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8/3/2019 Contingency apprach
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A presentation on
Contingency Approach to
Leadership
Presented By-
Bibhuti B. Bhardwaj
CIB-09-016
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Leadership and Followership Styles
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DefinitionDefinition
DefinitionDefinition
Assessment based on:
Leadership Styles
Situational Variables
Contingency Theory Approach Description
Effective leadership is contingent on
matching a leaders style to the right
setting
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Contingency Theory Approach Description
Contingency theory is a leader-match theory (Fiedler
& Chemers, 1974)
Tries to match leaders to appropriate situations
Leaders effectiveness depends on how well the
leaders style fits the context
PerspectivePerspective
PerspectivePerspective
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Leadership Styles
Leadership styles are described as:
Task-motivated (Low LPCs)
Leaders are concerned primarily with reaching a
goal
Relationship-motivated (High LPCs)
Leaders are concerned with developing close
interpersonal relationshipsLeader Style Measurement Scale (Fiedler)
Least Preferred Co-Worker (LPC) ScaleHigh LPCs = Relationship-motivated
Low LPCs = Task-motivated
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LPC Scale
Used to measure a persons leadership style
For example, it measures your style by having you
describe a coworker with whom you had difficultycompleting a job. (not necessarily someone you
dislike, but someone with whom you least like to
work with)
After you choose this person, the LPC instrument
asks you to describe your coworker on 18 sets of
adjectives
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Least Preferred Coworker (LPC) Scale
Pleasant 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 UnpleasantFriendly 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 Unfriendly
Rejecting 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 Accepting
Tense 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 Relaxed
Cold 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 Warm
Supportive 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 Hostile
Boring 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 Interesting
Quarrelsome 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 Harmonious
Gloomy 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 Cheerful
Open 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 Closed
Backbiting 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 Loyal
Untrustworthy 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 TrustworthyConsiderate 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 Inconsiderate
Nasty 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 Nice
Agreeable 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 Disagreeable
Insincere 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 Sincere
Kind 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 Unkind
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Scoring
Your final score is the total of the numbers you
circled on the 18 scales
57 or less = Low LPC (task motivated)
58-63 = Middle LPC (socio-independent leaders,
self directed and not overly concerned with the
task or with how others view them)64 or above = High LPC (motivated by
relationships)
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How it works
By measuring a leaders LPC score andthree situational variables, one can
predict whether the leader is going tobe successful in a particular setting.
It is important to note thatcontingency theory stresses thatleaders are NOT successful in all
situations.
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Fiedlers Contingency Leadership Model
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Leader-Member Relations
- Refers to the group atmosphere and the
degree of confidence, loyalty, and attraction offollowers for leader
Group atmosphere
Good high degree of subordinate trust, liking,
positive relationship
Poor little or no subordinate trust, friction
exists, unfriendly
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Task Structure
Concerns the degree to which requirements of
a task are clear and spelled out
High Structure
requirements/rules - are clearly stated/known
path to accomplish - has few alternatives
task completion - can be clearly demonstrated
limited number - correct solutions exist
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Task Structure, contd.
Concerns the degree to which requirements of a
task are clear and spelled out
Low Structure
requirements/rules - not clearly stated/known
path to accomplish - has many alternatives
task completion - cannot be clearly demonstrated/verified
unlimited number - correct solutions exist
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Position PowerDesignates the amount of authority a leader has
to reward or punish followers
Strong Power authority to hire or fire
Weak Power
no authority to either hire or fire
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