CONVENTIONS OF ORTHOGRAPHIC DRAWING

PLAN

FFD 201 – PLANSECTIONELEVATION

FFD 201 – PLAN

Multiview drawings comprise the drawing types we know as plans, elevations, and sections. Each is an orthographic projection of a particular aspect of a three-dimensional object or construction.

MULTIVIEW DRAWINGS

PLAN A floor plan represents a section of a

building as it would appear if cut through by a horizontal plane with the upper portion removed. The floor plan is an orthographic projection of the portion that remains.

Floor as well as between plans typically show the configuration of walls and columns, the shape and dimensions of spaces, the pattern of window and door openings, and the connections between spaces inside and outside.

The plane of the horizontal cut is usually located about the eye level (165 cm.) above the floor, but this height can vary according to the nature of the building design.The horizontal section cuts through all walls and columns, as well as through all door and window openings.

Beyond the plane of the cut, we see the floor, counters, tabletops, and similar horizontal surfaces.

FFD 201 – PLAN

FFD 201 – PLAN

These series of drawings illustrates the sequence in which a plan drawing is executed.

FFD 201 – PLAN

To convey depth in a floor plan, we can use a hierarchy of line weights.

Vanna Venturi House in Philadelphia, designed by Robert Venturi in 1962

FFD 201 – PLAN

LINE SYMBOL & LINE WIDTH

FFD 201 – PLAN

We can emphasize the shape of cut elements with a tonal value that contrasts with the spatial field of the floor plan. We refer to this darkening of cut walls, columns, and other solid matter as poche.

SCALE

FFD 201 – PLAN

FFD 201 – PLAN

SCALE

ELEMENTS THAT A PLAN MUST INCLUDE Structural grids shown as hatch line and labeled with a reference

number Various spaces labeled with a name (e.g. living room, kitchen,

etc.) Section line and section reference letter/number Interior elevation sign Entrance arrow for ground floor plans Windows (are not shown in the same way as walls) may be given

dimensions and reference numbers Doors - the type of door is shown (swing, sliding, rotating) and

may be given dimensions and reference numbers Stairs (arrow for upward direction, number of treads, riser height,

reference number/letter, only portion upto head height shown) Dimensioning Hatching for special floor surfaces Furniture

FFD 201- PLAN

SAMPLE PLAN

SAMPLE ANNOTATIONS

FFD 201 – PLAN

SOME SYMBOLS AND FURNITURE INDICATIONS ON PLAN

FFD 201 – PLAN

CONVENTIONS FOR DOOR & WINDOW OPENINGS

FFD 201 – PLAN

CONVENTIONS FOR STAIRCASE

FFD 201 – PLAN

CONVENTIONS FOR STAIRCASE