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International Research Innovation, Invention & Solution Exposition (IRIISE 2018)
1
CONTENTS
International Research Innovation, Invention & Solution Exposition (IRIISE 2018)
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TABLE OF CONTENT
CATEGORY A
Arts & Humanities ................................................................. 3
Engineering & Technology .................................................... 7
Life Sciences & Medicine ..................................................... 16
Natural Sciences ................................................................... 23
Social Sciences & Management............................................ 29
CATEGORY B
Engineering & Technology .................................................. 32
Life Sciences & Medicine ..................................................... 46
Natural Sciences ................................................................... 64
Social Sciences & Management............................................ 71
Arts & Humanities ............................................................... 83
CATEGORY C
Engineering & Technology .................................................. 98
Life Sciences & Medicine ....................................................139
Natural Sciences ..................................................................154
Social Sciences & Management...........................................165
International Research Innovation, Invention & Solution Exposition (IRIISE 2018)
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CATEGORY A
Arts & Humanities
International Research Innovation, Invention & Solution Exposition (IRIISE 2018)
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JAPANESE LANGUAGE AS ADDITIONAL PROGRAMME
IN A RURAL AREA SCHOOL INCREASES PUPILS'
MOTIVATION IN SMK JERAM
Leong Hung Tong, Nor Aisyah Azahar, Yap Li Kean, Aiman Najah
Jeffrey, Azra Zulaikha Kamsani, Mohammad Akmal Rizal Kamsani,
Sekolah Menengah Kebangsaan Jeram,
Email: [email protected]
ABSTRACT
Motivation builds student’s resilience and does not give up easily in
doing something either in academic or co-curricular projects. Japanese
language learning is said to motivate students to continue learning even
after experiencing failure, not only Japanese language subject, other
subjects too. Japanese Club of SMK Jeram was created since 2016. This
club was established by Miss Leong Hung Tong, an English teacher in
SMK Jeram. She studied in Japan for student’s exchange programme and
is currently teaches some SMK Jeram's pupils about Japanese language
and cultures. This club was awarded as the most active club in 2017. The
activities held by the club increases. It is found out that the involvement
of pupils in the activities carried out is not encouraging. Therefore, this
study is conducted with the purpose to investigate the reasons of the
low involvement of pupils in the activities carried out. This project aims
to find out the reasons why the involvement of pupils in the activities
carried out is not encouraging. It is speculated that some of the reasons
that cause involvement of pupils in the Japanese club activities are
pupils do not have transportation to attend the activities held and pupils
who joined the club are not interested in the club. It is also important to
investigate the pupils’ perceptions of Japanese language learning and
subsequently enable the findings of the project may produce coping
strategies in this project to increase the involvement of the pupils in the
activities carried out by the club. The method chosen for this study is
survey method. 19 Japanese club members and 6 ex Japanese club
members were selected for the study. The reason is due to the even
chance in investigating the low motivation of pupils in joining the club
activities, or even joining the club as a member. It is reported that 40% of
the targeted sample did not have any transport to join the Japanese
International Research Innovation, Invention & Solution Exposition (IRIISE 2018)
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club’s activities. It is found out that 76% of the targeted sample felt that it
is easy to understand Japanese language taught by the teacher. It is
found that the speculations made at the beginning of the study were not
the main reasons and there were no dominant reasons able to be
identified from the study and it would be suggested that further
investigation to be carried out to explore further.
Keywords: Japanese, additional language, pupils' motivation, survey,
secondary school, rural area
International Research Innovation, Invention & Solution Exposition (IRIISE 2018)
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PAPERGAM - MULTI LANGUAGE PICTURE GAME
Siti Zubaidah Binti Musa, Muhammad Adam Senin, Nur Aiman Fahmi
Nornizam,
Sekolah Kebangsaan Bandar Maharani, Muar, Johor
Email: [email protected]
ABSTRACT
In a learning process, weaker pupils will always be left out because they
need a special technique or method to fit their lesson need based on
pupils centred activities so that it can develop their interest to learn.
They also need fun learning activity to increase their focus towards their
teacher’s teaching. Hence, usually these weak pupils will be send to the
remedial class. Therefore, PaPerGam innovation was created to help the
teachers to guide the weaker pupils. The idea came from the advance
pupils in the class that are concern with their friend ability. Besides that,
it will help the weaker pupils to increase their speaking and reading
skills through fun learning. There are 5 types of PaPerGam sets
according to the levels and the teachers are free to choose and use any
type of level according to the pupils need. The pictures provided are
authentic and PaPerGam focused on spelling, building phrases and
generating ideas of making simple sentences based on the pictures. It
does not require long explanation and it is using friendly-recycle concept
where the drinking bottle lids from any colours are used as the token of
the game. PaPerGam was created by using keynote application on
MacBook Air and does not require large cost to be print. PaPerGam is
durable and many pupils can enjoy the game in the class.
Keywords: Papergam, fun learning, student centred learning,
innovation
International Research Innovation, Invention & Solution Exposition (IRIISE 2018)
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CATEGORY A
Engineering & Technology
International Research Innovation, Invention & Solution Exposition (IRIISE 2018)
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PORTABLE SOLAR FRIDGE
Pushpa Rani Subramani Selvan,
Sekolah Jenis Kebangsaan Tamil Masai, Johor
Email: [email protected]
ABSTRACT
Solar energy is a sustainable energy. Solar power helps to slow and stop
global warming. Global warming threatens the survival of human
society, as well as the survival of countless species. Solar power is now
very clearly one of the most important solutions to the global warming
crisis. Energy saving and eco friendly portable solar fridge is perfect
appliance to reduce power costs in residential to meet cooling and
freezing needs in remote areas without a power supply. This appliance
saves money and easy to carry. It also helps for keeping food safe and
preserved. Other uses include to keep medical supplies at proper
temperatures in remote locations.
Keywords: solar power, fridge
International Research Innovation, Invention & Solution Exposition (IRIISE 2018)
9
LOW COST ECO- FRIENDLY WATER FILTER
Jayamalini Anadcaan@Eaganathan,
Tadika Manja Pintar
Email: hasanah [email protected]
ABSTRACT
Greywater is wastewater from any household source other than toilets.
Greywater makes up roughly 60% of household wastewater. A
greywater recycling system uses water primarily from showers and
bathtubs. It can also capture water from bathroom or wastewater from
the utility sink and washing machine. Wastewater that includes toilet
waste is called black water. Because it contains fecal matter, black water
is not safe for domestic recycling under any circumstances. Some
advantages of recycling greywater are useful during periods of droughts
or water shortage, saves on your water bills, no wastage of water, helps
save useful plants and vegetables when the water supply is very low
and can be used for collecting and using rainwater. The simplest and
cheapest greywater recycling system is to capture shower and bath
water in a bucket and use it to flush a toilet. But take care never to fill the
flush storage tank with greywater as it will start smelling and may clog
the flushing mechanism. Another simple way is to collect the water from
a washing machine in a tub by connecting the outlet to the tub, and
using this water for the garden. There are other, more expensive systems
in the market. But with simple tools you can also create a recycling
system at home or make a small model of it to display at the science fair
or exhibition at school. Recently there was an incident whereby the
residents of the whole state of Selangor Malaysia was struggling
continuesly for 4 days without water due to some water maintenance
job. That’s where we decided to invent something which can give us a
solution.LOW COST ECO-FRIENDLY WATER FILTER. The basic setup
of the invention is setting up two tanks. These two tanks should be
interconnected with a tiny tube. The first tank is sedimentation tank for
oil trap and the second tank is sand planted tank whereby we use
“canna” which has a property to remove phosphates from dishwashing
detergents. The bottom layer of Sand planted filter should filled with
medium size gravel and followed by coarse gravel . The top layer of the
International Research Innovation, Invention & Solution Exposition (IRIISE 2018)
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tank is coarse sand which is washed several times. This is the setup of
the sand planted filter. The primary tank has a partition whereby the
food particles settledown. .The second part is for oil trap. Place the
greywater into the sedimentation tank. The particles will settledown
gradually . Then the partially treated water goes into sandplanted tank
where it is left for sufficient time to absorb by the plant.The water from
the sand planted filter treated with alam where the negatively charged
choloride particle clum together into flocks which either floats or settle
and can be easily filtered off and to get a better quality. Finally this
water can be used for gardening , landscaping and washing. The results
shows a significant improvement in water quality parameters. The
proposed method is simple hence can be implemented in both urban
and rural household. So identifying an appropriate low energy intensive
cost effective solution for treating and reusing is necessary. The current
study is focused on a wastewater treatment system that is designed for
reuse of kitchen, bathroom and washing machine wastewater. A
physical method of treating waste water has been implemented , making
it eco-friendly and energy efficient.. Conserve Water…. Conserve Life…
Keywords: water filter low cost water filter
International Research Innovation, Invention & Solution Exposition (IRIISE 2018)
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AUTO BOOK STAND HOLDER
Gunasaundry A/P Masilamany, Kabileshwaran Ganash, Roeswaran
Sandarasagaran, Navieyaa Dusantran, Thejaaswiny Karthigesan,
Sekolah Jenis Kebangsaan Tamil Pusat Telok Datok, Selangor
Email: [email protected]
ABSTRACT
The auto book stand holder will make displaying books in bookshelf
easier and smarter. This invention will be very useful to home, school
and public library. The auto book stand holder uses a sprng to
displaying books automatically. It will surely help the library related
society in the future.
Keywords: auto book stand holder
International Research Innovation, Invention & Solution Exposition (IRIISE 2018)
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SMART ROLLATER
Muhammad Aliff Bin Faizul Azli,
Sekolah Menengah Sains Hulu Selangor, Selangor
Email: [email protected]
ABSTRACT
Hulu Selangor Science School has chosen to build a Smart Rollator with
a view to facilitating all ages no matter young or old, as well as enhance
the mobility of citizens, especially senior citizens. As we know, most of
the walkers which are available in our country are difficult to carry
everywhere. Therefore, we build Smart Rollator which has wheels and
can be easily separated so that can be easily be carried anywhere. For
example, Smart Rollator can be move easily in a building with no
elevator and allows users to go to the desired place and unrestricted
movement due to its ability.
Keywords: dual function wheelchair
International Research Innovation, Invention & Solution Exposition (IRIISE 2018)
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ARDUINO PREVENT SLEEP SYSTEM
Shahizah Shukri, Muhammad Aiman Hakim, Imran Syauqi Roslan,
Mohamad Shafiq Irfan Mohd Fauzi, Amer Hazman Hamzani,
Muhammad Hazim M. Zahari,
Maktab Rendah Sekolah MARA Taiping, Perak
Email: [email protected]
ABSTRACT
Sleep deprivation is known to be risk factor for car crashes. In a study, it
is estimated that drowsy driving is responsible for 20% of all car crashes
in United States. The Arduino Prevent Sleep ( APS ) system is a product
that will overcome one of the biggest problem involving car accidents,
which is drivers oftenly being sleepy when they are driving that will
result in accident. Being sleepy during driving has been a huge problem
in Malaysia, even though many ways have been introduced such as the
consumption of coffee before driving and chewing sweets during
driving but it doesn’t give that much impact. Arduino system is used to
program the component involved in the product such as Ultrasonic
sensor and buzzer. Drowzy driver oftenly fell asleep during driving. At
that moment, the driver’s head will start to move away from the APS
System that is attached to the driver’s headrest. When the driver’s head
is away from the headrest at a certain range, the Ultrasonic censor will
detect and the buzzer will produce sound to warn the driver.
Keywords: Alarm Arduino Engineering
International Research Innovation, Invention & Solution Exposition (IRIISE 2018)
14
RICE VESSELES
Jayalatchume A/P S.Karuppannan,
Kelana Jaya, Sekolah Jenis Kebangsaan Tamil Kuala Langat, Selangor
Email: [email protected]
ABSTRACT
A relatively new concept is the commercial gas rice vessels. This cookers
use rice vessels to produce a uniformly cooked batch of rice. This rice
vessels is a manual kitchen appliance designed to boil rice. Rice vessels
is one of the must have items, as rice is the principle staple of food across
the nation. The taste of pot boiled rice with its low starch levels and
distractive taste maked it a part of the Indian culinary tradition. We
notice that hardship faced by people in handling the hot rice cooking
pot. We realize that this is a universal problem faced by housewives as
well as caterers who cooked rice in open vessels. As these hot vessels
/pots could not be comfortably held or carried, they faced difficulty in
completely draining off the residual water. There is one more important
factor- the cooking pot. The pot plays an important role in cooking rice
thoroughly and evenly without making it soggy. That’s why we make
this safety and new concept pot to make a healthy eating rice method.
We make a huge solution for all the people around the world who
suffering with cooking rice in pot in unsafety way. Step 1: Buy a pot, a
plate, pipe host. Step 2: Put many holes in the plate. Step 3: Attached the
holder with the plate to carry the plate. Step 4: After that welding the tap
attached with the pot. Step 5: Welding a type of rod inside the pot to
stabilize the plate to not go very deep in the pot. Step 6: Screw up the
flexible host in the tap to realise the drain the soggy water. In Malaysia
Indian’s population is 6.9 and 50% of the Indian’s population is
practising boil and drain method to cook rice. Apart from Indian
community, this method will be beneficial to all races who suffer from
obesity and diabetes problems. This rice vessel can be develop for large
scale usage at places of Hospitals, Restaurants and also in school
canteens. HEALTHY EATING HEALTHY LIVING
Keywords: rice vessels
International Research Innovation, Invention & Solution Exposition (IRIISE 2018)
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BIO-DEGRADABLE FOOD CONTAINER
Nurul Ashikin Binti Zaimi, Asma Binti Addenan, Aimi Qistina Binti
Hanipah, Nurhasya Azrini Binti Rusman
SM Sains Hulu Selangor
Plastic pollution is the accumulation of plastic products in the
environment that adversely affects wildlife, wildlife habitat and humans.
Plastics that act as pollutants are categorized into micro-macro debris,
based on size. Plastics are inexpensive and durable, and as a result
levels of plastic production by humans are high. Moreover, the chemical
structure of most plastics renders them resistant to many natural
processes of degradation and as a result they are slow to degrade. Food
containers nowadays contains lots of chemical substances especially the
ingredients they use to make plastic and it is highly toxic for nature and
surrounding. These harmful chemical substances will cause various
effects such as diseases, pollution and even death towards the living
things. Biodegradable food container is an eco-friendly food container
which mainly consists of glycerin, gelatin, corn starch and eggshell. In
this project, we tried to reduce the usage of chemicals substances as the
raw materials for making food containers. Our objective is to introduce a
new healthy alternative for food containers. The users of this
biodegradable food container is same like other food containers but
more eco-friendly. Therefore, we decided to create an eco-friendly food
containers which is cost-saving and also easily made. Thus it can save
our time and at the same time our environment will be less polluted.
International Research Innovation, Invention & Solution Exposition (IRIISE 2018)
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CATEGORY A
Life Sciences & Medicine
International Research Innovation, Invention & Solution Exposition (IRIISE 2018)
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VEGE D JACK
A.Vijeeya Letchumee A/P S. Avediar, Umadevi Arumugam,
Sekolah Jenis Kebangsaan Tamil Puchong,
Email: [email protected]
ABSTRACT
Waste is the biggest issue in the world which leads to global warming.
Many studies have been done to utilize the waste materials to be applied
in many various applications. Jackfruits seeds and tendrils considered as
the largest waste produced from jackfruit. Jackfruit seeds and tendrils
contain protein, fibre, and minerals which are essential for human
growth and development. Protein is an important building block of
bones, muscles, cartilage, skin, and blood. Fiber improves digestive
health. The aim of this study is to develop a nutritious food from
Jackfruit seeds and tendrils for kids and adults. This Vege D Jack
contains high amount of protein, fiber, Vitamin A and Vitamin E. Per
100g Vege D jack have 14.1g of protein, and 15.8g of fibre. The Vege D
Jack were made in different shape to attract the kids. Vege D Jack also
were tested for microbiology and heavy metal. The results showed that
it’s safe to eat. To test the acceptance level of Vege D Jack, We served the
Vege D Jack to the kids and adults during a birthday party and most of
them liked Vege D Jack .The studies showed that 75% from them liked
the Vege D Jack taste.
Keywords: tropical fruit wastes, fruit waste utilization, high in
nutrients, tested microbiology and heavy metal, safe to eat
International Research Innovation, Invention & Solution Exposition (IRIISE 2018)
18
NATURAL HOMEMADE INSECT REPELLENT SACHET
Lueis Mary A/P Balavendram,
Sekolah Jenis Kebangsaan Tamil Ramakrishna,
Email: [email protected]
ABSTRACT
Natural homemade insect repellent sachet is great for cockroach,
mosquitos, flies and other annoying warm season bugs. Insects such as
cockroaches, ants and flies are present a chronic pest problem to any
household or homeowner as getting rid of them is not an easy task.
Everyone is thus constantly looking for the best ways about how to get
rid of insects. While there is no actual method to completely eradicate
the insects eventough there are some safe and easy ways which can at
least keep them out of our home. The main idea of homemade insect
repellent sachet is to keep them away and kill them at the same time.
Determining the effectiveness of pandan leaves, lemon grass and black
pepper mixture as insect repellent is the main goal of the study. These
natural ingredients is safer and effective for repelling the insects. Using
sachet as observation, one is with the mixture of lemon grass, pandan
leaves and black pepper and the other is without the mixture. In thirty
(30) minutes, one box that without the mixture of lemon grass, pandan
leaves and black pepper, approach by cockroaches but the cockroaches
in the second box with the mixture of lemon grass, pandan leaves and
black pepper is just keep away from the box. The study has found out
that the mixture of pandan leaves, lemon grass and black pepper is an
effective and alternative natural insect repellent. The result of the
present experiment would provide knowledge and information about
pandan leaves, lemon grass and black pepper as insect repellent.
Keywords: homemade sachet
International Research Innovation, Invention & Solution Exposition (IRIISE 2018)
19
FEVER REDUCING AND MONITORING DEVICE
Syamalan A/L Ravi, Muhammad Zhafar
St.John’s Institution
In this modern era, thousands of children worldwide feel under the
weather through fever without the home healthcare provided by their
parents. Parents are deprived of free time due to excessive hours of
work. According to Malaysia’s Ministry of Health, reported were 100,000
cases and 231 deaths by Dengue fever in 2017. We have innovated a
compact headband called “The Nurse” which is worn on the child’s
forehead with any stage of fever. The nurse provides a cooling patch in
the headband which cools down the fever through the forehead. The
Nurse is enabled to monitor the child’s body temperature to determine
before reaching the child’s critical point of temperature. It also sends a
notice of the temperature via message (SMS) to the parents’ mobile
phones. It is also supported by an additional device that connects to The
Nurse through a wireless-distant connection called “Medic Box” where
it alarms a reminder to the child to take medicine at the right time. In a
nutshell, we could conclude that our innovative project, “The Nurse”
will cure many children who have higher levels of fever.
International Research Innovation, Invention & Solution Exposition (IRIISE 2018)
20
BANANA CEILING BOARD
Zuherly Bin Zolkapali, Siti Nuralisya Qistina bt Hemrizal, Yashwini a/p
Buvaneswaran, Ebi Syakirin bin Aznan, Ain Farisya bt Sharmee
SMK Ibrahim, Sungai Petani, Kedah.
Banana Ceiling Board (BCB) is a project that using the stem of the
banana trees to create an innovative ceiling board. The method used is
by extracting the fiber from the banana stem to be used as a main
ingredient in the making of the green ceiling board. Banana tree can
only produce fruit at one time only and the banana stem is always
dispose without care. By carried out this project, a new ceiling board is
created by using natural disposal and the product formed is better and
more cheaper compared to conventional ceiling board at the market.
Banana Ceiling Board (BCB) is an innovative project than can produced
a more affordable and more effective ceiling board. This new generation
of ceiling board is much more cheap, durable, resistant to heat and
corrosion.
Keywords: Ceiling board, banana, fiber, cool, durable
International Research Innovation, Invention & Solution Exposition (IRIISE 2018)
21
PLETHORA PADDY
Madam Hafizuriah Bt Hashim, Miss Lissa Liyana bt Hasmadi, Mr.
Muhammad Muaz Bin Syahrul Nizam, Mr. Muhammad Haziq Hashry
Bin Suhaimi, Miss Ardina Putri Syafeera bt Mohd Amy Azhar,
Muhammad Hafiz Iskandar bt Ismail
SMK Ibrahim, Sungai Petani, Kedah.
1 in 9 people go to bed hungry each night. Our world is facing
CHRONIC HUNGER and they suffer from some form of malnutrition.
Yamen, Ethiopia, Timor-Laste are some of the country that suffers from
hunger issues. We decided to plant paddy which is beneficial to the
human race. Paddy plant produce rice which is the most important
staple food for large of the world population providing more than one
fifth of the calories consumed worldwide by human. Consuming rice
make us feel full than eating other foods. The machine that we invented
in this project is involving systems with its own function, The seedler,
The fertilizer, The harvester, The packaging, The distributor. Plethora
Paddy is an innovative project that can produced affordable rice in
needed area. The paddy produced from the machine can ease the world
hunger issues.
Keywords: Paddy, rice, food, machine
International Research Innovation, Invention & Solution Exposition (IRIISE 2018)
22
PRODIGIOUS MUSHROOM MANUFACTORY
Mahzan Bin Mohd Mohidin, Regina Ling Chen Wei, Muhammad
Halimi Danial Bin Mahzan, Muhammad Akif Aiman bin Muhammad
Adib, Nrrhanani binti Jabdullah, Adam Asfa bin Rosman
SMK Ibrahim, Sungai Petani, Kedah.
The main problem humanity face today is world hunger. This issue is
becoming worse with each passing day. World hunger happens mainly
because of the lack of knowledge in handling agriculture fields and the
increasing population of humanity. Although the percentage of people
facing hunger is 1 out of 7 of our population, it is still an important issue
to tackle. Our team hopes to tackle it with our invention, the Prodigious
Mushroom Factory. There are 7 systems in our project that has its own
function and uses. Firstly, there is the water pipe opener to let the water
flow to the sprinklers. There is also an oxidation pipe which will work to
let water flow down into the container and provide oxygen for the fish.
The water sprinklers are to water the mushroom. The railing track is
used for the grabber to move when plucking mushrooms. The plucker is
used to pluck the mushroom from its respective place. The packaging
system packs the collected mushroom in airtight bags. Lastly, the
distribution system distributes the packaged mushroom to the citizens
according to their BMI. Prodigious Mushroom Manufactory is an
innovative project than can produced a more affordable and more
effective vegetable and food distribution.
Keywords: Mushroom, food, self-grown vegetable
International Research Innovation, Invention & Solution Exposition (IRIISE 2018)
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CATEGORY A
Natural Sciences
International Research Innovation, Invention & Solution Exposition (IRIISE 2018)
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EARTH SAFE BIO-MULCH
Logeswari Murugan, Haris Selvaraju, Mohgiendren Tiruvarasu,
Kanishaa Raja,
Sekolah Jenis Kebangsaan Tamil Jalan Yahya Awal
Email: [email protected]
ABSTRACT
Earth Safe Bio-Mulch is a layer of material made by recycled eggshells
with psyllium husk, coconut and sugarcane bagasse husk applied to the
surface of soil as mat and stone materials. Reasons for applying mulch
include conservation of soil moisture, improving fertility and health of
the soil, reducing weed growth and enhancing the visual appeal of the
area. This Earth Safe Bio-Mulch forms a layer between the soil and the
atmosphere preventing sunlight from reaching the soil surface, thus
reducing evaporation , it also prevent water from reaching the soil by
absorbing or blocking water from rain. This Earth Safe Bio-Mulches
decay over time and are temporary. The way particular mulch
decomposes and reacts to wetting by rain and dew affects its usefulness.
It is recommended for small and large scale planting projects. The main
aim is to make eco-friendly mulch which can stabilizes soil and reduces
erosion and ideal for sloping sites. The term bio is used to represent the
lifecycle of mulch and biodegradability; able to decay naturally and in a
way that is not harmful to the environment. More obviously, this Earth
Safe Bio-Mulch material also be readily available, affordable, easy to use,
and easy to dispose.
Keywords: Bio-Mulch
International Research Innovation, Invention & Solution Exposition (IRIISE 2018)
25
SOY WASTE-BASED FLOUR
Muhammad Akmal Mirza Shamsuri, Danish Najwan Hasnu, Megat
Syafi Asyraf Mohamad Azdan, Ahmad Shaufi Mohd Yazid
Sekolah Menengah Sains Hulu Selangor, Selangor,
Email: [email protected]
ABSTRACT
On average, 45% of total waste are food waste which are considered
problematic waste. Food waste produce strong foul stench and
contaminate recyclable waste. At landfills, food waste emit strong odor
and greenhouse gases, as well as, toxic leachate which is 100 times
stronger than sewage. Ultimately, separation at source of food waste will
resolve the issue of increasing waste quantity and expenditure and most
importantly reduce environmental impact. One type of food waste
which can be re-used as beneficial product is soy waste, which can be
used as the substitute for wheat flour. Comparing to the original product
(wheat flour), the original one should be a little bit yellow in colour. But,
after adding chemical bleaching substances, which is harmful, into it, the
wheat flour colour changes to white. This method is also used in our
daily food such as bread. Most of us did not realize about these
dangerous chemical substances can cause a lot of bad effects to our body
such as cancer, skin irritation, weak hormone system and many more.
Using the original wheat flour may be harmful in a long run and we
need to find replacement material that is safe and healthy. Because of the
problems stated above, our SEMASHUR’s innovation team created Soy
Waste-Based Flour as a solution. This product is made from dried soy
waste and this can help to reduce environmental impact because we are
re-using waste as resource. The colour of this flour is originally white
and the taste is better compared to that of the ordinary flour that we use.
To make this product, firstly, we put the soybeans waste under the
sunlight for a day to make it dry and easier to blend. After that, we use
the blender and make sure the blender is always dry. Next, we blend the
soybeans waste so it will turn into flour. When the flour is done, we put
it into a container and make sure the container is being sealed tightly. So,
we can prevent the air from coming through. Soy Waste-Based Flour is
suitable for all delicious dishes and we will get a lot of nutrients such as
International Research Innovation, Invention & Solution Exposition (IRIISE 2018)
26
proteins, vitamins, minerals and insoluble fiber which is beneficial to our
body and help us to become healthier. So, our aim is to make sure that
our society nowadays can enjoy their daily food and get the nutrients to
fulfill our body needs .This can help the society to do their daily job
constantly without being worry and tired because soy beans help to
supply more energy. Our main target to use this product is for
housewives and hawkers. In conclusion, society nowadays must change
their eating habit to the better one and learn to apply the 3R concept,
reuse, reduce, and recycle to make the world a better place to live and
being a good example to other countries.
Keywords: soy waste, soy waste-based flour, waste conversion to
beneficial product
International Research Innovation, Invention & Solution Exposition (IRIISE 2018)
27
LOW COST ECO- FRIENDLY WATER FILTER
Jayamalini Anadcaan@Eaganathan,
Tadika Manja Pintar,
Email: [email protected]
ABSTRACT
Greywater is wastewater from any household source other than toilets.
Greywater makes up roughly 60% of household wastewater. A
greywater recycling system uses water primarily from showers and
bathtubs. It can also capture water from bathroom or wastewater from
the utility sink and washing machine. Wastewater that includes toilet
waste is called black water. Because it contains fecal matter, black water
is not safe for domestic recycling under any circumstances. Some
advantages of recycling greywater are useful during periods of droughts
or water shortage, saves on your water bills, no wastage of water, helps
save useful plants and vegetables when the water supply is very low
and can be used for collecting and using rainwater. The simplest and
cheapest greywater recycling system is to capture shower and bath
water in a bucket and use it to flush a toilet. But take care never to fill the
flush storage tank with greywater as it will start smelling and may clog
the flushing mechanism. Another simple way is to collect the water from
a washing machine in a tub by connecting the outlet to the tub, and
using this water for the garden. There are other, more expensive systems
in the market. But with simple tools you can also create a recycling
system at home or make a small model of it to display at the science fair
or exhibition at school. Recently there was an incident whereby the
residents of the whole state of Selangor Malaysia was struggling
continuesly for 4 days without water due to some water maintenance
job. That’s where we decided to invent something which can give us a
solution.LOW COST ECO-FRIENDLY WATER FILTER. The basic setup
of the invention is setting up two tanks. These two tanks should be
interconnected with a tiny tube. The first tank is sedimentation tank for
oil trap and the second tank is sand planted tank whereby we use
“canna” which has a property to remove phosphates from dishwashing
detergents. The bottom layer of Sand planted filter should filled with
medium size gravel and followed by coarse gravel . The top layer of the
International Research Innovation, Invention & Solution Exposition (IRIISE 2018)
28
tank is coarse sand which is washed several times. This is the setup of
the sand planted filter. The primary tank has a partition whereby the
food particles settledown. .The second part is for oil trap. Place the
greywater into the sedimentation tank. The particles will settledown
gradually . Then the partially treated water goes into sandplanted tank
where it is left for sufficient time to absorb by the plant.The water from
the sand planted filter treated with alam where the negatively charged
choloride particle clum together into flocks which either floats or settle
and can be easily filtered off and to get a better quality. Finally this
water can be used for gardening , landscaping and washing. The results
shows a significant improvement in water quality parameters. The
proposed method is simple hence can be implemented in both urban
and rural household. So identifying an appropriate low energy intensive
cost effective solution for treating and reusing is necessary. The current
study is focused on a wastewater treatment system that is designed for
reuse of kitchen, bathroom and washing machine wastewater. A
physical method of treating waste water has been implemented , making
it eco-friendly and energy efficient.. Conserve Water…. Conserve Life…
Keywords: WATER FILTER LOW COST WATER FILTER
International Research Innovation, Invention & Solution Exposition (IRIISE 2018)
29
CATEGORY A
Social Sciences & Management
International Research Innovation, Invention & Solution Exposition (IRIISE 2018)
30
READING LITERACY E-BOOK TO IMPROVE READING
SKILLS AND STUDENT' PARTICIPATION AMONG
REMEDIAL EDUCATION STUDENTS
Gopal R.Mahalingam,
Sekolah Kebangsaan Tenang Stesen, Segamat
Email: [email protected]
ABSTRACT
There is a need to pay attention to reading skills to improve and
encourage Literacy Numeracy Screening (LINUS) students to engage
and be responsible for their own learning. Many studies have shown
that electronic book (e-book) are capable of helping students improve
their reading skills. However, the existing e-book do not emphasize
reading skills. In addition, the e-book have failed to sustain students’
attention in learning because they are not empowered with e-book
elements such as challenges, opportunities, stimulants, narrative and
design. These issues indirectly have limited active participation of
pupils. Thus, in this research, Reading Literacy E-Book were developed
to improve LINUS students’ reading skills, increase participation, and
increase interest in reading literacy. The respondents in this study were
selected based on purposeful sampling whereby 60 students with
reading problems were grouped as the control and experimental groups.
Data were collected through pre-test and post-test, and observation and
questionnaire were included for the experimental group. The results,
showed that the mean value of the post test for experimental group was
57.37 whereas the control group had 25.47. In addition, the results of the
validated observations found that the students from the experimental
group were actively involved and enthusiastic during the process of
learning to read. Findings from the questionnaire proved that the
students were interested in reading literacy and showed that the
Reading Literacy E-Book were effective in helping LINUS students
master reading skills. The findings have proven that this e-book can be
used as a main tool to learn reading literacy for LINUS students who are
experiencing complications in acquiring the reading skills.
Keywords: Electronic Book, reading skills, participation, interest
International Research Innovation, Invention & Solution Exposition (IRIISE 2018)
31
SPEAKING ELECTRONIC STORY BOOK
Jivendra Pandian,
SJKT Ladang Segamat,
Email: [email protected]
ABSTRACT
This research was conducted to overcome the problem of storytelling
skills among students. This study was conducted at a Tamil school in the
district of segamat, located in remote areas. Mastery of Storytelling is an
important skill in language teaching and learning, especially in Tamil.
Storytelling Skills is the basic thing that every student needs to master
one and two level. Student failure in mastering these storytelling skills is
because students can not tell the truth using the right techniques. Data
collection was conducted through Pre-Test, Post Test and questionnaire.
The results of the pre-test data analysis and the questionnaire showed
that students were less familiar with the storytelling skills. With that, a
total of thirteen activities have been conducted to address the problem of
storytelling skills. The findings have proven that the actions taken have
been able to improve storytelling skills.
Keywords: Speaking Electronic Story Book
International Research Innovation, Invention & Solution Exposition (IRIISE 2018)
32
CATEGORY B
Engineering & Technology
International Research Innovation, Invention & Solution Exposition (IRIISE 2018)
33
NITROGEN PLASMA TREATMENT TO
SUPERHYDROPHILIC PROPERTIES OF GLASS COATED BY
POLYSTYRENE AS BUILDING TEMPERATURE REDUCER
BASED WATER EVAPORATOR
Gigih Satriyo Wibowo, Moch. Rizky WIjaya, Muhammad Rikza
Maulana, Masruroh,
Brawijaya University,
Email: [email protected]
ABSTRACT
Non-inverter AC has consumes high power about 400-600 Watt per
hour. High power consumption because heavy workload of AC.
Superhydophilic glass can reduce heavy workload of AC. Wettness
properties of glass can be modify by nitrogen plasma treatment. It say to
be superhydophilic if has low contact angle value of water less than 10o.
Superhydrophilic glass will be used as building glass and use it as a
temperature room reducer based water evaporation. Water will be stick
on glass surface. Water is deposited into building glass will be
evaporating to the environment so there will be heat transfer from room
to environment and temperature inside room will be decrease. Decrease
temperature makes low workload of AC and more efficient energy of
building. 3% of polystyrene solution is deposited to glass surface to form
a thin film. Then it is annealed by oven for 1 hour at 100 degree Celsius.
Glass with thin film of polystyrene was given nitrogen plasma treatment
with pressure, power, and time variations. The result of research is glass
surface with nitrogen plasma treatment of 40 W, pressure is 0,3 torr, and
time of nitrogen plasma treatment is 15 minutes got results contact angle
of water is 6,45 degree.
Keywords: Nitrogen plasma, thin film of polystyrene, glass,
superhydrophilic
International Research Innovation, Invention & Solution Exposition (IRIISE 2018)
34
SMOFIM : SMOKED FISH MACHINE BASED SOLAR CELL
WITH IMPLEMENTATION OF EXHAUST FILTER TO
REDUCE CO, CO2 AND HC EMISSIONS INTEGRATED
ANDROID MOBILE IOT (INTERNET OF THINGS) AS AN
EFFORT TO EFFICIENT AND ECO-FRIENDLY OF FISH
PRESERVING IN YOGYAKARTA
Rizal Justian Setiawan, Mahda Enja Al Hudha, Kristina Kristina, Metria
Subehi,
Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta, Indonesia
Email: [email protected]
ABSTRACT
Parangtritis Beach is an area in Yogyakarta which provides a lot of
fishery resources. Fish is one of animal protein sources which is widely
consumed by society. However, fish is very quickly to decay. Hence,
preservation process is needed. According to FAO, tropical countries
often preserve fish in such an alternative way by using smoking method
to increase the economy of the society. This method has a percentage of
30%, and smoked fish has now become as a special dish (in the society).
The commonly used smoking technology is using non-eco-friendly
curing stoves due to the black and thick smoke output, most people are
still using traditional ways that take a long time. In addition, the
production and efficiency of smoking in fish is also low, making it
extremely difficult to produce high quality smoke fish (Marasabessy
Ismael and Royani DS, 2014). Based on that, fish preservation technology
must be developed with the smoking method is effective and
environmentally friendly. Research methods used in the SMOFIM
manufacture is research and development (R&D). The results of this
research is the SMOFIM (Smoke Fish Machine) that works using
renewable energy from sunlight with the utilization of a solar cell for
energy in the operation of light, electric motor and blower. These
components have Android-based Automatic Control of Internet of
Things (IoT) to simplify the operation. SMOFIM uses a smoke filter by
using a filter from shrimp shell waste to reduce CO2, CO and HC
pollution from smoke of burning result. This innovation is expected to
International Research Innovation, Invention & Solution Exposition (IRIISE 2018)
35
improve the economy of fishermen community by making fish smoking
as a solution of fish preservation that is cheap, effective and
environmentally friendly, as well as development of indigenous cuisine
at Parangtritis beach.
Keywords: Filter, Fish, Internet of Things, Smoking, Solar Cell
International Research Innovation, Invention & Solution Exposition (IRIISE 2018)
36
FASTER FROVER (FAST WRAPPER AND POSITIONING
MARKER FRUIT COVER)
Muhammad Rikza Maulana, Satrio Wiradinata Riady Boer, Adin Okta
Triqadafi, Fikriya Novita Sari, Firda usi,
University Of Brawijaya,
Email: [email protected]
ABSTRACT
Now, fruits are high-prospecting agricultural commodities. This is
because the number of production and market demand continues to
increase. There are many types of fruit that often become market target.
One of them is guava fruit. This is evident from the results of the area of
the harvest is very rapidly increasing. In 2016, the area of guava fruit
harvest in Indonesia reached 26,769 Ha which was originally only 8,864
Ha in 2015 (Badan Pusat Statistik dan Direktorat Jendral Holtikultura,
2017). In the Kampung Inggris of Kediri Indonesia, a group of farmers
led by Mr. Abu Thoyib cultivated guava fruit for commercial purposes.
With a total area of 3,562,5 square meters, they managed to produce
almost 21 tons of fruit every 14 months in 3 times the harvest time from
522 productive trees that bear fruit. However, they always experience a
loss almost 5 tons of fruit every 14 months in 3 times the harvest due to
rotten fruit. Unlike other farmer groups, they wrap the fruit manually
with plastic when the fruit is still 2 weeks old which serves to avoid their
plants from pest attack instead of pesticide use. The average fruit that
can be wrapped by farmers is 1,000 pieces per person per day. This is the
main cause of the number of rotten fruits. This is evident from the
number of fruit attacked by pests causing rotteness before it could be
wrapped by the farmers. In addition, fruit maturity examination is also
considered slow. Not only that, the slow working system causes the
market demand of 5 tons per 3 days during the harvest season can not be
fulfilled. Based on the problems faced by farmers, we offer innovations
based on digital technology called FASTER FROVER (Fast Wrapper and
Positioning Marker Fruit Cover). This tool is intended to facilitate fruit
farmers to wrap the fruit with plastic when it was 2 weeks old. Based on
International Research Innovation, Invention & Solution Exposition (IRIISE 2018)
37
the main objective as a technology innovation wrapping, this tool has a
locking system used to lock the plastic to be strong when applied to the
fruit. In addition to the locking system, this tool is also equipped with
GPS so it can record the time and location of plastic when the farmers do
the wrapping so that it is useful to facilitate the farmers in the future to
know the maturity and location of the fruit is ready to be harvested
without having to go to the field directly. To that end, the results of the
record will be inputted in the form of data. The data obtained will be
stored in the memory card so that later can be mapped on smartphone
owned by the farmers.
Keywords: Guava, Pesticide, Wrapper
International Research Innovation, Invention & Solution Exposition (IRIISE 2018)
38
DIFODEAF (DICTIONARY FOR DEAF)
Anjas Pramono, Dennis Ievan Hakim, Alif Alamsyah Yudhanto, Jauhar
Bariq Rachmadi, Avisena Abdillah Alwi,
University Of Brawijaya,
Email: [email protected]
ABSTRACT
The existence of difable in our society is need to get an awareness,
remember, the value of difable in some develop country is so high the
example is in Malaysia, Indonesia, India etc. Based on data from
Statistics Indonesia (BPS) in 2014, people with disabilities in Indonesia
almost 3 million people. But, the problem is the majority of society is not
give a respect, and awareness. This is because the education in society
about difable people is very low. The majority of difable is a deaf. The
importance of non-verbal language can share of three functions are the
specific communication meaning, the delivery of messages, and plays an
important role in speech so that it can help the occurrence of effective
communication. Majority of deaf difficult to communicate with normal
people. This is because majority of society is can not use (sign language).
And the impact of this problem is deaf get isolate and have a DIFODEAF
(dictionary for deaf) is a mobile phone application based on android
version. DIFODEAF can help normal people to communicate with deaf.
The results of this application can change the word, sentences, and
characters into image. Beside of that, this application can help normal
people to study about (sign language). DIFODEAF can change english
word to be an illustration picture and user can (practice) and also we
hope with this application the problem of deaf person to communicate
can solved, and we hope DIFODEAF can make society more aware
about the existence of difable.
Keywords: difable, application, sign language, communicate
International Research Innovation, Invention & Solution Exposition (IRIISE 2018)
39
TELEPRESENCE & CONTROL TECHNOLOGY FOR ROBOTS
Muhammad Ragialla,
Segi University,
Email: [email protected]
ABSTRACT
Telepresence is the use of virtual reality technology to create a sensation
of being present in a remote environment, allowing humans to be
immersed in the remote environment making them see, explore and feel
what is happening. In this paper, a cheap telepresence and control
system is proposed that can be used to control small robots remotely
enabling the user to be the pilot of the robot. This is accomplished
through the use of inertia measurement unit (IMU) attached to a head-
mounted display. The head motion patterns are processed by a
microcontroller and transferred to the robot where a stereo camera
mounted onto a gimbal will replicate the users head movements in real
time. The gimbal will be able to move with two degrees of freedom- the
roll and the yaw. The resulting stereo video will be transmitted to the
head-mounted display (HMD). To provide for a more immersive
experience, the system is equipped with a data glove that a user can put
on and control the motion of the robot with his/her hand gesture. The
system would enable the user to move a robot remotely using natural
hand movements, which could be tracked by the data glove and
translated into up to six degrees of freedom commands that would then
be sent to the remote robot. This would facilitate operation when
compared to commercially available controller methods, as it would
immerse the user in the robot’s environment. Secondary means of
controlling a robot, e.g. game controller or steering wheel, are also
provided for the user to toggle to if need be. The end result of this
project is to develop a system that can be easily implemented onto
moving robots, wheeled robots (robot cars), flying robots (drones) etc.
and enable the user to be both present in the robot’s environment and
interact with it easily and conveniently without physically being in it.
Keywords: Telepresence Robot Data Glove Head-mounted Display
Control Gimba
International Research Innovation, Invention & Solution Exposition (IRIISE 2018)
40
IN-MINDED (INTEGRATED MACHINE FAST
FERMENTATION OF LEMNA MINOR SP. AS HIGH-
PROTEIN FEED)
Daman Budi Priyanto, Hermin, Muhamad Ainul Yaqin, Shifaaun
Najihah, Lina Nur Faizah,
University of Brawijaya,
Email: [email protected]
ABSTRACT
Fish is an easy source of animal protein and its cultivation has spread
throughout the region. The type of fish that is farmed a lot is catfish,
because the market demand never goes down. Catfish is a fish that is
easy to be cultivated. However, there are some obstacles experienced by
catfish breeders in the cultivation of catfish, such as catfish requires a lot
of food, expensive feed costs, there is no alternative food that has
balanced nutrition, making alternative feed that takes a long time.
Lemna minor is a local species that is high in protein and good for fish
growth. This plant has been known by the community as an addition to
animal feed, but its utilization is still very minimal. Based on the results
of the study, protein levels in the minor Lemna will increase if it has
been fermented. But the catfish breeders do the conventional
fermentation and takes 2x24 hours to get maximum results. Therefore,
we offer a creative technology called IN-MINDED (Integrated Mechine
Fast Fermentation of Lemna minor sp. As High Protein Feed). This tool
is a specially designed bioreactor to provide optimum conditions in
Lemna minor sp fermentation. using the principle of Continous Culture.
IN-MINDED is a fish feeding tool that has been integrated with
temperature control system and pH sensor, so it can provide optimum
temperature in the fermentation process so that it can shorten the
fermentation time to only 8 hours. Besides being used to ferment Lemna
minor sp. , IN-MINDED can be used to ferment anything that requires
optimum temperature and anaerobic state.
Keywords: bioreactor, fermentation, catfish, Lemna minor sp., protein
International Research Innovation, Invention & Solution Exposition (IRIISE 2018)
41
PREDICTING THE STOCK PRICES IN BURSA MALAYSIA
USING SENTIMENT ANALYSIS OF CROWDSOURCED
DATA
Hor Weng Liang, Goh Wei Xiang, Nor Musfirah binti Damla,
University of Malaya
Email: [email protected]
ABSTRACT
This study presents the development of a system for predicting stock
prices in Bursa Malaysia to guide traders in making a good decision in
trading during the dividend announcement period. Big data analysis is
conducted in this study by creating a crowdsourcing module that
gathers news and announcements from the traders. This pool of
crowdsourced data is fully utilised in machine-learning method to learn
and cover more issues found in the news and announcements media.
Examples of news, announcements and trading issues include: change in
the members of Board of Directors, dividend announcement, political
factors, and global socio-economic factors. This system is also aimed at
notifying stock traders on the predicted stock price that is calculated
based on the sentiment score determined by the crowdsourcing module
of the system. There are three main modules in this system –
crowdsourcing, sentiment analysis, and machine-learning modules. The
crowdsourcing module focuses on textual information and reviews
during the dividend period. Textual information such as official
announcements from a public listed company, stock news in the digital
media and analyses by stock experts are crowdsourced by crowd
workers and posted in the system. To acquire vast amount of
crowdsourced data to ensure higher accuracy, the incentives and
gamification method is used to entice crowd workers to obtain data
points needed in this study. These include the news, announcements
and stock analyses by the stock experts. The “Bag of Words (BOW)”
model is used to perform sentiment analysis and it focuses on English
words only, and makes no attempt to actually understand the structure
of the language. The main datasets used in the machine-learning module
are the sentiment scores and textual information datasets. The stock
International Research Innovation, Invention & Solution Exposition (IRIISE 2018)
42
market dataset consists of the stock prices of listed companies in the oil
and gas sector for the period from January 2007 to January 2017, which
includes information on the day stamp, stock prices and volume of
stocks sold on each day. The average of the total sentiment scores is
calculated should there be more than one sentiment scores in a day. On
the other hand, if there is no sentiment score on a particular day, the
sentiment score will be estimated using historical data. The techniques
used in estimating the scores include artificial neural network and time
series. The datasets are normalised using a set of formulas, and then sent
to a Recurrent Neural Network (RNN) model for training and fine-
tuning using Reinforcement Learning. TensorFlow – a suitable choice for
RNN – is used to predict the stock market prices that can specify
mathematical operations as elements in a graph of data, variables and
operators. The results show that company news and announcements
have significant effect on the stock prices of the oil and gas companies as
the prices move broader than the range of 0-1%, which is the benchmark
of the normal range of daily price movement.
Keywords: Stock, Sentiment analysis, Bursa Malaysia, Machine
Learning, Dividend
International Research Innovation, Invention & Solution Exposition (IRIISE 2018)
43
DISASTER DETECTION SYSTEM OF FOREST FIRE AND
LANDSLIDES (DEESFOLA) BASED ON ANDROID AS AN
EFFORT TO MINIMIZE THE IMPACT AND CASUALTIES
OF DISASTER
Rizka Sisna Riyanti, Bagas Priyo Hadi Wibowo,
Brawijaya University,
Email: [email protected]
ABSTRACT
National Board for Disaster Management (BNPB) in Indonesia has
recorded 2.341 disasters that happened in 2017. There were 96 cases of
forest and land fire, 76 cases of flood which were followed by landslide,
and etcetera. A vast expanse of forest surrounds Indonesia and it seems
definite that forest has big risk for many disasters, such as forest
conflagration and landslide. As a country which has tropical climate and
be located in equatorial zone, Indonesia has two seasons. They are dry
season and rainy season. On dry season, there will be rising of
temperature and put many hot spots in an appearance, especially on
peat moss soil which often be flammable. On rainy season, heavy rainfall
often attacks and makes soil humidity in the forest increase faster. If the
humidity is more than 50% in land with slope more than 40% with clay
dominant texture we have to be wary of landslide in that area
(Hardiyatmo, 2012). Landslide was a disaster which carried the highest
illness and death people in 2017 (BNPB, 2017). As an effort to raise
vigilance to the disasters above, we propose an innovation called
DESFOLA (Disaster Detection System of Forest Fire and Landslides).
DESFOLA is a disaster detection system with a radio frequency as
communication media. DESFOLA consists of two parts. They are Sensor
Point and Server Point. Sensor Point will be put in certain points inside
the forest, whereas the Server Part will be put around the forest or in
settlement which has internet networking. The sensor consists of
temperature, gas, and fire sensor to detect the existence of forest fire,
also moisture sensor as landslide detector. All sensors will record and
send the result into server using radio frequency from LORA module
which can extend to tens of kilometer. In order to maximize the work of
system, data dispatch will be carried out point to point, from one sensor
International Research Innovation, Invention & Solution Exposition (IRIISE 2018)
44
system to the others. All data that received by server will be sent into
cloud as central of database through internet. By android application,
condition of forest can be observed and monitored on real-time and
easier. It’s also equipped with alert system. DESFOLA is highly expected
to be appropriate innovative technology, so it can decrease impact and
disaster potential.
Keywords: Forest Fire, Landslides, Android, Cloud
International Research Innovation, Invention & Solution Exposition (IRIISE 2018)
45
SENSOR (SMART ENERGY FROM MILK SORTATION)
Muhammad Syarifuddin,
Brawijaya University,
Email: [email protected]
ABSTRACT
Man needs electrical energy to meet the needs of his life. According to
the Agency for Assessment and Application of Technology (BBPT), PT
PLN has not been able to meet the electricity needs of the Indonesian
people as a whole. The number of people who have not access to
electricity has reached 87.69 million people. Considering that electrical
energy is generally derived from non-renewable fossil energy sources
and a high number of non-renewable energy users induces authors to
explore new, innovative, alternative energy sources that are easy to
obtain. One of the technologies that can be a new alternative energy
source, namely Microbial Fuel Cell. Microbial Fuel Cell (MFCs), is a
technology of electrical energy by utilizing natural bacterial interactions.
SENSOR is an electrical energy generating device that utilizes electron
and proton activity by bacteria on MFCs technology from milk waste
sorting as substrate by combining digital technology in its operation.
This authors use descriptive method with qualitative approach with
primary and secondary data retrieval. Sorting milk that is input into
chamber and then added oxidator will generate voltage, voltage
generated from MFCs is DC voltage then diinveter with DC specification
12 V to AC 220 V 500 W which have 95% efficiency level of voltage so as
to produce electrical energy. The android digital application system can
control the temperature, voltage and there are buttons on and off
digitally. In this application, later also developed in the form of
interfaces or graphics so that users can more easily in using it. So with
the existence of SENSOR can be a solution of electrical energy in an area
that has a lot of milk sortasi but still weak in its energy source, such as in
District of Pacet, Mojokerto.
Keywords: Andorid Applications, Microbial Fuel Cell (MFCs), Sorting
Milk
International Research Innovation, Invention & Solution Exposition (IRIISE 2018)
46
CATEGORY B
Life Sciences & Medicine
International Research Innovation, Invention & Solution Exposition (IRIISE 2018)
47
BIO-ACO (BIOSPRAYER AGERATUM CONYZOIDES) : AN
INNOVATION OF HERBAL ANTISEPTIC FROM
‘BANDOTAN’ LEAF AS SOLUTION TO WOUND HEALING
ON THE SKIN
Hanafiah Ali, Ghani Arrasid, Mutiara Annisa Widodo, Fajar Meirani,
Assabiq Yudhy Avanda,
Yogyakarta State University
Email: [email protected]
ABSTRACT
Incidence rates of injuries are increasing every year, both acute and
chronic wounds. A recent study in the United States shows the
prevalence of patients with injuries is 3.50 per 1000 population. Based on
Riskesdas Data (2013), the proportion of injuries or kinds of trauma
injuries in Indonesia is dominated by scratching/ bruising of 70.9%,
sprains (27.5%) and tear wounds (23.2%). Treatment of wounds
especially those infected with synthetic drugs has evolved and many
discoveries of various chemicals as antibacterial. Treatment with natural
herbs attracts the attention of experts in the medical field as an
alternative supplementary which is more potential, cheaper, safer,
smallside effects relatively, and guaranteed availability. One of the
supplements used is the utilization of plant natural ingredients, namely
bandotan leaf (Ageratum conyzoides) which contains compoundsof
tannin, flavonoid and saponin as antibacterial compounds (Prawira,
2013). Thus, a new innovation is present in processing this bandotan leaf
in the form of herbal sprayer. The purpose of this study is to determine
the analysis of Antiseptic Bio-Sprayer Ageratum conyzoides becomes a
natural antiseptic product without side effects and know the process of
marketing products to get more profit for sustainability business. The
usability of this product is able to overcome minor injuries to the skin,
pain on the skin, as an antiseptic, anti-inflammatory, and overcome the
itches caused by insect bites.
Keywords: herbal sprayer, bandotan leaf, wound
International Research Innovation, Invention & Solution Exposition (IRIISE 2018)
48
PEEL OFF MASK BASED ETHOSOME GRAPESEED OIL
(VITIS VINIFERA) AND ORANGE PEEL EXTRACT (CITRUS
SINENSIS) AS ANTI-AGING AND WHITENING
Diana Aulia Rahmawati, Dio Giovanni & LSIM,
Brawijaya University,
Email: [email protected]
ABSTRACT
The tropical country with high-intensity radiance can affect much of skin
problems such as premature aging and hyperpigmentation. Premature
aging and hyperpigmentation can be solved using peel off mask based
on 10% grape seed essential and 255.10 μg/ ml orange peels. Those active
ingredients will be formulated to nano size particle used by sonication
method. Based on the literature, essential oil of grape seed has
antioxidative properties such as galat acid, catechins, epicatechins, and E
vitamin. Antioxidant properties also used to maintain collagen and
elastin concentration. Orange peels extraction used as whitening because
it has whitening compound as tyrosinase inhibitor so the production of
melanin is halted. Flavonoid compound in orange peels extraction such
as nobiletin, naringin, and neohespiridin identified as the tyrosinase
inhibitor. Based on the literature, 255,10 μg/ ml of lemon peels extract
yield 50% of the inhibitory activity of tyrosinase enzyme. So peel off
mask based on grapeseed oil and orange peel extraction, potentially
used as anti-aging and whitening.
Keywords: Grapeseed oil, Orange Peel Extract, Anti-aging, Whitening,
Nano peel off mask.
International Research Innovation, Invention & Solution Exposition (IRIISE 2018)
49
TBA (TRICHO-BACTERIA AGENTS) BIOLOGICAL
FERTILIZER TECHNOLOGY WITH THE UTILIZATION OF
TOFU LIQUID WASTE AS AN EFFORT TO REALIZE THE
FOOD SECURITY (CASE STUDY IN NGIJO,
KARANGPLOSO, MALANG)
Alwan Afif Fadhillah, Yaman Udayef Nasution, Afier Jinda Tamimi,
Nurul Ariani,
Brawijaya University,
Email: [email protected]
ABSTRACT
The implementation of biological fertilizer is according to farmer
necessity, stakeholder to increase crop production and suppress disease
that cause economic losses and can be solution for revegetation of
former mining land. Therefore, to know specifically of land problem,
then this knowledge can be used as reference to run the industry in
accordance with these conditions. TBA (Tricho-Bacteria Agent) is a bio-
fertilizer technology based on Trichoderma sp. and beneficial bacteria,
this technology can provide benefits with effective and efficient practical
applications for plants cultivation and land reclamation programs at
affordable prices. Thus, TBA products can give optimal benefits for all
parties. The general target of this program is to produce and sell TBA as
well as provide high profit for stakeholders. Meanwhile, for our special
target is to obtain the legality of fertilizer production and use operation,
create scientific articles and get TBA patents. Tofu liquid waste which
has a high content of organic material can be the basis of making
biological fertilizer. The content of organic matter is up to 40-60%
protein, 25-50% carbohydrate, and 10% fat. This content can be utilized
as a medium for beneficial microorganism development. Therefore, the
authors try to add value to these waste by way of processing it into high
value bio-fertilizer. The way of making this bio-fertilizer is starts from
getting the tofu liquid waste from result of tofu factory process in
Takeran, Ngijo village, Malang. This liquid waste, which initially by the
factory is directly discharged into the river without processing or
utilization, will be directly channeled to reservoirs that has been
prepared as a liquid waste place. This liquid waste will pass through 2
International Research Innovation, Invention & Solution Exposition (IRIISE 2018)
50
stages of the filter before it is used as a breeding media of biological
agents. There are two reservoirs laid around the liquid waste disposal
pipes, the first reservoir is use for temporary shelter. The second
reservoir is a modified tank that use for fermentation (biodegradation of
biological agents). After that, tofu liquid waste will enter into the last
tank (reservoir) that use as a fermentation space of biological fertilizer
breeding. The last step, is addition of several isolates of biological
fertilizer into the second modified tank, this isolate biological fertilizer
mixed with tofu liquid waste with a ratio of 1:1 and molasses with a
ratio of 50:50 to obtain a consortium solvent of biological agents. Then,
the consortium solvent of biological agent is stand for at least 3-5 days
until the solvent is turbid and release bubbles, after that the solvent is
stirred. Bio-fertilizer from waste processing can also be functioned to
maintain the environment, especially to control the condition of soil,
control pests and diseases that attack crops. This potential is supported
by the location of the area that located in the agricultural area that
require sustainable biological fertilizer. In addition, this biological
fertilizer can also be used as a superior product sociopreneur-based to
improve public welfare.
Keywords: Tofu Liquid Waste, Biological Agent, Bio-fertilizer
International Research Innovation, Invention & Solution Exposition (IRIISE 2018)
51
MOCO (MORINGA FEAT COFFEE CHERRIES):
HERBADRINK MEDICINE FOR FREE RADICAL
PREVENTION AND INCREASING HUMAN HEALTH
Lefi Unsiyyati, Rizki Sofia Febriana, Amarullah Naufal, Ishlahul Munir,
Alfi Inayati,
Brawijaya University,
Email: [email protected]
ABSTRACT
In general, traditional medicine that made from natural ingredients
(herb) is only used as a family medicine. Although the benefits of these
natural ingredients are high enough to improve health, not many people
applied them. This is due to low interest in taking traditional medicine
that seems impractical and has a bitter taste. People prefer to consume
chemical drugs that seems more practice (instant) and its easy to find
them too. Negatively, consume chemical drugs has bad side effects for
the body in the long term. Based on the problems, it takes a solution for
improving nutrition and human health through natural ingredients that
available in Indonesia and practice to consume. Indonesia has many
herbal plants as natural ingredients that play a role in improving public
health. One of the herbs that rich of benefits is Kelor (Moringa oleifera).
Moringa leaves are rich in nutrients, including calcium, iron, protein,
vitamin A, vitamin B, and vitamin C. In addition, Moringa leaves also
contain phytochemical substances such as tannins, steroids,
triterpenoids, flavonoids, saponins, anthraquinones and alkaloids that
can used as an antibiotic drug, anti-inflammatory, detoxification and
antibacterial (Ola, 2017). In other condition, Indonesia is also a big coffee
producer. However, the utilization of coffee plants is still not maximal.
Most people only use the coffee beans to be beverage and throw the
coffee cherries or coffee bean shells. In fact, coffee cherries that often
regarded as waste has benefits and antioxidant content that is good for
health, one of which is the prevention of free radicals. Seeing these
conditions, the author initiated an idea in making a nutritious and
healthy beverage that liked by kids to adults. This baverage is a brewed
beverage made from moringa leaves and coffee cherries that allready
dried, made in ready-to-brewed packaging, so it is practical to serve. The
existence of a combination of natural ingredients such as moringa leaves
International Research Innovation, Invention & Solution Exposition (IRIISE 2018)
52
and cherries of coffee that formulated will add flavor without
eliminating the benefits.
Keywords: Kelor, Coffee Cherries, Herbadrink, Medicine, Health
International Research Innovation, Invention & Solution Exposition (IRIISE 2018)
53
NANO ZEOCID (NANO ZEOLITE AND ASCORBIC ACID
ACTIVE PAD): AN INOVATION OF ETHYLENE ABSORBER
AND OXYGEN SCAVANGER IN ORDER TO PROLONG
THE SHELF LIFE OF BANANA (MUSA PARADISIACA) BY
USING NANOFICATION METHOD
Siti Fatimah Kumala Dewi, Linda Novitasari, Anjastari Nur Aisyah,
Brawijaya University,
Email: [email protected]
ABSTRACT
Banana (Musa paradisiaca) is one of the horticultural commodities that
has a climacteric nature where metabolism activities are still in progress
despite being harvested. One of the metabolic activities is respiration,
that affects the fruit ripening process and increases the production of
ethylene compounds. As a result, the shelf life of bananas become lower
compared to other fruits commodities, which is only 6-8 days of shelf
life. Therefore, post-harvest research technology is needed as a solution
to prolong shelf life of bananas by combining zeolite and ascorbic acid as
an ethylene absorbent and oxygen scavenger using nanotechnology
method. Zeolites have the properties to bind ethylene compounds.
Meanwhile on ascorbic acid, oxygen is used to oxidize L-ascorbic acid so
that the presence of O2 will decrease, as a result respiration process will
also decrease. The use of nanotechnology methods is to minimize the
particle size and expand the contact area with ethylene and oxygen
compounds, and able to maximize the process. Through a Randomized
Block Design with 3 repetitions, the factors used were zeolite and
ascorbic acid concentrations of 0%, 0.3% and 0.6%, respectively.
Observations include color parameters by color reader, appearance,
starch content, texture by tensile strength, also SEM and PSA testing to
determine the surface shape and particle size of "Nano-Zeocid". The
results showed the best formulation are zeolite and ascorbic acid
concentrations 0.6% by weight of banana respectively and can maintain
up to 18 days with 7.8 Newton of texture value. Based on absorption test
results, the absorption value of "Nano-Zeocid" was 315,0292 mg / g. The
particle size of Nano-zeocid was averaged less than 100 nm.
International Research Innovation, Invention & Solution Exposition (IRIISE 2018)
54
Keywords: Ascorbic Acid, Banana, Nano Zeocid, Nanotechnology,
Zeolite
International Research Innovation, Invention & Solution Exposition (IRIISE 2018)
55
JUS BUNAKEN (JUS BUAH NAGA KEMOPREVENTIF):
IMPROVEMENT OF KEMOPREVENTIF DRAGON FRUIT
JUICES (Hylocereus polyrhizus) USING ENZYME PROTEASE
RESULTS FROM PAPAYA FRUIT
Adi Febrianto, Faulia Zahro Alifiana, Amila Safira Putri, Ajeng Mareta
Astiyani, Femi Tasani,
Brawijaya University,
Email: [email protected]
ABSTRACT
In the handling of cancer required a breakthrough to treat it. Therapy
using chemo preventive agent i.e. compounds that can inhibit and
pressing process of carcinogenesis in human beings so that the growth of
cancer can be prevented. One of the compounds that are able to inhibit
the process of carcinogenesis either in vitro or in vivo the compounds
are flavonoids. Dragon fruit or dragon fruit is one of the tropical fruits
containing levels of flavonoids. On Dragon fruit antioxidant levels of
flavanoid and can be improved by using an enzyme that is the enzyme
protease. These enzymes can be obtained from the results of isolation of
the fruit of the papaya. As for the methods that do it namely combining
the results of isolation of the papaya enzyme has varied simply applied
with Dragon fruit juice. That combination is a enzimatis reaction that
will result in high levels of flavonoids. Juice mixing results will be tested
by LC-MS and DPPH. By increasing the levels of flavonoids in fruit
juices is expected to become effective on chemopreventive agent for one
of the treatment of the disease cancer.
Keywords: chemopreventive, dragon fruit, enzyme protease
International Research Innovation, Invention & Solution Exposition (IRIISE 2018)
56
TASIK (TANSAH RESIK): BUSINESS INNOVATION WET
WIPES WITH USE OF KERSEN LEAF (MUNTINGIA
CALIBRA) AND PIPER BETLE (PIPER BETLE) EXTRACT AS
NATURAL ANTIBACTERY
Eki Argiansyah, Nurlinda Rifqia Zuharoh, Putri Damayanti Widodo,
Ghufron Wahyu Priyo Cahyono,
Brawijaya University,
Email: [email protected]
ABSTRACT
Along with technological advances have been found a practical and
effective technology without using soap and water, namely wet wipes.
Wet wipes have the utility to clean the dirty parts of body when pressed
like on the way. Kleenex is a product with high consumption level in
household life. Increasing community mobility is also a contributing
factor to the consumption of wet wipes. The practicality of hygiene
offered during mobility is main motive for consumers to purchase this
product. However, wet wipes currently on the market contain lots of
synthetic chemicals such as methylisothiazolinone (MI) which can cause
irritation and other synthetic chemicals. So it takes wet wipes product
with the content of natural ingredients that are safe for human body.
TASIK (Tansah Resik) is a wet wipes product made from betel leaf and
kersen leaf to be the solution of need natural wet wipes safe for human.
Kersen leaf and kersen leaf contain organic chemicals and non-sticky
and will not cause harmful effects on human skin. With the presence of
this product on market is expected to be a trendsetter natural wet wipes
products that are safe for humans and the price can be reached by
community.
Keywords: Natural, TASIK (Tansah Resik), Wet Wipes
International Research Innovation, Invention & Solution Exposition (IRIISE 2018)
57
PIONIT (PURIFIER USED COOKING OIL TREATMENT)
INNOVATION AND UTILIZATION OF MORINGA SEEDS
AND BANANA PEELS IN HEALTHY HOUSEHOLDS
Lefi Unsiyyati, Alfi Inayati, Maulida Mardhatillah, Andreas Lorenzo,
Raphael Pardede, Ermando Mahendra Krisna,
Brawijaya University,
Email: [email protected]
ABSTRACT
Cooking oil is a basic need that has become a dependency for Indonesian
people. According to the Central of Indonesia Statistics (2016), Susenas
data for the first Quarter of 2013 and Quarter I 2014, the average per
week consumption of cooking oil per capita in 2013 is 0.197 liters/week
and in 2014 increased to 0.205 liters/week. Where the data does not
include consumption outside the household such as restaurants /
restaurants, hotel consumption, catering, institutions. Cooking oil is
widely used as a food fryer medium that serves to deliver heat, adds
taste and calories in food. The habit that people often do is use cooking
oil that has been used repeatedly. Utilization of cooking oil both in
industries and households used repeatedly, producing used oil or so-
called used cooking oil or waste cooking oil that containing high fatty
acids. The use of fry cooking oil, often based on the reason to save
money. In fact, the security of oil for health becomes an issue of the use
of cooking oil. Waste oil used for frying food can form free radicals due
to product degradation, which causes changes in organs such as weight
gain of liver and kidney organs and the emergence of various diseases
such as cancer, obesity, and hypertension (Rukmini, 2007). Since
processing, the process of oil damage lasts until it is ready to be
consumed, where it causes the affected quality and nutritional value of
the food during the frying process. The damaged oil will damage the
vitamins and essential fatty acids contained in the oil of the ingredients,
resulting in less attractive appearance and unpleasant taste (Ketaren,
2008). The greater free fatty acids, the lower the quality of the cooking oil
and the greater use of active charcoal ratios can decrease by 10% (Nasir
et al., 2014). Therefore, through the International Society of Innovation
Methods, we proposed a system called PIONit (Portable Purifier Used
International Research Innovation, Invention & Solution Exposition (IRIISE 2018)
58
Cooking Oil Treatment) (Purifier Used Cooking Oil Treatment)
Innovation in the Utilization of Moringa Seeds and Banana Peels in
Healthy Households. PIONit is a tool that combines several ingredients
that are arranged in stages, which can reduce free fatty acids and
peroxide numbers in cooking oil. So, PIONit-it is expected to improve
the quality of cooking oil as an economical and healthy household
solution.
Keywords: Used Cooking Oil, Moringa Seeds, Banana Peels, Healthy
International Research Innovation, Invention & Solution Exposition (IRIISE 2018)
59
CHITO-PACK: MODIFIED PERIODONTAL DRESSING
WITH HEAD-SHRIMP WASTE (LITOPENAEUS
VANNAMEI) CHITOSAN AS WOUND HEALING
ACCELERATOR
Dewiayu Dewang, Fikha Dwisari, Mutiaranisa Safitri, Yunita Feby
Ramadhany, Paramita Koriston,
Hasanuddin University
Email: [email protected]
ABSTRACT
Background: Periodontal disease is the second most common oral
disease in Indonesia with the prevalenceof 95,58%. One of periodontal
treatments is periodontal surgery with periodontal dressing as
mechanical protection in post-surgical treatment. Generally, periodontal
dressings only assist healing proccess by protecting the tissue rather
than providing healing factor and have no currative properties. Chitosan
is a natural amino-polysaccharide found in the waste of shrimp
exoskeleton, which has high potential in wound healing. Periodontal
dressing modification with chitosan could be an innovation in
accelerating wound healing after periodontal surgery. Objective: To
determine the histological (PMN, and fibroblast) wound healing
enhancement on post-periodontal surgical wounds. Method:This study
was an experimental laboratories, with the post-test only control group
design. The subjects of this study were 24 rabbits which were divided
into experimental group with the addition of chitosan and control group
without chitosan. A curettage periodontal surgery was performed on the
rabbit’s gingiva; then histological observation were being carried out on
day 3, 5 and 7. Results: In histologic observation, the experimental group
experienced a significant enhancement (P= 0,030) compared with the
control group (PMN: P= 0.061 and fibroblasts: P= 0,368) based on
nonparametric independent test. There was a significant difference
between experimental group and control group on 3rd day on PMN
observation (P= 0,040) as well as 5th day and 7th on fibroblast
observation (P= 0,049 and P= 0,046) based on nonparametric paired test.
Conclusion: Chito-pack modified periodontal dressing with the addition
International Research Innovation, Invention & Solution Exposition (IRIISE 2018)
60
of chitosan from head-shrimp waste (Litopenaus vannamei) can
accelerateafter periodontal surgery.
Keywords: Chitosan, Litopenaeus vannamei, Periodontal Surgery,
Periodontal Dressing, Histologic Observation
International Research Innovation, Invention & Solution Exposition (IRIISE 2018)
61
QUALIFIED GENOTYPE 1 CAYENNE PEPPER (CAPSICUM
FRUTESCENS L.) EMS MUTANT PLANT ON PUNGENCY
ASPECTS
Ginting Dwi Setiawan, Wahyuningyan Arini, Nur Rahmattullah,
Mukhaddam Muhammad, Surani Ulfa,
Brawijaya University,
Email: [email protected]
ABSTRACT
Cayenne pepper has various benefits that increase the needs of cayenne
pepper in the community. Establishment of superior varieties of cayenne
pepper have been done by mutation induction using Ethyl
Methanesulfonate (EMS). Genotype 1 (G1) pepper is cayenne pepper
heredited from local line Indonesia with the brand name of Cakra Hijau.
The purpose of this study was to analyze the quality of capsaicin content
that is responsible for pungency traits on G1 cayenne pepper mutant.
The extraction of capsaicin was performed on immature fruits of G1
cayenne pepper mutant. The placenta and pericarp of pepper were
separated from the seeds, then weighed 0.5 g and dissolved in 5 ml of
absolute ethanol. The filtrate absorbance was measured using
spectrophotometer with 280 nm wavelength. The absorbance value of
the sample is substituted on the standard capsaicin curve equation to
determine the sample capsaicin concentration. The G1 mutant plants
have capsaicin contents ranged from 5-8 mg/g F.W. Most of G1 mutant
plants have higher value of capsaicin content than G1 control and
Capsicum annuum cv. Himo. The G1 plants induced by EMS are
suspected of having mutations. The mutations are suspected to be the
cause of its highly capsaicin content. Mutations can cause the change the
enzymatic state of the plant, so a character change of a species may
occur.
Keywords: capsaicin, carotenoids, cayenne pepper, mutant
International Research Innovation, Invention & Solution Exposition (IRIISE 2018)
62
BI MY HONEY!: BIDARA LEAFS GUMNY CANDY MADE
WITH HONEY TO PREVENTING DIABETIC AND FREE
RADICAL
Rizki Sofia Febriana, Mutiara Ramadhanty, Mohamad Amin Mumtaz,
Ardiana Wijayanti, Lintang Dima Ramadhani,
Brawijaya University,
Email: [email protected]
ABSTRACT
Gummy Candy is a famous product in the world. It has chewy texture, a
sweet taste, and colorful looks. However, the sugar that contain in
gummy candy has a bad effect, such as dental health disorder. The
ingredients need to be modify to reduce the bad effects of gummy
Candy and increase it benefits, such as replacing the sugar and the dye
by natural ingredients. Natural ingredient has a good impact and also
many natural materials available in Indonesia. Indonesia has a variety of
herbs that even grow wild, one of which is Bidara or Ziziphus
mauritiana. Leaf from bidara plant is good for health. It can be used for
preventing diabetic and free radical. Beside that, indonesia also has a
large forest where there are honey-producing bee lives. Honey contains
a lot of mineral such as sodium, calcium, magnesium, aluminum, iron,
phosphorus, and potassium as well as some vitamins such as vitamin B,
C, and K (Wulandari, 2017). Based on the conditions behind, the author
initiated an idea to make healthy food in the form of gummy candy. The
gummy candies that made from bidara leaves and honey can adding
more benefit without reducing the appeal and the taste of gummy candy
itself.
Keywords: Bidara, Honey, Health, Candy
International Research Innovation, Invention & Solution Exposition (IRIISE 2018)
63
M-NAFER (MUSHROOM FLAVOUR ENHANCER) : THE
UTILIZATION OF OYSTER MUSHRROM STEW
WASTEWATER AS ALTERNATIVE ORGANIC FLAVOUR
ENHANCER BY USING EMD (ELECTRIC MIXER-DRYER
TECHNOLOGY)
Linda Novitasari, Sisca Ikke Wulandari, Wahyu Wulantiasari, Tri Lestari
Ning Tias
Brawijaya University,
Email: [email protected]
ABSTRACT
Flavour enhancer is one of food additives that widely used by people.
Types of flavour that often circulate in the market is MSG. MSG
(Monosodium glutamate) is known to provide negative effects for
consumers, especially on health because it can disrupt human
metabolism system. Oyster mushroom wastewater is known to provide
savory taste on food because it has a high glutamic acid content that can
be used as an alternative organic flavoring. Glutamic acid is obtained
from the process of boiling oyster mushrooms which have soluble
properties with a total content of 21.7%. The formulation of production
M-Nafer is oyster mushroom stewed water 10%, 4% salt, 2% seasoning,
and dextrin with ratio (4:3) toward oyster mushroom stewed water. The
M-Nafer production process is performed on EMD (Electric Mixer-
Drying Technology) what specially designed for mixing and drying M-
Nafer by combining technologies of electrical heating and mixer. M-
Nafer testing was through by hedonic test to comparison products with
color, flavor and taste parameters. M-Nafer test results were 3, 3.05 and
3.5 while the comparison products were 3.55, 3, and 3.4. These results
conclude that flavour and odor of M-Nafer able to compete in the
market because have high value than competitor products.
Keywords: EMD, oyster mushroom wastewater, M-Nafer, flavour
enhancer
International Research Innovation, Invention & Solution Exposition (IRIISE 2018)
64
CATEGORY B
Natural Sciences
International Research Innovation, Invention & Solution Exposition (IRIISE 2018)
65
CONTROLLING INDOOR AIR QUALITY IN PRE-
SCHOOLS AND DAY CARE CENTRE
Alyssa Serena Binti Baddrul Hezri and Norhayati Mahyuddin
Department of Building Surveying, Faculty of Built Environment,
University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia and Center for Building,
Construction & Tropical Architecture (BuCTA), Faculty of Built
Environment,
University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
[email protected], [email protected]
Potential exposures to indoor air pollutants and allergens must not only
be considered at homes, but also at day care, schools as well as pre-
schools. In many related studies, researchers found that indoor spaces
such as classroom, play area and nap rooms have the highest indoor
environmental exposures that possess a health risk to children. Children
are most vulnerable to indoor contaminants as they spend as much as
90% of their time indoors. Many studies have also speculated that the
prevalence of childhood asthma in the past few decades is due to change
in indoor environmental exposure such as environmental tobacco smoke
(ETS) and nitrogen dioxide (NO2), use of gas stoves, cleaning agents and
interior building fabrics. Since the ability to modify indoor environment
is more achievable compared to modifying outdoor environment, this
study aims to recommend strategies to improve Indoor Air Quality
(IAQ) in preschools and day care centre in Malaysia. On-site monitoring
on the IAQ condition was carried out with thorough walk through
inspection on the activities and the interior fabrics used. In addition,
parents and guardians’ awareness level regarding IAQ and respiratory
problems were also investigated. It was found that majority of the
physical parameters in the case study had exceeded the Threshold Limit
Value (TLV) due to the improper maintenance of air-conditioning
systems and the positioning of the windows and openings. High
concentrations of VOC were detected in one of the classrooms due to
International Research Innovation, Invention & Solution Exposition (IRIISE 2018)
66
low air movement as well as the interior fabric. Some suggestions were
outlined to ensure the IAQ in pre-school and day care centre can be
controlled in order to prevent the occurrence of respiratory health
symptoms towards the children.
Keyword: Contaminant, Indoor Air Quality, Pre-school, interior fabric.
International Research Innovation, Invention & Solution Exposition (IRIISE 2018)
67
J.TI (JALAN TIKUS) EDUCATIVE GAMES BASED ON LOCI
TECHNIQUES IN THE EFFORT OF REALIZING INDONESIA
SMART MATHEMATICS 2030
Aisah Feriera Awip Damayanti, Dinda Noer Nazillah Ulfah, Winda
Ariyanti, Zidna Nayla Hidayati, Defit Fitri Yuliana,
Brawijaya University,
Email: [email protected]
ABSTRACT
J.Ti (Jalan Tikus) is an educative game product as a means of visualizing
children and makes it easier to understand the geometry formula by
using loci technique. The loci technique is one part of the mnemonic
method of connecting what is already known to new concepts or ideas.
J.Ti (Jalan Tikus) will bring children more easily remember and
understand the formula of building the geometry of some objects.
Examples of geometry used in this game are tailored to objects in
everyday life. J.Ti (Jalan Tikus) becomes one of the solutions in the world
of education to succeed the government program SDGs (Sustainable
Development Goals) 2030 to realize Indonesia Smart Mathematics 2030.
J.Ti (Jalan Tikus) can be made in accordance with the needs both in the
dimension of space and time, so this product will be able to cover the
whole formulas that exist in mathematics and can use technology that
follows the times. The implementation of J.Ti (Jalan Tikus) in 8,
Watumujur 1 St., Malang which is divided into five steps: preparation of
tools and materials, making designs that resemble monopoly, toy
making, product finishing, and packaging. The raw material survey was
conducted by visiting four wooden store places in Malang. Booking raw
materials at 50, Joyo Tamansari I St., Merjosari Malang because the price
offered is cheaper. The selling price of this game product is Rp 50.000,00.
Implementation of activities lasts for five months starting from April to
August 2018. Marketing strategies use offline and online method
through social media, brochures dissemination, socialization with
educational institutions, and competition both national and
international.
Keywords: educative game, SDGs, loci technique, mathematics
International Research Innovation, Invention & Solution Exposition (IRIISE 2018)
68
BIOLIE: BIOETHANOL PRODUCTION FROM GRACILARIA
SP. SEAWEED PROCESSING SOLID WASTE AND WATER
HYACINTH AS A SOLUTION OF ECO-FRIENDLY AND
RENEWABLE ENERGY
Winda Firdayanti, Nada Itorul Umam, Naufal Abiyyu, Marlinda Elvina,
Brawijaya University,
Email: [email protected]
ABSTRACT
The demand for energy is increasing and the availability of fuel is
decreasing , this situation require humans to find a source of renewable
alternative fuels that are environmentally friendly. This is because the
energy used today is largely derived from fossil fuels that have
limitations in terms of availability. Bioethanol is one of alternative fuel
that is considered potential to be developed. However, so far bioethanol
feedstocks compete with food and feed. On the other hand, the
production of biomass of water hyacinth reaches 200 - 300 tons / ha and
the production of Gracilaria sp. seaweed waste of 1,682,545 tons per
year. The content of cellulose polysaccharides in water hyacinth reaches
64.51% and seaweed waste from Gracilaria sp. amounted to 72.17%. So
both sources of biomass when combined as a raw material for making
bioethanol will result the good quality product because of the high
content of cellulose polysaccharides. BIOLIE is prepared by step
preparation of water hyacinth and Gracilaria sp. seaweed waste, the raw
material characterization in the form of siege and sieving with 40 mesh
sieve size, saccharification with acid hydrolysis, preparation of
Saccharomyces ceriviseae culture, fermentation process, fermentation
test, and purification with distillation method. BIOLIE has many
advantages such as high octane value causing fuel mixture to be burned
just in time, harmless exhaust emissions for environment one of CO2 gas
which can be reused by plants for photosynthesis process and low no
emission, and high efficiency compared to gasolin.
Keywords: biethanol, energy, Gracilaria sp., water hyacinth,
renewable energy
International Research Innovation, Invention & Solution Exposition (IRIISE 2018)
69
TRIPILIN (CANDLE OF MULTIFUNGION WASTE DURIAN)
Fatia Azzahhra, Argitha Aricindy, Regita Ananda, Nur Insan Kusniadi,
M. Fadil Hidayat,
Medan State University,
Email: [email protected]
ABSTRACT
Nowadays, recycling activities can be done by utilizing used goods
goods that have even high economic value. In addition to being
produced for marketing, and get income, the utilizition of used goods
can also be used as a learning media and creativity for all people and
create jobs for the community. North Sumatra is the largest producer of
durian in Indonesia. A lot of traders who organize their wares in the
roadside, they are lined to sell the durians and make a rows of them
with varying sizes and prices. The impact of it all is when the volume of
garbage will increase significantly. It is the most troublesome for the
garbage officers and cleaners of the city. The results showed that the
organic waste in Indonesia reaches 60-70 percent of the total volume of
waste generated, so if ignored it can cause environmental pollution, the
emergence of the mosquito vector of disease and decrease the value of
aesthetic / beauty of the city as well as other issues. Waste Durian skin
(Durio zibethinus) has not been utilized by the community, whereas
waste durian skin that is not valuable at first, can be used to be
something useful. The purpose of this research is to get essential oil of
durian leather waste and formulated into aromatic wax as mosquito
repellent and for relaxation as creative innovation of durian skin waste
utilization. Durian skin contains essential oils, flavonoids, saponins,
cellulose elements, lignin, and starch content. The content in the durian
skin has a very stinging smell and is not favored by mosquitoes, because
the effect of these ingredients can affect the mosquitoes nerve and it can
make the mosquitoes become unstable and eventually die
(Oktavianingrum, et al., 2007). The beginning stage of manufacture is
durian peel extract to produce the essential oils contained in the skin of
durian. The resulting oil as the main ingredient of making anti-mosquito
products aromatherapy candle. Aromatherapy itself has a calm nature
and also has a refreshing aroma. Tripilin is made by using printing
International Research Innovation, Invention & Solution Exposition (IRIISE 2018)
70
techniques with stearin, paraffin and essential oil extracts from durian
skin. In order to get a candle with a long burn time, which is 10 hours 47
minutes, used the composition of 89% stearin, paraffin 9%, and durian
peel extract 2%. To make the candle wick in order to produce a good and
not a lot of smoke then the axis should be soaked in salt water for 3
hours and then dried.
Keywords: Anti-mosquito, Candle, Durian Waste, Multifunction,
Recycling
International Research Innovation, Invention & Solution Exposition (IRIISE 2018)
71
CATEGORY B
Social Sciences & Management
International Research Innovation, Invention & Solution Exposition (IRIISE 2018)
72
SOCCER-CHEM
S. M. Shahrul Nizan Shikh Zahari, Lailatun Nazirah Ozair, Nur Fateha
Mohd Said, Nurul Syahida Mohd Hazizi, Nur Alyaa Zulkafli,
Universiti Sains Islam Malaysia,
Email: [email protected]
ABSTRACT
SOCCER-CHEM is a table-top game that has been developed for
students seeking for an exciting and thrilling way of learning chemistry.
It implements the same concept as in a typical soccer match with
integrating trivial questions of various difficulty levels on chemistry.
Each single match is played by two teams, and each team consists of
eleven players represented by specially-designed pawns. To score
points, the player, whose the team wins at rock-paper-scissor, must first
answer a question from shuffled cards correctly within a specific time.
Only then can the player be permitted to move the ball into the
opponent team’s goal area by tapping the pawn down with a finger. The
team which scores the maximum goals at the end of a given period wins
the match. It is hoped that this exciting game can be a good tool to
increase students’ interest in learning chemistry.
Keywords: education, soccer chemistry
International Research Innovation, Invention & Solution Exposition (IRIISE 2018)
73
EXIT AND RE-ENTRY STRATEGIES FOR INTERNATIONAL
CONSTRUCTION INDUSTRY
Ooi Ying Yee, Loo Siaw Chuing,
Universiti of Malaya,
Email: [email protected]
ABSTRACT
With the globalization of the world economy, today's construction
industry is fast becoming an internationally interdependent
marketplace. This research explores exit and re-entry strategies of
construction players in the international market, which helps the
international contractors to manage both their domestic and
international construction business for firms' sustainable growth. There
are various exit and re-entry strategies. Selling-off firm, closing down
the firm, transferring of resources and selling-off the shares are the
variables for exit strategies whereas re-entry strategies are referring to
entry strategies which are acquisition, joint venture, branch office and
strategic alliances. The research method used is a qualitative method,
face-to-face interviews were conducted among international contractors
with international construction experience. The data collected from the
interview sessions were analysed using content analysis. The analysis
outcome was further used to develop the International Construction
Market Exit/Re-entry Strategy (ICME/RS) Model. This study hopes to
reveal the exit and re-entry strategies that are significant towards
international construction firms' survival and growth abroad and to
enhance the existing knowledge on international construction entry
modes. Contractors may use the ICME/RS model developed to strategise
their firm's business growth locally and internationally.
Keywords: Exit Modes, Re-Entry Modes, International Construction,
Sustainable Growth
International Research Innovation, Invention & Solution Exposition (IRIISE 2018)
74
AR ANIMALES APPLICATION
Nurul Zakiah Binti Kasnun, Amirah Mardhiah Binti Muhammad Kamal,
Nur Afiqah Farina Binti Jais, Nur Afiqah Syaza Binti Fazil,
Politeknik Sultan Idris Shah,
Email: [email protected]
ABSTRACT
The AR Animales Application is an augmented reality application that
shows the animals in 3D by using the Android platform. This
application works when it scans the animals in the provided AR
Animales book. The application will displays the animals that contain in
the book such as rabbit, tiger, cat and many more. It shows the certain
animals that includes in Dunia Sains dan Teknologi subject for Standard
3. The purpose of the application is to help the students easy to
memorize the information in the textbook. The Agile Scrum
methodology is used in the development of this application. The
application will make it short and simple for describing the animals for
students to memorize and understand well in an interesting way.
Moreover, this application can solve the problem faced in term of
arrangement information in the textbook. The arrangement of the
animals information in the textbook are cluttered and it is quite not
suitable for the students. The arrangement of information is difficult to
be understood and memorized. This application will displays the
animals with their information using multimedia elements such as
display animals in 3D form, sound of the animals and the simple text of
animals description according to the characteristics, eating behavior and
habitat. Furthermore, there are lacks of exercises in the textbook of
Dunia Sains dan Teknologi for Standard 3; thus, AR Animales
Application provides simple quizzes for students to attempt the quizzes
in interesting ways. In conclusion, the AR Animales Application is very
useful and helpful to the user especially to the teacher and students to
implement teaching and learning process efficiently.
Keywords: Augmented Reality Application, Dunia Sains dan
Teknologi, Agile Scrum
International Research Innovation, Invention & Solution Exposition (IRIISE 2018)
75
LEVERAGING VIRTUAL REALITY FRAMEWORK FOR
CLASH DETECTION IN IMPROVING ESTIMATION
ACCURACY
Heng Ji Yong, Nurshuhada Zainon,
University of Malaya,
Email: [email protected]
ABSTRACT
Clash detection process is a crucial part of construction process and
Quantity Surveyors (QS) have the role and duty to clarify the correct
information regarding clashes. Unfortunately, previous studies have
shown that surveyors have had low spatial visualization which leads to
difficulties in finding clashes, resulting to inaccuracy of quantity take-
off. Researchers found that Virtual Reality (VR) technology improves
spatial ability, and VR helps better clash identifications, but literature is
lacking in discussing about take-off accuracy using VR. Therefore, this
research aims to propose a virtual reality framework for clash detection
in improving estimation accuracy. This research will provide testable
evidence of quantity take off accuracy through clash detection with a
help of VR technology. The research findings show great increment in
number of clash found and accuracy of quantity take-off. The framework
will benefit surveyors and educators with new perspective of VR usage
as a tool to boost surveyors’ understanding towards drawing hence
improving taking-off ability.
Keywords: Clash detection, Building Information Modelling (BIM),
Quantity Surveyor, Estimation, Quantity Take-off, spatial
visualisation, Virtual Reality
International Research Innovation, Invention & Solution Exposition (IRIISE 2018)
76
SAND E-LEARNING APPS
Nurul Ain Amir Adli, Umahsri Murugan, Nuraziziah Abu Samah,
Amirah Nadhirah Kamaruzaman,
University of Malaya,
Email: [email protected]
ABSTRACT
The SAND E-Learning Mobile Application act as an assistant for
students in learning System Analysis and Design. It is a complete
package featuring mind-map notes that can be viewed or downloaded in
pdf format, quiz, bookmarks and glossary search. The target users are
Polytechnic students who register System Analysis and Design (SAND)
course. As the course itself is more of a theoretical element, this mobile
application has been triggered and created as the best medium to
catalyze students in memorizing and emphasizing essential parts of the
course. The development method used is Agile Scrum Development.
The development of this mobile application is also in line with Mission
of the Department of Polytechnic Education; to gain international
recognition through collaboration within the TVET community. It also
moves towards the concept of user-led education via mobile technology
and it also creates a medium for a more learner-center as both educators
and students can benefit by experience it once installed. Suggestion to
enhance this mobile application is by including the zoom in and out
image patterns for every chapter. It also could be fruitful if the
�progress bar� feature is included in the quiz module for easy user
navigation towards the mobile applications.
Keywords: System Analysis and Design, mind-map notes, quiz,
bookmark, glossary, e-learning, Polytechnics, mobile technology
International Research Innovation, Invention & Solution Exposition (IRIISE 2018)
77
OVERCOMING HOUSING AFFORDABILITY
PROBLEMS WITH HOUSING INCENTIVE SCHEMES
IN GREATER KUALA LUMPUR
Zafirah Al Sadat Zyed, Wan Nor Azriyati Wan Abd Aziz, Noor Rosly
Hanif, Peter Aning Tedong, Sarah Yasreen Binti Mohammad Shukri,
Wan Nur Liyana Binti Mohamad Idrus
University of Malaya
Homeownership is every household dream. What stands in between a
household and purchasing a house, among others, is their affordability
to own a house. Based on a study on housing affordability problems
among young households, there are three prominent housing
affordability problems among young households which are, insufficient
monthly household income, limited housing choice in the market and
increasing house prices. These problems are addressed by the state
through the National Housing Policy as well other housing incentive
schemes (HIS) introduced such as My First Home Scheme and 1Malaysia
People's Housing Scheme (PR1MA). However, these interventions by
the state are not enough to overcome housing affordability problems
among young households especially in Greater Kuala Lumpur. The
research questions are as follows; what are the current housing incentive
schemes in Greater Kuala Lumpur? And to what extent has the current
housing incentive scheme assist young household own a house in
Greater Kuala Lumpur? Hypothetically, the HIS introduced will address
the housing affordability problems in Greater Kuala Lumpur (GKL).
However, a holistic HIS should be able to fulfil the gap of housing
affordability problems among young households. This study uses case
study approach and the data is collected from 356 questionnaires. The
respondents are between 21 to 35 years old and work in GKL. The
findings show that most HIS do not holistically assist young households
in purchasing a house. This is because majority of HIS only overcome
problems in household income and house price but not in housing
choice. In conclusion, although the government has introduced a
International Research Innovation, Invention & Solution Exposition (IRIISE 2018)
78
number of good HIS to assist young household to own a house, there is
still a gap in addressing the housing affordability problems. It is found
that private developers have introduced their own HIS to promote their
development. Perhaps, the government should work with the private
developer to address the housing affordability problems.
Keywords: Housing, Housing Affordability, Affordable Housing,
Housing Incentive Schemes
International Research Innovation, Invention & Solution Exposition (IRIISE 2018)
79
INTERNET OF THINGS: MOVING FORWARDS INTO
A SMART CAMPUS
Ridhwan Ahmad Bin Ahmad Daud, Nur Mardhiyah Aziz
University of Malaya
Smart campus is an advance term that can be implied for universities
that used technologies in order to improve the overall performances of
its campus. Internet of things is one of the tools that may help
universities to evolve into a smart campus. In line with the Fourth
Industrial Revolution, universities around the globe are transforming
their spaces to a smart campus as universities have ideal space of
experimentations, hence providing solutions for smart cities. Furthering
this development, University of Malaya (UM), the oldest university in
Malaysia, is pushing for IoT-based smart environments in its campus.
Thus, this research aims to develop a need inventory for IoT-enabled
building and infrastructure in UM campus that could enhance the
performance of the campus’s population. Choosing Kompleks Perdana
Siswa (KPS) as a scope of study, needs assessment will be conducted
using both qualitative and quantitative methods. Through a survey
analysis, the significance needs for IoT will be ranked according to its
importance and urgency. In a later part, gap analysis will be performed
to evaluate current and desired IoT facilities in the campus. The solution
of both gap will be used as a foundation for the university’s technology
roadmap in becoming a better living campus using IoT as the enabler,
along with as a justification for IoT investment. The methodology used
can be applied by other institutions in their effort to be a smart campus,
too. With smart connectivity, physical objects are networked and will
gain the ability to communicate to each other. IoT implementation will
make teaching-learning more intuitive, innovative, productive,
motivating, and interesting, as well as, it helps in energy reduction and
campus safety.
International Research Innovation, Invention & Solution Exposition (IRIISE 2018)
80
WATERLOSSTRACKER. GEOAPPS:
A MOBILE GEO APPS FOR WATER METER
TRACKING SYSTEM
Muhammad Faiz Osman Zaini, Noraqila Aiman Abu, Azri Haziq Azlin,
Siti Nurulain Sha’aban, and Abdul Rauf Abdul Rasam*
Centre of Studies for Surveying Science and Geomatics
Faculty of Architecture, Planning and Surveying
University Teknologi MARA, Selangor, Malaysia
*[email protected] (Supervisor)
Several major challenges in providing a water service and supply to
consumer have been identified in Malaysia. One of the most challenging
is proportion of water loss or known as non-revenue water (NRW).
NRW is water that has been supplied to the consumer, but it lost before
it reaches to the consumer. The losses of NRW is related with water
billing or consumed and water produced by local agencies such as in
AIR Selangor or SYABAS. One of the way to overcome the NRW is by
changing water meter inaccuracies or malfunction, but the current
management system conducted by the local department of water meter
is old fashion such as the contractor does not find the water meter due to
the problem of the housing address or land lots, and therefore it needs to
be transformed into a new management method. The aim of this
innovation is to develop a mobile geospatial apps of water meter
tracking system for AIR Selangor authorities in Shah Alam. The main
methodology used in this study was started by identifying the problem,
then designing apps, developing the apps and lastly evaluating the apps.
The officers and contractors of the water meter department agreed that
the suggestion of the author to develop a GeoApps is important since
the current system need to be improved with an automatic approach.
Therefore, this developed apps has technical capabilities to improve the
current system that is only using a pen and paper as a managing water
meter system at the site. The GeoApps can also update all the coordinate
of water meter so that the contactor can find the water meter easily. By
International Research Innovation, Invention & Solution Exposition (IRIISE 2018)
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these apps capabilities, the efficiency of the process can reduce time to
find the water meter. In addition, location of the water meter can be
searched immediately by using the internet connection. Overall, the
evaluators also agreed the design and functions developed in the apps,
and therefore this water meter tracking system could be applied in the
local departments.
Keywords: Geospatial, Mobile Apps, Web-Based GIS,
WaterLossTracker.GeoApps, Water Meter, Non-Revenue Water
(NRW)
International Research Innovation, Invention & Solution Exposition (IRIISE 2018)
82
RISK ASSESSMENT IN PROJECT FINANCE FOR
TRANSPORTATION INFRASTRUCTURE PROJECTS
IN MALAYSIA
Lau Win Yei, Saipol Bari Bin Abd Karim
University of Malaya
The nature of construction industry is risky. Various project risks are
present in different types of construction projects. To scope it down, this
research focuses on risk associated with project finance for
transportation infrastructure projects in Malaysia. This research
investigates the current risk management and risk assessment practice
for risks associated project finance in transportation infrastructure
projects in Malaysia. There are various possible risks which affects the
project delivery with best performance in term of time, cost and quality.
The proper risk assessment framework has to be structured in order to
achieve efficiency in assessing the risks associated with project finance of
transportation infrastructure projects. The research method used is
qualitative research approach by conducting semi-structure interviews
selectively with various practitioners who are directly or indirectly
involved in the risk management and risk assessment, as well as
knowledgeable from the perspective of project finance. The coding
process is used to analyse the issues and possible improvements for the
current risk assessment practice, apart from determining most
significant risks associated with project finance possible risks and their
consequences towards the effectiveness of risk assessment in project
finance for transportation infrastructure project in Malaysia. The
discussion outcome is further used to develop a project risk assessment
framework, in accordance to the ISO 31000. Practitioners may use the
risk assessment framework developed in the assessment of project
finance risk in the transportation infrastructure projects in Malaysia.
International Research Innovation, Invention & Solution Exposition (IRIISE 2018)
83
CATEGORY C
Arts & Humanities
International Research Innovation, Invention & Solution Exposition (IRIISE 2018)
84
LEARNING MALAY FOLK SONG USING M-
LEARNING MODEL DESIGNED Fung Ying Loo1, Fung Chiat Loo2
1University of Malaya, 2Universiti Putra Malaysia
This innovation is a music-based M-learning model which is used as a
device on teaching and increasing awareness of Malay folk song. It
consists of music programming that includes the process of song
arrangement using different musical style not limited to the original
authentic version of the selected song. The model reveals a set of musical
tracks recording that accompanies the practice of the song and at the
same time, tempo stability training was carried out. Without the
facilitating of a tutor or teacher (as in conventional piano teaching and
learning), students are able to practise the task at anytime and
anywhere. M-learning which relies on a mobile device can occur
anywhere and anytime, began in the mid-90s (Pachler, Bachmair, &
Cook 2009). A more precise definition derives from Crompton (2013)
which added another level to the four elements (technological devices,
pedagogy, social interactions and context) of m-learning. Most scholars
agree that m-learning is less time-consuming when it comes to teaching
with instructions. It also serves as a function of distance learning where
a handheld mobile device is used for interaction and learning. In
comparison with e-learning, Bajpai (2011) explains that m-learning relies
on modern mobile devices that may be smaller in size and lightweight
and learning space is no longer restricted such as if a desktop pc is used.
The mobile orchestra accompaniment used in this m-learning model is
believed to enhance interest in learning comparable to the already
proven popularity of karaoke in society. The model could be developed
into a mobile application or game which may gain more interest from
the public in future. Thus, this m-learning design is a new approach that
takes into consideration the synthesis of three learning contents: 1. piano
learning and practicing 2. Rhythmic accuracy 3. awareness of Malaysian
folk song. The approach can also be a model for other traditional music
and genres.
Keywords: M-learning, Malay folk song, Music
International Research Innovation, Invention & Solution Exposition (IRIISE 2018)
85
THE SIGNIFICANCE OF RURAL LANDSCAPE
CHARACTERS TO A RURAL ROUTE FOR TOURISM A
CASE STUDY ALONG KUALA SELANGOR- SABAK
BERNAM ROUTE
Nur Amirah Abdul Wahab, Khalilah Zakariya, Putri Haryati Ibrahim
International Islamic University Malaysia
The presence of scenic landscape characters along the rural routes is one
of the main attractions that entice tourists to visit the rural areas. There
are tangible and intangible rural landscape characters composed of
biophysical, built and cultural components. Some rural areas in Malaysia
are beginning to get affected, if they have not already, by the process of
urbanisation as town centres and infrastructural development expand.
As a result of this, the cultural characters of the rural areas may be lost
gradually, if their significance are not recognised and integrated into
their future development. A recognition of these important cultural
characters could increase tourism development opportunities, where the
planning of resources and attractions can be better integrated to support
infrastructural development of a region, conservation and rejuvenation
of cultural and natural resources. The aim of this study is to determine
the landscape characteristics of the rural area for the tourism routes to
conserve and integrate the physical, cultural and environmental features
of the rural landscape with tourism activities. The objectives of this
study are (i) to identify the landscape characteristics of the rural area and
route for tourist attractions, (ii) to examine the needs of the tourists in
rural tourism, and (iii) to determine the rural landscape characters and
tourism-related attributes for tourism route planning in rural areas. The
Kuala Selangor – Sabak Bernam rural route in Selangor is the selected
case study area. The data was collected through a method of inventory
by observation and mapping along the study area of. In addition, survey
questionnaires were analyzed from 250 respondents among the local
people and tourists to get the significant attributes of the rural landscape
characters for tourism route planning. The semi-structured interviews
were conducted on the Malaysia Tourist Guide Council and the
homestay operator in order to obtain their views on the potentials and
International Research Innovation, Invention & Solution Exposition (IRIISE 2018)
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challenges of development rural tourism routes. The findings revealed
that the attributes of physical, heritage, culture, environment and
sensory must be integrated at the rural route to attract visitors. This
study concludes that for a rural route to maintain its attractiveness as
part of rural tourism, these cultural characters need to be integrated into
the future plans, and activities can be created to allow tourists to
experience the local cultural environment.
Keyword: Landscape character, rural tourism, rural route
International Research Innovation, Invention & Solution Exposition (IRIISE 2018)
87
E-DIWAN INGENIOUS MOBILE INTERACTIVE
ARABIC LANGUAGE EDUCATION TOOL
Rahmah Bt. Ahmad H. Osman1, Feham Ghalib1, Murni Mahmud2,
Muhamad Zamri Abdul Gani1, Atikah Balqis Basri3 1 Dept. of Arabic Language and Literature,
Kulliyyah of Islamic Revealed Knowledge and Human Sciences
International Islamic University Malaysia 2 Kulliyyah of Information and Communication Technology
International Islamic University Malaysia 3 Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Kulliyyah of
Engineering,
International Islamic University Malaysia
[email protected], [email protected], [email protected],
[email protected], [email protected]
The Arabic languages have been considered as a global language and it
has become one of the most important languages for all language
learners around the world. However, there is a lack of interactive aspects
in computer applications that are specially designed for learning Arabic
poetry for non-native learners. No proper methodology to engage the
student in learning and deep understanding of poetry where insufficient
tools to enhance the student experience in appreciating and applying
poetry to enrich their Arabic vocabulary. But with the development
(Internet of Things) IoT software application developed specifically for
use on small, wireless computing devices, such as smartphones and
tablets more interactive language education tool is possible. An
Interactive Arabic language education tool is critical in ensuring student
performance. This E-diwan prototype designed and developed an app
for Arabic poetry accessible through a mobile device and a mobile
interface (Android, iPhone, Windows Mobile) for a designated Arabic
poetry electronic portfolio website. Consideration for the current
scenario illustrates the preference and the reliance on interactive
programs and gadgets among the educators and students. As the result,
International Research Innovation, Invention & Solution Exposition (IRIISE 2018)
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the app leads to a superior methodology to engage the student in
learning and deep understanding of poetry. This app fit as a lecture
companion tool for all educators teaching Arabic poetry a largely
forgotten value in learning the Arabic language. This product is ready to
use and would benefit the Arabic language learners.
Keywords: E-diwan, mobile app, IoT
International Research Innovation, Invention & Solution Exposition (IRIISE 2018)
89
OCCUPANTS PRODUCTIVITY AND ENERGY
SAVING ENHANCEMENT: CASE STUDY OF GREEN
BUILDING IN MALAYSIA FOR OPTIMAL THERMAL
CONDITION
Masoud Esfandiari, Suzaini Mohamed Zaid*, Muhammad Azzam
Ismail,
Faculty of Built Environment
University of Malaya
Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
Enhancing building performance has incrementally become a critical
issue, due to its crucial role on energy efficiency, environmental impact
reduction, and effect on occupants’ satisfaction. Exhaustive materials
from world of science have proved occupants’ satisfaction has an
indisputable influence on their productivity which is vital for office
building. Providing suitable indoor environment quality (IEQ) include
parameters such as thermal comfort, indoor air quality, noise, light
quality, maintenance, etc. can be claimed as the most critical parameters
in tropical climate – and has a direct coloration to energy consumption.
Therefore, buildings should perform in way that provide satisfaction
and energy saving in an optimal way, but some case studies and
literature have indicated a conflict between these two criteria during
operational stage. Do green buildings really reduce energy during
operations? What are the adverse effect on green buildings to the indoor
environmental quality and its impact on occupant’s work productivity?
Thus, this study aims to investigate if green buildings have a positive
impact on occupant’s work productivity and provide suitable thermal
comfort in the tropical climate context of Malaysia. A case study
approach was adopted to examine a Green Building Index (GBI) certified
office building using post occupancy evaluation (POE) to investigate
occupants feedback on thermal condition and its effect on their
productivity. The investigation included a questionnaire survey and
International Research Innovation, Invention & Solution Exposition (IRIISE 2018)
90
physical measurement of the IEQ. The result showed some respondents
are comfortable with the overall condition of thermal while they claimed
their productivity is increased by the building condition. However, most
of them believe the indoor temperature were too cold, which indicates
inefficient air-conditioning and mechanical systems that could
exaggerate energy consumption. Finally, this study tries to relate the
findings of the questionnaire survey to physical measurement to
recommend optimal temperature for occupants to enhance their
productivity without compromising energy efficiency.
Keywords: Operational energy, Indoor environment quality, work
productivity, green building
International Research Innovation, Invention & Solution Exposition (IRIISE 2018)
91
USING THE MNEMEMORIC VERB GAMES TO
ENHANCE IRREGULAR VERBS
Sheema Liza Idris1, Noorlinda Alang1, Shazila Abdullah1, Noor Roslinda
DAmir Ishak1 and Azrul Bahaluddin2
Academy of Language Studies, UiTM Cawangan Perak1
Faculty of Architecture, Planning and Surveying, UiTM Cawangan Perak2
[email protected], [email protected], [email protected],
[email protected], [email protected]
As verbs are fundamental components of English sentence structures,
mastering them is imperative for learners in order for them to construct
grammatically correct sentences in both their writing and speaking. For
most English learners, it is not a hassle to understand, remember and use
the past and past participle forms of regular verbs. Nonetheless, when it
comes to irregular verbs, understanding, memorising and using their
past and past participle forms are more challenging and this relentlessly
contributes to learners’ confusion and uncertainty. This indeed
supported by Grabowski and Mindt (1994) when they mentioned that
“irregular verbs represent one of the difficult aspects of the language”. A
typical list of irregular verbs is organised in alphabetical order and this
will definitely bore learners every time they are required to understand
and master the verbs. Thus, the innovation of this Mnememoric Verb
Card game is prompted as a new method to assist learners in the
mastery of the past and past participle forms of irregular verbs.
Additionally, two popular word games, namely Word Maze and Word
Puzzle are improvised to be played using this Mnememoric Verb Card
game. Playing these games repeatedly enables learners to continually
practice the verbs and this later encourages learners’ automaticity, which
is essential for basic sentence constructions.
Keywords: English Language, Language Games, Irregular Verbs
International Research Innovation, Invention & Solution Exposition (IRIISE 2018)
92
DEVELOPING A FRAMEWORK FOR PERFORMANCE
MEASUREMENT OF FACILITIES MANAGEMENT
(FM) SERVICES IN PUBLIC HOSPITALS IN GHANA
** Daniel Amos, Zairul Nisham Bin Musa, Au Yong Cheong Peng
** Faculty of Built Environment, Universiti Malaya
Performance measurement has become the language of process for any
organization in today’s information driven decision making
environment as it give direction to organization in achieving its goals. In
Facilities Management, performance measurement is important to
contributing to organizational success in terms of effectiveness,
efficiency and adding value. Whiles the concept of performance
measurement has become a potent part of strategic and service
quality decisions in healthcare organizations, most of these
performance measures and quality indicators have been on clinical
performance other than facilities management or non-clinical support
services. Ghana’s health sector has seen tremendous improvement in
recent years albeit many challenges. The entire public health care
system in Ghana has recently come under political and public pressure
to improve the quality of its services to the public whiles at the same
time operational and managerial cost of healthcare is increasing rapidly.
Public hospitals like every other corporate organization have limited
resources putting intense competing needs between the core and non-
core FM. Consequently, there is need for performance measurement in
FM as a means of resource sustainability, evaluates the value adding
capabilities of FM to senior management and also improve service
performance. This study present the result of an explorative enquiry into
performance measurement of FM in public hospitals in Ghana. This
study note that annual peer review exercise by the Ghana health services
which at present is the performance tool that captures aspects of FM is
an audit tool and put undue pressure on hospitals. Further other
performance measurement tools such as patient satisfaction survey,
inspections with standard checklist, and quality assurance and
performance appraisal for FM staff are not tailored for FM performance
assessment. The low level of priority accorded FM in public hospital
International Research Innovation, Invention & Solution Exposition (IRIISE 2018)
93
and the concomitant lack of standard procedures and methodologies in
assessing FM performance is a significant challenge which underscores
the need for tailored FM performance measurement framework which
this study seeks to fulfil. The paper is an extract from an ongoing PhD
research which provides background work for a possible attempt at
developing a tailored performance measurement framework for
public hospitals facilities managers in Ghana and by extension to most
parts of the developing world.
International Research Innovation, Invention & Solution Exposition (IRIISE 2018)
94
IDENTIFYING CHARACTER-DEFINING FEATURES
OF SHOPHOUSES IN TAIPING, MALAYSIA
1Nur Farhana Azmi, 2Siti Farrah Zaini, 3Yong Adilah Shamsul
Harumain, 4Azlan Shah Ali 1,4Center for Building, Construction and Tropical Architecture (BuCTA),
Faculty of Built Environment, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur,
Malaysia 2Department of Building Surveying, Faculty of Built Environment,
University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia 3Center for Sustainable Urban Planning & Real Estate (SUPRE), Faculty
of Built Environment, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
Email: [email protected], [email protected], [email protected], [email protected]
The shophouses is the oldest extant urban dwelling that strengthen the
identity of the country. Apart from historic and aesthetic contribution it
makes, the influence of traditional shophouses buildings to the
uniqueness and distinctiveness of a place is also reflected in its use as
activities settings. However, these buildings are nowadays seriously
threatened by rapid development of urban as well as rural construction
and continuously losing their original features. Therefore, it is
particularly necessary to examine the key elements that define the
characteristics of these shophouses buildings or collectively known as
character-defining features. Surveys through observation and
questionnaire were conducted in Taiping, a small town in the state of
Perak to identify the character-defining features which make a
continuing contribution to the overall sense of the place. The survey
results demonstrate that both tangible (architectural design, location,
arrangement, size, materials, craftsmanship, 5-foot-ways, colour) and
intangible (use, society culture, historical association, smell, sound and
sight) character-defining features act as important trigger for the
buildings distinctiveness and therefore, should be given prime
consideration in every preservation works of the building.
Keywords: Character-defining features, place, shophouses, Taiping
International Research Innovation, Invention & Solution Exposition (IRIISE 2018)
95
THE STATE OF RESIDENT’S HEALTH AND WELL
BEING OF INDOOR ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY
(IEQ) IN MALAYSIAN AFFORDABLE HOUSING
Syahrul Nizam Kamaruzzaman, Nurul Aisyah Asbullah, Siti Arni Basir,
Emma Marinie Ahmad Zawawi & Mike Riley
Affordable housing scheme in Malaysia has risen in terms of number but
the quality of the housing is still uncertain. Previous studies have proven
that the quality of indoor environment (IEQ) affect the building
occupants significantly, in both mental and physical of the residents.
This study aims to provide an insight on the indoor quality of affordable
housing in Malaysia. Four different affordable housing development
within the Klang was chosen in this study. Mixed method approach was
adopted sequentially through literature review, observational survey,
and questionnaire survey. The data collected were then analyzed using
the statistical SPSS software. This study has found that the health and
wellbeing of the building occupants are affected by the IEQ. It is
believed that better IEQ can improve the health and increase the
productivity of the residents.
Keywords: indoor Environmental Quality IEQ, affordable housing,
well being, Malaysia.
International Research Innovation, Invention & Solution Exposition (IRIISE 2018)
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AL-HIJAEI
(A NEW QURANIC READING MODEL BASED
ON P2-PSYCO)
Yuslina Mohamed1,a, Kauthar Abd Kadir2,b, Mesbahul Hoque3, Syuib
Shafi4
1Fakulti Pengajian Bahasa Utama, Universiti Sains Islam Malaysia,
Bandar Baru Nilai, 78100 Nilai, negeri Sembilan. Malaysia
2Fakulti Pengajian Al Quran Sunnah, Universiti Sains Islam Malaysia,
Bandar Baru Nilai, 78100 Nilai, negeri Sembilan. Malaysia
3Fakulti Pengajian Al Quran Sunnah, Universiti Sains Islam Malaysia,
Bandar Baru Nilai, 78100 Nilai, negeri Sembilan. Malaysia
4Darul Quran, Jabatan Kemajuan Islam Malaysia, Kuala Kubu Baru,
Selangor. [email protected], [email protected] (Corresponding email)
Al Hijaei adalah model atau kaedah bacaan al-Quran yang baru,
menggunakan Phonic berdasarkan teori fonologi bahasa Arab, fonetik
dan psikolinguistik (Ph2-Psyco). Al Hijaei mengandungi empat buku
mewakili semua 28 huruf Hijai yang disusun berdasarkan tahap
kesukaran. Setiap buku hanya akan memfokuskan 7 huruf Hijai
mengikut artikulasi bunyi, pemerolehan bahasa di kalangan bayi dan
ciri-ciri huruf. Gabungan bunyi semua huruf telah dipilih dari Al-Quran
sepenuhnya. Produk ini boleh digunakan untuk belajar membaca Al-
Quran dari usia bayi seawal 8 bulan hingga dewasa dalam masa yang
singkat dalam zaman moden ini. Produk ini dibangunkan adalah untuk
membantu mereka yang baru hendak belajar membaca Al-Quran
samada yang celik atau yang ada masalah penglihatan (buta) dengan
cara mudah, cepat dan berkesan, Juga bagi mereka yang berfikiran
bahawa belajar quran sangat susah. Produk ini didatangkan dalam 2
versi, iaitu bercetak dan brail. Produk ini juga akan mengeluarkan
ebook, applikasi android dan multimedia intelligent search engine using
case-based reasoning(CBR) untuk mengoptimumkan prestasi dan
memastikan ketepatan maklumat dalam pengisian. Produk ini akan
memberi manfaat kepada rakyat Malaysia dan umat Islam seluruh
dunia. Produk ini telah dipatenkan dan telah mendapat nombor
hakcipta IP . Produk ini telah dipamerkan di Pecipta 2017, Inovasi P&P
International Research Innovation, Invention & Solution Exposition (IRIISE 2018)
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UKM dan iInova 2018 USIM dan telah menarik minat beberapa syarikat
seperti Bank Rakyat, MAIP, persatuan NGO, institusi dan Syarikat
swasta. Permintaan terhadap produk ini sangat memberangsangkan,
dan telah mendapat sambutan dari al Baghdadi, al Furqan, Gym
Academy, akademi al Fakeh, Macma dan PKIB.dan leapfrog. alHijaei
boleh diekses menggunakan smrtphone atau tablet selapas selesai fasa
percubaan yang sedang dijalankan di taska yang terpilih, Macma,
PERKIM, sekolah-sekolah khas. Produk mesra pengguna ini boleh
digunakan di mana-mana dan pada bila-bila masa, sama ada melalui
telefon pintar dan tablet . Produk ini akan diintegrasikan dengan
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CATEGORY C
Engineering & Technology
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99
HYDROELASTIC AND HYDRODYNAMIC ANALYSIS
OF A UNIFORM RIGID AND FLEXIBLE BARGE USING
WEAKLY COMPRESSIBLE SMOOTHED PARTICLE
HYDRODYNAMICS (WCSPH)
Muhammad Zahir Ramli
International Islamic University Malaysia
During fluid-structure interaction (FSI) fluid forces acting on the
structure result in the structure moving and deforming, which in turn
affects the flow boundary conditions, hence fluid motion. This
interaction, also known as two-way coupling, has been studied in
marine, offshore and coastal engineering. The majority of approaches
used are based on potential flow where nonlinear effects are either
ignored or allowed for through various assumptions on the body and
free surface boundary conditions, leading to a range of partly to fully
nonlinear methods. However, numerical models based on potential flow
theory are unable to deal with extreme free surface deformations, as well
as FSI problems where the effects of viscosity, turbulence and
compressibility are significant. In order to address such shortcomings,
there have been several attempts to solve nonlinear rigid body FSI and
benefitting from rapid progress in Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes
(RANS) code development, using either the finite difference method
(FDM) or the finite volume method (FVM). However, most of these
methods are Eulerian and, by and large, ineffective in the case of
extreme events of wave breaking and water spray. Therefore,
Lagrangian meshless methods are viewed as alternatives in providing
accurate numerical solutions to improve inadequacy of mesh-based
discretization. Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics (SPH) is a mesh-free,
Lagrangian method whereby the computational domain is represented
by a set of interpolation points called particles where the fluid medium
is discretised by the interaction between particles rather than grid cells.
Each particle carries an individual mass, velocity, position and any other
requisite physical characteristics, which evolve over time through the
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governing equations. All particles have a kernel function to define their
range of interaction, while the hydrodynamic variables are defined by
integral approximations. The current works presented are the first step
in extending the application of WCSPH (weakly compressible SPH) to
simulate two-way coupling in FSI. Numerical predictions for such
interactions involving rigid and elastic body could provide useful
knowledge in the possibility of implementing particle method in FSI. In
the first part, WCSPH is applied to simulate rigid body motion of barge
in regular waves. Vertical displacements of barge under different wave
conditions are calculated and their Response Amplitude Operators
(RAOs) and vertical bending moments (VBMs) are determined. Results
are then compared to experimental data and 2 other numerical data.
Secondly, forced oscillation tests are performed on a uniform flexible
barge using WCSPH for the 3D radiation problem. Hydrodynamic
coefficients, namely added mass and damping coefficients, are obtained
for the rigid body motions of heave and pitch, and the 2-node (2VB) and
3-node (3VB) symmetric distortion mode shapes, including coupling
terms. These are compared with potential flow (using 3D
hydroelasticity) and RANS (using STAR-CCM+) predictions. Domain
size, particle numbers and damping zones are modified based on
different frequencies of oscillation, allowing the free surface to be well
captured by WCSPH.
International Research Innovation, Invention & Solution Exposition (IRIISE 2018)
101
"HIDRO-G": A GAME-BASED LEARNING (GBL)
DIGITAL APPLICATION FOR FUEL CELL
TECHNOLOGY
DUmi Azmah Hasran1, Siti Fadzilah Binti Mat Noor2, Rosseni Din3, Wan
Ramli Wan Daud4, Nur Fadhilah Abdul Jalil5 1,4,5Institut Sel Fuel, UKM, 2Fakulti Teknologi & Sains Maklumat, UKM,
3Fakulti Pendidikan, UKM
Fuel cell has been identified as a highly potential technology in
contributing to Malaysia's low carbon industry. However, fuel cell
technology is not yet well known to the public, and to students in
particular. The need analysis study, previously carried out on a group of
students, found that most students in the target group did not know and
understand about fuel cell technology and its usage in everyday life.
However, students are also very interested in learning about fuel cell
technology when the learning method is simple and fun. Therefore, a
digital mobile game application called "Hydro-G" is developed for the
purpose of delivering the basic knowledge that focuses on fuel cell
technology to the target group comprising high school students.
Indirectly, students will be able to apply the knowledge of fuel cell
technology in their daily lives, thereby raising awareness of low-carbon
technologies that are currently drawing a global interest. Based on the
game-based learning strategy (GBL), Hydro-G is expected to boost
students' interest and motivation to learn the subjects related to fuel cell
technology by a more fun method of playing while learning. This will be
the first GBL application that focuses on fuel cell using Malay language
as the medium of instruction.
Keywords: fuel cell education, game-based learning, learning
taxonomy, mobile game, digital app
International Research Innovation, Invention & Solution Exposition (IRIISE 2018)
102
SUSTAINABLE DRINKING WATER AND
ELECTRICITY SUPPLIES WITH RENEWABLE ENERGY
WATER REFINE TECHNOLOGY (REWART)
Chun Ming Chew* and K.M. David Ng
Techkem Group,
No. 5, Jalan Prima Tropika Barat 2, Taman Prima Tropika,
43300 Seri Kembangan, Selangor MALAYSIA
*Corresponding author e-mail: [email protected]
The World Bank collection of development indicators in 2015 has shown
that there were 25.3% of Malaysia’s population still living in rural
villages. A significant number of these villages in the state of Sarawak
are currently without access to public piped water supply and electricity
from the national grid networks. In March 2018, a corporate social
responsibility (CSR) project initiated by Techkem Group with the
support from the state assembly representative of Balingian, Sarawak
has been successfully implemented. Under this project, a long house
(over 50 residents) without
public piped water supply and electricity from the national grid
networks was chosen. The Renewable Energy WAter Refine Technology
(REWART) system has been installed at the long house to provide clean
drinking water and electricity to the residents by harnessing solar
energy. This system consists of 2 types of solar panels to convert solar
energy into thermal energy and electricity. The first type of solar panel
harnesses solar energy or irradiation as thermal energy for the treatment
of river water into pure water through the distillation process. This solar
panel is also known as wick-type solar still which is a proven technology
to purify raw water from harmful dissolved constituents to produce safe
and clean drinking water. The second type of panel utilized in this
project is the solar photovoltaic panel which are made from
semiconductor materials to generate electricity. Conventional solar-
powered water treatment systems rely heavily on electricity (generated
by solar photovoltaic panels) for the filtration process to produce clean
drinking water from river sources. Commercial solar photovoltaic panel
has an efficiency of 22% or below and decreases as the panel
temperature increases due to high solar irradiation. Results have
indicated that the wick-type solar still utilized in the REWART system
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has shown distillation process efficiency of up to 50% for solar
irradiation of 1,000 W/m2. Unlike solar photovoltaic panel, the wick-type
solar still actually has an increase of efficiency as the solar irradiation
increases. The 300W solar photovoltaic panels installed have been
utilized to generate electricity for the river water intake pump and
illuminates light bulbs in the long house during night time. A
comprehensive energy storage facility with deep-cycle batteries and
solar charge controller has been designed and installed as part of the
system. Utilization of renewable solar energy to produce clean water is
in accordance to the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) number 6
and 7 proposed by the United Nation (UN) in 2015. The combination of
these 2 types of solar panels in the REWART system enables efficient
and sustainable production of drinking water and electricity for the rural
villagers.
Keywords: Sustainable, renewable energy, solar distillation, solar
photovoltaic, water treatment
Figure 1. The REWART system at Balingian, Sarawak
International Research Innovation, Invention & Solution Exposition (IRIISE 2018)
104
FLOODSENSED INTERNET OF THINGS (IOT) FLOOD
MONITORING SYSTEM WITH SOCIAL MEDIA
ALERTS (www.floodsensed.com)
Marsha Azizah Bt Ahmad Shamsuddin
University of Malaya
Floods disrupt the social systems of the countries and the cities and
cause enormous economic losses. Impacts produced by increased runoff
in urban setting are as the followings:
- loss of human life
- flooding of housing, commercial and industrial properties
- flooding of streets, intersections and transportation systems, causing
traffic delays
- inflow of storm water into sanitary sewers
- damage to public and personal property
- health hazards
- disruption of services such as water supply, sewerage and power
supply
- delays in public transportation
- economic losses
- pollution of local waterways and receiving water bodies
Early flood predictions and detections can reduce the above risk factors.
Waterborne diseases outbreaks such as Dengue, Malaria, Typhoid ,
Leptospirosis can be contained. Clean water supplies can be provided
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and flood mitigation plans can be implemented in flood prone areas.
Having flood detection device we will be able gather insights of flood
occurrences any particular sites and inform the authorities such as
Emergency Response Teams(ERT) and the municipalities to be well
prepared. Floodsensed is a D.I.Y IoT Flood monitoring system with
social media alerts such as Facebook, Telegram , Line chat app , slack
channels apart from SMS, voice calls and map visualization alert mobile
apps. The purpose of this system is solve traffic congestions issues at
urban areas during flash flood, we want to route traffics upon flood
detections using our flood sensing device and alert via social medias and
map visualization. We hope to integrate with traffic management apps
like Waze, Google direction maps. Floodsensed (www.floodsensed.com)
is a project supported by Open Data Institute U.K
(www.theodi.org)(https://theodi.org/organisation/floodsensed/) under
Asean Data Accelerator Program Cohort 2
(www.aseandatastartupaccelerator.com) and MDeC (www.MDeC.my)
and located at 2nd Floor , Startups Incubator, University of Malaya, Kuala
Lumpur.
International Research Innovation, Invention & Solution Exposition (IRIISE 2018)
106
ULTRASENSITIVE FIBER-OPTICS MICROPHONE FOR
STRUCTURAL CONDITION MONITORING
Kok-Sing Lim, Muhammad Khairol Annuar Zaini, Yen-Sian Lee, Nurul
Asha Mohd Nazal, Harith Ahmad
We proudly present the use of superstructured gratings (SSG) pair for
acoustic wave sensing. Our finding indicates that the proposed SSG
device has a unique spectral property that offers superior sensitivity in
spectral discrimination of the matched and interrogator gratings. In the
comparison with the conventional grating sensor, the proposed SSG
sensor is sensitive to elastic wave and even acoustic sound with a
superior sensitivity, 10 times greater than that of conventional grating
sensor. Acoustic emission excited in mechanical structure can be
detected by proposed sensor, the dynamic response is comparable with
the signal detected by conventional piezoelectric (PZT) sensor. The
analysis indicates that detected signal from the proposed sensor has a
good temporal and spectral coherence with the signal from the PZT
sensor. With a simple modification, the proposed SSG system can be
converted into a fiber-optic accelerometer, hydrophone and microphone,
useful in various monitoring applications for high voltage transformer,
power generator, turbine, O&G piping system, patient vital and etc. The
fiber optic sensors inherit many advantages, such as immunity to
electromagnetic interference, compact size, high resolution, safety in
hazardous environments, high sensitivity, low noise, high durability
against chemical corrosion, the possibility of processing the signal at a
long distance from the sensor with little degradation and etc.
International Research Innovation, Invention & Solution Exposition (IRIISE 2018)
107
TEMPERATURE TUNABLE GREEN ADHESIVE
POLYMER ELECTROLYTES (T2GAPE) FOR GREEN
FUTURE S. Ramesh1, K. Ramesh1, B. Vengadaesvaran2, N.K. Farhana1,
Norshahirah M.Saidi1
1Centre for Ionics University of Malaya, Department of Physics, Faculty
of Science, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. 2UM Power Energy Dedicated Advanced Center (UMPEDAC),
University Malaya, 50603
Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
Biopolymer electrolytes have been widely investigated for dye-
sensitized solar cells (DSSC) and battery applications by several
researchers. Improvements in solid polymer electrolyte membrane
characteristics are of great interest as it can replace the liquid electrolytes
currently used in electrochemical devices. In this research, a membrane,
which can alter its adhesive property when the working temperature of
the energy device increases beyond 50o C, is developed. The change in
the adhesive property is attributed to the heat sensitive nature of the
membrane, which makes the membrane, exhibits a temperature-tunable
adhesion property. A polymer electrolyte membrane composed of
copolymer and inorganic salt was prepared using solution casting
technique. The electrolyte material has excellent performance
characteristics and safety features such as temperature tunable adhesion.
The temperature tunable adhesive polymer electrolyte does exhibit other
excellent properties such as being mechanically elastic. It can elongate
up to 200 % from its original length when stretched. The elasticity of the
polymer electrolyte finds its importance in improving the efficiency of
the electrochemical devices. A thinner polymer electrolyte with narrow
separating space between the electrodeelectrolyte interfaces will reduce
the polymer electrolyte’s surface resistivity. The polymer is highly
transparent, adhesive towards all types of materials inclusive of PTFE
and has high ionic conductivity. The nature of this polymer electrolyte
has attracted the attention of two industries which are currently
collaborating with us.
Keywords: Polymer electrolytes; DSSC; Ionic conductivity
International Research Innovation, Invention & Solution Exposition (IRIISE 2018)
108
FIBER LASER SOLDERING MACHINE
Farazila Binti Yusof, Mohamad Badrol Hisyam Bin Mahyuddin, Lai
Kwong Yih, Tan Ai Ting, Sulaiman Wadi Bin Harun
University of Malaya
With the advancement of silicon wafer technology, integrated circuit (IC)
packaging is now much smaller which lead to narrower pitch spacing
and smaller PCB. Conventional soldering method using tip is no more
viable since the tip is quite big and cannot be used on small IC. While
oven method impose heat on the whole PCB including the IC, which
lead to IC damage and performance deterioration. To overcome this
problem, a new technique is developed, by using laser. We propose the
use of fiber type laser, which is regarded as the future laser. We use
ytterbium-doped fiber laser system, capable of providing average laser
power up to 100W, continuous and pulsed operation up to 14 MHz and
controlled beam diameter down to 10 micrometers. This proposed
system will be much superior compared to other competitor that mainly
use semiconductor laser that have limited pulsed capability and low
beam quality. In addition, the proposed system will have extended
functionality where it can also be used to engrave PCB, joining non-tin
compound and thin sheet cutting. The system is also equipped with
motorized XYZ platform and a 7� touch screen LCD display, for user
friendly interaction.
Keywords: Soldering, Machine, Laser, Fiber
International Research Innovation, Invention & Solution Exposition (IRIISE 2018)
109
DEVELOPMENT OF ULTRA-LIGHTWEIGHT
CEMENTITIOUS COMPOSITE APPLYING MODIFIED
EXPANDED PERLITE
Loh Zhi Pin, Leong Geok Wen, Mo Kim Hung
Lightweight element is getting more important and trendy in the
construction industry due to its advantages of having lower self-weight,
transportation and handling cost and faster building rates. Thus, various
types of lightweight concrete had been developed by incorporating
materials such as vermiculite, foam and polystyrene bead to achieve
concrete density less than 2000kg/m3. An innovative new and lighter
material, modified expanded perlite (MEP) has made ultra-lightweight
concrete with density less than 1400kg/m3 possible. Using this material,
a breakthrough in research has led to the development of ultra-
lightweight cementitious composite (ULCC) by using MEP. Tailor-made
ULCC to accommodate different usages has successfully achieved
densities between 900 – 1200 kg/m3 and compressive strength between
10.4 – 23.4 MPa.. A tougher and stronger ULCC is developed by
reinforcing it with fibres, making it a comparable and competitive
alternative to conventional lightweight concrete. Thus, the performance
and the versatility of ULCC emit high potential to be developed as a new
material in special structures such as decorative concrete, floating
structure or even load-bearing applications.
International Research Innovation, Invention & Solution Exposition (IRIISE 2018)
110
THERMAL CONDUCTIVITY TESTER
P.Ganesana1, F.Zaiba1
1Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering,
University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
Thermal conductivity tester has been developed in-house at Faculty of
Engineering to measure the effective thermal conductivity of soft
material, sandwiched material, pad and even film type under different
pressure. The tester is built according to the standard test condition,
ASTM D5470. ASTM D5470 published in 1993 is a standard test method
to measure effective thermal conductivity of thermally conductive solid
electrical insulation materials. The figure of thermal conductivity tester
is shown below. The tester consists of two Aluminum bar of known
thermal conductivity with different application of temperature (cooling
and heating), across which heat is transferred. Sample is placed between
the Aluminum bar and subjected to be pressed from 4 to 7 Kg. Electrical
heat is applied at the upper aluminum bar while heat sink is fabricated
at the bottom of the bar. Three temperature sensor (Resistance Thermal
Detector (RTD)) are placed in each bar. The temperature gradient
include the location of the temperature sensors are measured to obtained
the surface temperature of each aluminum bar. The temperature
difference and heat flux can be measured once the steady state achieved.
The thermal conductance can be determining by Fourier’s law, obtaining
the ratio of the heat flux to the temperature drop across the interface.
The heat flux of sample can be defined as;
Ө = (ΔT x Area)/Heat Flow
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1. Lead Screw: Applied pressure to sample.
2. Acrylic.
2.1: Acrylic (fix).
2.2: Acrylic (not fix) - Pressed down by screw.
2.3: Acrylic (not fix) - Pressed down leading by 2.2 plate.
2.4: Base acrylic (fix).
3. Ceramic: Macor ceramic use between cartridge heater and acrylic
plate to reduce hot temperature flow through acrylic.
4. Aluminum Bar (Heating)
Contain 250w cartridge heater with constant temperature applied 80⁰C.
Aluminum bar is mounted to sample trough acrylic.
5. Aluminum Bar (Cooling)
Aluminum bar with fabricated heat sink is mounted trough acrylic plate.
Water pipe flow in and out through the heat sink to increase the cooling
function.
6. Spring: 8 springs are place below the acrylic plate (2.3). Each spring (k
= 0.0312 kg/mm) has been calculated to be able to undergo 7kg of
pressure applied. The length value of spring being pressed will be used
in calculating pressure (in Newton) applied onto sample.
7. RTD: RTD is installed to detect temperature for cartridge heater and
control the temperature applied.
8. RTD: 6 RTDs are installed to detect temperature at heating and
cooling part. There is a data logger to collect and record all the
temperature data from RTDs.
9. Ceramic blanket: Used by wrapping the aluminum bar during testing
to reduce heat lost.
International Research Innovation, Invention & Solution Exposition (IRIISE 2018)
113
LONG RANGE RF BEACON LOCATOR USING
STANDALONE NETWORK
Muhammad Amirul Iman Bin Zalzilah Rashidi, Shameer Shah Bin Sani,
Muhammad Hafiz bin Harun, Muhammad Amzar Bin Mohamad Nasir,
Mohamad Badrol Hisyam Bin Mahyuddin
University of Malaya
Hiking and jungle trekking are one of the favorite outdoor activity
among Malaysians. However, our dense forest, hilly terrain and heavy
rain climate contribute to high tendency for trekkers to get lost. This
system is developed to overcome this problem by providing low cost but
long range personal beacon, without relying on commercial GSM and
satellite network. The system utilizes new generation LoRa technology,
which able to establish standalone wireless communication up to 8000 m
range while consuming very low electrical power. The system consists of
3 parts: 1. a portable beacon that have GPS receiver and LoRa transmitter
that will transmit accurate lat/long position every 10 minutes. It is
equipped with 3000 mAh battery so that it able to operate for up to 30
days. It also has two buttons, for medical emergency and lost. 2. A relay
node, which act as a range extender that will be place in stationary mode
in every 4 km radius and powered by solar panel, which also can be
equipped with other related sensors for environment and intrusion
monitoring. 3. A control panel that normally place in the Forestry
Department office, where the authority can monitor the trekkers
movement and emergency call. It can also can provide environment data
and intrusion warning. If the relay node is properly placed, the system is
able to have very wide coverage, spanning to hundreds of kilometers
away which eventually can cover the whole forest in Malaysia.
Keywords: LoRa, Hiking, Jungle Trekking, Beacon
International Research Innovation, Invention & Solution Exposition (IRIISE 2018)
114
ALEPS: ADAPTIVE LEARNING ENVIRONMENT FOR
PHYSICS PROBLEM-SOLVING
Siti Soraya Abdul Rahman, Norisma Idris, Nurul Fazmidar Mohd Noor
University of Malaya
ALEPS is an e-learning tool that assists students to solve Physics
problem. The fundamental principle underlying the design of ALEPS is
Polya’s four-step problem-solving model. ALEPS guides students
through Physics problem-solving process in stages from understanding
of problem (the understanding module), to the stage of planning
solution to the problem (the planning module) and from executing the
plan through creation of simulation as verification of understanding of
the problem (the simulation module). The understanding module aims
at assisting students to identify problem features in Physics (i.e. known,
unknown, and domain). The planning module guides students to plan
solution by providing means of sketching a free-body diagram and
assistance through retrieval of related worked-examples. The simulation
module provides a platform for students to create a representation of
their understanding via simulation based on the identified Physics
principles and the implemented plan. The simulation allows students to
verify the accuracy of their solution.
Keywords: e-Learning tool, Physics problem, problem-solving
International Research Innovation, Invention & Solution Exposition (IRIISE 2018)
115
MACHINE VISION INSPECTION SYSTEM FOR
SORTING AND GRADING FRUITS
Usman Ghani
SEGi University
According to the Automated Imaging Association (AIA), machine vision
encompasses all industrial and non-industrial applications in which a
combination of hardware and software provide operational guidance to
devices in the execution of their functions based on the capture and
processing of images. Though industrial computer vision uses many of
the same algorithms and approaches as educational and military
applications of computer vision, constraints are different. Industrial
vision systems demand greater robustness, reliability, and stability
compared with an academic vision system and typically cost much less
than those used in military applications. Therefore, industrial machine
vision implies low cost, acceptable accuracy, high robustness, high
reliability, and high mechanical, and temperature stability. Machine
vision inspection systems rely on digital sensors protected inside
industrial cameras with specialized optics to acquire images, so that
computer hardware and software can process, analyze, and measure
various characteristics for decision making. The proposed system
designed for repetitive inspection tasks. The desired machine vision
inspection system typically included an input source, optics, lighting, a
part sensor, a frame grabber, a PC platform, inspection software, digital
I/O and a network connection. Knowing that selection of reliable and
precise hardware components and an efficient and an effective software
are perhaps the most important part for the construction of an automatic
sorting and grading inspection system. This proposed system is
constructed with the help of Arduino based motors and digital sensor
modules and several software such as Arduino IDE, Droid Cam and
MATLAB are used for controlling hardware and dealing with inspection
and grading process. The working process of desired system is that
camera captures the live video of the fruit and detects it with the help of
a source code created with the help of MATLAB then fruit will be moved
through the color sensor which sense the color of fruit and gives output
to the RGB LED which gives presentable output to the end user. These
International Research Innovation, Invention & Solution Exposition (IRIISE 2018)
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sensors will work with the help of an Arduino microcontroller and
regulate by Arduino IDE software. The subsystem of the inspection and
grading system is based on servo motors which is used for sorting fruits
on the bases of image processing and color sensing done at primary
level. This proposed system provides the solutions that ensures the
grading of fruits on the bases of shape and color of specific fruit. The
design of the system is reliable for repeating inspection process also the
design is very effective and reliable for using at small industrial and
agricultural level because it is very cost effective due to the economical
maintenance, light material and portable design of the system. It is
energy efficient also because the entire system runs with the help of
microcontroller which needs small amount of current and voltage.
Keywords: Servo motor, Color sensing module, Microcontroller,
MATLAB, Arduino IDE
International Research Innovation, Invention & Solution Exposition (IRIISE 2018)
117
GREEN PERVIOUS CONCRETE DRAIN SLAB
Mahmood Soofinajafi, Soon Poh Yap University of Malaya
Concrete is the most common construction materials in the world. It is
fundamentally composed of 3 main ingredients: water, cement and
aggregates. With the expansion of urbanization and industrial culture,
many developing countries are under the constant threat of
environmental pollutions from construction industry, particularly the
construction and demolition wastes. These wastes are typically non-
degradable. Recycling and reusing of such materials as Recycled Coarse
Aggregate (RCA) to produce green concrete, presents the opportunity
for a sustainable solution with additional environmental benefits such as
landfill and pollution reductions. Studies had been conducted to apply
RCA in different types of concrete. This project presents a significant
utilization of RCA to fabricate pervious concrete for non-structural
application, that is as cover slabs in a residential building drainage.
Pervious concrete is a special concrete as it has high level of pores which
allows water to infiltrate. Some of the benefits of porous concrete are
controlling storm water runoff and restoring ground water supplies due
to its permeability. In addition, pervious concrete is having superior
properties such as acoustic absorption, heat and humidity regulation,
dynamic insulation and chemical filtration. But what specially separates
this material from other alternative options is its sustainability aspect.
Based on the research works conducted, in the production of the RCA
pervious concrete, RCA constitutes more than 90 percent of weight of
the final product. Such properties make this concrete very economical
and environmental friendly. It has been investigated that these produced
slabs have permeability of around 100 liters every 3 seconds. Moreover,
RCA pervious concrete is also lightweight, as a positive point, provides
a smoother transport and installation process. The high level of
permeability, next to high amounts of recycled material replacement and
finally the economical-friendliness of this green product makes it a very
appealing alternative for the future of construction and concrete
industries and a sustainable development.
International Research Innovation, Invention & Solution Exposition (IRIISE 2018)
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Keywords: Concrete, Pervious Concrete, Recycled Concrete Aggregate,
RCA, Green Technology, Sustainability
International Research Innovation, Invention & Solution Exposition (IRIISE 2018)
119
DEVELOPMENT OF PROBABILITY SAFETY
ASSESSMENT FOR PUSPATI TRIGA NUCLEAR
REACTOR TO ASSESS SYSTEM AND SAFE
OPERATION RELIABILITY
Mazleha Maskin1,2, Fedrick Charlie Brayon3, Ahmad Hassan Sallehudin
Mohd Sarif4 and Faizal Mohamed1, * 1 Science Nuclear Programme, School of Applied Physics, Faculty of
Science and Technology, University Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi,
Selangor. 2 Reactor Technology Center, Malaysian Nuclear Agency,
Bangi, Selangor. 3 Atomic Energy Licensing Board, Dengkil, Selangor. 4 University Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia, Batu Pahat, Johor.
*Corresponding author: [email protected]
A level-I probabilistic safety assessment (PSA) for Puspati TRIGA
nuclear reactor (RTP) has been develop. This includes a new list of
postulated initiating events, new several components reliability data and
a new development on plant-specific data procedure. Level-I PSA is
specifically a failure model of the plant, which at the same time
identifying accident progression scenario and estimating the likelihood
of the scenario. Results for a level-I PSA is quantitatively presented as
the core damage frequency (CDF). The main aim in this research is to
assess the risk or safety component reliability of RTP by using Level 1
PSA model and at the same time to develop procedures for analysing
plant-specific raw data. Accident sequences and system analysis were
modelled using small event trees and large fault trees approach using
Risk Spectrum® PSA software. Two sources of data were used, plant-
specific and generic data. And both data were treated using first-stage
Bayesian updates. The comprehensive analysis processes involved in
this study are: identification and selection of important IEs,
identification of core damage end-states, quantification of parameter
estimation for both initial IEs and components, modelling of accident
sequences and system analysis and development of a specific data
procedure. Two main research outputs generated in this study are: (1) a
complete step-by-step Level-1 PSA study for RTP; and (2) a procedure in
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collection, and interpretation, of specific information on component
failure events, abnormal occurrences, and plant operational history
consists of all related parameter estimation from the viewpoint of PSA
needs. Results from this study conclude; seven most probable IEs for
RTP were obtained using five systematic approaches and as a basis for
the development of seven ETs which consists of 172 cases. Four core
damage end-states were determined with most conservative
assumptions, 34 FTs and list of minimal cut sets (MCS) are among the
results from comprehensive studies mentioned earlier. In indicating how
important each basic event in FTs, importance analysis was concluded to
complement MCS-list. Finally, the value of interest, core damage
frequency (CDF) was estimated to be 9.99x10–5 per reactor year, which is
smaller than 10–4, as per recommended by the IAEA standard criterion
for PSA level-I. Procedures for developing specific raw data for a nuclear
research reactor were successfully developed. This study provides input
to decision makers on optimal strategies for reducing the levels of risk
and at the same time provide information on accident consequences
which will be imperative to operators if any abnormal events occurred.
The development of plant-specific raw data procedure and availability
of reliability data for specific systems components or basic events will
facilitate other nuclear research facilities in developing their own level-I
PSA as an important basis for conducting quantitative risk assessment
for such a complex facility.
Keywords: probabilistic safety assessment, internal initiating event,
PSA level-I, risk, assessment
International Research Innovation, Invention & Solution Exposition (IRIISE 2018)
121
E-SAVING CLASSROOM
Yeow Seuk Fei, Nadya Abdullah, Suziati Salleh, Mohamed Faisal Abdul
Waduth, Mohammad Emran Rusli
Faculty of Engineering and Life Sciences, Universiti Selangor, Jalan
Timur Tambahan, 45600 Bestari Jaya, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia
The operational cost for Universiti Selangor (UNISEL) Bestari Jaya
Campus is currently high. Electricity bill has been a major concern which
leads to the high operational cost in the campus. Electrical consumption
should be minimalized in order to reduce the high electricity bill.
Previously, all the air conditioners and lights in every classroom are
manually on and off. The proposed of E-saving classroom is to reduce
the unnecessary waste of electrical energy due to human factor. This E-
saving classroom will have a control mechanism that will automatically
on and off the electrical appliances in the classroom based on human
presence detected by PIR sensors. PIR sensors will sense human
presence and send the signal to the control panel which comprises of
contactors, timers and relays. The control panel is designed to switch on
electrical appliances in classroom by sequence to avoid high starting
current. The control panel is characterized by simple use, low
installation cost and available in both automatic and manual control
mechanism. Findings show that the implementation of E-saving
classroom managed to save 5.5% of electricity cost.
Keywords: energy saving, human factor, PIR sensors, automatic
control mechanism
International Research Innovation, Invention & Solution Exposition (IRIISE 2018)
122
FIELDWORK ASSESSMENT OF THERMAL
PERFORMANCE OF RUSK HUSK (RH) CLAY BRICK
MASONRY HOUSE MODEL USING INFRARED
THERMOGRAPHY (IRT)
Rafikullah Deraman, Abdul Halid Abdullah, Sasitharan Nagapan, Nor
Haslinda Abas & Muhammad Fikri Hasmori
Faculty of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Universiti Tun Hussein
Onn Malaysia (UTHM), Parit Raja, Batu Pahat. Johor, Malaysia
In Malaysia, 70% of energy consumption is used to cooling the indoor
environment for building occupants’ thermal comfort. The high-energy
consumption is mostly tied to the poor of one of the important
determinants of building energy usage, which is thermal performance of
the building envelope. Reducing energy consumption of buildings has
become vital, taking into considerations the limitation of conventional
energy resources and the adverse effects associated with the use of such
type of energy on the environment. Selecting proper thermal properties
of a building envelope plays a major role in determining the energy
consumption patterns and comfort conditions in enclosed spaces. To
enhance the energy efficiency of buildings, it is imperative that low
thermal conductivity brick materials need to be used. On the other side,
the massive production of agricultural wastes has increased every year.
In Malaysia, 1.44 million tons of agricultural wastes such as rice husk,
banana peel, empty fruit bunch, corn stalk and sunflower stalk are being
disposed into landfills annually. Consequently, the government has to
assign more hectares of land for the huge waste disposal, leading to
further financial losses deriving from transportation and maintenance.
Numerous studies have been conducted to identify the potential of
agricultural waste as suitable poring agents and low in thermal
conductivity used in the commercialization of building materials.
Recycling of waste generated from agricultural and industrial activities
as environmentally friendly building materials appears to be a viable
solution nowadays not only to curb pollution but also to address the
problem of economic design of buildings. The purpose of this research is
to extend investigation of the possible application of rice husk (RH)
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masonry brick as compared to common clay masonry brick with thermal
performance assessment over a period using infrared thermography
(IRT) and environmental tool an assessment of the effectiveness of RH
waste as an agent for brick thermal insulation. Two small-scale model
houses were built with size of 1800mm long x 1500m width x 2700mm
height complete with door and window ventilation each with different
masonry products. These house models were designed and developed
with RH waste clay bricks and with common clay brick (as control
brick). The model houses were monitored over the study location for the
period of time. Mini environmental quality meter and infrared
thermography camera were used to assess and record the thermal
performance of the wall which were include ambient temperature,
relative humidity, wind speed and surface temperature of the inside and
outside wall. Detailed analysis revealed that the developed RH masonry
model house was more thermally-resistant and cooler than common clay
brick masonry model house. The RH masonry house model minimizes
energy use through the reduction of surface temperature, indoor
ambient temperature and thus provides indoor comfort. The result of
this research indicates clearly that RH waste is a potential additive
material for thermal property enhancement of the building envelope.
This research contributes to the promotion of passive and low energy
building towards a sustainable construction and green building.
Keyword: Masonry house model, rice husk waste, clay brick, thermal
performance, Infrared Thermography (IRT)
International Research Innovation, Invention & Solution Exposition (IRIISE 2018)
124
DESIGN AND DEVELOPMENT OF PORTABLE
POWERPACK USING LITHIUM-ION BATTERIES AS
AN ALTERNATIVE ENERGY STORAGE DEVICE
Mohd Darnalis A Rahman; Mohd Azril Amil; Mohamad Hafiz Ismail;
Nurudin Habeed Settar; Sahrul Izwan Sarwadi ; Mohamed Faisal Abdul
Waduth.
Faculty of Engineering and Life Sciences, Universiti Selangor.
In the coming years, the world will greatly need energy supply due to
fast growth in the world population and aspiration of people for higher
standards of living. The conventional portable power generation system
mostly depends on carbon-based fuel which leads to a higher carbon
footprint and ecological pollution effect. This is a pilot project to enable
high-density power to be portable, affordable and to be used by
everyone to manage light power usages such as lighting, remote
monitoring system, etc. A portable power pack prototype is designed,
fabricated and tested. The basic of the system is a 12 V DC cells with the
capacity of 400 Wh which consist of 30 units of NCR18650B 3400 mAh
battery cells coupled with a 130 W output 240 V AC inverter. Which
enable a high energy density with a power to weight ratio of 200 Wh/kg.
A (3S5P) cell configuration are used to develop a single parallel module
power pack. Two modules are used in this portable power pack
prototype. Theoretically, this 400 Wh battery pack would be able to
power 5pcs 18 W 240 V AC light bulbs for 4 hours continuously or any
equivalent load. In the future, the power pack can be up-scale to fulfill
higher power needs. The application of this high-density portable power
pack is limitless especially to cater the portable electrical equipment and
the automotive industries. Furthermore, this system can be coupled with
the use of PV solar energy harvesting system from the sun will enable
the users to self-sustain their electric power and use this system in
remote locations off the grid.
Keywords: 18650 cells, portable powerpack, high density energy
storage, single parallel battery module.
International Research Innovation, Invention & Solution Exposition (IRIISE 2018)
125
DESIGN AND DEVELOPMENT OF ANIMATRONIC
ROBOTIC HAND
Nadya Abdullah, Mohamed Faisal Abdul Waduth, Yeow Seuk Fei,
Suziati Salleh, Mohammad Emran Rusli
Faculty of Engineering and Life Sciences, Universiti Selangor, Jalan
Timur Tambahan, 45600 Bestari Jaya, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia
An animatronic is a technique of making and operating life like robots or
being a puppet or similar figure that is animated by means of
electromechanical devices. A robot is a machine that functions in place
of a living agent. The concept of robotic hand will be implemented to
develop the animatronic robotic hand using wireless technology. The
design of animatronic robotic hand is done through CATIA software
and the main control board is developed using Arduino microcontroller.
It will receive voltage signals from the teaching robot via analog pins
using flex sensors and transforms the signals into position commands
for the motion of each joint on every fingers of the animatronic robotic
hand. The result shows that the model of animatronic robotic hand
mimics motion from the teaching robot. This animatronic robotic hand
has a commercial value in various fields like chemical industry, medical
application and manufacturing industries. As for social responsibility,
the animatronic robotic hand can be used as teaching and learning tools
for purpose of exposure to young generations.
Keywords: Animatronic, Arduino, Wireless technology
International Research Innovation, Invention & Solution Exposition (IRIISE 2018)
126
THE EFFECTS OF TIN SLAG PARTICLE SIZES ON
FIBRE-REINFORCED POLYMER STRENGTHENING
PERFORMANCE
Siti Safarah Amirnuddin1, Muhamad Faidzal Mohd1, Shukur Abu
Hassan1,2*, Balqis Omar3, Mohd Yazid Yahya1,2
1School of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti
Teknologi Malaysia,
81310 Johor Bahru, Johor, Malaysia 2Centre for Advanced Composite Materials (CACM), Universiti Teknologi
Malaysia, 81310
Johor Bahru, Johor, Malaysia 3School of Civil Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Teknologi
Malaysia, 81310
Johor Bahru, Johor, Malaysia
*Corresponding author: [email protected]
Tin slag is a waste product of tin smelting. Due to its radioactive content,
tin slag waste cannot be disposed off easily. In order to overcome this
current problem, researches for future applications of tin slag are being
carried out. For example, there are studies on tin slags being used either
as filler or aggregates replacement in polymer concrete and cement-
based
concrete. In addition, sustainable development in the construction
industry and conservation of natural resources require using recycled
and industrial by-products of all kinds in construction. The high silica
content of tin slag is expected to offer enhancement in compressive
strength for concrete in general. Thus, in this research, a series of
experimental studies of the tin slag polymer concrete (TSPC) were
carried out to investigate the effect of tin slag particle sizes on their
strengthening performance under compressive load. Carbon fibre-
reinforced polymer (CFRP) and glass fibre-reinforced polymer (GFRP)
were used as concrete wrapping materials. They significantly enhanced
the strength and ductility of concrete by forming perfect adhesive bond
between concrete and the wrapping material. In this study, tin slag
particles were classified into four different sizes. The raw of tin slag was
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127
sieved and mixed with unsaturated polyester resin using different
mixture weight ratio. Then, the samples were moulded and cured in
Poly Vinyl Chloride (PVC) tubes. After being wrapped with GFRP and
CFRP, the samples were loaded under compression using Instron 600
kN machine with loading rate of 1 mm/min in accordance to ASTM C
579-01. The parameters interactions were investigated. The test results
were then correlated with compressive strength, modulus and
deformation. The result shows that the tin slag from the type of semi fine
(1mm) is the best size to make a solid material for both wrapped by
CFRP and GFRP. This is due to its high compressive load and
compressive stress with a function of compressive extension. However,
from the results, sample SFCF is stronger and more rigid than SFGF due
to its compressive load and stress. This means that the different sizes of
tin slag particles and different wrapping materials influence the
mechanical properties of the sample. It was observed that the maximum
strength varied between the four sizes of particles confirming that the
size of tin slag has higher impact on the strength of the sample and the
CFRP has higher compressive load and stress with a function of
compressive extension compared to glass fibre, therefore the best to
improve the strength of the TSPC.
Keywords: Tin slag, Tin Slag Polymer Concrete, Fibre-Reinforced
Polymer, strengthening performance, compression
International Research Innovation, Invention & Solution Exposition (IRIISE 2018)
128
SELF-CLEANING MOBILE ULTRAFILTRATION UNIT
FOR CLEAN WATER SUPPLY
Mohd Azlan Hussain
University of Malaya
The objective of this project is to supply clean water, using Ultrafiltration
membrane technology, especially for rural areas. The system is also an
alternative technology to produce potable water for critically affected
villages during floods. The unit is a mobile system that can be
dispatched to any site in a very short time and is able to process
significant quantities of water ranging from 500-800L/h depending on
the quality of the raw water. It is also easy to maintain due to the
automatic cleaning concept and can use solar power to drive the system.
It is a compact unit with low energy consumption: It is a self-cleaning
unit which smartly adjusts the frequency of the backwash based on the
quality of the raw water. It is mobile, easy to operate, involves a plug-
and-play concept and can be operated by solar power. It can supply
about 800-1000 liters per hour continuously and is easy to be operated by
any personnel in the remote villages. It does not use any chemicals in its
operation which make it safe to be handled by the villagers. The
invention had been useful to supply clean water from floods water and
river during the big floods in Malaysia at the end of 2014. It is also at
present being used to supply water to rural areas and remote villages in
various parts of Malaysia (5 Villages at the moment) and a distributor
has also been appointed to market the product, which has great
commercial potential locally and internationally
International Research Innovation, Invention & Solution Exposition (IRIISE 2018)
129
IMMERSIVE TECHNOLOGY: OBSERVATORY
SELANGOR VR TOUR
Khalid bin Deris1, Mohd Fauzi bin Ali2, Mohd Azli bin Adnan3
1.2,3 Politeknik Sultan Idris Shah
Virtual reality (VR) content development in education has grown
steadily as Mobile Virtual Reality (Mobile VR) technology is becoming
increasingly affordable and quality user experience across mobile
platforms. This research is conducted to investigate the potential of
Mobile VR namely Observatory Selangor VR Tour in Malaysian
Polytechnics education. Observatory Selangor VR Tour explore the
Selangor Observatory building including learning material content
presented in a form of a tour guide exploring the area of astronomy
pioneered by Islamic intellectual figures. Observatory Selangor VR Tour
was introduced to inspire the interest to explore the Mobile VR
technology through Science & Technology in Islam and immersive
technology in information technology courses taken by the Malaysian
Polytechnics students. This study was conducted using Android
smartphone Apps with Google Daydream Head Mounted Displays
(HMD) to explore Virtual Reality (VR) environments. This study
discusses the development of Mobile VR application development using
Google VR and Unity 3D and investigate the students acceptance of
Mobile apps guided by the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM). A
sample of 52 students participated in a quantitative survey using
modified TAM instrument for this research and the data analyzed using
SPSS. The results conclude that the students positively accept the use of
Mobile VR technology into the Science & Technology in Islam and
immersive technology in information technology courses.
Keywords: Virtual Reality, education, Immersive VR, Technology Acceptance
Model (TAM), Android Apps
International Research Innovation, Invention & Solution Exposition (IRIISE 2018)
130
TURNING WASTE TO WEALTH FOR SUSTAINABLE
AND ENERGY EFFICIENT BUILDING
Iman Asadi, Norhayati Mahyuddin and Payam Shafigh
Center for Building,
Construction & Tropical Architecture (BuCTA), Faculty of Built
Environment,
University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
[email protected], [email protected], [email protected]
Palm oil industries have been contributing significantly towards the
country’s economy and increase standard of living among Malaysians.
However, it has also been identified as the major contributor for
discharging the largest pollution load throughout the country. Hence,
the utilization from this industrial waste is seen to be an option to reduce
the production cost of the building construction materials. In the current
scenario, around 40% of total energy consumption is attributed to the
building sectors. Most of energy losses is occurred through building
envelopes such as roofs and external walls. Therefore, increasing
thermal insulation properties is considered as one of the best methods to
reduce the heat gain into the buildings. Concrete is one of the most
widely used construction materials in building sectors. The amount of
heat transfer through conduction is directly related to the thermal
conductivity of concrete. By turning waste to wealth, the replacement of
coarse aggregate by Oil-Palm-Boiler Clinker (OPBC), as a local waste in
industry, is an innovative method to produce energy efficient and
environmental friendly concrete. Thermal conductivity and compression
strength measurement have been proved the potential application of
OPBC concrete. Also, energy simulation verifies the energy efficiency of
this material in building applications. The application of proposed
materials is not limited to the insulation partitions and also would be
used as a structural envelope due to its high strength.
Keywords: Oil palm boiler clinker-Thermal conductivity-Thermal
comfort- Energy efficiency
International Research Innovation, Invention & Solution Exposition (IRIISE 2018)
131
LOW COST AND SUSTAINABLE CONCRETE
PAVEMENT FOR TROPICAL REGIONS
Payam Shafigha,b, Mohammad Hashemic, Mahmood Soofinajafia,b
aDepartment of Building Surveying, Faculty of Built Environment,
University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia bCenter for Building, Construction & Tropical Architecture (BuCTA),
Faculty of Built Environment, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala
Lumpur, Malaysia cDepartment of Civil Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of
Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
[email protected]; [email protected];
Road development is important step for economic development. A
variety of materials may be applied for road pavement construction but
generally two types of road pavements namely asphalt and cement
concrete are used. Roller-compacted concrete pavement (RCCP) is a type
of non-reinforced concrete pavement placed with high density paving
equipment and then compacted with vibratory rollers. RCCP can be
constructed more quickly and cost-effectively than conventional concrete
or most asphalt pavements. It needs low maintenance, has high
durability with competitive cost. RCCPs are environmental friendly
materials due to possibility of contributing cementitious materials such
as fly ash and slag in the concrete mixture. Coarse aggregate is one of the
important constituent materials for making RCCP. However, after
Portland cement, coarse aggregate is the next major source of CO2
emission. For producing a green RCCP, oil palm shell (OPS), as an
agricultural solid waste from palm oil industry, was used as coarse
aggregate in the concrete mixture. It was found that although by
replacing conventional coarse aggregate by OPS compressive and
splitting tensile strengths reduced, however, RCCP incorporating OPS
could be successfully produced in tropical region where there is palm oil
industry which OPSs are abundantly available.
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Keywords: Roller-compacted concrete pavement; Oil palm shell;
Compressive strength, Tensile strength, Sustainable construction
material
International Research Innovation, Invention & Solution Exposition (IRIISE 2018)
133
ALGAL BIOPHOTOVOLTAIC (BPV) DEVICE FOR
GENERATION OF BIOELECTRICITY
Siew-Moi Phang1, Fong-Lee Ng1, Vengadesh Periasamy2, Cheng-Han
Thong1, Kian-Ted Chong1
1Institute of Ocean and Earth Sciences (IOES), University of Malaya,
50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia 2Low Dimensional Materials Research Centre (LDMRC), Department of
Physics, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
The exploitation of renewable energy sources for delivering carbon
neutral or carbon negative solutions has become challenging in the
current era, because conventional fuel sources are of finite origins. Algae
are being used in the development of biophotovoltaic (BPV) platforms,
which are used to harvest solar energy for bioelectricity generation.
Algae are amongst the most efficient photosynthetic organisms;
amenable to growth on a wide range of substrates, and have high
tolerance for pollutants and toxic compounds, and even environmental
factors like temperature and irradiance. In photosynthesis, light-driven
splitting of water occurs, releasing a pair of electrons and generating O2.
The electrons can be harvested and converted to bioelectricity. During
photosynthesis, algae consume carbon dioxide and release oxygen, while
producing biomass. Compared to other technologies for carbon
sequestration, algae offer economical, sustainable and environmental-
friendly carbon reducing systems. The Algal Biophotovoltaic Device
(BPV) has evolved from the earliest prototype. Next generations of the
BPV had improved power outputs though use of new materials like
reduce graphene oxide (rGO), carbon paper and alginate-immobilised
algal biofilms. We identified suitable algal strains from the University of
Malaya Algae Culture Collection (UMACC), that grew well in both
inorganic culture medium as well as in palm oil mill effluent (POME),
fixed carbon into useful biomass that contained useful lipids, and
simultaneously generated bioelectricity. The power output from the
Algae BPV has increased from the earliest value of 0.13 mW m-2 to 0.27
mW m-2 with rGO and finally to 0.45 mW m-2 using carbon paper
anode and POME.
International Research Innovation, Invention & Solution Exposition (IRIISE 2018)
134
SMART IOT METERING SYSTEM (SIMS) AS AN
INTEGRATED TOOL FOR SUSTAINABLE ENERGY
CONSUMPTION
Nasrin Aghamohammadi, Chng Saun Fong, Logaraj Ramakreshnan,
Mohammad Reza Khosravi, Saeid Alizadeh, Nik Meriam Nik Sulaiman
University of Malaya
Recently, the use of Internet of Things (IoT) has grown rapidly in the
sense that it can identify, control, and monitor a network of devices such
as software, sensors and actuators that are connected to the internet. This
system of interrelated physical computing devices is widely utilized in
many applications for the enhancement and improvements via deep
machine learning. In the context of energy system, IOT allows the
exchange of data and commands which facilitates the potential
enhancement in efficiency which contribute to the improvement in
power supply reliability in future. By doing so, it is able to monitor and
analyse the consumption pattern and schedule the energy usage for the
maximization of the efficiency of electrical appliances. In the current
study, a Smart IOT Metering System (SIMS) was proposed to monitor
the energy consumption and to detect energy anomalies from Heating,
Ventilation and Air Conditioning (HVAC) as well as lighting appliances
in the selected zones at KDU College located in Damansara Jaya,
Selangor. The Kaizen methodology is adopted to SIMS for continuous
improvement in the energy system. Split core Current Transformer (CT)
sensors were installed at each critical endpoints for the continuous
monitoring of power usage in each main sectors. The consumption
pattern and anomalies in the energy system is observed for two months
through continuous data monitoring. A complete analysis was done by
extracting big data from the unified cloud-based monitoring system. A
Smart Controlling System is applied to adjust different plug-in devices
using feedback loops. As a result, electricity consumption per hour
showed an immediate reduction of 30% from 4.137 kW/h in April 2017 to
2.982 kW/h in Aug 2017 after the optimization. Besides that, the
maximum power usage per hour in May 2017 (7.318 kW/h) drop about
50% to 3.560 kW/h in the following month after implementing the
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optimization while maintaining the same utility pattern of electrical
appliances. Hence, it is evident that the implementation of SIMS has
brought positive implication towards the energy efficiency at KDU
College in a short period of six months. The advanced SIMS could be the
best means towards sustainable energy consumption which can be
indirectly translated into the reduction of carbon dioxides emissions and
operating cost while maximizing utility profit in the field of energy.
International Research Innovation, Invention & Solution Exposition (IRIISE 2018)
136
METHODS FOR CONVERTING NUMERICAL TEXT
FORMAT INTO LEXICAL
Yaser Darwesh, Mumtaz Begum Binti Peer Mustafa, Tawseef Khan
University of Malaya
For enabling a text-to-speech system to synthesize speech with a high
degree of intelligibility and naturalness, the system must be able to deal
with non-lexical inputs such as numbers. As numbers come in a variety
of format, converting numbers to lexical is difficult. The inability
of accurately converting numbers to lexical, negatively affect the
intelligibility of synthesized speech. We are proposing a unique semi-
automated method for predicting and converting a variety of numbers
format from text into its appropriate lexical form so as to increase the
intelligibility of synthesized speech. The First part of the proposed
method is to accumulate large number of sentences containing numbers
from the target language. The main source for the accumulation process
is the web-based sources such as web-sites, Face-books and Twitter
messages. The sentences are processed to only include numbers and its
related formats. Upon the preparation of the large numerical text corpus,
the number format needs to be classified according to the respective
format. The labelling of the number format is made using semi-
automated way with the help of specially developed tool. Each number
data can only be classified as one type of format. The main aim of this
stage is provide a suitable label for the number format corpus. The
number format corpus and its related labels are used for performing
training using machine learning SVM algorithm. The algorithm learns to
discriminate the number format of the corpus using the related labels
prepared in 2.0. The outcome of the training process is a set of vectors
that relate the numbers, and its immediate previous and next symbols or
lexical data. The vectors developed during the training process are used
to predict the numerical formats and the numbers is then converted into
its lexical format using the standard NLP.
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137
SMART SPEECH TRAINING PLATE
Fatanah M.Suhaimi1, Nur Fatehah Mat Shakur1, Syatirah Mat Zin1, Siti
Noor Fazliah Mohd Noor1
1Craniofacial and Biomaterials Sciences Cluster, Advanced Medical and
Dental Institute, Universiti Sains Malaysia
Electropalatography (EPG) is a medical instrument used to analyze the
contact pattern between the hard palate and the tongue. EPG is usually
used to determine the speech disorder amongst cleft patient, Down's
syndrome, etc. Additionally, EPG is also used for correcting the speech
problem. During the speech recording, the subject will be asked to wear
an artificial palate also known as the Reading palate, which consists of
62 silver electrodes. The silver electrodes will produce a signal and send
it to the computer. The signals is processed in real-time during the
articulation, and contact pattern between the tongue and hard palate is
generated. However, before wearing Reading palate subjects were asked
to wear training plate. Training plate is a tool used to accommodate
tongue and allow the subjects to become accustomed to an unfamiliar
object in the mouth before wearing the Reading palate of EPG. Subjects
usually asked to wear training plate at least four hours per day before
EPG recording. Training plate is generally made from an acrylic resin
and has Adam wire around the upper teeth. Adam wire is used to
ensure the training plate retain in place. The use of training plate affects
the accuracy of EPG results. The speech pattern often fails to be accurate
because of the subject unable to speak normally during the recording.
Besides, therapists unable to monitor whether the subject has worn the
training plate as instructed. The objective of this study is to design a new
training plate with automatic detection during the usage. The new
training plate is fabricated from an acrylic resin, containing a touch
sensor and temperature sensor exposed to the lingual surface. Adam
clasps were embedded around first permanent molar teeth in retaining
the new training plate in place. The new design of training plate able to
detect human body temperature and contact between tongue and hard
palate. A temperature sensor is used to detect the body temperature
wheres touch sensor is used to identify the connection between tongue
and hard palate. The new training plate used an electronic system for
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detecting the usage. Data of the usage will be displayed on a screen
monitor as a digital signal representing whether there is a contact
between tongue and hard palate. Additionally, data capture can be
transferred to a receiver via Bluetooth module and can be accessed in
real-time. Data also can be saved and retrieved for future reference.
Thus, the new training plate will help the therapist to obtain more
accurate and useful result since it will ensure the compliance of the
training plate usage. In conclusion, using the new system therapist can
monitor the usage of the training plate and therefore suggest a treatment
plan for speech therapy session according to the plate usage.
Keyword: Smart Training Plate, Electropalatography, Compliance
device, Speech
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CATEGORY C
Life Sciences & Medicine
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140
LASER-DRIVEN HOT NEEDLE FOR TISSUE
CAUTERIZATION AND PERCUTANEOUS
HYPERTHERMIA CANCER THERAPY
Hani Hareiza binti Abd Raziff, Daryl Tan, Kok-Sing Lim, Yin-How
Wong, Chai-Hong Yeong, Nurul Asha Mohd-Nazal, Harith Ahmad
Cancer has become a major economic and societal burden. The National
Cancer Registry of Malaysia (NCR) estimates that one in four Malaysian
(1:4) will develop cancer by the age of 75. This project aims to develop a
prototype named “Laser ablation needle” for tissue cauterization and
percutaneous hyperthermia cancer therapy. The project encompasses the
development of a fiber based laser-driven hot needle that serves two
clinical purposes: tissue cauterization during biopsy procedure and
hyperthermia therapy for various types of cancer such as liver, lung,
kidney, osteoblastoma and thyroid cancers. Our ultimate goal is to
develop a highly flexible, operator-friendly and cost-effective laser
ablation needle for tissue cauterization and hyperthermia cancer
therapy, hence to improve the overall cancer survival rate and quality of
life among the cancer patient population. In the fabrication, optical fibers
which commonly used in medical applications with a diameter of 800
μm (equivalent to 36 AWG) was used for laser delivery. The optical fiber
was embedded inside a biocompatible resin-made needle and connected
to a 450 nm high power blue laser diode. A Fiber Bragg Grating (FBG)
temperature sensor was incorporated in the needle for real-time
temperature monitoring and control. Focal hyperthermia produced by
the laser-driven hot needle was applied to the soft tissue-equivalent
thermal sensitive acrylamide phantom. A blue thermochromic dye
(TCD) was added to the phantom for the visualization of thermal
ablation process. The temperature rise was recorded by varying the laser
power. The rise in temperature was recorded by increasing laser power.
The temperature profile was obtained at each depth. These preliminary
results suggest that this technique can be applied safely and effectively
for cancer treatment. The developed prototype comprised of the diode
laser showed that it can deliver its energy via simple optical fiber. This
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laser is cheaper and much smaller than the conventional high power
lasers used in other studies.
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MEDIPIPER WOUND-GARD
Hartini Yusofa, Mohamad Azlan Abd Majidb, Reena Leeba Richardb,
Teoh Teow Chingc & Muhammad Aiman Abdul Halima aCentre of Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Health Sciences,
Universiti Teknologi MARA, Puncak Alam Campus, 42300 Bandar Puncak
Alam, Selangor, Malaysia. bDepartment of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya,
50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. cInstitute of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya,
50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
Since the beginning of civilization, botanical remedies had been an integral
part throughout the world, particularly for medical reasons. Nonetheless, to
date, various commercial drugs had been combined with herbal plants.
However, with the newer technological advancement, these natural-based
approaches had steadily lost its ground to the influence of synthetic
medicine. Fortunately, most Asian countries are still integrating traditional
medicine into their health care treatment, especially in wound management.
Wound infection signifies the localized injury, excavation of the skin or
underlying soft tissue. The open wound may enable penetration of
pathogenic organisms as the wound area provides a suitable condition for
microbial growth. If left untreated, the infection may result in inflammation
and tissue damage that leads to the decreasing rate during the healing
process, and for severe cases, may lead to death. Despite various drugs
feasible to the consumers, scientists and researchers are in agreement that
over-used medicine may cause resistance of certain common organisms.
Due to the emergence of multi-resistant organisms and harsh chemical
content of numerous products available, MediPiper Wound-Gard had been
developed for wound treatment and promote healing. This set comprised of
gel and antiseptic spray. This product is mainly derived from fresh leaves
extract of Piper sarmentosum (P. sarmentosum) or locally known as ‘Kaduk’. P.
sarmentosum can be easily grown in tropical and subtropical countries,
notably in Malaysia. Globally, the herbal plant has been used traditionally to
treat various diseases and ailments, besides being consumed. Each part of
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the plant (i.e. fruits, roots, leaves, stems, aerial parts) contained various
bioactive compounds such as alkaloid and amide. Laboratory data indicate
that P. sarmentosum was effective against a variety of common pathogens
such as Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (P.
aeruginosa), and Candida albicans (C. albicans). The antimicrobial activity of
crude methanolic leaves extract was then evaluated using disc diffusion and
microdilution broth method. The extract was further screened for the
presence of phytochemical compounds such as glycosides, alkaloids,
phenolics, flavonoids, and terpenoids. Besides, liquid chromatography-mass
spectrometry (LC-MS) analysis was also incorporated to further determine
the bioactive compounds from the leaves extract. In conclusion, this product
will be an alternative to more advanced wound products that are available
in the market. The experimental findings further support other previous
studies and strengthen the current data on the efficiency of the leaves
extract, hence, providing a baseline for future studies on other plants.
Furthermore, the product development from P. sarmentosum enables us to
improve the quality of innovation, thus, supporting the sustainable growth
of plant materials as a primary source of health care.
Keywords: Piper sarmentosum; wound; antimicrobial activities;
phytochemical screening; liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-
MS)
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PIPERLISS CARE FOR BABY
Mohamad Azlan Abd Majida, Hartini Yusofb, Reena Leeba Richarda,
Teoh Teow Chingc & Mardhiah Ahmadb aDepartment of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya,
50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. bCentre of Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Health Sciences,
Universiti Teknologi MARA, Puncak Alam Campus, 42300 Bandar Puncak
Alam, Selangor, Malaysia. cInstitute of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya,
50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
With the ever-increasing choices of products in the market coupled with
competitive prices posed a major impact towards the consumers. In recent
years, information can be obtained easily through social and mass media,
hence, parents are now paying extra attention on reading and
understanding the labels before purchasing a particular good. However,
with the current economic downturn as well as budget cuts, consumers are
now opting for cheaper products and had since neglected the importance of
obtaining quality products, particularly for their babies. Even researchers
and scientists are concerned with the chemical content of the products that
may cause impact on babies’ development. Several harsh chemical
substances that had been publicly known to cause a long-term effect that
includes parabens (e.g. methyl, propyl, butyl and ethyl paraben) and
sodium lauryl sulfate (SLS). These chemicals are commonly found in
cosmetics, toiletries and even products for babies. Besides, the products are
not only harmful towards the user but also can cause considerable impact to
the environment. Therefore, it is vital for parents to limit their baby’s
exposure to harmful chemicals as it can be easily absorbed into the body
and potentially affecting their cells growth and function. This alarming
concern had led us to develop Piperliss Care for Baby that further comprised
of baby wipes, baby oil, head-to-toe wash, nappy balm and eczema cream
that contained non-toxic antimicrobial agent. The increasing awareness on
herbal remedies as an alternative had raised major interest in the
development of this product as it derived from fresh, pure Piper
sarmentosum (P. sarmentosum) leaves that are easily grown throughout the
region. The plant had been studied extensively over the years and had been
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known to contain antibacterial, antiprotozoal, antifungal, antipsychotic,
antituberculosis, antimalarial, antioxidant, hypoglycaemic, and insecticidal.
Besides its’ therapeutic properties, this herb has also been widely used for
traditional treatment. The methanolic crude extract of P. sarmentosum leaves
had also undergone several tests to determine the antimicrobial activities
against several bacterial strains that are the common cause of skin
infections. In addition, phytochemical screening and liquid
chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) analyses were also employed
to further identify compounds contained from the leaves. Furthermore, this
product also moistures the skin, prevents any redness or skin irritation, and
suitable for babies with or without eczema. In summary, herbal remedies
had been deemed a better replacement for modern medicine, hence, Piperliss
Care for Baby has the potential to be marketed due to its natural content and
its effectiveness in combating skin infections while still maintaining babies’
healthy, soft skin. The available data from this study will also attempt to
bridge the current literature and traditional knowledge for researchers to
further validate the claims, thus, providing potential development of a
natural-based approach to be accepted for the betterment of mankind.
Keywords: Piper sarmentosum; babies; antimicrobial activities;
phytochemical screening; liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-
MS)
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146
3-DERMATIX: HERBAL PRODUCTS MADE FROM
GAMAL (GLIRICIDIA SEPIUM) LEAVES FOR PET
HEALTH SKIN
Dahliatul Qosimah, Dhita Evi Aryani, Dwi Retnoningsih
Universitas Brawijaya, Indonesia
The higher incidence of skin diseases in pets caused by infections of
microorganisms and parasites and open wounds that until now the
treatment is still through chemical drugs with high price and allow the
microorganisms to be resistant and long-term effects can cause the skin
becomes dry and immunosuppressive in the body. In addition, the
available drugs generally contain antibiotics, antifungal and
corticosteroids that are specific and cannot be used to overcome various
skin health problems. Many skin diseases that are zoonotic, so need a
quick and complete treatment. Skin diseases often appear depending on
the season, environment and animal immune system. This product is
based on herbal and fortified vitamin E that has been proven through
scientific studies with no side effects on animals. The cure rate is
relatively faster than the existing product which is about 3-10 days
depending on the extent and severity of the disease. The products we
offer are topical preparations in the form of oils that are applied by
dripping on the wounded skin. The volume of product per bottle is 10
ml which can be given 2 until 3 times a day and it is expected that 1
bottle can be used within 1 until 2 weeks. Components of raw materials
used are gamal leaf; Galangal; VCO and Vitamin E. Combination of
several plants that have the effect of curing skin diseases caused by
parasites such as scabies and lice, bacteria, viruses or fungi (ringworm)
as well as for sterile open wounds. Another benefit of this herbal
product is to accelerate the growth of animal hair and safe if entered or
ingested in animal body. Usually Gamal is used as an insecticide and
natural pesticide and scabies, because it contains triterpenoid saponin
and glikosida flavonol. In animals used for animal feed because of high
coarse fiber. Galangal (Alphinia galangal) contains essential oils such as
1,8-cineole (28.4%), a-fenchyl acetate (18.4%), camphor (7.7%), methyl
(E)-cinnamate (4.2%) and guaiol (3.3% ), used for inflammation, and
infection. VCO (Virgin coconut oil) has moderate chain saturated fatty
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acid content such as lauric acid and good for softening the skin, open
wounds and improve the immune system as well as anti
microorganisms. While vitamin E is an antioxidant to counteract free
radicals and accelerate cell reepithelization. Until now, patent search of
topical medication using combination formula of gamal leaf, galangal,
VCO and Vitamin E for skin does not yet available. The product has
potential market with natural ingredients and affordable prices making
the product have a broad market segment. These products can be
marketed through pharmacies, shops, animal hospitals and animal
lover’s communities. The community can obtain skin health products in
one package of products with various kinds of properties. Society can
save costs and time for the treatment of animal skin disorders and assist
the government in diversification of health products for the treatment of
zoonotic diseases.
Keywords: Dermatitis, Pet animal, Herbal, Topical, Zoonosis,
Marketable
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148
STUDY ON THE EFFECT OF ENTADA SPIRALIS
EXTRACT (AKAR SINTOK) ON SELECTED SKIN
INFECTION CAUSING BACTERIA
Raihanah Hasaniah Abdullah , Risyawati Mohamed Ismail
Halal Science Laboratory, Asian Halal Institute, School of Technology
Management & Logistics, Universiti Utara Malaysia ,
06010 Sintok kedah.
During ancient time, plants were used by our ancestors to survive and to
obtain remedies in order to treat their diseases. The World Health
Organization (WHO) reported that 80% of the people worldwide are
wholly or partially dependent on plant-based drugs or herbal medicine.
Entada spiralis Ridl is studied this research due to lack of investigation
done on it despite used by the older generation as soaps and shampoo.
In this study, two bacteria which are Staphylococcus aureus and
Streptococcus pyogenes were tested against Sintok extract. Result showed
the antibacterial ability of Sintok extract that was promising enough for
it to be converted to organic personal care products for public use.
Keywords: skin infection, plant extract, antibacterial activity
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149
MIKANIA TEA
NATURE’S IMMUNITY BOOSTER, CALM AND RICH
WITH VITAMIN C
1,2Sarimah Mat Nawi, 1,2Nurhafizah Ibrahim, 1Nurkhairul Bariyah
Baharun , 2Mizaton Hazizul Hasan, 2NorAmlizan Ramli 1Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Engineering and Life
Sciences, Universiti Selangor, 2Faculty of Pharmacy, Pharmaco-
Toxicology Research Laboratory, Cawangan Selangor, Kampus Puncak
Alam, 42300 Puncak Alam, Malaysia
Mikania Tea is a herbal tea made from dried leaves of Mikania micrantha.
The leaves of this plant have been proven scientifically to boost energy
and your immune system. Mikania micrantha have been found to have
many beneficial properties such as antioxidant, antimicrobial, anti
inflammatory, anti stress and also anti diabetic activities. The astringent
taste of the tea is due to the presence of tannins that have many
therapeutic benefits. Together with lemon that is rich with vitamin C,
Mikania Tea gives our body natural soothing quality for stress relieve
and prevent exhaustion in a tea bag. To produce Mikania Tea which is
safe and a booster for immune system that helps in reducing
inflammation and improves quality of life. The stage of innovation of
Makania Tea starts with the standardized extraction process of M.
micrantha leaves. The extract was screened for antioxidant activities (total
phenolic contents, DPPH and metal chelating assys). Next, the toxicity
studies was carried out to ensure safety of the product. Subsequently,
product development was conducted with the addition of lemon extract
into a prototype. M. micrantha ethanolic leaves extract (MELE) cell
viability test (MTT assay) showed low cytotoxic effect after 24, 48 and 72
h incubation (IC50 233.97±12.74, 237.09±10.29 and 188.34±10.29µg/ml).
MELE was found to contain 10.91±4.82 mg/g of Pyrogallol and 360 ± 6.56
mg/g for Gallic acid and 228±8.14 mg/g. Makania Tea has beneficial
effect on health as it is rich with antioxidants that could boost energy
and immune systems and reduce inflammation. Thus suggesting
Mikania micrantha a potential plant to be further investigated for future
nutraceutical product.
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Keywords: Mikania micrantha, Mikania tea, antimicrobial, anti-
inflammatory.
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151
ePROFILER S SERIES: FULLY ELECTRONIC SENSOR
FOR NUCLEIC ACIDS AND PROTEINS
Vengadesh Periasamy
Introducing a paradigm shift in the field of molecular biology, the
eProfiler S series, for the first time, provides the user with various solid-
state parameters to electronically fingerprint nucleic acids and proteins
with applications in medical diagnostics, pathology, etc. Lack of a
quantitative tool to analyze nucleic acids and proteins is one of the major
obstacles in molecular biology. This hand-held device enables rapid and
sensitive detection of pathogens within a few minutes without the need
for laboratory-based equipment and preparations. Applying this device
for detection of diseases does not require technical expertise and it is
designed to be an affordable diagnostic method. Any user can connect
this device to a phone or computer and the electronic data will be stored
in a virtual/cloud database. This novel device can open a new window in
studying disease progression, mechanism of damage and repair in
molecular biology, drug discovery, diagnostic and pathology by
acquiring and characterizing electronic signals from isolated/purified
DNA/RNA/protein as well as whole cells.
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152
COMPARISON STUDY ON NUTRITIONAL VALUE
BETWEEN 2 VARIETIES OF MOMORDICA
COCHINCHINENSIS GROWN IN MALAYSIA
Risyawati Mohamed Ismail, Raihanah Hasaniah Abdullah
Halal Science Laboratory, Asian Halal Institute, School of Technology
Management & Logistics, Universiti Utara Malaysia ,
06010 Sintok kedah.
Gac fruit (Momordica cochinchinensis) is found throughout the Southeast
Asian region from South China to Northeastern Australia. Gac is notable
for its densely orange fruit containing rich contents of beta-
carotene and lycopene. Historically, gac has been used as food and
traditional medicine. Typical of orange-colored plant foods, gac fruit and
seed oil contain high contents of carotenoids, particularly vitamin A,
beta-carotene and lycopene. If marketed on its high content of beta-
carotene and lycopene, gac extracts may be sold as a dietary supplement
in soft capsules or included in a juice blend. However despite being
dubbed as the fruit from heaven, little research and commercialization
was done on the fruit, especially in Malaysia. This research attempts to
study the dietary content of 2 variations of Gac fruit available in
Malaysia and further explore the value of it in our food supply chain. At
the end of the research we hope to produce high impact products that
would be beneficial to the community.
Keywords: Nutritional value, gac , food nutrition
International Research Innovation, Invention & Solution Exposition (IRIISE 2018)
153
CATHARANTHUS ROSEUS-SILVER
NANOPARTICLES: A DUAL TARGETING
ANTICANCER APPROACH
Nor Hazwani Ahmad, Nur Asna Azhar, Siti Zulaikha Ghozali
Universiti Sains Malaysia
A tremendous progress in nano oncology has provided promising
therapeutic strategies due to the unique characteristics of nanomaterials
such as high surface area, high efficiency and selective effects.
Biosynthesised silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) using plants is preferable
compared to physical, chemical and other biological methods since the
natural active compounds present in plants may serve as stabilising,
reducing and synergistic agents. AgNPs were synthesised using
standardised Catharanthus roseus (C. roseus) aqueous extract, followed
by its optimisation and characterisation. LC-TOF ion trap MS detected
fourteen indole alkaloids in C. roseus aqueous extract. The average size
obtained was 31 nm with spherical shape. Zeta potential analysis
exhibited value at -16.8 mV and FTIR has revealed chemical properties
present in C. roseus-AgNPs. XRD analysis indicated the C. roseus-
AgNPs were in face-centered cubic structure. The C. roseus-AgNPs have
inhibited the proliferation of various human cancer cell lines,
particularly on hepatocellular carcinoma with various IC50 values.
There was no IC50 value for normal hepatocellular THLE-3. The
mechanism of cell death in cancer cells was due to apoptosis associated
with cell cycle arrest. Further detailed cytotoxicity study on HepG2 cell
line has shown remarkable changes of the amount of reactive oxygen
species, nitric oxide and depolarisation of mitochondrial membrane
potential. The findings have provided a better understanding of the
mechanism of C. roseus-AgNPs, suggesting its dual effects in inhibiting
the proliferation of cancer cells but on the other hand sparing the normal
cells. The potent and selective properties of C. roseus-AgNPs are
potentially to be considered as an ideal anticancer agent.
Keywords: silver nanoparticles; Catharanthus roseus; anticancer
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154
CATEGORY C
Natural Sciences
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155
BIOMATERIALS FOR PHOTOVOLTAIC MODULE
A.K. Arof, M.H. Buraidah, L.P. Teo, H.J. Woo, Shahan Shah
Centre for Ionics University of Malaya, Physics Department,
Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur,
Malaysia.
*Corresponding author: [email protected]
Photovoltaic cell is basically a device that can harvest sunlight and
convert it into electricity. Currently, the commonly available
photovoltaic panels that can be found in households are basically made
of silicon-based solar cells. This project aims to develop low cost yet
efficient photovoltaic module based on dye-sensitized solar cells
(DSSCs). DSSCs offer a greener and low cost alternative to the available
silicon-based solar cells since they are much cheaper and do not require
single crystal materials for their operation. DSSC are made up of
transparent conducting oxide glass coated with fluorine-doped tin oxide,
titanium dioxide and sensitizing agent as photoanode, polymer based
gel electrolyte and platinum counter electrode. The sensitizer can be
either natural or synthetic dyes. Biodegradable polymer electrolytes
have been employed for application in DSSCs to make them more
enviromental friendly. Phthaloylchitosan was prepared by modifying
the biopolymer chitosan using the method of phthaloylation. Custom-
made photovoltaic module with special design has been developed and
at the present stage of study is able to produce suitable power for
operating small decorative items and electronic components such as
calculator, light emitting diode (LED) etc. Two patents have been filed
and several ISI peer-reviewed publications have been published.
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156
POTENTIAL CATHODE MATERIALS IN LITHIUM-
ION BATTERY (LIB)
Abdul Kariem mohd arof, Mohd Zieauddin Kufian, Mr. Ahmad Syahmi
Abdul Rahim, Teo Li Ping
Centre for Ionics University of Malaya, Faculty of Science, University of
Malaya
LiCoO2 (lithium cobalt oxide) is widely used in the cathode of lithium-
ion batteries. LiCoO2 electrode gave a theoretical capacity of 274
mAhg�1, but in fact, only 50% of the Li (lithium) can be extracted
(∼140 mAhg�1) when charged to 4.2 V. LiCoO2 is also highly
toxic and expensive. To replace LiCoO2 without sacrificing the
performance of battery, researchers come out with LiMn2O4 (lithium
manganese oxide). The cost of Mn (manganese) is less than 1% of that of
Co (cobalt) & it is less toxic. Batteries with LiMn2O4 cathode can be
charged up to 4.6 V with capacity of 148 mAhg�1. LiMn2O4 has been
prepared using sol-gel technique. LiOH.H2O (lithium hydroxide
monohydrate) & Mn(CH3COO)2.4H2O (manganese acetate) have been
the choice of starting materials and tartaric acid as chelating agent. We
have compared the cycling performance of battery that use LiMn2O4
produced by sol gel process with commercial one. LiMn2O4 produced
by sol gel process gave the better lithium ion battery performance. From
the results, it is found that the particle size of LiMn2O4 affect the
discharge capacity performance. The particle size of the commercially
available LiMn2O4 is 0.5 μm (manufacture�s database) & that of
sol gel LiMn2O4 was in the 124-185 nm range (HR-TEM.
Keywords: LiMn2O4, cathode, Lithium-eIon Battery (LIB), sol gel
method
International Research Innovation, Invention & Solution Exposition (IRIISE 2018)
157
PHOTOCATALYTIC WATER SPLITTER: A NEW
DAWN FOR THE HYDROGEN ECONOMY
Nur Azimah Abd Samad, Chin Wei Lai*, Mohd Rafie Johan
Nanotechnology & Catalysis Research Centre (NANOCAT),
Level 3 Block A, Institute of Graduate Studies,
50603 Kuala Lumpur, MALAYSIA
*Email: [email protected]
Behind the rapid development of social, economic, and technology,
energy becomes more straint in the future. A global warming
devastation occurs from time to time and is becoming severe in the 21st
century. Therefore, abrupt climate change happens around the world.
These driving forces lead the reserachers to reduce the greenhouse effect
and environmental protection with presenting creative ideas.
Photocatalytic water splitter is a new dawn for the hydrogen economy.
Solar-powered water splitting system is a key target for the development
of sustainable hydrogen economy for future energy system. This
prototype is promoting a single water splitting system to generate
hydrogen gas with its feedstock; water. The system consists of controller
for water level, reaction temperature, stirring speed, and solar power to
generate hydrogen gas. Basically, the photoanode could be a
semiconductor material and photocathode is platium foil. The
semiconductor photoanode could function either from electric supply or
solar energy to create electron in external circuit and H/O ions in water.
Finally, H ions will combine at photocathode to form hydrogen gas.
However, further modification on the photoanode has been done to
overcome several drawbacks of existing photoanode, including poor
visible light absorption and high recombination losses of charge carrier.
Generally, less than 1% of second material coated on main photoanode
and subsequently heat treated at optimum temperature demonstrated a
maximum photocurrent density approximately 20.0 mA/cm2 (~1.5 %
photoconversion efficiency) under UV ray and approximately 15.0
mA/cm2 (~2.0 % photoconversion efficiency) under visible light. This
International Research Innovation, Invention & Solution Exposition (IRIISE 2018)
158
performance was approximately 3 times higher than the existing
photoanode. The presence of second material in existing photoanode
(below 1 at%) showed an improvement of photocurrent density and
photoconversion efficiency because it acted as an effective mediator to
trap the photo-induced electrons and minimize the recombination of
charge carriers.
Keywords: Photocatalytic water splitting, Solar, UV, Hydrogen
International Research Innovation, Invention & Solution Exposition (IRIISE 2018)
159
DEVELOPMENT OF SIMILARITY BASED MODELING
TECHNIQUE TO SUPPORT INTEGRATED
RECREATIONAL LAKE WATER QUALITY
MANAGEMENT
Bashirah Fazli1, Aziz Shafie1*, Noormaliza Noordin2, Nasehir Khan E.M
Yahaya3 and Ainhoa González Del Campo4 1Department of Geography, Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences,
University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
Email: [email protected] 2 Environment, Lake and Wetland Division, Block D
Perbadanan Putrajaya, Presint 3, 62675 Putrajaya
Phone: +603-88877146 Fax: +603-88875028
Email: [email protected] 3National Hydraulic Research Institute of Malaysia (NAHRIM),
Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment,
Jalan Putra Permai, 43300, Seri Kembangan, Selangor, Malaysia.
Email: [email protected]
Phone:+603-89476599 Fax: +603-89483044 4School of Geography, University College Dublin, Dublin 4, Ireland
Email: [email protected]
*Corresponding author: [email protected]
Changes of spatial structure within close proximity to recreational lakes
due to urban expansion and demographic increase have positive
influences on water quality impairment. The lentic nature of lakes makes
them more vulnerable to anthropogenic impacts; thus requiring
comprehensive data and consistent water quality monitoring to manage
them in a sustainable manner. Recreational lakes in Malaysia no longer
serve the purposes of gathering storm water runoff, flood controls, a
place for a community to get together or a tourist attraction only. Due to
recent climate factors which lead to prolonged dry spells that affect
normal water distribution from the reservoir, the government has been
looking at the potential of tapping water from recreational lakes as an
alternative for the highly populated states and territories in Malaysia
such as Selangor and Kuala Lumpur. The challenges for sustainable
International Research Innovation, Invention & Solution Exposition (IRIISE 2018)
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water quality management of recreational lakes in Malaysia however,
are due to severe data limitation, no formation of regular water quality
monitoring programme and segregated catchment planning. The
objective of this research is to highlight the application of similarity-
based technique as the best alternative for integrated lake water quality
management in the absence of data or under the circumstances of
serious data limitation and financial constraints of continuous lake water
quality sampling and monitoring. To achieve the aim of this research,
spatial modeling methods had been carried out by using similarity
approaches, via buffer tools and near analysis within the domain of
distance based instead of the usual DEM based. Although the negative
impacts of human land use activities on lake water quality are well
documented, the significant impact of land use based on distance is
minimally documented. Therefore, the developed spatial model is
applying similarity-based technique focusing on the impact of land use
proximity on lake water quality status. The principle for similarity is an
index model postulating water quality status of lakes using a control
index quantified from a lake with a comprehensive series of data. Lake
Putrajaya has been chosen as the control model for similarity assessment
due to its comprehensive data availability and established long-term
water quality monitoring. In the developed similarity model, a one km
buffer is clipped with land use surrounding the lake waterbody which
thus functions as the model database. The percentage of built-up area,
population density, lake area and rainfall intensity within the one km
buffer radius of lake waterbody is measured and similarity is calculated
with Lake Putrajaya. Five categories of water quality status were then
classified based on the similarity index calculation; i.e. bad, poor,
medium, good and excellent. The model output is an indicator index,
acting as a classification guideline for water quality status of the
assessed lake. Based from the validation analysis, it is indicated that the
methodology used in model development is reliable to function as a
preliminary decision support tool for recreational lake managers with
limited data and no established water quality monitoring programmes.
Keywords: Geographic Information System, spatial modeling,
similarity index, lake management, water quality
International Research Innovation, Invention & Solution Exposition (IRIISE 2018)
161
PURIFIED RICE HUSK SILICA FROM SOLVENT-
THERMAL EXTRACTION METHOD – A POTENTIAL
FILLER FOR RUBBER COMPOSITES
Zainathul Akhmar Salim Abdul Salim*1,2, Aziz Hassan1,
and Hanafi Ismail3, 1Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of
Malaya, 50603 Wilayah Persekutuan Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. 2School of Industrial Technology, Faculty of Applied Sciences,
Universiti Teknologi MARA, 40450 Shah Alam, Selangor,
Malaysia. 3School of Materials and Mineral Resources Engineering,
Universiti Sains Malaysia Engineering Campus, 14300 Nibong
Tebal, Penang, Malaysia.
Corresponding author: [email protected]
This research highlighted the synthesis of silica from rice husk by
solvent-thermal extraction method, which was adapted from TAPPI
standards (T204 and T264) with some significant modifications. The
extraction process was conducted in solvents mixture; toluene, ethanol
and acetone (ratio 3:2:1), under open atmosphere, prior to leaching with
acid. This method had successfully produced high purity silica with
99.9% silica content with size range between 70-200 nm and average
surface area of 234.25 m2/g. The rice husk silica (RHS) was then
incorporated in natural rubber (NR) at the optimum loading of 4 parts
per hundred rubber (phr). The mechanical properties of the RHS filled
NR were tested and the results were compared to the unfilled NR,
untreated rice husk ash (RHA) filled NR and commercial precipitated
silica (PS) filled NR. It was found that the tensile strength of the RHS-NR
was better than unfilled NR and RHA-NR and comparable to PS-NR,
while the abrasion resistance of RHS-NR was highest and better than PS-
NR. The remarkable improvement recorded by RHS-NR compounds
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shows that RHS synthesized via solvent-thermal extraction method has a
good potential to be developed as an alternative to commercial silica
which used in rubber industry.
Keywords: solvent-thermal extraction method; rice husk silica; natural
rubber; untreated rice husk ash; commercial precipitated silica; and
mechanical properties
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163
GREEN QUASI-SOLID POLYMER ELECTROLYTE FOR
HIGH PERFORMANCE SUPERCAPACITOR
Woo Haw Jiunn, Mohd Hamdi Buraidah, Teo Li Ping, Encik Mohd
Zieauddin Kufian
Centre for Ionics University of Malaya, Physics Department, Faculty of
Science, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
Supercapacitors, an energy storage device that can be used stand alone
or complement batteries to form hybrid systems that provide high
power density and high energy density. The conventional capacitor uses
a separator sandwiched between two electrodes flooded with liquid
electrolytes (LEs). However, LEs suffers from many drawbacks
including bulky size, poor long term stability due to evaporation &
leakage, flammability causing safety issues, rigid in design, corrosion
with electrodes, narrow operating voltage window (<1.0 V) that restricts
the energy density performance. These problems can be solved by using
polymer electrolytes (PEs) as they are reasonably high in conductivity,
flexible & high compliance in shape, low maintenance and make good
contacts between electrodes. In this invention, green quasi-solid (in gel
form) PEs based on biopolymer such as phthaloylchitosan, starch and
other green solvents/additives will be demonstrated. There has not been
many works to develop a flexible supercapacitor based on PEs
containing green biopolymers. Green biopolymers would act as polymer
backbone to entrap compatible ions using solution casting. High
conductivity enhancement is expected as a result of the
coupling/decoupling of polymer segmental motion and ion hopping.
This flexible membrane has been optimized to obtain the highest
conducting sample for supercapacitor fabrication. There are tremendous
opportunities with this new generation energy storage devices because it
is thin, light weight, high compliance in shape, low maintenance,
minimize leakage and easy sealing processes. This project is in line with
RMK11 to support research on sustainable energy.
Keywords: Green electrolyte, supercapacitor, quasi-solid, chitosan
International Research Innovation, Invention & Solution Exposition (IRIISE 2018)
164
A STUDY ON JOB SATISFACTION AMONG
EMPLOYEES IN HONG LEONG BANK PETALING
JAYA
Naeimah Mamat, Nursyazwani Sazlan
Universiti Selangor
Job satisfaction is one of the important matters to employer, employee
and the company to retain success in business. The purpose of this study
to examine different aspects of job satisfaction among bank employee in
Hong Leong Bank, Petaling Jaya. Questionnaires have been distributed
to assess employee’s job satisfaction. Statistical analysis was carried on
the data and stated satisfaction level of different parameters. The overall
job satisfaction showed employee were satisfied with the current job but
still measures should to be taken to improve the satisfaction level.
Keywords: Job satisfaction, satisfaction level, teamwork, commitment
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CATEGORY C
Social Sciences & Management
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ASSET REPLACEMENT COST DECISION MAKING
MODEL (ARCDM) FOR GOVERNMENT BUILDINGS
Mohamad Adzizulrohim Bin Abd Malek1, Azlan Shah Bin Ali2,
Mohamad Rizal Bin Baharum3 1Jabatan Kerja Raya/ Kementerian Kewangan, 2,3University of Malaya
This research presents the development of a guideline that could be used
to select the best option for building asset replacement specifically for
government ownership. Building life cycle management should be
transparent and cost efficient. Hence, decisions taken during the life
cycle of the buildings should be based on clear justification. One of the
major issues in facility planning is the determination either to refurbish
or replace the existing asset. In fact, government assets have to be
economically managed by knowing the holding cost, so that it can be
retained for a long period. The objective of this study was to establish
the relationship between asset decision making factors and replacement
costs. The real replacement project of Heat, Ventilation, and Air
Conditioning (HVAC) system in government building was selected in
this study. The methodology of this research employed the use of a
triangulation method which is the combination of both quantitative and
qualitative analysis. The literature review and theoretical framework of
the study were validated by 11 experts in the 1st phase of the study. In
order to establish the relationship between asset decision making and
replacement costs, the comprehensive analysis in the 2nd phase of the
study was implemented via the means of archive documentations and
interviews of 61 HVAC project in 12 states within Malaysia. Lastly, 3 real
case studies that were based on the HVAC project were used in the 3rd
phase of this research for the purpose of validating the asset model
which is referred to as: Asset Replacement Cost Decision Making Model
(ARCDM). The result of this study provides raw evidences to support
that existing replacement cost decision making in government sector are
based on Competency and Self Confidence of the human factors. In
addition, ARCDM could be used by the government as a guideline or
tool in wise decision making for building replacement related activities.
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Keywords: Government Buildings, Asset Management, Decision
Making, Asset Replacement, HVAC System
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168
MUSIC MODEL TO TRANSFORM VISUAL
PERCEPTION OF SPORTS ROUTINE
Fung Chiat Loo1, Fung Ying Loo2, Yan Piaw Chua3 1Universiti Putra Malaysia 2,3University of Malaya
Music has different functions in sport. This research focuses on music
accompaniment used in sports routines that involve choreography.
Coaches and athletes customarily compose or get inspiration for a
choreography based on a selected music. Even with self-edited versions,
there are usually sections or fragments of music that hardly synchronize
with the movements. This current study supports the approach that the
music accompaniment should be composed after a routine is
choreographed to provide optimal synchronization/visual perception
between the two. Two sports routines were used in this research �
rhythmic gymnastics and tai chi. The study chose two professional
athletes, whose routines were recorded. The best performances from the
video recordings were selected for this experiment. Music
accompaniments that focus on six parameters including phrasing,
accent, dynamic, pitch, rhythm and tempo were re-composed to match
the athletes� movements as closely as possible. A survey shows that in
general, elements such as tempo, momentum, climax level of excitement,
and attractiveness were perceived as better in the routine with the new
accompaniment. The overall routine was also perceive visually with a
higher quality with the new composed music. Athletes have full
authority and freedom in the intended movement, including duration,
mood, and character. They can also arrange their preferred music
according to the choreography. Music is usually self-edited by the
athletes and coaches, so musical interpretation and the quality of the
music track are not guaranteed. The approach tested in this research
eliminates these problems. With this model, athletes and coaches have
full authority over their choreography in terms of duration of a phrase,
entire structure, and, most importantly, to create an identity using
music, since any particular sports routine involves similar elements that
have to be performed by all contestants.
Keywords: music, sports routine, visual perception
International Research Innovation, Invention & Solution Exposition (IRIISE 2018)
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RS TABLE MAT
Mohd Hyrul Abu Karim, Shahrizal Ahmad Selo
Department of Tourism and Hospitality, Politeknik Sultan Idris Shah
Technical and Vocational Education Training (TVET) in higher
education system needs to focus on strengthen and make more
competitive output and services. While in hospitality education training,
learning and teaching tools plays an important part to achieve the
objectives in curriculum content based on the industry needs. The non-
existent of visualisation in learning and teaching tools in food and
beverages class is resulting less favourable teaching impact. It will also
effect on the hospitality students comprehension and the memorising
process in learning activities. On the other hand, the practitioners in the
real restaurant service industries also lack of practicing the right skills in
food and beverages services. This situation also resulting on less
favourable industries experiences to the hospitality students. Thus, this
study aimed to develop a teaching tools based on the restaurant service
table setting style. ‘The RS Table Mat’ focus on the visual setup of Ala’
Carte, American Service, French Service and Russian Service table
setting. The aimed of using the "RS Table Mat" will help to increase the
students understanding of table setting set up and it will also help to
simplify the process of remembering through visualization in differences
of each services style.
Methodology: This study applies research and development design by
optimizing experimental subject. Data were obtained from lecturers’ and
students’ response, skills, product and cognitive tasks. The visualisation
set up of cutleries, crockery and glassware in the table mat increased the
understanding and simplifies the process of remembering differences of
each style of service setup. Indirectly it also improves the students’
performance and achievement in academic. This study contributed to
the academician by having an extra teaching and learning tools to make
the process easier and fun. To the industry, it will also beneficial the
trainer in food and beverages outlet to save time consumed in teaching
new staff about the setting of cutleries, crockery and glassware
placement for each style of service.
International Research Innovation, Invention & Solution Exposition (IRIISE 2018)
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Keywords: Restaurant Service, Table Setting, Table Mat
International Research Innovation, Invention & Solution Exposition (IRIISE 2018)
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PEER ASSISTED & REFLECTIVE LEARNING SYSTEM
(PEARLS)
Nurul Atira Khairul Anhar Holder, Chan Choong Foong
Medical Education and Research Development Unit (MERDU), Faculty
of Medicine, University of Malaya
In an undergraduate medical program which emphasizes on self-
directed learning, it is a challenge to remediate low-achieving students.
The main reason is because these students had underwent primary and
secondary school education where they are used to spoon-feeding and
exam-oriented teaching methods. In our institution, low-achieving
students expect a teacher-centred remediation. We also argue that
students’ learning behaviours are parts of professionalism. Past
literatures revealed that autonomously motivated students gain greater
satisfaction in learning hence, better appreciation towards the medical
profession. Subsequently, we designed a Peer Assisted & Reflective
Learning System (PeARLS) as an intervention for Year 1 and Year 2 low-
achieving students. PeARLS is a five-step approaches. In Step 1:
Opening Session, students are invited to an introductory session. We,
the remediation coaches would explain about PeARLS and its benefits.
Students are also informed that their participations are voluntary. Next,
students are required to complete a guided reflection protocol in order
to reflect on their learning experiences. In Step 2: Interview Session, an
individual semi-structured interview is conducted with each student.
Guided reflection protocol and interview are tools meant to help
students recognising their limitations and subsequent consequences. In
Step 3: Peer Tutoring Session (PTS), students applied collaboratively
learning to support each other in both academically and psychological
wise. After attending formal learning and teaching activities (e.g.
lectures, seminars) for a period of time, each student would construct
single best answer (SBA) questions and provide explanations on the
correct and incorrect answers. We then collect the questions and
generate an online assessment. During PTS, students will answer, mark
and discuss the questions. Students identify common mistakes through
real time item analysis, where those who created the questions would
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explain the answers and clarify the doubts from their peers. Students are
free to exchange new knowledge, personal tips and mnemonics during
discussion. At the end of each session, students’ feedback is collected.
Anonymous student feedback features questions such as “What do I like
about today’s session?” and “What recommendations would I suggest to
improve today’s session?” The feedback is then discussed among
students where remediation coaches are also present to monitor the
session. Students also decide on improvements for the next session and
the remediation coaches acknowledge (and at times, reward) students
when they showed improvements in their performance or behaviours
(e.g. active discussion, timely submission of questions). Lastly, students
would decide when the next session is to be held and number of
questions to be submitted. PTS are continuously conducted for one
academic year. In Step 4: Follow-up Interview Session, students are
given a guided reflection protocol to be completed before attending the
second interview. The purpose is to follow-up on their wellbeing,
progress and reflection on current learning experiences. In Step 5:
Closing Session, a session with all students is organized when the final
examination is approaching. It is a debrief session for remediation
coaches to provide closure. In conclusion, using the concepts of
reflection and peer-assisted learning, PeARLS assist low-achieving
students to autonomously remediate their academic performance.
International Research Innovation, Invention & Solution Exposition (IRIISE 2018)
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GLOBAL FARAID GAME (GFG)
Azman Ab Rahmana, Zahari Mahad Musab, Mushaddad Hasbullahc,
Ahmad Anis Muhd Fauzid, Muhammad Zulhilmi Mohd Nazare ,
Muhammad Najib Abd Wakilf & Mursyid Junaidi Mohd Faisal Yapg
aProfesor Madya, Fakulti Syariah dan Undang-undang, USIM, Bandar
Baru Nilai, 71800 Nilai, Negeri Sembilan. bPensyarah, Fakulti Syariah dan Undang-undang, USIM, Bandar Baru
Nilai, 71800 Nilai, Negeri Sembilan. cPensyarah, Fakulti Syariah dan Undang-undang, USIM, Bandar Baru
Nilai, 71800 Nilai, Negeri Sembilan dPensyarah, Fakulti Syariah dan Undang-undang, USIM, Bandar Baru
Nilai, 71800 Nilai, Negeri Sembilan eKakitangan, Institut Penyelidikan Fatwa Sedunia, USIM, Bandar Baru
Nilai, 71800 Nilai, Negeri Sembilan fPembantu Penyelidik, Fakulti Syariah dan Undang-undang, USIM,
Bandar Baru Nilai, 71800 Nilai, Negeri Sembilan gPembantu Penyelidik, Fakulti Syariah dan Undang-undang, USIM,
Bandar Baru Nilai, 71800 Nilai, Negeri Sembilan
Faraid merupakan sebuah sistem pengurusan harta selepas kematian
yang dianjurkan oleh Islam. Walau bagaimanapun, tahap kesedaran dan
kefahaman tentang ilmu faraid serta harta pusaka masih kurang dan
rendah dalam kalangan masyarakat Islam di Malaysia. Justeru, produk
inovasi Global Faraid Game merupakan sebuah inisiatif yang
dibangunkan untuk memudahkan masyarakat mempelajari ilmu faraid
dan harta pusaka dengan konsep gamifikasi serta didik hibur yang lebih
interaktif lagi efisien. GFG merupakan produk pertama yang berasaskan
pengurusan harta pusaka di Malaysia dan di dunia. GFG mempunyai
tiga aras soalan yang berbeza berasaskan silibus STPM (Syariah) dan
STAM (al-fiqh wa al-Faraid) yang dirangka khas sesuai untuk mereka
yang masih baru mengenali ilmu faraid dan harta pusaka. Objektif
produk ini adalah untuk meningkatkan kesedaran dan kefahaman
masyarakat tentang ilmu harta pusaka termasuk faraid, hibah dan
wasiat melalui medium pembelajaran yang interaktif serta ilmiah. Di
samping itu, GFG juga dapat mengukuhkan kemahiran pengiraan dan
pengurusan faraid dalam kalangan ejen harta pusaka dan agensi
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pengurusan harta di Malaysia. Pembangunan produk ini menggunakan
metodologi Rapid Prototyping dengan pendekatan kaedah kuasai
eksperimen, soal selidik dan temubual. GFG amat diyakini dapat
memperkenalkan ilmu faraid kepada masyarakat umum dengan lebih
meluas di samping dapat dimanfaatkan oleh para pendidik sama ada di
peringkat sekolah, universiti bahkan golongan profesional sebagai
bahan bantu mengajar atau latihan. GFG ini amat berpontensi untuk
dikomersialkan dengan kerjasama daripada pihak Majlis Agama Islam
Negeri, Harta Guam dan agensi-agensi pengurusan harta pusaka seperti
Amanah Raya Berhad, Wasiyyah Shoppe Berhad dan lain-lain.
Kata Kunci: Faraid, Game, Harta Pusaka
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INOVASI GAMIFIKASI GLOBAL WAKAF GAME
(GWG) DALAM PENDIDIKAN DAN LATIHAN
PERSIJILAN WAKAF DI MALAYSIA
Farhana Mohamad Suhaimi, Azman Ab Rahman & Mursyid
Junaidi Mohd Faisal Yap
Wakaf adalah salah satu amalan yang amat digalakkan dalam Islam.
Wakaf merupakan sadaqatul jariyah yang dapat menyempurnakan
agihan kekayaan dan meningkatkan pembangunan ekonomi masyarakat
secara keseluruhan. Sejarah telah membuktikan sumbangan institusi
wakaf pada zaman kegemilangan pemerintahan khilafah `Uthmaniyah
sebagai salah satu sumber pendapatan kepada kerajaan dengan
memainkan peranannya dalam membiayai aktiviti kebajikan
masyarakat, keagamaan, pendidikan, kesihatan dan sebagainya. Dalam
bidang pendidikan umpamanya, harta wakaf telah digunakan bagi
menanggung perbelanjaan penyelenggaraan masjid yang merupakan
institusi pendidikan pada zaman itu, di samping membayar upah
mengajar kepada para guru. Dewasa kini, pelbagai produk wakaf
seperti wakaf tunai, al-Quran, hartanah dan sebagainya telah
diperkenalkan oleh Majlis Agama Islam Negeri, institusi perbankan
Malaysia, pusat zakat di Institut Pengajian Tinggi, atau badan bukan
kerajaan seperti yayasan dan sekolah tahfiz. Walau bagaimanapun,
pendedahan dan pemahaman tentang wakaf dalam kalangan
masyarakat masih lagi pada tahap yang rendah. Justeru, pendidikan
wakaf perlu diterapkan kepada umat Islam sejak dibangku sekolah.
Inovasi Global Wakaf Game (GWG) merupakan sebuah inisiatif bagi
mewujudkan sebuah gamifikasi dalam pendidikan wakaf di Malaysia.
GWG dibangunkan mengikut garis panduan Majlis Agama Islam Negeri
serta dilengkapi dengan soalan-soalan uji wakaf yang dirangka secara
komprehensif bagi memberikan pendedahan serta meningkatkan
kefahaman masyarakat terhadap konsep wakaf. GWG sesuai untuk
dijadikan sebagai alat bantu mengajar dan bahan latihan kepada pelajar
dan pelatih-pelatih yang edukatif dan interaktif.
Kata Kunci: Wakaf, Gamifikasi Wakaf, Global Wakaf Game
International Research Innovation, Invention & Solution Exposition (IRIISE 2018)
176
MOBILE ANDROID APPLICATION: E-WORK HEALTH
WIZ
Leny Suzana Suddin, Yanttey Suhaida Suddin, Zahir Izuan Azhar
Faculty of Medicine, UiTM
Introduction: Based on a study done on factors affecting quality of life
among workers in a tertiary education centre, healthy workers could
suffer from having unhealthy working environment that might
eventually affect their quality of life. Among the contributors of
unhealthy working environment were feeling stressful, perceived
financial dissatisfaction as well as having background of pre-existing
burden of caring for unhealthy family members at home. One of the
ways to overcome these problems is through self-empowerment and
self-care using appropriate means. Opportunities: A product that could
cater to this working population group must be able to offer a solution
that have easy access feature and at the same time, confidential in
nature. In Malaysia alone in April 2018, there are about 14.8 million
workers that might be suffering from these unhealthy working
environment that would benefit from this product. Objectives: This
product will serve as an assessment tool as well as a source of reference
on handling unhealthy workplace environment problems. Novelty:
There was no product in the market with similar features at the moment.
It will be easy to access, install, user-friendly and inexpensive to
purchase. Commercialization potential: This product will be available on
a well-known mobile internet platform which will allow it to penetrate
the market. More advance features will require additional price in
future. Impact: This product not only will assist users to manage their
unhealthy working environment contributors but also could prevent
more severe work-related problems in future and this indirectly, will
increase productivity and lead to work satisfaction.
Keywords: Worker health, mobile apps, quality of life, environment,
satisfaction
International Research Innovation, Invention & Solution Exposition (IRIISE 2018)
177
GO GREEN: A PREDICTION MODEL OF INTENTION
TOWARDS PAPERLESS AMONG PUBLIC
UNIVERSITY EMPLOYEES
Mohd Hamran Mohamad, Hasan Al-Banna Mohamed, Lt Kol
Kamarulzaman Lamin (R), Norlaila Mazura Hj Mohaiyadin,
Khairunnisa Mardzuki, Sayuti Abdul Ghani
Faculty of Defence Studies and Management
Universiti Pertahanan Nasional Malaysia
Sungai Besi Camp, 57000, Kuala Lumpur
Paperless has been known as an important element in succeeding the
green environment agenda through various programs such as electronic
government. Without the serioueness intention towards the paperless
among the public sector agencies employees, surely it is difficult to
promote the sustainable green environment at work place. Therefore, the
predictors to motivate the intention towards paperless among them
should be emphasized strongly in achieving this agenda. The main thing
that should be evaluated is the appropriate organizational internal
resources that represent the predictors on intention towards paperless
namely management support and information technology (IT) support.
Hence, this study aims to discuss the model of research and concept by
employing both qualitative and quantitative methods. Both aspects of
management and IT supports are explored to explain their roles in the
context of public university employees. Furthermore, the significant
impact levels of those predictors on intention towards paperless are
investigated as well. It has been found that the predictions of
management support and IT support have a possible impacts on
intention towards paperless and it would be a meaningful results and
implications in a study context of public university employees.
Keywords: Intention towards paperless, management support, IT
support and public university employees
International Research Innovation, Invention & Solution Exposition (IRIISE 2018)
178
AN AFFECTIVE INTERFACE FOR INVESTIGATING
THE SOCIAL WELLNESS OF YOUNG MALAYSIANS
AND KOREANS
Nurul Fazmidar Mohd Noor, Haslina Muhamad, Nik Daliana Nik Farid
Universiti Malaya
Although the use of online questionnaire in collecting data has increased
enormously over the years, it is not without its drawback. The drawback
of using online questionnaire includes (1) the respondent will be easily
distracted, (2) lost focus and (3) feeling bored hence fail to complete the
questionnaire accurately. The extensive usage of technology is yield for
affective interactions between humans and technology. Therefore, to
overcome these drawbacks, in this study, an affective interface will be
adopted to online questionnaire to assist us in measuring the social and
mental well-being of the young Malaysians and Koreans. The affective
interfaces are assumed to overcome the drawbacks and the respondents
will feel more open and sincere in answering the questionnaires.
Indirectly, this will enhance the validity of the data collected. In this
affective interface online questionnaire system, respondents will be able
to gain knowledge of their level of social and mental wellbeing. They
will also be provided with some online advice from the experts based on
their wellness scores. One of the aims of this study is to determine the
effectiveness of affective computing in exploring the social wellbeing
aspects of the Malaysians and Koreans.
Keywords: affective interface, affective computing, social wellness,
mental wellness.
International Research Innovation, Invention & Solution Exposition (IRIISE 2018)
179
DETERMINATION OF ELECTION CANDIDATE
USING FUZZY TOPSIS: AN APPLICATION IN
SELANGOR, MALAYSIA
Hamdan Mohd Salleh, Khairil Bariyyah Hassan, Hasnur Hidayah
Kamaruddin, Ng Ming Yip, Nadiah Zubbir
Centre for Foundation and General Studies, Universiti Selangor, Jalan
Timur Tambahan, 45600 Bestari
Jaya, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia
Election candidates are among the important elements in a political
election. Every political party will place candidate who they think are
the best in securing votes from voters. However, voters will decide who
to vote based on their determination of electoral criteria which they feel
important for them. It is certain that the level of importance for the
selection criteria of a leader differ according to the voters’ determination.
For an example, voters in urban and rural areas have different evalution
on the candidates due to their different living environment and current
issues such as living cost, petrol price, corruption and many more. This
study discusses the important criteria for the selection of election
candidates and analyses the selection criteria trend of the election
candidates who had won the 14th General Election (PRU-14) in Selangor.
The 20 respondents for this research consist of University Selangor’s
Center of Foundation and General Studies academic staffs who are also
registered voters. The Fuzzy Technique for Order Performance by
Similarity to Ideal Solution (TOPSIS) is used in this study to identify the
significant of each criteria. From the data collected, the weight for every
criteria will be calculate using the Fuzzy TOPSIS method, and the most
important criteria will be analyse together with the biodata of the chosen
candidates.
International Research Innovation, Invention & Solution Exposition (IRIISE 2018)
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GO GREEN MALAYSIA: OUTWITTING TRAFFIC
CONGESTION BASED ON AIR QUALITY INDEX Rafidah Md Noor,Shaik Shabana Anjum, Nasrin Aghamohammadi,
Ismail Ahmedy, Miss Laiha Mat Kiah, Nornazlita Hussin
University of Malaya
The technological advancements in the recent past has facilitated
immense progress towards mitigation of environmental pollution
through smart transportation systems and solutions. In particular,
communication to the commuters about the traffic ahead or occurrences
of congestion has been envisioned to play a major role in outsmarting
traffic through mobile applications. However, the existing mobile
applications that serve as traffic reporting solutions still face major
drawbacks such as single path suggestions, traffic delay during peak
hours/emergencies, non-recurring congestion consideration, improper
reporting of road accidents and traffic jam en route to a commuter�s
destination. This research aims at providing solutions for prompting the
commuters with updates on the traffic based upon the Air Quality Index
(AQI) of the routes towards destination. Firstly, air quality sensing
devices with wireless energy transmission are designed, developed and
implemented, followed by integrating the database of these monitoring
devices with a real-time mobile application both on Android and iOS.
The sensing devices are intended to be employed near the traffic signals
for real-time updates. The cross-platform mobile application in this way,
enables the user to opt for route with good air quality so that the more
congested routes are avoided thereby mitigating the air pollution
induced by road traffic. The experimental analysis and validation of the
proposed solution are carried out for different case studies in Malaysia,
such as Petaling Jaya, Shah Alam, Mont Kiara and Jalan Tun Razak.
Three different scenarios (morning, afternoon and evening) are analysed
and tested to explore the traffic usage parameter using the mobile
application. The results show that when traffic is governed based upon
AQI, vehicle emissions and traffic flow, nearly 75% of traffic congestion
is mitigated hence making the atmosphere pollution-free as well as
avoiding Urban Heat Effect (UHI) due to heat generated from vehicles.
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Keywords: Air quality index, Air pollution, Road transportation and
traffic congestion
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THRESHOLD CONCEPTS IN MILITARY OFFICERS'
EDUCATION
Ahmad Thamrini Fadzlin Syed Mohamed
National Defence University of Malaysia
Deriving from a doctoral study, this model discusses threshold concepts
needed to facilitates successful ontological shifts in becoming a military
officer. Drawing from threshold concept theory, provides a helpful
analytical tool to examine the process deemed necessary for
transformation from civilian status to thinking and practising as a
soldier and consequently a military officer. Combined with
phenomenography as the research methodology, the research involved
seven higher ranking officers, 24 military trainers, and 29 officer cadets
from two reputable military education institutions in Europe. The
findings show that there are two ontological shifts that transform a
civilian to become an officer. During Phase I, the first ontological shift in
becoming a soldier involves the acceptance of discipline and obedience,
recognition of a framework of related ethics and values, loyalty to the
unit (collective above individual needs) and a sense of obligation.
Meanwhile, Phase II will require a soldier to understand the concept of
personal responsibility for the execution of mission, putting others
before self, and the ‘power to command’ to complete the transformation
in becoming a military officer.
Keywords: military officers' education, threshold concepts, mimicry,
hybridity, liminality
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RELATIONSHIP OF OPERATION AND
MAINTENANCE (O&M) MANAGEMENT AND ITS
PERFORMANCE SERVICES
Nor Zaimah Che-Ghani, Nik Elyna Myeda, Azlan Shah Ali
Centre for Building, Construction & Tropical (BuCTA), Faculty of Built
Environment, University of Malaya
Maintenance service performance is measuring the performance on
operation and planning in managerial and technical actions. Hence, this
study seeks to investigate the relationship of O&M management and its
performance services. The characteristics of O&M management are
competent staff, regulation and compliance as well as well-planned
O&M management. Besides, the attributes of performance services are
professionalism and expertise of management staff, time taken to
response to residents’ concerns, management staff attitude in attending
residents’ concerns and overall satisfaction towards services provided.
This study adopted a mix method approach that includes questionnaire
survey and focus group discussion. Questionnaires survey were
distribute to the residents in stratified residential building in Klang
Valley to evaluate level of satisfaction on the services provided among
residents. Also, focus group discussion was conducted to evaluate
critical success factor of O&M management towards its performance.
Concisely, prevention of vandalism is a factor under well-planned O&M
management. It was rated as the most important factors in evaluating
the degree of performance in O&M services. However, competent staff
shows a significant and positive relationship between O&M
management attributes and the performance of maintenance services.
Keywords: O&M management, performance, stratified residential
building, facilities management
International Research Innovation, Invention & Solution Exposition (IRIISE 2018)
184
THE VOICE BOOK (TVB)
(Pelaksanaan Dan Keberkesanan Kaedah ‘The Voice Book’
Dalam Pengajaran Kemahiran Matematik)
Chelva A/L Letchmanan, Narehs Devadas, Jivendra Pandian
SJKT Ladang Sabrang
Kajian ini adalah bertujuan untuk mengenalpasti keberkesanan
penggunaan kaedah ‘The Voice Book’ terhadap pencapaian dan minat
murid dalam mata pelajaran matematik murid tahun 3. Kajian ini
dijalankan dengan menggunakan kaedah eksperimental. Instrumen
yang digunakan ialah soalan ujian pra dan ujian pos yang terdiri
daripada 20 soalan subjektif untuk mengukur tahap penguasaan para
murid. Selain itu, soal selidik dan pemerhatian digunakan untuk
mengukur tahap minat murid terhadap ‘The Voice Book’ yang direka
cipta. Bilangan sampel adalah seramai 10 orang yang dipilih secara
rawak daripada murid tahun 3 dan dibahagikan kepada dua kumpulan
iaitu kumpulan Alfa dan Kumpulan Beta. Data telah dianalisis dengan
menggunakan kaedah kualitatif dan kuantitatif yang melibatkan min
(purata keseluruhan). Hasil dapatan kajian menunjukkan purata
keseluruhan pencapaian pos ujian kumpulan Beta adalah 18 lebih tinggi
berbanding kumpulan Alfa iaitu 13 dan perbezaan purata keseluruhan
bagi kedua-duanya ialah 5. Dapatan soal selidik pula menunjukkan
maksimum murid mengatakan jawapan “ya” bagi minat murid
terhadap penggunaan buku matematik bersuara. Implikasi daripada
kajian ini membolehkan murid memahami konsep matematik dengan
jelas dan secara tidak langsung dapat menarik minat murid untuk
belajar dan meningkatkan pencapaian murid. Kajian ini penting
dijalankan untuk membantu guru memperbaiki kaedah dan teknik
pengajaran yang bersesuaian dengan tahap kesediaan dan minat pelajar.
Dalam proses pembelajaran matematik, guru perlu menggunakan
kaedah pengajaran yang boleh merangsang pembelajaran pelajar.
Kaedah yang digunakan dalam kajian ini iaitu penggunaan ‘The Voice
Book’ akan dilihat sama ada pelajar itu mampu mengekalkan minat
mempelajari matematik kepada pengajaran guru dan seterusnya akan
dilihat dari segi pencapaian akademik pelajar itu sendiri. Dari perspektif
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murid pula, kajian ini membantu murid memperoleh pengetahuan dan
kemahiran secara kendiri. ‘The Voice Book’ yang direka ini membantu
murid untuk mengurus dan belajar mengikut minat, keperluan dan gaya
pembelajaran mereka. Pembelajaran akses kendiri ini melatih murid
belajar dan memberi penekanan kepada usaha memenuhi keperluan
individu yang berbeza dengan persekitaran dan suasana pembelajaran
yang kondusif. Hasil kajian ini juga penting kepada pelajar yang
berpencapaian rendah dalam mata pelajaran matematik. Dengan
penggunaan kaedah ‘The Voice Book’ juga dilihat sama ada ianya dapat
memudahkan pelajar dalam memahami konsep, menganalisis masalah
dan mencari penyelesaian dalam tajuk yang dipelajari. Penggunaan ‘The
Voice Book’ menuntut pelajar memahami dan membina konsep
matematik dengan sendiri ataupun dengan bantuan kawan. Daripada
hasil kajian dan analisis data yang telah dijalankan, maka dapatlah
dibuat kesimpulan bahawa penggunaan ‘The Voice Book’ dalam
pengajaran dan pembelajaran telah dapat membantu dalam
mempertingkatkan pencapaian dan minat dalam mata pelajaran
matematik bagi murid tahun 3. Selain itu, ‘The Voice Book’ ini dapat
memudahkan pelajar memahami konsep, menganalisis masalah dan
mencari penyelesaian. ‘The Voice Book’ boleh digunakan merentasi
pelbagai mata pelajaran dan pelbagai tahap, proses pemikiran akan
menjadi satu cara lazim untuk pelajar, guru dan ibu bapa menyelesaikan
masalah dan membiasakan pelajar untuk berfikir secara kritis dan
kreatif.
International Research Innovation, Invention & Solution Exposition (IRIISE 2018)
186
DEVELOPMENT OF EXECUTION MODEL FOR GREEN
RETROFIT PROJECTS IN MALAYSIAN
CONSTRUCTION INDUSTRY N.S. Zulkefli, F.A. Mohd-Rahim, N. Zainon
Centre for Building, Construction & Tropical Architecture (BuCTA), Faculty
of Built Environment, University of Malaya
Issues on climate change and global warming have garnered much
attention in Malaysia nowadays. People including the policy makers,
industries and end-users itself are getting more concern on various ways
of greening the technology, process and system. Malaysia, currently
experiencing vast development and industrialization has now becoming
heavily dependent on energy. Building sector itself, due to its long life
expectancy and involvement of various kind of resources during its life
cycle has been identified as one of significant contributors to worldwide
CO2 emissions and global warming. Various policies, incentives and
measures has been introduced since then by related parties including
government, authorities and policy makers to raise awareness on the
sustainable issues. Recently, reviews from literature has suggested to
look into the ideas of greening existing building stock. Issues derived
after seeing that despite various sustainability efforts being put down,
energy consumption remains increase and contribute to CO2 and
greenhouse gas emission. Apart from that, sustainability impacts
currently are considered as significantly small since newly developed
green building represent a very small percentage as compared to the
existing non-green building. Despite numbers of retrofitting projects
carried out yearly, only few fast forward project team members have
decided to shift towards sustainable approach. Therefore, this research
aims at developing an execution model to eventuate the implementation
of green building retrofitting in Malaysia. The proposed model will
serve as a systematic approach or guidelines for comprehensive
execution of green retrofitting considering the building economic
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performance. Several relevant model or framework that has been
developed earlier by other researchers and developed countries will be
used to underpin the proposed model. Three major sustainability pillars
namely environment, economic and social will be considered into the
model proposed. Another pertinent points covered in this research
include exploring the attributes that are crucial for managing and
delivering a successful green retrofit project for Malaysian construction
industry. The model proposed is expected to guide the construction
project stakeholders throughout decision making process by
implementing series of procedures and initiatives during retrofitting
project life-cycles towards achieving cost optimal retrofit.
Keywords: Sustainable Construction, Green Building, Building
Retrofit, Green Retrofit, Project Economic
International Research Innovation, Invention & Solution Exposition (IRIISE 2018)
188
FACILITIES MANAGEMENT: MAINTENANCE
STRATEGY OF PERSONS WITH DISABILITIES
FACILITIES AT HOSPITAL BUILDING
1Nuratiqah Aisyah Awang, Shirley Chua Jin Lin and Azlan Shah Ali
Department of Building Surveying, Faculty of Built Environment,
University of Malaya
E-mail: 1 [email protected],
Debates and research on the implementation of Universal Design in the
Built Environment have been actively evolved in a past decade in
Malaysia since the Act and Standards have been gazetted for Persons
with Disabilities (PWDs) where building start to include their needs
through the existence of PWDs facilities. However, in recent years there
has been an increasing interest in the maintenance of PWDs facilities as
it is perceived to be a potential factor that can create barriers to the
PWDs users. Addressing maintenance performance issues of
implemented PWDs facilities are highly related to the role of facilities
management through a maintenance strategy. This study employs case
study research design where subject of case study is the organisation to
investigate the current maintenance strategy implemented for PWDs
facilities at the selected hospital. Semi structured interview is conducted
with the head of department who is responsible to ensure the asset and
facilities are providing services as required. Based on the analysis and
findings, it is found that PWDs facilities are not taken into consideration
in the current maintenance strategy where it is maintained based on
general task list and not being specified. In addition, maintenance
strategy implemented is not formulated at the hospital level thus require
understanding on the whole organisational structure. Inclusion of PWDs
facilities in the maintenance strategy is crucial to ensure and monitor the
performance of PWDs facilities in order to accommodate the rights and
needs of PWDs. Future research is proposed to develop a framework to
include PWDs facilities in the maintenance strategy.
Keywords: PWDs, PWD, FM, person with disability
International Research Innovation, Invention & Solution Exposition (IRIISE 2018)
189
TRANSACTION COST ANALYSIS: A DECISION
SUPPORT SYSTEM FOR PROCUREMENT SELECTION
Toh Ka Bean, Fara Diva Mustapa and Muzani Mustapa
Department of Quantity Surveying, Faculty of Built Environment &
Surveying, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Malaysia
Human are bound to bounded rationality. This reflect that human have
incomplete information during the decision making process especially
during the selection for appropriate procurement option that facilitates
an effective project organization in general and a thorough risk
management process in particular before embarking a contract. In
principle, a perfectly fashioned complete contract could resolve issues
between parties. However, due to bounded rationality, incomplete
information during the contract agreement creates issues which were not
initially expected during the drafting of the contract. This mean that
human structure the contract by including flexibility and blanket
provisions to minimizes the costs of describing eventualities and actions
that cannot be accurately foreseen. Thus, assessing and managing that
risk is crucial for gaining the best possible deals and helps organisations
and projects achieve their goals. This is especially true when different
procurements types have its own risks which usually derived from
variables that have a major influence on risk management namely the
project delivery method, form of payment, and use of collaboration or
partnering arrangements. This calls for a study on the transaction costs
within different construction procurement types to assists the clients in
deciding the best procurement routes suitable for their projects’ nature
and characteristics. Transaction costs analysis will help identify the costs
involved in searching and information costs, bargaining and decision
costs and policing and enforcements costs within the procurement
supply chain. The research outcome will eventually minimise the costs
of describing eventualities and actions that cannot be accurately
foreseen. This study is vital in the construction industry especially with
the recent trend in BIM adoption contract procurement which was said
to be drafted as an alternative to resolves issues underlying the
traditional contract procurement.
International Research Innovation, Invention & Solution Exposition (IRIISE 2018)
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Keywords: decision making, procurement selection, transaction costs
analysis
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DEVELOPMENT OF TRAINING NEEDS ASSESSMENT
IN CONSTRUCTION INDUSTRY ORGANIZATIONS
Nurul Safwah Mohd Yusoff1, Faizul Azli Mohd Rahim2, Loo Siaw
Chuing3 1, 2, 3 Centre for Building, Construction, & Tropical Architecture, Faculty
of Built Environment, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
In the current competitive environment, great emphasis is placed on the
knowledge and skills of the workforce as important elements in
achieving construction industry organizational goals. Given the focus on
employee skills has increased, it is crucial for the organizational
programs and initiatives to ensure that the training undertaken to
develop such skills is not sporadic, but is part of a continuous effort to
ensure that employees' skills are relevant to current needs. A training
needs assessment is a strategic step to know the right training program
for the organizations and employees. The purpose of this descriptive
study is to make systematic, factual and accurate explanations of the
facts, the nature and the relationship between the phenomena
investigated. Source of data in this study is the source of literatures and
descriptive analysis technique is used as data analysis technique to
describe the object to be studied. This study will discuss how
construction industry organizations establish training programs, which
involves evaluating the components of the training system and training
needs planning based on competence. This evaluation aims to find out
about the training and human resource development systems in the
construction industry organization which includes the components of
training system.
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192
RECYCLING OF END-OF-LIFE VEHICLES (ELVS) FOR
BUILDING PRODUCTS: CONCEPT OF PROCESSING
FRAMEWORK FROM AUTOMOTIVE TO
CONSTRUCTION INDUSTRIES IN MALAYSIA
Yee Choong Wong, Karam M. Al-Obaidi, Norhayati Mahyuddin
University of Malaya
End-of-life vehicle (ELV) waste management and its immeasurable
environmental impacts are the subjects of global concern. This study
proposes a new concept of a processing framework to utilise ELV waste
from automotive to construction industries by starting a new trend of
circular economy applications to improve ELV recyclability. The
research focuses on building a strong collaboration between automotive
and construction industries to manage ELV waste in Malaysia. A
systematic review approach based on classification and comparison
methods was utilised to synthesise the findings through critical analysis.
The concept was developed on the basis of existing ELV policies and
legislation, processing framework, waste management and recycling
possibilities for converting ELVs into building products. The findings
corroborate that ELV waste in the dismantling and shredding operations
can be utilised by the construction industry. The analysis and proposed
framework established a source of information that provides a new
paradigm for prioritising building product development and related
policies in Malaysia. This research will provide a viable option for
reducing the disposal problems and curbing the dependence on raw
materials in Malaysia.
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193
DEVELOPING A BUILDING DETERIORATION
PREDICTION MODEL (BDPM) FOR PUBLIC SCHOOLS
IN PENINSULAR MALAYSIA
Syamilah Yacob, Azlan Shah Ali and Au Yong Cheong Peng
University of Malaya
The inefficiencies of the building maintenance system can inflict to
defects and damages to the building. In General, most of the
Government buildings are not given extensive attention while
maintenance work is carried out especially to school buildings. This
matter should be taken seriously because it has caused the cost of
maintenance increased dramatically as well as expenditure was invested
in preparing the building. The problem can caused various effects and
negative impact to the user and owner of the building if the problems
are not addressed systematically. So that there is a necessity to enhance
to current processes of maintenance system to improve the government
service delivery. The triangulation approach used in the study with a
combination of quantitative and qualitative methods for data collection.
Three hundred and three (303) of school building were selected as case
study based on population research. The schools were selected based on
criteria set up in the study such as the school age, types, level and region
Literature review and analysis of archived documentation were carried
out to identify the factors contributed to building defects. From the
archived documentation also, the condition of the building were
assessed using Public Work Department (PWD) Building Condition
Assessment Rating Systems (BCARS) for data collection. Then
correlation analysis were done to test the relationship between the
variables identified and condition of the building using the Statistical
Package for Social Science (SPSS). In addition, the study also produced a
regression model that can be used to forecast changes to the
deterioration of the condition of the building. Semi structured interviews
were conducted for twelve (12) officers from Public Work Department
(PWD) in order to validate the findings of the results obtained. The
study identified twenty one (21) reliable variables concerned with the
factors contribute to building defects. From the result analysis also
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shown that the six (6) variables have a strong relationship with the
building condition. The factors which have a strong significant
correlated to building condition are lack of maintenance, vandalism,
poor waterproofing, lack of supervision, lack of cleaning and misuse by
users. The results also shown that these factors is the main causes at
most school buildings in Malaysia. These factors need to be taken in
order to overcome existing maintenance. Then, the results produced the
logistic regression model for four (4) variables that caused building
defects towards building condition based on the following
circumstances with P [Building Condition]: Z = -3.479 + 0.658 (PW) +
0.755 (LOM) + 0.445 (LOC). As conclusion, in order to improve the
current government maintenance system, the strategic asset
management approach effectively implemented. Regression model
produced will be a tool used to forecast changes or deterioration of the
building condition. Besides that it is also to make a decision that is more
efficient, a more comprehensive budgeting, optimal maintenance and
repair work, estimating the probability of risks and forecast standard
lifetime building element can be specified.
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(RE) THINKING OF POVERTY ALLEVIATION
AMONG IBAN COMMUNITY IN SARAWAK BY
USING MULTIDIMENSIONAL POVERTY INDEX
(MPI)
Peter Aning Tedong1; Rohana Jani2; Azmah Othman3; Muhammad Fuad
Abdullah4 and Zafirah Al-Sadat Zyed5 1Department of Urban & Regional Planning, Faculty Of Built
Environment, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia 2Department of Applied Statistic, Faculty of Economics and
Administration, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia 3Department of Development Studies, Faculty of Economics and
Administration, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia 4Institute Graduate Studies, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lmmpur,
Malaysia 5Department of Estate Management, Faculty Of Built Environment,
University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
To date, poverty is measured by using one dimension (i.e. income or
expenses) well known as Poverty Line Index (PLI). Nevertheless, PLI
measurement does not actually reflect the deprivation and standard of
living of the targeted population. Introduced by the United Nations
Development Programme (UNDP), the multidimensional poverty
analysis can be used to measure multiple dimensions of actual poverty
deprivation. Therefore, this study aims to investigate the poverty
incidents in Song, Sarawak by adopting Multidimensional Poverty Index
(MPI) analysis. This study involved 40 Head of Household (HoH) of
Iban community in Song, Sarawak. Our results, among others, indicate
that most of the Iban’s households are deprived in waste management
indicator (83%) followed by sanitation (80%) and Asset Management
(75%). This finding is important for policy maker and responsible bodies
to implement the effective poverty eradication programs for Iban
community especially on education.
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Keywords: Poverty Line Index (PLI), deprivation, standard of living,
multidimensional poverty, Iban community
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WALKING: ONE SIZE DOESN’T FIT ALL
Rosilawati Binti Zainol, Numera Nazneen
Department of Urban and Regional Planning, University of Malaya
The presentation tries to establish the fact that climatic characteristics
along with other different factors can influence walking. The study also
shows that initiatives taken to ensure comfortable walking by improving
physical condition may not be sufficient to meet the needs of the
pedestrians. Standard of physical characteristics of walking environment
can be common everywhere but response to the climate can be different.
Degree of comfort in different regions have been identi fied using
Humidex Index and Canadian Humidex Calculator. The index shows
how different the temperature, humidity and degree of comfort are
throughout the world. Results of different studies were mentioned to
identify different factors which influnce walking. Finally, the study tries
to prove that, not all the people have common factors to consider
whether or not they should walk.