Coordinate Covalent Bonding

Coordination Compounds

Most commonly found as:

Chelates

Components of a: coordination

Complex ion

COORDINATION COMPOUND

Appropriate cation or anion

CompLEX ION Components

Transition Metal Ion(also aluminum and lead)

Liganding species(ions or molecules)( hereinafter called ‘particle’)

Ligands

Name of bond formed between metal ion and particles

Both bond and particle can be called ligand

Lone pairs on particle attach to metal ion

Particles with more than 1 attachment - chelate

lone pairs must be separated by at least 2 atoms ethylene diamine oxalate ion acetylacetone

Ligand attachment sites called DENTATES

•hemeglobin - Fe chlorophyll - Mg vitamin B12 - Co

Ligand InformationMonodentates with no chargeH2O

NH3 CO2

Monodentates with charges

Na+Br- NO3+Cl- I- K+ SO4

-2

Ligand InformationBidentates with no charge

ethylenediamine (en)

Bidentates with chargesoxalate(ox,or C2O4)-2

tartrate(tar)-2

acetylacetone(acac)-

Ligand InformationHexadentates with charges

ethylenediaminetetraacetate

(EDTA)-

Formulas for complex ions

[Cu(NH4+)4]+6 [Cu(NH3)4]+2

[Cu(NO2-)4]-2

Recognized by use of bracketsCoordination number - # of ligands formed (can only be 2,4, or 6)Charge: Metal ion oxidation numbers + ∑ particle charges

Coordination Compounds

[Cu(NH4+)4]Cl6

K2[Cu(NO2-)4]

(NH4)2[Cu(NO2-)4]

[Cu(NH4+)4](SO4)3

[ ] = complex ion

Coordination numbers[Cu(NH4

+)4]Cl6

(NH4)4[Cu(PO4-3)2]

[Cu(NH4+)6](SO4)4

Coordination # 4

Coordination # 6

Coordination # 2

Coordination numbers[Cu(NH4

+) 2(NO3+)2]Cl6

(NH4)4[Cu(ox)3]

Coordination # 4

Coordination # 6

ox is a bidentate