Converting Water Into Electrical Energy_edited

8/7/2019 Converting Water Into Electrical Energy_edited

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Converting

Water into


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Electrical

Energy A


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-Generator/ Motor-Copper wire-Light Bulb-Handle

-A source of high pressured movingwater


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Background and

Purpose :Our main focus by doing this

experiment is to prove that water canbe a renewable source of energy. We


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are trying to transform motion energyin water to hydro electrical energy.

Usually in hydro power plants, thewater moves and causes a turbine to

turn. Because of the turn, the generator

changes the motion energy to hydro

electrical energy which is transferred


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through the power lines transferring todifferent places.

We are using renewable sources ofenergy so when the main sources of

energy are depleted; renewable source

of energy can be a substitute. In this

way, we save natural non-renewable

source of energy.


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Renewable sources of energy aresources of energy which can be used

over and over again. Unlike non renewable sources of energy, it can only

be used once. It takes a long timebefore new sources are created. Some

renewable sources of energy are; water,

sunlight, wind, air, etc. And non


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renewable sources of energy are; fossilfuels, coals, and natural gas.

Water is a chemical substance withthe chemical formula H2o. Its molecule

contains one oxygen and two hydrogen

atoms connected by zovalent bonds.

Water is a liquid at ambient conditions,

but it often co-exist on earth with its


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solid state, ice and gaseous state (watervapour or steam) . Water also exist in a

liquid crystal state near hydrophilicsurface.

Electricity generated by hydro power

is the production of electrical power

through the use of the gravitational

force of falling or flowing water.


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Water is the most widely used formof renewable energy and many countries

are using water as a source to power upenergy to save non renewable sources

of energy.


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through a big generator, but ours is justa small generator which can only produce

small amounts of electricity.

Hypothesis :


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That the energy inside the water maybe converted to electrical energy.

Questions :-How can water be converted toelectrical energy?

-How is water a source of energy?


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-How can hydro energy be stored?-How can we find energy inside water?-Why is hydro energy important in ourlife?

Steps :


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1. Find a source of energy. Stream, riveror any place can be used.

2. Get a propeller, paddle wheel orturbine.

3. Attach your propeller, paddle, wheel

or turbine to a small electric generator.

It should be small to fit the stream.


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produced. At first, we werentsuccessful because the turbine was

broken. The second time we did it, itworked. It was possible because the

motor and the new turbine werecompatible. In our experiment, we show

how hydro energy is stored by storing it

in water. Then we show how it is


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transformed by using a generator,making hydro energy. We also show how

this transfers through the turbine orpropeller.

Conclusions :


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Hydro energy is an energy that istaken from water and converted to

electricity. Water is the source for thisenergy. In our mini model, we will show

that motion energy can be stored inwater. Usually, they are stored in

reservoirs, dams or rivers. But in our

mini experiment, we will keep the water


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in an aquarium and use a pipe to createhigh pressured water to push the

turbine.Hydroelectric dams can convert

kinetic energy into electrical energy.

When the water comes into the dam, it

creates gravitational energy because it

is flowing down and also creates kinetic


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energy because the water is moving. Theforce of the water pushes the paddle

which turns the shaft and generates theelectricity.

Hydro energy creates electricity.

Most of it relies on the water cycle. It

was one of the renewable sources of

energy used in United States. It was


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used in1880

. It was the 7 % of U.S.electricity generation and 35 %

generation from renewable source in2009. It was first opened in Fox River

near Appleton, Wisconsin on September30, 1882.

Water dams used to be popular in

olden ages when places like Las Vegas


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hasn't expanded much. They startedusing dams at the year of 1878. Hoover

Dam was used to light up the whole ofLas Vegas before Las Vegas expanded so

much. In the olden ages, the dams used

to power up most of the world but now

it only lights up around 1 billion houses.

A dam works by trapping water

behind it and then let it flow through


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the water wheels and generatingelectricity through generators. These

dams are cheap and efficient becausethey also block out floods inside the

dams, thus costs can be shared.

Dams convert kinetic or motion

energy into hydro electrical energy,which is energy produced by water. The

generator and the water wheel are the


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main parts for a normal dam. These twoare vital because the wheel gets turned

by the water and then it is passedthrough the generator and hydro

electrical energy is created.

AdvantagesyOnce the dam is built,


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the energy is virtuallyfree.

yNo waste or pollutionproduced.yMuch more reliable thanwind, solar or wave

power.yWater can be stored


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above the dam ready tocope with peaks in

demand.yHydro-electric powerstations can increase tofull power very quickly,

unlike other power

stations.


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yElectricity can begenerated constantly.

DisadvantagesyThe dams are veryexpensive to build.However, many dams are


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that used to live there.yFinding a suitable sitecan be difficult - theimpact on residents and

the environment may beunacceptable.

yWater quality andquantity downstream can


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be affected, which canhave an impact on plant

life.

H2o will be broken into H and O by

flowing DC (direct current). Energy isproduced by the breaking of the bonds.

Hydro energy is important in our livesbecause it is a renewable source of


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energy and can be a substitute for non renewable sources of energy.

We now conclude that our hypothesisis correct because when we tried out

the generator which is connected to the

bulb, the bulb lighted up.

Resources:http://science.howstuffworks.com/environmental/energy/hydropo


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wer-plant.htm

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hydropower

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hydroelectricity

http://www.darvill.clara.net/altenerg/hydro.htm

http://www.eia.doe.gov/kids/energy.cfm?page=hydropower_home-

basics Interview with: Jules brother

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Converting Water Into Electrical Energy_edited