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Cooperation & Conflict: The Cooperation & Conflict: The Relationship between the Relationship between the PapacyPapacy and Medieval and Medieval European European MonarchsMonarchs
77thth Grade World History Grade World History
The Pope Leo III The Pope Leo III Crowns Charlemagne Crowns Charlemagne in 800 C.E.in 800 C.E.
The Pope Crowns The Pope Crowns Charlemagne Charlemagne because…because…
He was a He was a devout Christiandevout Christian He He unitedunited much of the old much of the old
Roman Empire in Roman Empire in EuropeEurope He was a brilliant military He was a brilliant military
leaderleader He helped the pope put He helped the pope put
down a rebellion in Italydown a rebellion in Italy By crowning CharlemagneBy crowning Charlemagne, ,
the Pope is asserting papal the Pope is asserting papal authorityauthority
CharlemagneCharlemagne’’s main s main achievements…achievements… Unified much of Europe Unified much of Europe Because of his devotion to the Because of his devotion to the
Christian faith…Christian faith…– He strengthened the ChurchHe strengthened the Church– He increased education and learning He increased education and learning
throughout Europe so that people throughout Europe so that people could read the Bible.could read the Bible.
Investiture Investiture ControversyControversy
The PlayersThe Players: : Pope Pope Gregory VII and King Gregory VII and King Henry IVHenry IV
The SettingThe Setting: Medieval : Medieval Europe, the pope needs Europe, the pope needs support from the support from the monarchy, the monarchy monarchy, the monarchy needs support from the needs support from the pope, pope, BOTH monarchy BOTH monarchy and pope appoints and pope appoints church officialschurch officials
Pope Gregory VIIPope Gregory VII
Investiture Investiture ControversyControversy The ConflictThe Conflict: : In 1075, Pope In 1075, Pope
Gregory VII officially asserted that Gregory VII officially asserted that the papal power is the sole the papal power is the sole universal power and universal power and ONLYONLY the the papacy could select church papacy could select church officials, officials, like the bishops. like the bishops. King King Henry IV continued to appoint Henry IV continued to appoint church officials like bishopschurch officials like bishops..
King Henry IVKing Henry IV
Pope GregoryPope Gregory’’s s ReactionReaction
He He excommunicatedexcommunicated Henry IV Henry IV– Excommunicate means to remove Excommunicate means to remove
someone from the churchsomeone from the church– Henry was removed from the church and Henry was removed from the church and deposeddeposed as the German king as the German king
Henry IV apologizes…Henry IV apologizes…
Henry IV asks Pope Gregory VII for Henry IV asks Pope Gregory VII for forgivenessforgiveness by standing barefoot in by standing barefoot in the snow for three days outside the snow for three days outside where the Pope was staying.where the Pope was staying.
Pope Gregory VII had to forgive Pope Gregory VII had to forgive him and Henry IV became emperor him and Henry IV became emperor againagain..
Henry IV later invaded Rome and Henry IV later invaded Rome and Pope Gregory VII fled Pope Gregory VII fled
The apologyThe apology
The Lasting Effect…The Lasting Effect… In 1122 church leaders & nobles In 1122 church leaders & nobles
agreed to have the pope select agreed to have the pope select church officials at the Concordat church officials at the Concordat of Wormsof Worms
The pope establishes his The pope establishes his dominance dominance and power over the and power over the monarchy temporarily monarchy temporarily
The continued conflict will The continued conflict will eventually lead to a eventually lead to a split between split between monarchy and papacymonarchy and papacy
Reflection Quick WriteReflection Quick Write Pretend you are Pretend you are
Henry IV, write Henry IV, write one paragraph (at one paragraph (at least 5 sentences) least 5 sentences) explaining your explaining your decision to decision to apologize to Pope apologize to Pope Gregory VII. Gregory VII. Would you really Would you really mean it? How far mean it? How far would you go to would you go to convince the pope convince the pope
Pretend you are Pretend you are Pope Gregory VII, Pope Gregory VII, write one write one paragraph (at paragraph (at least 5 sentences) least 5 sentences) explaining your explaining your decision to take decision to take Henry IV back and Henry IV back and accept his accept his apology. Do you apology. Do you really believe him? really believe him? Would you trust Would you trust him?him?