values.

$erivation lets you find values for certain characteristics automatically based on the kno%n values of other characteristics, %herethese characteristics are loically dependent on one another.

Standard settings

0hen an operatin concern is enerated, the system produces a standard derivation stratey containin all kno%n dependenciesbet%een characteristics. 4ou can display these by choosin 1Vie% )@ $isplay all steps1.

Acti$ities

4ou can chane the standard derivation stratey by

• Creatin additional steps

• Ad9ustin chaneable standard steps to suit your situation or deletin them

• Chanin the step sequence

Proceed as follo%s&

Creating a step

:. 'elect the step that is to precede the ne% step you %ish to add. Choose 1Create step1.;. Choose the desired type of derivation step from those available.. 6nter a te3t as %ell as source and taret fields for the derivation step. 2y usin the arro% button, you can determinefield caracteristics for the source and taret fields.7. If the derivation step should only be e3ecuted unter certain conditions, such as only for specific characteristic values,

make the entry under 1Condition1.8. 4ou determine step caracteristics under 1Characteristics1. or e3ample, you determine %hether an error messaeshould be enerated if no taret value can be calculated.

If you use the derivation step type 1$erivation rule1, some additional entry options are available&

• "nder 1#aintain rule values1, you enter %hich values in the taret fields should be placed in %hich characteristic values ofthe source fields.

• "nder 1Characteristics1, you can make additional entries %hich, for e3ample, make it possible to enter a validity date forthe step.

Canging%deleting steps

4ou can chane and delete the steps you have defined as %ell as the chaneable standard steps (those that read from tables*.

• 0hen you chane a step, all the possible entries described under 1Creatin steps1 are available.

• /o delete a step, select the step in question and choose 1$elete1.

Canging te step se&uence

:. 'elect the step to be relocated in the sequence.;. Position the cursor beneath the desired position for that step.. Choose 1#ove1.





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Valuation Strategies - Define an Assign Valuation Strateg!In this step, you can define your $aluation strategies and assin them to a point of valuation.

irst, enter a three)character key and a description for the valuation stratey.

On the detail screen, you can then define %hich methods you %ant to use in %hat order to perform valuation in your operatinconcern.

E'a!ple

4ou %ant to define a valuation stratey that performs valuation usin material costin, then a CO)PA costin sheet, then acustomer)defined valuation routine. /o do so, make the follo%in entries&

Sequence Appl. Costg sheet name Mat. CE Qty field Exit no.

--------------------------------------------------------------------- 10

X VVIQT 20 KE ACT001VVIQT 30 U01

If you %ant to use a !aterial cost esti!ate for valuation, select the field under 1#at. C61. In this case you also need to specifythe quantity field to be used (here 1VVIQ/1*.

If you %ant to use conditions, enter the key (here 1AC/BB:1* and the application from %hich to take the costin sheet (here 161*.If the conditions are calculated dependin on the quantity, enter the name of the quantity field you %ant to use (here 1VVIQ/1*.

If you %ant to use your o%n calculation routines to valuate fields, enter the name of the proram e3it (here 1"B:1*. orprorammin your o%n routines, you can use the customer e3it in SAP standard enance!ent COPA, %hich you maintainby callin upSAP Pro*ect +anage!ent. or more details, see the documentation found there and in the : <elp for the field E'itno,

If you %ant to valuate %ith a transfer price, you need to specify a $ariant for transfer pricing. In addition, you need to specifythe CO)PA value field to %hich the transfer price should be mapped.

Once you have defined your valuation strateies, assin them to the desired combinations of point of $aluation, record type, andplan $ersion.





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Set "p Valuation "sing Material Cost #sti$ate - Define Access to StanarCost #sti$ates

Product Cost Planning is used to determine the planned cost of goods !anufactured for a product. In Profitability Analysis(CO)PA*, youcan access these !aterial cost esti!ates to valuate the data in CO)PA. /his includes cost estimates both %ith and%ithout &uantity structures.

0ith this function, you determine %hich cost estimates from Product Cost Plannin should be used to valuate actual or plannindata in CO)PA. 4ou do this by definin costing eys. A costin key is a set of access parameters that are used in valuation todetermine %hich data in Product Cost Plannin should be read.





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Set "p Valuation "sing Material Cost #sti$ate - Assign Costing %e!s to An!Characteristics

/he steps

• Assign Costing .eys to Products

• Assign Costing .eys to +aterial Types

let you assin costin keys to individual products or material types.

In cases %here the product)dependent or material)dependent callup of material cost estimates in Product Cost Accountin is notfle3ible enouh to meet your requirements, you can determine the costin keys usin your o%n /strategy/ for the /fle'ibleassign!ent of costing eys/.

/his /strategy/ is taken to deter!ine te costing eys, enerally usin user-defined assign!ent tables. As in characteristic derivation in CO)PA, you can also %ork %ith table looups or your o%n custo!er enance!ents %hensettin up the /strategy/.





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&PRO &AP Customi-in$ 'mplementation *uide Controllin$ Pro%itabilitAnalsis Master Data Valuation &et p Valuation sin$ Material Cost 3stimate Assi$n Costin$ 2es to An Chara/teristi/s 23PC

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Set "p Valuation "sing Material Cost #sti$ate - Assign Value Fiels<ere you can assin the components of a cost co!ponent structure from Product Cost Controllin to the value fields of youroperatin concern. =ote that you need to maintain separate value field assinments for each point of $aluation in Profitability

Analysis (CO)PA*.

4ou can divide the cost co!ponents into fi3ed and variable parts before transferrin them to CO)PA.

or each cost esti!ate, you can transfer any number of cost components to the same value field (n&: relationship*. /he valuesfrom these cost components are then added toether in the value field.

If you valuate usin !ultiple !aterial cost esti!ates simultaneously, this means that the values of different cost components"itin te sa!e cost esti!ate are areated and then entered in one CO)PA value field. <o%ever, value fields that alreadycontain data from a previous cost estimate are not over%ritten by a later cost estimate. Consequently, you should assin valuefields in Customi!in so that the values of different cost estimates are entered in different sets of value fields.

4ou can assin up to si3 different value fields from your operatin concern to each cost component in the cost componentstructure. /hese assinments is indicated by the value fields entered in the columns #ield na!e 0 throuh #ield na!e 1.

$ifferent value field assinments are important %henever you %ant to use !ultiple $aluation approaces %ith different costestimates. 'i3 is the ma3imum number of cost estimates that you can transfer simultaneously from Product Cost Controllin toProfitability Analysis.

4ou can assin up to three costing eys in parallel to a product or !aterial type.

"sin the fle'ible assign!ent function, you can define your o%n assinment tables and assin up to si3 costin keys for parallelvaluation.

In valuation, the system first determines %hich costing eys to use. /hen it finds the correct cost estimate in Product CostControllin based on the read parameters stored in those costin keys.

Once it has found a cost estimate, it transfers the values of the cost components contained there to CO)PA value fields based onthe cost component layout for that cost estimate and on the costin key5s position in the aforementioned assinment tables. ore3ample, for the costin key entered in the first column in the assinment table, the system transfers the cost components to thevalue fields entered in the first value field column (the column %ith the name #ield na!e 0*. /he same then happens for thecostin keys in the second and third columns and in the fourth throuh si3th columns (if you use the fle'ible assign!entfunction*.





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CO)PA 4lo; o% A/tual Values

'nitial &teps

Define &u$'er (anges for Actual Postings

In this step you define a number rane to be used for actual line items.4ou can specify %hether the numbers in the rane should be assined internally or e3ternally. If you choose 1internal1, the D?'ystem assins numbers automatically.

=umber ranes are valid for a specific operating concern. 4ou can assin one or more record types to each number rane.

Prere&uisites

• 4ou must have system authori!ation for number rane maintenance.

• 4our operatin concern must be defined completely.

• /he record types must be maintained.

Actions

:. $ecide %hich record types you %ant to use in this operatin concern.;. If necessary, define ne% number rane roups to meet your requirements (function 1#aintain roup1, then function1Insert roup1*.. 6nter document number ranes in the number rane roups. 0hen doin so, do not foret to take e3istin documentnumber ranes into account.=ote that automatic (internal* number assinment is mandatory for data %hich is transferred to CO)PA from other D?

application components (such as direct postins from I, cost assessment from CO)CCA, or order?pro9ect settlement fromCO)OPA and P'*.7. Assin the record types to the number rane roups.





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&PRO &AP Customi-in$ 'mplementation *uide Controllin$ Pro%itabilitAnalsis 4lo; o% A/tual Values 'nitial &teps De%ine (umber Ran$es %or A/tualPostin$s 23(1





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Maintain Characteristic )roupsIn this step you can define 1characteristic roups1, %hich can be any combination of characteristics in your operating concern.

Characteristic roups can be used for various actual business transactions as %ell as for various allocations of plannin data.

A characteristic roup determines the characteristics for %hich users can specify individual values %hen assinin a postin to aprofitability seg!ent, as %ell as the order in %hich these characteristics appear on the screen.

4ou can also define %hether the user is required or is allo%ed to specify values for certain characteristics, or %hether the usercannot make an entry.

If no characteristic roups are defined, the user can enter values for any characteristic in the operatin concern.

2eco!!endation

If you %ant certain characteristic values in a roup to be derived automatically, you should define those fields so that the usercannot make an entry.





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&PRO &AP Customi-in$ 'mplementation *uide Controllin$ Pro%itabilitAnalsis 4lo; o% A/tual Values 'nitial &teps Chara/teristi/ *roups MaintainChara/teristi/ *roups 23PA





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Trans%er o% Billin$ Do/uments

Assign Value Fiels

All revenues, sales deductions and other values (such as transfer prices* are defined as conditions in '$. In this step, you assinthese conditions to the correspondin CO)PA $alue fields.

=ote that certain limitations e3ist on the transfer of condition values of billing docu!ents to CO)PA.

:. /o transfer condition types for sales re$enues and sales deductions to CO)PA, you need to make sure that thecondition types and linked to an account in I that is also defined as a cost element of the cateory 1::1 (revenueelement* or 1:;1 (sales deduction* in CO. /hese condition types !ust be assined to a CO)PA value field.Condition types linked to I accounts that are defined as cost elements of another cateory are not transferred to CO)PA,even %hen the condition type has been assined to a CO)PA value field.;. Condition types such as 1VPD'1 (1Cost1* that are defined as statistical in '$ are al%ays transferred to CO)PA if theyare assined to a value field.. All condition types that you %ant to transfer to CO)PA must be acti$e in the '$ pricin procedure. Inactive conditionsin a billin item are not transferred. If all the conditions in a billin item are inactive, that item is not transferred to CO)PA.Conditions do not need to be active, ho%ever, to be transferred %ith sales order items, since the transfer of incominsales orders is al%ays statistical.

It is also possible to transfer conditions fro! ++ to update billin data in pooled payment in the I' Detail system. /hese aretransferred accordin to the same rules as '$ conditions.

Notes

Conditions from '$ are al%ays transferred to CO)PA %ith 1E1 sins, %ith the e3ception of credit memos and returns. /he reasonsfor this is that the sins for revenues are handled differently in the different applications of the D? 'ystem. or e3ample, revenuesare positive in '$, %hile they are neative in I. Consequently, CO)PA accepts all the values as positive, and then subtractsdeductions and costs from revenues in the information system.

=ote that the indicator Transfer 3%- signs is not used to compare the different use of E?) sins bet%een I or '$ and CO)PA. Ifyou activate this indicator, only the positive and neative values for the condition in question %ill be balanced. /his uarantees thatthe sum of the neative and positive condition values is displayed as a correct total value in the value field assined to thatcondition.





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&PRO &AP Customi-in$ 'mplementation *uide Controllin$ Pro%itabilitAnalsis 4lo; o% A/tual Values Trans%er o% Billin$ Do/uments Assi$n Value4ields 23,'





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Assign *uantit! Fiels A number of quantity fields are defined and used in the '$ billin system. In this step you assin these to the correspondinquantity fields in costin)based Profitability Analysis (CO)PA*.

Actions

Assin all the quantity fields you %ant to transfer from the billin system to costin)based CO)PA.

Additional 4nfor!ation

4ou can transfer the billed quantity to costin)based CO)PA usin the sales unit as %ell as the stockkeepin unit. /he assinmentyou make here is valid for both profitability plannin and for actual postins.

/his assinment is particularly important for plannin, because the system can automatically derive the unit for the quantities you

plan manually for individual products.





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&PRO &AP Customi-in$ 'mplementation *uide Controllin$ Pro%itabilitAnalsis 4lo; o% A/tual Values Trans%er o% Billin$ Do/uments Assi$n 9uantit4ields 23,M





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(eset Value+*uantit! Fiels4ou can use this function to reset a quantity or value field dependin on the billin type. /his means that the condition value set inthe field is replaced by value B. /his procedure makes it possible to post only the revenue and quantity in Profitability Analysis (i.e.for returns* %hile retainin the freiht costs of the oriinal billin document by settin 5D65 as the billin type and resettin the valuefield 1reiht costs1.

Acti$ities

6nter the combination of billin type and CO)PA quantity or value field that are to be reset in Profitability Analysis, and then selectthe field 1Deset1.

Pa$e #0 o% 105&A'(T) *OBA'( *+A&& '(D'A &AP R! ) COPA 'mplementation






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Dire/t Postin$ %rom 4'MM

Maintain PA ,ransfer Structure for Direct Postings

In this activity, you define the PA transfer structure I, %hich you use to post costs and revenues directly to profitabilitysements. In the PA transfer structure 1I1, you specify ho% the cost elements are to be defined to the CO)PA value fields.

4ou can choose to transfer the posted amount to CO)PA as %ell. or this, include in the assinment the correspondin quantityfield alon %ith the value field(s*.

'ince this maintenance dialo is also used in the definition of PA transfer structures for other allocations, there are severalselection options that do not apply to the PA transfer structure 1I1. /hese options are discussed belo% under 1Activities1.

Acti$ities

:. $efine the PA transfer structure 1I1.;. $ivide your cost elements accordin to ho% you %ant to roup them in Profitability Analysis, and create assinmentlines accordinly.=ote& /he indicator for quantity billed?delivered is not relevant for PA transfer structure I and hence should not beactivated.. or each assinment line, enter the cost element or the cost element roup to be assined. As the source, activate the1Costs?Devenues1 option.7. or each assinment line, enter the value field (or, if the costs are split into fi3ed and variable portions, both valuefields* into %hich costs?revenues are to be imported.

Assign!ent Te't Source CE5 Value #ield

:B Customer Complaints ')6IB:B VVBB:

;B /rade $iscounts ')6IB;B PDA2A

B reiht Out%ards ')6IBB A"'D

7B 2ad $ebts 0ritten Off ')6IB7B VV:BB

8B reiht Out%ards #isc. ')6IB8B VVB8:

FB Customer Complaints ) Quality ')6IBFB VV78B

GB ain?Hoss Deval. ?' ')6IBGB VV77:

B Inventory Val. Ad9. I ')6IBB VV77;

JB Purchase Price Variance ')6IBJB VV:;;

Pa$e #" o% 105&A'(T) *OBA'( *+A&& '(D'A &AP R! ) COPA 'mplementation




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&PRO &AP Customi-in$ 'mplementation *uide Controllin$ Pro%itabilitAnalsis 4lo; o% A/tual Values Dire/t Postin$ %rom 4'MM Maintain PA Trans%er&tru/ture %or Dire/t Postin$s 23'"

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Pa$e ## o% 105&A'(T) *OBA'( *+A&& '(D'A &AP R! ) COPA 'mplementation




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Auto$atic Account Assign$entAuto!atic postings, such as those created in #aterials #anaement, can be passed on to Profitability Analysis (CO)PA* bymeans of anauto!atic assign!ent to a profitability seg!ent.

In Profitability Analysis, the documents are updated to the profitability sements enerated accordin to the characteristic valuesfound in the correspondin inancial Accountin (I* document. If the characteristic value information in the I document is notvery detailed, the posted values are transferred to Profitability Analysis at an areated level.

=ote that automatic assinments to a profitability sement should only be used under special circu!stances for certain accountsand business transactions only.

/ypical business transactions for %hich it makes sense to have a profitability sement found automatically include

• /he transfer of price differences that are posted in purchasin due to differin order prices or differin prices in invoice

receipt (as period costs*

• /he transfer of e3penses or revenues that arise due to a re$aluation of !aterial stocs (as period costs*

• /he transfer of in$entory differences (as period costs*

Acti$ities

:. 6nter the accounts for automatic postins in the automatic assinment table.;. 'elect the 1Profitability sement1 indicator to transfer postins to this account to CO)PA.

2e&uire!ents

:. /he automatic determination of a profitability sement is only required in individual cases, if you %ant to representspecial business transactions in Profitability Analysis.;. /he account for automatic postins must be assined in the PA transfer structure 1I1.. /he desired form of Profitability Analysis must be for the relevant controllin areas.

#urter notes

enerally, a profitability sement is found and updated in Profitability Analysis automatically %hen the correspondin senderdocument is created (such as %hen you enter I documents %ith direct assinment to Profitability Analysis, or %hen you createsales orders or billin documents*. /herefore, it is not desirable to have the system find a profitability sement for all the accountsrelevant to profits by assinin accounts in this Customi!in step.





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&PRO &AP Customi-in$ 'mplementation *uide Controllin$ Pro%itabilitAnalsis 4lo; o% A/tual Values Dire/t Postin$ %rom 4'MM Automati/ A//ountAssi$nment O2B8





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&ettlement o% Produ/tion Varian/es

Define PA ,ransfer Structure for Variance Settle$ent

0hen you valuate products %ith the standard price of production, so)called 1production variances1 can result on the productionorders (actual cost of oods manufactured ) (produced quantity K standard price**.

/hese production variances are determined in Product Cost Plannin (CO)PC* and broken do%n there accordin to variancecateories. 0hen you settle the production order, you can transfer these variance cateories to separate value fields in Profitability

Analysis.

Prere=uisites:. /he production variances first need to be calculated in CO)PC.;. 4our PA transfer structure must contain assinments of variance cateories to value fields.

. In the settlement profile, you defined that variances are to be settled.7. /he settlement rule to profitability sements is created automatically based on the information available in theproduction order (product, product roup, plant and so on*.8. 4ou must have !aintained nu!ber ranges for record type 1C1.F. /he desired form of Profitability Analysis must be acti$e in the relevant controllin area.

6:)PA /ransfer 'tructure is bein used by 'I.

E0 Production Variances PA Transfer Structure

Assign!ent Te't Source CE5 Variance Value #ield

:B D# Input Qty Variance (Q/4V* ')66:B:B Q/4V Input Quantity Variance VV:::

;B Input Price Variance (PDIV* ' PDIV Input Price Variance VV7BB

B Desource "sae Variance (D'"V* ' D'"V Desource)"sae Var VV7BB

7B Output Price Variance (OPPV* ' OPPV Output Price Variance VV7BB

8B Demainin Variance (D6#V* ' D6#V Demainin Variance VV7BB

FB Demainin Input Varianc (I=PV* ' I=PV Demainin Input Var VV7BB

GB Var. 6nery I?p Qty Var (Q/4V* ')66:BB Q/4V Input Quantity Variance VV;::

B '? Input Qty Varnce (Q/4V* ')66:B;B Q/4V Input Quantity Variance VV:;:

JB #i3ed Price Output Var (#LPV* ')66:BB #LPV #i3ed)Price Variance VV7:B





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&PRO &AP Customi-in$ 'mplementation *uide Controllin$ Produ/t CostControllin$ Cost Ob>e/t Controllin$ Produ/t Cost b Period Period)3nd Closin$ &ettlement Create PA Trans%er &tru/ture 23'1





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Trans%er o% O7erhead

Assign Characteristic )roups to Actual C!cles

In this step, you specify (for cycle maintenance for assessment and for the allocation of indirect activities* %hich characteristics canbe used to define the receiver durin sement maintenance. /o do this, you assin a characteristic roup to the businesstransaction of the particular allocation type concerned.

E'a!ple

$urin sement maintenance for a planned assessment cycle, only the characteristics 1Company code1, 1Customer1 and 1'alesorani!ation1 should be available for definin the receiver. 4ou therefore assin a characteristic roup containin thesecharacteristics to the business transaction 'P2 (Plan assessment to CO)PA*.

2e&uire!ents

4ou need to have defined a characteristic roup containin the characteristics that are to be made available for definin thereceiver. 4ou do this by choosin Flows of Actual Values ! "nitial Steps ! Characteristic #roups ! Maintain Characteristic#roups.





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&PRO &AP Customi-in$ 'mplementation *uide Controllin$ Pro%itabilitAnalsis 4lo; o% A/tual Values Trans%er o% O7erhead 'nitial &teps Assi$nChara/teristi/ *roups to A/tual C/les 23V*,





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Assign PA ,ransfer Structure to usiness ,ransactionIn this activity, you specify %hich PA transfer structures are used for specific business transactions to transfer overhead.

or this, you assin a PA transfer structure to the business transaction of the respective allocation type.

=ote&If you do not assin a business transaction to a PA transfer structure, the system uses the standard selection for the PA transferstructures. Initial entries in the $A %ransfer Structure column are reset to the follo%in 'AP standard selection %hen you save.

• PA transfer structure 1CO1 for

o Internal activity allocation

o /emplate allocation from cost center costs and process costs

o Devaluation due to price (re*calculation

• PA transfer structure 1I1 for repostins

E'a!ple

4ou %ant to be able to display price chanes individually %hen revaluatin internally allocated activities %ith a price calculation.

2y assinin different PA transfer structures for the business transactions 1Activity Allocation1 and 1Devaluation $ue to(De*Calculation of Prices1, you can send the results from the revaluation of activity quantities into other value fields as opposed tothose for the values calculated in activity allocation.

Pa$e o% 105&A'(T) *OBA'( *+A&& '(D'A &AP R! ) COPA 'mplementation




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&PRO &AP Customi-in$ 'mplementation *uide Controllin$ Pro%itabilitAnalsis 4lo; o% A/tual Values Trans%er o% O7erhead 'nitial &teps Assi$n PA Trans%er &tru/ture to Business Transa/tion 23V*#





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Define Structure of Cost Center Assess$ent+Process Cost Assess$entIn this step you define rules for allocatin cost center costs and process costs to Profitability Analysis (CO)PA* in the form ofcycles.

Acti$ities

$efine your assessment cycles. In doin so, observe the follo%in&

:. /he header of the cycle contains the parameters that are valid for the entire cycle. /his includes the sender selectiontype, %here you specify for actual data %hether you %ant to assess all costs toether or fi3ed and variable costsseparately.;. /he sements contain the combinations of sender cost centers?sender processes and receiver profitability sementsthat are processed usin a sinle distribution rule.

a* 'pecify either an assessment cost element or an allocation structure, %hich determines more than oneassessment cost element for each cost element roup. /he sender cost centers?sender processes are credited

usin these secondary cost elements (cost element cateory 7;*. In account)based CO)PA, the receiverprofitability sements are also credited usin this cost element.b* 'pecify either sinle value fields for the fi3ed and variable costs, respectively, or a PA transfer structure thatdetermines more than one value field for each cost element roup.c* 'pecify the rule %hich you %ant to use to credit the sender.

=ote that, for technical reasons, you can only use an allocation structure or a PA transfer structure %ith senderrule 1:1 (posted amounts*.d* $efine the tracin factor, the rule %hich determines ho% the values are distributed to the receivers. ore3ample, you can distribute certain percentaes to the different receivers or distribute usin certain values (suchas the quantity sold or the revenue* as an allocation base. If you choose to use an allocation base, choose thereceiver rule 1Variable portions1.e* 'pecify the senders and receivers in the allocation caracteristics.

Prere&uisites

• or process cost assessment, Activity)2ased Costin (CO)O#)A2C* must be active as an operational Controllincomponent in your system.

• /he desired form of Profitability Analysis must be active.4ou can check the form of Profitability Analysis by choosin Actual Flows of Values ! Activate $rofita&ility Analysis.

• Credit postins require you to have assined an internal number rane for the CO transactions 'PA (actual* or 'P2(plan*./o verify that this has been done, s%itch to Customi!in for 5eneral Controlling and choose Organi'ation ! Define(um&er )anges for CO Documents.

• In Profitability Analysis, you must define a number rane for record type 1$1.or actual data, you verify this by choosinFlows of Actual Values ! "nitial Steps ! Define (um&er )anges for Actual$ostings.In plannin, you verify this by choosin $lanning ! "nitial Steps ! Define (um&er )anges for $lanning Data.

• /o improve runtimes in assessment, it is recommended that you use summari!ation levels if possible. /hese providepresummari!ed tracin factors for the receiver profitability sements.





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&PRO &AP Customi-in$ 'mplementation *uide Controllin$ Pro%itabilitAnalsis 4lo; o% A/tual Values Trans%er o% O7erhead Assess Cost Center Costs Pro/ess Costs De%ine &tru/ture o% Cost Center AssessmentPro/ess CostAssessment 231





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&PRO &AP Customi-in$ 'mplementation *uide Controllin$ Pro%itabilitAnalsis 4lo; o% A/tual Values A/ti7ate Pro%itabilit Analsis 2323





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CO)PA 'n%ormation &stem

Report Components

Define For$s for (eports ase on .ine /te$s

In this activity, you define the forms you %ant to use in your information system for desinin reports.

4ou can create forms for profitability reports or for reports based on line items. /he report types ) and correspondinly the forms )are defined in the same %ayN the data that you call up, on the other hand, is not the same. /his is %hy the number ofcharacteristics available for use in the definition varies.

A form represents the content and structure of the report. It can enerally be seen as a semi)finished report definition that you canbuild upon. 4ou specify lines, columns, and the form header by means of characteristics or value fields that are to appear inseveral reports. In this %ay, a form can be used repeatedly for different reports.

Acti$ities

'pecify %hich forms you need and create them.

4ou can use the function E'tras -6 O$er$ie" to display information for the eneral 'elections, columns, lines, and so on, of aform.

2e&uire!ents

4ou need to have already fully defined an operatin concern in %hich to create the form.

If you %ant to include lobal variables in the report, you need to define these first.

#urter notes

or more information on definin forms, see the documentation for Profitability Analysis or $rilldo%n Deportin.





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&PRO &AP Customi-in$ 'mplementation *uide Controllin$ Pro%itabilitAnalsis 'n%ormation &stem Report Components De%ine 4orms De%ine4orms %or Reports Based on +ine 'tems Create 4orm %or Reports Based on +ine 'tems238,





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Create Reports Based on +ine 'temsCreate (eports ase on .ine /te$s

In this activity, you can create reports based on line items, or chane or display e3istin reports. /he follo%in description tells youho% to create a ne% report.

/here are t%o types of report you can define here ) basic reports and form reports. A basic report displays the characteristics andvalue fields you specify usin a standard layout. /his type of report is best suited to searchin for trends in data classified byvarious characteristics. orm reports, on the other hand, allo% you to display the characteristics and key fiures accordin to yourrequirements. /his type of report is based on a form that you define yourself.

Acti$ities

:. $ecide %hether you %ould like to define a basic report or a form report.

;. 'elect from the 1available characteristics1 those that you %ant to analy!e and use the arro% button to move them to the1selected characteristics1 area. 4ou can also maintain further settins, such as hierarchies, variables, or characteristicvalues. 4ou can reduce the number of characteristics offered on the selection screen usin caracteristic groups.Note& 0hen you define reports based on line items, you can usethe follo%in characteristics&

o All the characteristics in the sement level, plus those e3cluded from the seg!ent le$el caracteristics

o /he creation date of the line item

o /he name of the person %ho created the line item

. 'elect the key fiures you %ant to analy!e. 4ou can choose from the value fields of your operatin concern and anykey fiures defined in one key fiure scheme.7. If required, specify restrictin values for the variables defined for the report. 'elect 16nter at e3ecution1 if you %ant yourusers to be able to enter or replace these variables %hen they e3ecute the report.8. 'elect the output type that you %ant to use to display the report&

o If you select 1raphic report output1, the report may consist of several information areas (header and naviation

area, raphic area, drilldo%n, and details list*. 4ou can use an </#H template to include individual raphics inthe report header. or this output type, you can use the $ra and $rop facility for functions such as naviationand drilldo%n s%itch.'elect the desired output type and an </#H template.

o If you select the output type 1classic drilldo%n1, your reports are are displayed as drilldo%n lists.

o /he 1ob9ect list1 enables you to display reports usin the A2AP Hist Vie%er. /his is a particularly useful output

type if you %ant to display several characteristics in the lead column.

o If you select the output type 1LLH (spreadsheet*1, you can display reports in #icrosoft 63cel.

F. Amon the settins under 1Options1, you find the print layout settins and the performance settins for e3ecutin areport. 0hen specifyin the latter, you need to decide %hether current data should be read or %hether the system shouldread the data from the last time the summari!ation level %as built up (see also the : help on performance*. 4ou use the1in'iht1 indicator to enable the current report to be called up via in'iht.

Note7 =ot all of the above steps may be possible or necessary in all instances, dependin on the report and the form concerned./hese steps then dealt %ith durin form definition.

2e&uire!ents

If you %ant to use forms, you need to define special for!s for reports based on line ite!s.





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If you %ant to use characteristic roups, variables, or key fiure schemes, you need to define these first (see reportco!ponents*.

&PRO &AP Customi-in$ 'mplementation *uide Controllin$ Pro%itabilitAnalsis 'n%ormation &stem Create Pro%itabilit Report Create 4orm %orReports Based on +ine 'tems 2381





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De%ine &ummari-ation +e7els

Characteristics

In the characteristic list for the summari!ation level, choose %hich characteristics you %ant to summari!e and %hich not. If youchane the characteristics, the system deletes all the data in the level. or more information, see caracteristic $alue in tesu!!ari8ation le$el catalog.

Inde3es

4nde'es let you optimi!e the %ay the system accesses the summari!ation levels.

At first you do not need to define any inde3es. 0hen you save the levels, the system creates a default, %hich should be sufficientin most cases. It only makes sense to create inde3es %hen the data in the key table reaches a volume of several thousand records(see detail screen*.

#aintain the characteristics before you define inde3es.

$etail screen

2y double)clickin on a level or clickin on the 1$etail1 pushbutton, you obtain the detail screen for the summari!ation level. /hedetail screen contains various statistical information, includin ho% often the level has been accessed or ho% many records itcontains. /his data tells you ho% often the level is used and ho% hih the deree of summari!ation is.





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&PRO &AP Customi-in$ 'mplementation *uide Controllin$ Pro%itabilitAnalsis Tools &ummari-ation +e7els De%ine &ummari-ation +e7els 23DV





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