Conversion Factors

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CONVERSION FACTORS

To Convert To Multiply byLength

inches millimeters 25.4*inches feet 0.0833feet inches 12*feet meters 0.3048*feet yards 0.3333feet miles (U.S. statute) 0.0001894yards feet 3*yards miles (U.S. statute) 0.0005682miles (U.S. statute) feet 5280*miles (U.S. statute) yards 1760*miles (U.S. statute) meters 1609miles (U.S. statute) nautical miles 0.868meters feet 3.281meters yards 1.094meters miles (U.S. statute) 0.0006214nautical miles miles (U.S. statute) 1.152

Areasquare inches square centimeters 6.452square inches square feet 0.006944square feet square inches 144*square feet square meters 0.09290square meters square feet 10.76square miles square yards 3,097,600*square yards square feet 9*

Volumecubic inches cubic centimeters 16.39cubic inches cubic feet 0.0005787cubic feet cubic inches 1728*cubic feet cubic meters 0.02832cubic feet U.S. gallons 7.481cubic meters cubic feet 35.31liters quarts (U.S. liquid) 1.057quarts (U.S. liquid) liters 0.9463U.S. gallons barrels (petroleum) 0.02381U.S. gallons cubic feet 0.1337U.S. gallons Imperial gallons 0.8327barrels (petroleum) U.S. gallons 42*Imperial gallons U.S. gallons 1.201milliliters cubic centimeters 1*

Timeseconds minutes 0.01667seconds hours 0.0002778

*Exact value

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CONVERSION FACTORS(continued)

To Convert To Multiply by

seconds days 0.00001157minutes seconds 60*minutes hours 0.01667minutes days 0.0006944hours seconds 3600*hours minutes 60*hours days 0.04167

Mass or Weightpounds kilograms 0.4536pounds short tons 0.0005*pounds long tons 0.0004464pounds metric tons 0.0004536tons (short) pounds 2000*tons (metric) pounds 2205*tons (long) pounds 2240*kilograms pounds 2.205tonnes (metric tons) kilograms 1000*

Energycalories Btu 0.003968calories joules 4.187Btu (British thermal units) calories 252.0Btu joules 1055joules calories 0.2388joules Btu 0.0009479

Velocityfeet per second meters per second 0.3048feet per second miles per hour 0.6818feet per second knots 0.5921meters per second feet per second 3.281meters per second miles per hour 2.237miles per hour meters per second 0.4470miles per hour feet per second 1.467knots meters per second 0.5148knots miles per hour 1.151knots feet per second 1.689

Densitypounds per cubic foot grams per cubic centimeter 0.01602grams per cubic centimeter pounds per cubic foot 62.42grams per cubic centimeter kilograms per cubic meter 1000*kilograms per cubic meter grams per cubic centimeter 0.001

*Exact value

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Pressurepounds per square inch kilonewtons per square meter 6.895 (absolute) (psia) (kN/m2)psia atmospheres 0.0680psia inches of water 27.67psia millimeters of mercury (torr) 51.72pounds per square inch psia add 14.70 (gauge) (psig)millimeters of mercury psia 0.01934 (torr)millimeters of mercury kN/m2 0.1333 (torr)inches of water psia 0.03614kilograms per square millimeters of mercury (torr) 735.6 centimeterinches of water kN/m2 0.2491kilograms per square atmospheres 0.9678 centimeteratmospheres kN/m2 101.3kilograms per square psia 14.22 centimeteratmospheres psia 14.70bars kN/m2 100*kilonewtons per square psia 0.1450 meter (kN/m2)bar atmospheres 0.9869kilonewtons per square atmospheres 0.009869 meter (kN/m2)bar kilograms per square 1.020

centimeter

Viscositycentipoises pounds per foot per second 0.0006720pounds per foot per second centipoises 1488centipoises poises 0.01*centipoises newton seconds per square meter 0.001*poises grams per centimeter per second 1*grams per centimeter per poises 1* secondnewton seconds per square centipoises 1000* meter

*Exact value

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Thermal ConductivityBtu per hour per foot per oF watts per meter-kelvin 1.731Btu per hour per foot per oF kilocalories per hour per 1.488

meter per oCwatts per meter-kelvin Btu per hour per foot per oF 0.5778kilocalories per hour per watts per meter-kelvin 1.163 meter per oCkilocalories per hour per Btu per hour per foot per oF 0.6720 meter per oC

Heat CapacityBtu per pound per oF calories per gram per oC 1*Btu per pound per oF joules per kilogram-kelvin 4187joules per kilogram-kelvin Btu per pound per oF 0.0002388calories per gram per oC Btu per pound per oF 1*

Concentration (in water solution)parts per million (ppm) milligrams per liter 1*parts per billion (ppb) micrograms per liter 1*milligrams per liter ppm 1*micrograms per liter ppb 1*milligrams per cubic meter grams per cubic centimeter 1X10-9

grams per cubic centimeter milligrams per cubic meter 1X109

grams per cubic centimeter pounds per cubic foot 62.42pounds per cubic foot grams per cubic centimeter 0.01602

Temperaturedegrees Kelvin (oK) degrees Rankine (oR) 1.8*degrees Rankine (oR) degrees Kelvin (oK) 0.5556degrees centigrade (oC) degrees Fahrenheit (oF) first multiply by 1.8,

then add 32degrees Fahrenheit (oF) degrees centigrade (oC) first subtract 32, then

multiply by 0.5556degrees centigrade (oC) degrees Kelvin (oK) add 273.2degrees Fahrenheit (oF) degrees Rankine (oR) add 459.7

Flowcubic feet per second U.S. gallons per minute 448.9U.S. gallons per minute cubic feet per second 0.002228

Universal Gas Constant (R)8.314 joules per gram mole- kelvin1.987 calories per gram mole-kelvin

*Exact value

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To Convert To Multiply by1.987 Btu per pound mole per oF10.73 psia-cubic feet per pound mole per oF82.057 atm-cubic centimeters per gram mole-kelvin62.361 millimeters mercury liter per gram mole-kelvin

Amount of OilVolume

Barrels Gallons 42.0Gallons Barrels 0.0238Tons of Fuel Oil #1 Gallons 280-290Tons of Fuel Oil #2 Gallons 267-280Tons of Fuel Oil #4 Gallons 263-265Tons of Fuel Oil #5 Gallons 253-260Tons of Fuel Oil #6 Gallons 246-250

WeightPounds Tons 0.0005Tons Pounds 2000Gallons of Fuel Oil #1 Pounds 6.879 to 7.085Gallons of Fuel Oil #2 Pounds 7.128 to 7.490Gallons of Fuel Oil #4 Pounds 7.538 to 7.587Gallons of Fuel Oil #5 Pounds 7.686 to 7.891Gallons of Fuel Oil #6 Pounds 7.998 to 8.108

Actual Capacity in Gallons

Per Lineal Foot Standard PipeDiameter Gallons (inches) Per Foot

0.5 0.01500.75 0.02751.0 0.04451.25 0.07801.50 0.10602.0 0.17502.50 0.25003.0 0.38403.5 0.51504.0 0.66404.5 0.83005.0 1.04006.0 1.500 8.0 2.612

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Temperature Conversions

Co oF Co oF

0oC 32 oF1 33.8 20 68.02 35.6 21 69.83 37.4 22 71.64 39.2 23 73.45 41.0 24 75.26 42.8 25 77.07 44.6 26 78.88 46.4 27 80.69 48.2 28 82.410 50.0 29 84.211 51.8 30 86.012 53.6 31 87.813 55.4 32 89.614 57.2 33 91.415 59.0 34 93.216 60.8 35 95.017 62.6 36 96.818 64.4 37 98.619 66.2 37.8 100.0

Formula for oF to oC: Formula for oC to oF:

(oF-32) x 5/9 = oC (oCx9/5) + 32 = oF

To Convert from API Gravity to specific gravity at 60o F

API Gravity = (141.5/(S.G. @ 60oF)) - 131.5

See Section 9 - Perry's Handbook of Chemical Engineering

Specific Gravity @ 60oF = 141.5 API Gravity + 131.5

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Miscellaneous

# One (1) gallon of water weighs 8.33 pounds and contains 231 cubic inches.

# A cubic foot of water contains 7.5 gallons, 1728 cubic inches, and weighs 62.5 pounds.

# To find the pressure in pounds per square inch of a column of water, multiply the height ofthe column (in feet) by 0.433.

# A gallon of gasoline weighs 5.49 to 5.83 pounds.

# A cubic foot of gasoline weighs 41.09 to 43.59 pounds.

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Conversion Factors