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Ann Arbor’s Non-motorized Transportation Steps Forward Eli Cooper, AICP Presentation to Trailnet: Streets for Everyone August 2014

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Page 1: Cooper.ann arbor

Ann Arbor’s

Non-motorized Transportation

Steps Forward

Eli Cooper, AICP

Presentation to Trailnet: Streets for Everyone

August 2014

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Presentation Overview

Ann Arbor Planning Framework

The Five E’s

Crosswalk Ordinance Case Study

Questions

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Ann Arbor Area

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Non-motorized Ann Arbor

Citizen engagement in Bicycling and Walking

since 1970’s (or earlier)

2007 Adoption of City non-motorized plan

First to consider and include Pedestrian

System

Variety of Implementation Mechanisms

Leading to Results!

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Statistical Background

2010 American

Community Survey

Commute to Work In

Ann Arbor:

15.6 % Walking

3.5% by Bicycle

8.9 % Public

Transportation

Total – 28%

Over three times the US

Average of 8%

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Ann Arbor’s Non-motorized Plan Vision and Purpose

Establish a physical

and cultural

environment that

supports and

encourages

– Safe, comfortable and

convenient bicycling

and walking

– Throughout the city

and into the

surrounding

communities

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Ann Arbor’s Non-motorized Systems

Part of Systems Planning Approach

Targeted to increase “Active Transportation”

Addresses Walking and Bicycling

Walking “Along and Across” Corridors

Includes Innovation

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Add travel choices

Maximize existing capacity

Redesign streets for multiple users

Reduce peak-hour auto trips

Link transportation

investments to land

use and site design

changes

Ann Arbor’s Complete Streets Policy

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Ann Arbor’s Implementation

Dedicated ALT Transportation Fund

5% of Act 51 Resources

Sidewalk Maintenance Millage

Integration into other projects

Competitive Grants – TE, ARRA, Etc.

Piggybacking – Geddes Rd over US 23

Washtenaw Under US 23

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Ann Arbor Non-motorized Framework

Primary Activities City Lead

Encouragement Promoting walking ALT Transportation and

Communications

Engineering Planning and physical

domain

ALT Transportation and

Project Management

Education Information on rules of,

and sharing the road

ALT Transportation and

Communications

Enforcement City Code and police

actions

Police, City Attorney and

ALT Transportation

Evaluation Monitoring ALT Transportation and

Project Management

Ann Arbor’s Five E Framework

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Engineering: Pedestrian Treatments

Countdown

Heads

HAWK

Refuge Island

Flashing Beacon

Bus Stop

Location

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Engineering: Sidewalk Gaps Filled

S. State Street at Ann Arbor RR Packard at Platt

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Engineering: New Shared Use Paths

Washtenaw Ave. Path

Geddes Rd. Path and Bridge over U.S. 23

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Engineering:

Downtown Fifth and Division Improvements

Collaboration with Downtown Development Authority

• Three lanes to two • On-street parking • Enhanced sidewalk environment • Curb Bump Out

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Engineering: Bus Stops at Crosswalks

50’

Bus stop on far side of the crosswalk

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Engineering: Crosswalk Configuration

• Encourages pedestrians exiting the

bus to use the crosswalk.

• Better site lines for motorists and

pedestrians.

• Coordinates transit operations with

traffic patterns

• Takes advantage of lighting features

Bus stops should be located close to adequate crossing facilities to encourage

pedestrians to use crossing and reduce jaywalking - FHWA

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Education and Encouragement:

Ann Arbor Safe Streets and Sidewalks

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Education and Encouragement

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Enforcement

2010: Code amendments :

•bicyclists’ rights and

duties

•bike lanes and bike paths

•pedestrian rights and

duties.

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Evaluation: Non-motorized Plan:

The Early Results A greater number of

individuals freely

choosing alternative

transportation modes

2000 24.7%

2010 28 %

Leading to healthier

lifestyles, improved

air and water quality,

and a safer, more

sustainable

community and

region.

A Healthier, More Livable

Community

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Ann Arbor Crosswalk Issue

Case Study

What happens if one

Relies on one “E”

Does it work or backfire?

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The Catalyst

Local Advocacy Group - WBWC

Convened Pedestrian Forum

Presented video of motorists’ non-

compliance

Advocated for changing the City Code

addressing “Crosswalks”

Modeled on Boulder, CO

– “In or approaching”

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The Response

Advocates content they initiated change

Motorists unsure of what “Approaching”

meant

Conducted outreach around targeted

enforcement

Some modest behavior change, but

Code Change was too much, too fast!

Led to City Council Crosswalk Review

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Ann Arbor Crosswalk Review

Crosswalk Research findings

– 23 of largest 50 Cities have regulations

• Fines range from $50 to $242

– MN, MD, WA, OR, CO, FL & GA have “Stop” Laws

– NJ and IL, adopted “Stop” in 2010

• Rationale – Stop - Clearer than Yield

– MI UTC is available for adoption, is not law

without local action

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Ann Arbor Crosswalk Review

Encouragement and Education

– Awareness

– Emphasis safety, roles and responsibility

– Outreach Mechanisms

• Brochures, posters, advertisements, inserts

• Bus Advertising – inside and outside

• Fleet operators, City, AATA, UM, USPS,

Private Carriers

• Employers via getDowntown Program

• CTN, Radio and other outlets

• In-road & Changeable Message signs

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Ann Arbor Crosswalk Review

Enforcement

– Code Provisions

– Police activities

• Targeted enforcement

Evaluation

– Monitor effectiveness

• Pedestrian crashes and volumes

• Crosswalk Stop Rate

• others

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Ann Arbor Crosswalk Review

Code modifications

– Staff Recommendations (from First Reading

version)

• Keep “Stop”

• “Curb line”

• Multilane exception (UTC language)

– Note also Current Code:

• UTC section R 28.1703 Rule 703.

• Do not pass stopped vehicle at marked crosswalk

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Ann Arbor Crosswalk Review

Summary

– Five E’s provided organizing framework

– Educate and Encourage

• Rights and Responsibilities

– Enforcement

• Code modifications recommended

• AAPD role

– Evaluation

– Engineering recommendations

• RRFBs

• Enhanced Signage

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Summary: Walkable, bikable

places have:

A civic

commitment

to walking

and cycling,

from top to

bottom.

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Community Leadership

If we’re going to continue to grow, we’re

going to need to get people into town

without cars,” said Hieftje, “Otherwise,

we’re looking at gridlock in a few years

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Planning for “Complete Streets”

Key elements

• Institutional buy-in

• Build projects with community engagement

• All transportation planning - Multimodal

• Sidewalks required on both sides of all streets

• Bike lanes preferred over side paths

• $$ allocated to creating non-motorized system

• Transit millage

• Link transportation and land use

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Conclusions

Leadership, Planning and Policy are first

steps

Complete Streets include all modes

All five E’s are essential

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Questions ?