CONSUMER PRICE INDEX AUSTRALIA - Australian …...Series Australian Consumer Price Index, Australia, September 2011 (cat. no. 6470.0), which was released on 22 September 2011. Details

2.60.3Weighted median

2.30.3Trimmed mean

3.50.4All groups CPI, seasonally adjusted

CPI analytical series

4.50.7Insurance and financial services

5.80.1Education

–0.10.9Recreation and culture

0.60.0Communication

4.30.1Transport

3.7–1.0Health

–0.50.2Furnishings, household equipment and services

4.21.9Housing

1.21.5Clothing and footwear

3.00.5Alcohol and tobacco

6.4–0.2Food and non-alcoholic beverages

3.50.6All groups CPI

% change% change

Sep Qtr 2010 toSep Qtr 2011

Jun Qtr 2011 toSep Qtr 2011

W E I G H T E D A V E R A G E O F E I G H TC A P I T A L C I T I E S

K E Y F I G U R E S

T H E A L L G R O U P S C P I

rose 0.6% in the September quarter 2011, compared with a rise of 0.9% in the June

quarter 2011.

rose 3.5% through the year to the September quarter 2011, compared with a rise of 3.6%

through the year to the June quarter 2011.

O V E R V I E W O F C P I M O V E M E N T S

The most significant price rises this quarter were for electricity (+7.8%), international

holiday travel and accommodation (+5.1%), rents (+1.2%), water and sewerage (+8.6%)

and property rates and charges (+5.2%).

The most significant price falls this quarter were for pharmaceutical products (–5.0%),

audio, visual and computing equipment (–3.3%), automotive fuel (–1.4%), vegetables

(–2.5%), motor vehicles (–1.0%) and fruit (–1.2%).

K E Y P O I N T S

E M B A R G O : 1 1 . 3 0 A M ( C A N B E R R A T I M E ) W E D 2 6 O C T 2 0 1 1

CONSUMER PRICE INDEX A U S T R A L I A

6401.0S E P T E M B E R Q U A R T E R 2 0 1 1

For further informationabout these and relatedstatistics, contact theNational Information andReferral Service on1300 135 070.

All Groups CPIQuarterly change

Sep2002

Sep2005

Sep2008

Sep2011

%

–0.5

0

0.5

1.0

1.5

2.0

Contribution to quarterly change

All groups CPIF. & n–a.b.

A. & t.C. & f.

HousingF.,h.e & s.

HealthTransp.Comm.R. & c.Educ.

I. & f.s.

–0.5 0 0.5 1.0 1.5Index points

I N Q U I R I E S

w w w . a b s . g o v . a u

henswi

Placed Image

24 October 2012September 2012

25 July 2012June 2012

24 April 2012March 2012

25 January 2012December 2011

RELEASE DATEISSUE (Quarter)FO R T H C O M I N G I S S U E S

For further information about these and related statistics, contact the National

Information and Referral Service on 1300 135 070.

I N Q U I R I E S

Any discrepancies between totals and sums of components in this publication are due to

rounding.

RO U N D I N G

This issue introduces the 16th Series Australian Consumer Price Index (CPI), that

incorporates an updated weighting pattern, new commodity classification, some new

analytical series and some other changes. For more details of changes resulting from the

introduction of the 16th series CPI, refer to Information Paper: Introduction of the 16th

Series Australian Consumer Price Index, Australia, September 2011 (cat. no. 6470.0),

which was released on 22 September 2011. Details of the new weighting pattern have

also been released in Consumer Price Index, 16th Series Weighting Pattern (cat. no.

6471.0). As a consequence of reweighting, the points contribution for the June quarter

2011 shown in Tables 7, 8 and 14 differ from that published in the previous issue of this

publication.

The Special series (Table 8) and Analytical series (Tables 9 and 10) have been combined

into one table - Analytical series (Table 8). As a result, there have been changes to some

other table numbers. See page 11 for the new list of tables. An additional time series

spreadsheet, 'Seasonally adjusted index numbers' (Table 15), containing the index

numbers for the expenditure classes identified as seasonal in the 16th series CPI, is also

available on the website.

Appendix 1 of this issue describes the analytical series: goods and services, international

trade exposure, seasonally adjusted expenditure classes and volatile items, presented in

Table 8 of this publication. There have been some changes to the groups, sub-groups

and expenditure classes contributing to each of the analytical series as a result of the

introduction of the 16th Series CPI.

Appendix 2 of this issue contains an article describing the treatment of child care services

in the Australian Consumer Price Index.

CH A N G E S IN TH I S I S S U E

not elsewhere classifiedn.e.c.

Consumer Price IndexCPI

Australian Bureau of StatisticsABSAB B R E V I A T I O N S

B r i a n P i n k

Au s t r a l i a n S t a t i s t i c i a n

2 A B S • CO N S U M E R P R I C E I N D E X • 6 4 0 1 . 0 • SE P QT R 2 0 1 1

N O T E S

The clothing and footwear group rose in the September quarter 2011. The main

contributors to the movement were accessories (+3.3%), footwear for women (+5.1%)

and garments for men (+1.5%), partially offset by a fall in footwear for men (–1.2%). The

rises were due in part to prices rebounding from the sales in the June quarter 2011, as

well as the arrival of new season clothing and footwear.

CL O T H I N G AN D

FO O T W E A R GR O U P

(+ 1 . 5 % )

The recreation and culture group rose in the September quarter 2011, mainly due to

price increases in international holiday travel and accommodation (+5.1%) and domestic

holiday travel and accommodation (+1.7%). The most significant offsetting movement

was recorded in audio, visual and computing equipment (–3.3%).

The rise in international holiday travel and accommodation was attributable to increased

airfares to most surveyed destinations, coinciding with the shoulder/peak season in Asia

and continuing peak season in Europe and North America. In the CPI, airfares are

collected in advance (at the time of payment), but only used in the CPI in the quarter in

which the trip is undertaken. International airfares are collected two months in advance

(January for travel in March) and domestic airfares are collected one month in advance

(January for February).

Over the twelve months to the September quarter 2011, the recreation and culture

group fell 0.1%.

RE C R E A T I O N AN D

CU L T U R E GR O U P (+ 0 . 9 % )

The housing group rose in the September quarter 2011. The main contributors to the

movement were electricity (+7.8%), water and sewerage (+8.6%) and property rates and

charges (+5.2%) all primarily due to annual price increases in July. Also contributing to

the rise was rents (+1.2%) which was driven by rises in Sydney and Canberra.

Over the twelve months to the September quarter 2011, the housing group rose 4.2%.

HO U S I N G GR O U P (+ 1 . 9 % )

All groups CPIFood and non-alcoholic beverages

Alcohol and tobaccoClothing and footwear

HousingFurnishings, household equipment and services

HealthTransport

CommunicationRecreation and culture

EducationInsurance and financial services

–2 –1 0 1 2 3 4%

WEIGHTED AVERAGE OF EIGHT CAPITAL CIT IES, Percen tage changefrom prev ious quar te r

The discussion of the CPI groups below is ordered in terms of their absolute significance

to the change in All groups index points for the quarter (see Tables 6 and 7).

CP I GR O U P S

MA I N CO N T R I B U T O R S TO CH A N G E

A B S • CO N S U M E R P R I C E I N D E X • 6 4 0 1 . 0 • SE P QT R 2 0 1 1 3

M A I N C O N T R I B U T O R S T O C H A N G E

The furnishings, household equipment and services group rose in the September

quarter 2011, with an increase in glassware, tableware and household utensils (+3.3%).

Furniture (–0.9%) provided the largest offsetting fall.

Child care (+1.8%) recorded a rise this quarter, primarily due to price rises at most

providers which were partially offset by an increase in the maximum rate of Child Care

Benefit (CCB) from 4 July 2011. For further information, please see Appendix 2 on page

39 of this issue.

Over the twelve months to the September quarter 2011, the furnishings, household

equipment and services group fell 0.5%.

FU R N I S H I N G S ,

HO U S E H O L D EQ U I P M E N T

AN D SE R V I C E S GR O U P

(+ 0 . 2 % )

The alcohol and tobacco group rose in the September quarter 2011. The main

contributor to the rise was tobacco (+1.8%) partially due to the effects of the federal

excise tax increase from August 2011.

Over the twelve months to the September quarter 2011, the alcohol and tobacco group

rose 3.0%.

AL C O H O L AN D TO B A C C O

GR O U P (+ 0 . 5 % )

The insurance and financial services group rose in the September quarter 2011. The

main contributor was insurance (+2.8%), primarily due to rises in premiums for house

and household contents insurance.

Deposit and loan facilities (direct charges) fell 0.5%, mainly due to decreases in credit

card and home loan packaging fees.

Over the twelve months to the September quarter 2011, the insurance and financial

services group rose 4.5%.

I N S U R A N C E AN D

F I N A N C I A L SE R V I C E S

GR O U P (+ 0 . 7 % )

The food and non–alcoholic beverages group fell in the September quarter 2011. The

most significant contributors were vegetables (–2.5%) and fruit (–1.2%). The falls for

vegetables and fruit were mainly driven by seasonal factors and favourable weather

conditions in growing areas, which resulted in increased supplies. Take away and fast

food (+1.0%) provided the most significant offset.

Over the twelve months to the September quarter 2011, the food and non–alcoholic

beverages group rose 6.4%. Fruit rose 65.8% over the twelve months to the September

quarter 2011 mainly due to increases in the price of bananas due to shortages created by

Cyclone Yasi in February 2011.

FO O D AN D

NO N – A L C O H O L I C

BE V E R A G E S GR O U P

(– 0 . 2 % )

The health group fell in the September quarter 2011. The main contributor to this fall

was pharmaceutical products (–5.0%), mainly due to a greater proportion of consumers

exceeding the Pharmaceutical Benefits Scheme safety net compared to the June quarter

2011. Therapeutic appliances and equipment (+4.1%) and dental services (+1.1%)

provided partial offsetting movements.

Over the twelve months to the September quarter 2011, the health group rose 3.7%.

HE A L T H GR O U P ( – 1 . 0 % )

Over the twelve months to the September quarter 2011, the clothing and footwear group

rose 1.2%.

CL O T H I N G AN D

FO O T W E A R GR O U P

(+ 1 . 5 % ) continued


M A I N C O N T R I B U T O R S T O C H A N G E continued

The International trade exposure series were reviewed and updated for the 16th series.

There were five changes of classification. 'Cakes and biscuits' and 'Jams, honey and

spreads' were reclassified from non–tradable to tradable. 'Waters, soft drinks and juices',

'Newspapers, magazines and stationery' and 'Pets and related products' were reclassified

from tradable to non–tradable. A detailed description of which expenditure classes are

classified as tradable and non–tradable in the 16th series is shown in Appendix 1. These

changes are included from the September quarter 2011. The historical tradable and

non–tradable series will not be revised.

I N T E R N A T I O N A L TR A D E

EX P O S U R E – TR A D A B L E S

AN D NO N – T R A D A B L E S

The communication group recorded no movement in the September quarter 2011 due

to a fall in telecommunication equipment and services (–0.2%) and an offsetting rise in

postal services (+2.4%).

Over the twelve months to the September quarter 2011, the communication group rose

0.6%.

CO M M U N I C A T I O N GR O U P

(0 . 0 % )

The education group rose in the September quarter 2011. The only contributor to the

movement was preschool and primary education (+0.2%).

Over the twelve months to the September quarter 2011, the education group rose 5.8%.

ED U C A T I O N GR O U P

(+ 0 . 1 % )

Over the twelve months to the September quarter 2011, the transport group rose 4.3%.

AVERAGE PRICE OF UNLEADED PETROL (91 Octane), cents per litre

Sep 10 Dec 10 Mar 11 Jun 11 Sep 11Quarter

cents

110

120

130

140

150

160 Daily averageQuarterly average

The transport group rose in the September quarter 2011. The main contributors were

maintenance and repair of motor vehicles (+3.8%) and other services in respect of

motor vehicles (+2.1%). Automotive fuel (–1.4%) and motor vehicles (–1.0%) recorded

the largest offsetting falls.

Automotive fuel rose in April (+1.4%), then fell in May (–0.1%) and June (–3.4%), rose in

July (+0.5%), fell in August (–0.2%) and then rose in September (+1.8%).

The following graph illustrates the movement of the average daily prices for unleaded

petrol for the eight capital cities over the last fifteen months.

TR A N S P O R T GR O U P

(+ 0 . 1 % )



As part of the introduction of the 16th series CPI, the ABS is including a range of new

analytical measures including the All groups CPI, seasonally adjusted series. A detailed

explanation of this series is available in Information Paper: Seasonal Adjustment of

Consumer Price Indexes, 2011 (cat. no. 6401.0.55.003) available on the ABS website. This

paper includes a description of the improved seasonal adjustment method applied and

some experimental estimates of the impact of the 16th series seasonal adjustment

method on the trimmed mean and weighted median series.

Since the release of the information paper, a regular annual seasonal reanalysis has been

undertaken. This has resulted in the inclusion of a trend break for tobacco to account for

an unusually large rise from the June quarter 2010.

In the September quarter 2011, the All groups CPI, seasonally adjusted rose 0.4%,

compared with the unadjusted All groups CPI rise of 0.6%. The All groups CPI, seasonally

adjusted was lower in the September quarter 2011 than the unadjusted All groups CPI as

the regular increase in components such as electricity, gas, water and sewage and

property rates and charges which occur every September quarter was dampened.

The trimmed mean rose 0.3% in the September quarter 2011, compared to a revised rise

of 0.8% in the June quarter 2011. Over the twelve months to the September quarter

2011, the trimmed mean rose 2.3% compared to a revised rise of 2.6% over the twelve

months to the June quarter 2011.

SE A S O N A L L Y AD J U S T E D

AN A L Y T I C A L SE R I E S

The tradables component (see Table 8) of the All groups CPI fell 0.2% in the September

quarter 2011. Prices for the goods and services in this component are largely determined

on the world market. The tradables component represents approximately 40% of the

weight of the CPI. The most significant contributors to the 0.5% fall in the tradable goods

component were pharmaceutical products, audio, visual and computing equipment,

automotive fuel, vegetables, motor vehicles, fruit and audio, visual and computing media

and services. The most significant offsetting rises were for tobacco, accessories, footwear

for women and glassware, tableware and household utensils. The rise in the tradable

services component of 5.0% was driven by international holiday travel and

accommodation.

The non–tradables component of the All groups CPI rose 1.2% in the September quarter

2011. Prices for the goods and services in this component are largely determined by

domestic price pressures. The non–tradables component represents approximately 60%

of the weight of the CPI. The non–tradable goods component rose 1.3% mainly due to

electricity, water and sewerage, gas and other household fuels, and take away and fast

foods. The non–tradable services component rose 1.1%, due to increases for rents,

property rates and charges, maintenance and repair of motor vehicles, insurance,

domestic holiday travel and accommodation, other services in respect of motor vehicles

and sports participation.

Over the twelve months to the September quarter 2011, the tradables component rose

3.3% and the non–tradables component rose 3.6%. This compares to both components

rising 3.6% through the year to the June quarter 2011.


EX P O S U R E – TR A D A B L E S

AN D NO N – T R A D A B L E S

continued



The weighted median rose 0.3% in the September quarter 2011, compared to a revised

rise of 0.8% in the June quarter 2011. Over the twelve months to the September quarter

2011, the weighted median rose 2.6% compared to a revised rise of 2.9% over the twelve

months to the June quarter 2011.



continued



At the All groups level, the CPI rose in all capital cities in the September quarter 2011.

The highest positive movement was recorded in Adelaide (+1.0%) followed by Hobart

(+0.8%). The remaining six cities increased between 0.2% and 0.7%.

The housing group was the most significant positive contributor in all cities with the

exception of Brisbane where the most significant positive contributor was the recreation

and culture group mainly due to holiday travel and accommodation price increases. The

largest increases for the housing group were recorded in Adelaide (+2.8%), Sydney

(+2.3%), Hobart (+2.3%), and Canberra (+2.1%) driven by increases in utilities prices.

At the eight capital cities level, the recreation and culture group was the second largest

positive contributor to the quarterly movement showing increases in all cities. The most

significant contributor was the increase in international holiday travel and

accommodation in seven of the eight capital cities, most notably Hobart (+6.2%) and

Perth (+5.9%). Domestic holiday travel and accommodation also recorded increases in

seven capital cities ranging from 1.0% in Sydney to 4.2% in Hobart partially offset by a fall

of 1.9% in Perth.

The health group was the largest negative contributor to the quarterly movement at the

eight capital cities level. The largest decreases for the health group were recorded in

Perth (–1.3%), Melbourne (–1.2%) and Brisbane (–1.1%). Darwin (+0.4%) was the only

city to record an increase in the health group in the September quarter 2011. All cities

recorded decreases for pharmaceutical products ranging from 3.4% in Darwin to 6.4% in

Perth.

Over the twelve months to the September quarter 2011, the All groups CPI rose in all

capital cities with the largest positive movement recorded in Adelaide (+4.0%). Perth

(+2.8%) and Darwin (+2.8%) recorded the smallest rises over the twelve months to the

September quarter 2011.

Sydney

Melbourne

Brisbane

Adelaide

Perth

Hobart

Darwin

Canberra

Weighted average of eight capital cities

0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0 1.2%

ALL GROUPS CPI , Percen tage change from prev ious quar te rAL L GR O U P S CP I

CA P I T A L C I T I E S CO M P A R I S O N


C A P I T A L C I T I E S C O M P A R I S O N

(a) Base of each index: 1989–90 = 100.0.

3.50.6179.4Weighted average of eight capital cities3.70.7179.9Canberra2.80.7176.7Darwin3.20.8177.9Hobart2.80.2178.8Perth4.01.0183.6Adelaide3.10.3184.7Brisbane3.60.6176.7Melbourne3.70.7178.8Sydney

Sep Qtr 2010 to

Sep Qtr 2011

Jun Qtr 2011 to

Sep Qtr 2011

Sep Qtr

2011

PERCENTAGE CHANGEINDEXNUMBER(a)

ALL GROUPS CPI , Al l groups index numbers and percen tage changesAL L GR O U P S CP I continued


C A P I T A L C I T I E S C O M P A R I S O N continued

CPI expenditure class, seasonally adjusted index numbers, weighted

average of eight capital cities

15

CPI group, sub–group and expenditure class, points contribution by

capital city

14

CPI group, sub–group and expenditure class, percentage change from

previous quarter by capital city

13

CPI group, sub–group and expenditure class, percentage change from

corresponding quarter of previous year by capital city

12

CPI group, sub–group and expenditure class, index numbers by

capital city

11

AD D I T I O N A L CP I TA B L E S AV A I L A B L E ON AB S WE B S I T E

29

International comparisons, All groups CPI excluding Housing and

Insurance and financial services, percentage changes

10. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

28

International comparisons, All groups CPI excluding Housing and

Insurance and financial services, index numbers

9. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

27Analytical series, weighted average of eight capital cities8 . . . . . . . . . . . . .24

CPI group, sub–group and expenditure class, weighted average of eight

capital cities

7. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

21Contribution to change in All groups CPI6 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .18CPI groups, index numbers5 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .16

CPI groups, weighted average of eight capital cities, percentage

changes

4. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

14CPI groups, weighted average of eight capital cities, index numbers3 . . . . . .13All groups CPI, percentage changes2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .12All groups CPI, index numbers1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

CO N S U M E R PR I C E IN D E X

page


L I S T O F T A B L E S

(a) Unless otherwise specified, base of each index: 1989–90 = 100.0.

179.4179.9176.7177.9178.8183.6184.7176.7178.8September178.3178.7175.4176.5178.4181.8184.1175.6177.6June176.7176.8173.7174.9176.1180.0182.3174.4175.9March

2011174.0174.2171.8172.6174.1177.1180.0171.5173.1December173.3173.4171.9172.4174.0176.6179.1170.5172.5September172.1172.3170.1170.7173.2175.0177.3169.5171.1June171.0171.7168.7170.0171.6173.7176.0168.5170.5March



2008160.1160.8157.1159.2160.2163.1163.4158.5159.5December158.6159.2156.6157.9158.9161.5161.7156.9158.1September

2007

175.6175.8173.2174.1175.7178.9181.4173.0174.82010–11170.3171.1168.7169.3170.8173.4175.5167.5169.72009–10166.4167.5163.6164.9166.6169.7171.0164.1165.82008–09161.4162.0158.3160.3161.7164.4164.8159.6160.92007–08

Weighted

average

of eight

capital

citiesCanberraDarwinHobartPerthAdelaideBrisbaneMelbourneSydneyPe r i od

ALL GROUPS CPI , Index numbers (a )1



20110.40.5–0.10.10.10.30.50.60.3December0.70.61.11.00.50.91.00.60.8September0.60.30.80.40.90.70.70.60.4June0.90.60.50.81.10.60.71.30.8March

20100.50.4–0.10.60.60.30.30.60.6December1.00.91.91.20.81.11.30.61.1September0.50.61.10.50.80.60.60.30.4June0.10.40.10.2–0.10.00.20.20.1March

2009–0.3–0.4–0.4–0.2–0.3–0.3–0.2–0.5–0.2December1.21.51.71.11.01.31.41.21.1September1.51.21.51.01.61.31.71.21.5June1.31.40.91.31.41.51.31.31.4March


2007

PE R C E N T A G E CH A N G E ( f r o m p r e v i o u s qu a r t e r )






2007

PE R C E N T A G E CH A N G E ( f r o m co r r e s p o n d i n g qu a r t e r o f p r e v i o u s y e a r )

3.12.72.72.82.93.23.43.33.02010–112.32.13.12.72.52.22.62.12.42009–103.13.43.32.93.03.23.82.83.02008–093.43.63.53.03.63.34.13.53.02007–08

PE R C E N T A G E CH A N G E ( f r o m p r e v i o u s f i n a n c i a l y e a r )

Weighted

average

of eight

capital

citiesCanberraDarwinHobartPerthAdelaideBrisbaneMelbourneSydneyPe r i od

ALL GROUPS CPI , Percentage changes2



274.6128.4170.2110.3308.6201.9September277.4128.1167.1108.7307.0202.4June271.9126.2166.4106.1305.0199.6March

2011261.7128.2164.3106.9301.8194.0December264.8129.0163.3109.0299.5189.8September266.8128.0159.7107.5290.6190.7June261.1126.8158.8107.5274.3191.3March



2008226.9123.5139.3109.8248.2175.9December229.3122.5137.8109.6245.0176.1September

2007

269.0127.9165.3107.7303.3196.52010–11257.2128.0157.6109.9276.3189.52009–10245.4125.1149.0110.2263.6186.52008–09233.5123.4140.6109.3249.8177.82007–08

Health

Furnishings,

household equipment

and servicesHousing

Clothing and

footwear

Alcohol and

tobacco

Food and

non–alcoholic

beveragesPe r i od

CPI GROUPS, Weighted average of eigh t cap i ta l ci t ies —Index numbers (a )3


(b) Base: June quarter 2005 = 100.0.(a) Unless otherwise specified, base of each index: 1989–90 = 100.0.

179.4116.2332.4136.4112.7172.6September178.3115.4332.2135.2112.7172.4June176.7113.6332.2136.0112.2170.3March




2008160.1108.0268.6136.2111.2163.3December158.6105.8268.6135.1111.2159.4September

2007

175.6112.7323.2136.1112.3168.52010–11170.3109.3305.4137.7112.4164.92009–10166.4111.6289.1137.1112.0163.72008–09161.4109.4275.6135.7111.2165.22007–08

All groups CPI

Insurance and

financial services(b)Education

Recreation

and cultureCommunicationTransportPe r i o d

CPI GROUPS, Weighted average of eigh t cap i ta l ci t ies —Index numbers (a ) co n t i n u e d3


–1.00.21.91.50.5–0.2September2.01.50.42.50.71.4June3.9–1.61.3–0.71.12.9March

2011–1.2–0.60.6–1.90.82.2December–0.70.82.31.43.1–0.5September2.20.90.60.05.9–0.3June4.7–1.31.5–4.31.31.1March

2010–0.90.00.80.20.51.4December–1.00.62.90.30.7–0.8September2.32.20.82.10.9–0.9June4.40.80.9–0.51.02.2March

2009–1.20.30.70.41.42.0December–0.2–0.92.6–0.71.41.4September2.41.61.13.01.9–0.1June4.0–0.61.9–2.41.02.1March

2008–1.00.81.10.21.3–0.1December–0.5–2.41.80.40.61.9September

2007


3.7–0.54.21.23.06.4September4.00.14.61.15.66.1June4.1–0.54.8–1.311.24.3March

20115.0–0.25.0–4.811.42.5December5.20.45.2–2.811.21.7September5.00.25.8–3.88.71.4June5.11.46.1–1.83.50.7March


20094.90.46.50.25.85.6December5.10.96.80.05.83.4September4.8–0.66.01.14.83.9June4.6–0.75.7–0.53.85.7March

20084.1–1.04.81.63.61.2December4.3–1.64.21.03.11.8September

2007


4.6–0.14.9–2.09.83.72010–114.82.35.8–0.34.81.62009–105.11.46.00.85.54.92008–094.5–1.05.20.83.83.12007–08


Health

Furnishings,

household equipment

and servicesHousing

Clothing and

footwear

Alcohol and

tobacco

Food and

non-alcoholic

beverages

CPI GROUPS, Weighted average of eigh t cap i ta l ci t ies —Percentage changes4


(a) Base: June quarter 2005 = 100.0.

0.60.70.10.90.00.1September0.91.60.0–0.60.41.2June1.62.65.7–0.60.12.7March

20110.4–0.40.00.20.10.2December0.70.50.10.7–0.3–0.6September0.60.20.0–1.8–0.10.7June0.92.05.6–1.0–0.11.3March

20100.50.70.11.50.0–0.8December1.00.90.00.70.01.9September0.5–1.70.1–0.10.31.6June0.1–6.35.4–1.10.4–1.5March

2009–0.3–0.30.00.50.4–6.9December1.21.7–0.51.30.21.0September1.53.80.0–0.20.13.1June1.31.75.2–0.3–0.11.9March

20080.92.10.00.80.02.4December0.72.0–1.01.40.0–0.7September

2007


3.54.55.8–0.10.64.3September3.64.25.9–0.30.43.5June3.32.85.9–1.5–0.23.0March

20112.72.25.7–1.9–0.41.7December2.83.45.8–0.7–0.40.6September3.13.95.7–0.6–0.23.2June2.92.05.71.20.24.1March

20102.1–6.35.61.10.61.2December1.3–7.25.60.11.0–5.1September1.5–6.65.10.71.2–5.9June2.5–1.45.00.51.0–4.6March

20093.77.04.81.30.5–1.2December5.09.54.71.60.28.7September4.59.94.21.70.06.9June4.26.84.31.40.16.8March

20083.04.94.11.00.45.6December1.93.24.11.60.8–0.9September

2007


3.13.15.8–1.2–0.12.22010–112.3–2.15.60.40.40.72009–103.12.04.91.00.7–0.92008–093.46.24.21.40.44.62007–08


All groups CPI

Insurance and

financial

services(a)Education

Recreation

and cultureCommunicationTransport

CPI GROUPS, Weighted average of eigh t cap i ta l ci t ies —Percentage changes co n t i n u e d4






2009

HO U S I N G




2009

CL O T H I N G AN D FO O T W E A R




2009

AL C O H O L AN D TO B A C C O




2009

FO O D AN D NO N – A L C O H O L I C BE V E R A G E S

Weighted

average

of eight

capital

citiesCanberraDarwinHobartPerthAdelaideBrisbaneMelbourneSydneyQua r t e r s

CPI GROUPS, Index numbers (a )5






2009

CO M M U N I C A T I O N




2009

TR A N S P O R T




2009

HE A L T H




2009

FU R N I S H I N G S , HO U S E H O L D EQ U I P M E N T AN D SE R V I C E S

Weighted

average

of eight

capital


CPI GROUPS, Index numbers (a ) co n t i n u e d5


(b) Base: June quarter 2005 = 100.0.(a) Unless otherwise specified, base of each index: 1989–90 =100.0.




2009

I N S U R A N C E AN D F I N A N C I A L SE R V I C E S (b)




2009

ED U C A T I O N




2009

RE C R E A T I O N AN D CU L T U R E

Weighted

average

of eight

capital


CPI GROUPS, Index numbers (a ) co n t i n u e d5


0.000.000.000.010.010.000.010.000.00Cleaning, repair and hire of clothing and footwear0.05–0.050.01–0.06–0.030.120.050.040.06Accessories0.04–0.040.01–0.05–0.020.120.060.050.06Accessories and clothing services0.010.000.000.010.000.010.000.000.01Footwear for infants and children0.03–0.01–0.030.05–0.050.07–0.020.110.00Footwear for women0.000.00–0.010.000.000.01–0.010.00–0.02Footwear for men0.030.01–0.030.05–0.040.09–0.030.110.00Footwear0.000.00–0.04–0.050.010.020.01–0.020.02Garments for infants and children0.01–0.030.03–0.03–0.08–0.010.030.050.00Garments for women0.02–0.020.03–0.02–0.02–0.040.050.030.04Garments for men0.03–0.050.02–0.10–0.09–0.040.080.050.06Garments0.10–0.090.00–0.10–0.160.180.120.210.13Clothing and footwear

0.070.080.090.150.090.110.070.060.06Tobacco0.070.080.090.150.090.110.070.060.06Tobacco0.00–0.020.090.040.030.000.00–0.020.01Beer0.00–0.01–0.030.050.03–0.050.010.01–0.03Wine

–0.01–0.010.010.020.000.000.000.01–0.03Spirits–0.01–0.040.080.110.06–0.050.000.00–0.04Alcoholic beverages0.060.040.180.260.150.050.080.070.03Alcohol and tobacco

0.040.120.100.050.050.040.030.040.03Take away and fast foods0.020.060.080.050.040.030.030.010.01Restaurant meals0.060.200.180.100.090.070.070.050.06Meals out and take away foods0.000.030.030.01–0.02–0.02–0.030.000.02Waters, soft drinks and juices0.00–0.010.000.010.010.00–0.010.000.00Coffee, tea and cocoa0.000.010.030.02–0.02–0.02–0.040.000.02Non-alcoholic beverages0.010.000.02–0.010.020.00–0.01–0.010.01Other food products n.e.c.0.000.030.010.01–0.01–0.020.02–0.020.00Snacks and confectionery0.000.010.000.010.000.000.010.000.00Oils and fats0.010.000.01–0.010.020.000.000.000.01Food additives and condiments0.00–0.010.000.00–0.010.010.02–0.010.00Jams, honey and spreads0.000.01–0.010.000.000.000.000.000.00Eggs0.000.020.03–0.010.020.000.01–0.030.02Food products n.e.c.

–0.07–0.09–0.02–0.09–0.080.00–0.18–0.07–0.01Vegetables–0.04–0.020.010.07–0.17–0.010.020.01–0.06Fruit–0.09–0.11–0.01–0.01–0.25–0.02–0.16–0.06–0.06Fruit and vegetables–0.01–0.020.01–0.05–0.020.00–0.010.01–0.02Ice cream and other dairy products0.010.010.000.000.010.000.000.010.00Cheese0.000.000.000.010.000.000.010.000.00Milk0.00–0.010.01–0.04–0.010.00–0.010.02–0.01Dairy and related products0.00–0.02–0.01–0.01–0.010.000.000.000.01Fish and other seafood0.000.020.020.010.010.020.000.02–0.01Other meats

–0.01–0.02–0.020.020.00–0.02–0.02–0.01–0.01Poultry–0.01–0.02–0.01–0.010.00–0.010.00–0.02–0.03Lamb and goat–0.01–0.040.02–0.020.010.00–0.020.000.00Pork–0.01–0.02–0.010.00–0.010.000.00–0.01–0.01Beef and veal–0.04–0.09–0.03–0.010.00–0.01–0.06–0.03–0.04Meat and seafoods0.010.000.010.01–0.010.00–0.010.000.01Other cereal products0.010.010.020.010.01–0.010.010.020.01Breakfast cereals

–0.01–0.01–0.02–0.010.00–0.010.03–0.02–0.03Cakes and biscuits–0.01–0.01–0.030.000.020.00–0.01–0.01–0.04Bread–0.01–0.01–0.010.020.03–0.020.01–0.01–0.04Bread and cereal products–0.080.020.200.07–0.14–0.01–0.18–0.05–0.06Food and non-alcoholic beverages

Weighted

average

of eight

capital

citiesCanberraDarwinHobartPerthAdelaideBrisbaneMelbourneSydneyGroup , sub–g r oup and expend i t u r e c l a s s

CONTRIBUT ION TO CHANGE IN ALL GROUPS CPI— Sep Qtr 20116


0.010.040.010.000.010.020.020.000.00Urban transport fares0.010.040.010.000.010.020.020.000.00Urban transport fares0.050.100.030.050.040.220.090.030.01Other services in respect of motor vehicles0.110.180.050.090.090.070.110.070.16Maintenance and repair of motor vehicles

–0.09–0.05–0.08–0.13–0.09–0.10–0.06–0.11–0.07Automotive fuel0.01–0.020.00–0.020.01–0.02–0.010.030.01Spare parts and accessories for motor vehicles

–0.06–0.310.10–0.04–0.13–0.12–0.060.00–0.05Motor vehicles0.01–0.090.11–0.05–0.080.030.060.010.05Private motoring0.03–0.050.12–0.04–0.070.050.060.010.05Transport

0.010.020.030.010.020.000.010.000.02Dental services–0.010.030.040.000.00–0.01–0.02–0.01–0.02Medical and hospital services0.000.050.050.020.01–0.01–0.01–0.020.01Medical, dental and hospital services0.010.010.030.000.010.000.020.010.01Therapeutic appliances and equipment

–0.10–0.08–0.05–0.11–0.14–0.10–0.11–0.10–0.10Pharmaceutical products–0.09–0.07–0.02–0.11–0.13–0.09–0.10–0.08–0.09Medical products, appliances and equipment–0.09–0.020.03–0.11–0.13–0.10–0.11–0.10–0.08Health

0.010.000.000.000.020.020.010.000.02Other household services0.000.020.010.020.000.010.02–0.010.00Hairdressing and personal grooming services0.020.160.000.030.050.030.020.020.00Child care0.040.180.000.050.090.060.040.010.02Domestic and household services0.00–0.020.030.020.000.000.01–0.050.05Other non-durable household products0.00–0.020.060.000.080.03–0.050.00–0.01Personal care products0.010.020.020.020.010.01–0.010.010.00Cleaning and maintenance products0.01–0.020.110.040.090.04–0.05–0.030.04Non-durable household products

–0.010.01–0.010.000.00–0.01–0.020.00–0.01Tools and equipment for house and garden0.03–0.040.030.060.000.010.010.030.05Glassware, tableware and household utensils0.010.010.000.000.010.010.010.000.01Small electric household appliances0.000.020.00–0.03–0.030.04–0.010.00–0.01Major household appliances0.020.000.020.02–0.020.06–0.010.020.03Household appliances, utensils and tools0.01–0.05–0.04–0.01–0.09–0.02–0.010.060.02Household textiles0.01–0.05–0.04–0.01–0.09–0.02–0.010.060.02Household textiles0.000.000.000.000.00–0.010.000.000.01Carpets and other floor coverings

–0.02–0.04–0.13–0.01–0.070.04–0.04–0.02–0.01Furniture–0.02–0.04–0.13–0.01–0.070.04–0.04–0.020.00Furniture and furnishings0.040.07–0.050.08–0.010.16–0.060.040.09Furnishings, household equipment and services

0.050.100.000.010.090.090.030.030.05Gas and other household fuels0.280.160.110.610.160.500.210.000.55Electricity0.140.190.240.040.000.300.120.220.08Water and sewerage0.460.450.340.670.250.880.360.250.68Utilities0.120.080.080.110.130.140.100.130.11Property rates and charges0.020.010.030.040.020.020.010.020.00Maintenance and repair of the dwelling0.130.100.100.150.160.160.110.150.11Other housing

–0.010.02–0.01–0.030.10–0.10–0.250.07–0.02New dwelling purchase by owner-occupiers–0.010.02–0.01–0.030.10–0.10–0.250.07–0.02New dwelling purchase by owner-occupiers0.150.190.050.040.100.050.090.130.23Rents0.150.190.050.040.100.050.090.130.23Rents0.730.750.480.830.601.000.300.611.00Housing

Weighted

average

of eight

capital


CONTRIBUT ION TO CHANGE IN ALL GROUPS CPI— Sep Qtr 2011 co n t i n u e d6


1.11.21.31.40.41.80.61.11.2All groups CPI

0.00–0.100.03–0.020.070.01–0.02–0.01–0.02Other financial services–0.01–0.01–0.01–0.010.000.00–0.010.00–0.01Deposit and loan facilities (direct charges)–0.01–0.090.04–0.030.070.01–0.03–0.02–0.02Financial services0.070.260.120.020.080.090.090.090.02Insurance0.070.260.120.020.080.090.090.090.02Insurance0.060.160.16–0.010.150.100.060.070.00Insurance and financial services

0.000.000.000.000.000.000.000.000.00Tertiary education0.000.000.000.000.000.000.000.000.00Secondary education0.010.010.000.000.000.000.000.010.01Preschool and primary education0.000.000.000.010.000.000.000.010.00Education0.000.000.000.010.000.000.000.010.00Education

0.01–0.070.010.000.010.010.020.020.01Other recreational, sporting and cultural services0.030.080.040.040.030.040.040.030.03Sports participation0.010.030.000.000.030.010.010.010.01Veterinary and other services for pets0.020.000.030.010.010.020.020.020.00Pets and related products

–0.01–0.05–0.010.02–0.03–0.02–0.040.02–0.02Games, toys and hobbies–0.01–0.010.010.00–0.06–0.04–0.020.00–0.01

Equipment for sports, camping and open-airrecreation

0.04–0.020.080.090.010.030.030.100.00Other recreation, sport and culture0.200.180.160.270.260.220.220.220.17International holiday travel and accommodation0.070.220.080.27–0.080.120.140.100.05Domestic holiday travel and accommodation0.290.400.240.530.180.340.350.320.22Holiday travel and accommodation0.010.010.010.000.00–0.020.000.000.01Newspapers, magazines and stationery0.000.030.010.01–0.010.010.000.00–0.01Books0.000.040.000.01–0.01–0.010.010.000.00Newspapers, books and stationery

–0.03–0.02–0.06–0.04–0.03–0.04–0.03–0.03–0.02Audio, visual and computing media and services–0.09–0.10–0.09–0.13–0.100.01–0.04–0.16–0.07Audio, visual and computing equipment–0.12–0.13–0.15–0.17–0.13–0.03–0.07–0.19–0.10Audio, visual and computing equipment and services0.200.290.170.460.050.350.330.230.12Recreation and culture

–0.01–0.010.00–0.010.00–0.01–0.01–0.01–0.01Telecommunication equipment and services0.000.000.010.000.010.000.010.010.01Postal services

–0.010.010.010.000.00–0.010.000.000.00Communication–0.010.010.010.000.00–0.010.000.000.00Communication

Weighted

average

of eight

capital


CONTRIBUT ION TO CHANGE IN ALL GROUPS CPI— Sep Qtr 2011 co n t i n u e d6


(c) Base: June quarter 1998 = 100.0.(a) Unless otherwise specified, base of each index: 1989–90 = 100.0.(b) Differs from previously published June quarter 2011 due to reweighting.

0.000.210.212.70.6212.9211.6207.3Cleaning, repair and hire of clothing

and footwear

0.051.361.3111.33.3114.6110.9103.0Accessories(c)0.041.571.539.63.0132.8128.9121.2Accessories and clothing services(c)0.010.230.220.71.199.898.799.1Footwear for infants and children0.030.640.610.25.196.691.996.4Footwear for women0.000.250.25–2.8–1.285.886.888.3Footwear for men0.031.111.08–0.23.093.791.093.9Footwear0.000.550.55–2.40.8107.4106.6110.0Garments for infants and children0.012.622.61–0.80.3105.2104.9106.1Garments for women0.021.351.33–0.91.5104.7103.2105.7Garments for men0.034.524.49–1.10.7105.4104.7106.6Garments0.107.207.101.21.5110.3108.7109.0Clothing and footwear

0.074.204.136.61.8634.4623.2594.9Tobacco0.074.204.136.61.8634.4623.2594.9Tobacco0.003.933.930.80.1232.9232.7231.0Beer0.002.922.920.0–0.1155.6155.8155.6Wine

–0.011.611.622.1–0.3224.9225.6220.3Spirits–0.018.468.470.80.0204.3204.4202.6Alcoholic beverages0.0612.6612.603.00.5308.6307.0299.5Alcohol and tobacco

0.044.724.683.71.0211.1209.0203.5Take away and fast foods0.025.035.012.70.4207.9207.1202.5Restaurant meals0.069.759.693.20.7208.3206.9201.8Meals out and take away foods0.001.541.544.3–0.1186.9187.1179.2Waters, soft drinks and juices0.000.490.49–3.80.1155.4155.3161.6Coffee, tea and cocoa0.002.032.032.7–0.1179.9180.0175.2Non–alcoholic beverages0.010.840.83–0.40.4168.9168.3169.6Other food products n.e.c.0.001.731.732.5–0.3228.8229.4223.2Snacks and confectionery0.000.310.31–2.10.3190.7190.2194.7Oils and fats0.010.550.542.60.8160.4159.1156.3Food additives and condiments0.000.260.262.3–0.1213.2213.5208.4Jams, honey and spreads0.000.190.19–1.0–0.5198.1199.1200.1Eggs0.003.873.871.30.0216.2216.1213.5Food products n.e.c.

–0.072.332.4013.1–2.5179.1183.7158.4Vegetables–0.042.822.8665.8–1.2303.5307.2183.1Fruit–0.095.165.2537.3–1.8230.1234.3167.6Fruit and vegetables–0.010.680.69–1.3–1.0192.5194.5195.0Ice cream and other dairy products0.010.610.604.60.9200.3198.6191.5Cheese0.000.760.76–10.50.3194.2193.6217.0Milk0.002.042.04–3.90.0198.7198.7206.7Dairy and related products0.000.720.72–0.7–0.3153.7154.1154.8Fish and other seafood0.000.680.683.90.3193.9193.3186.7Other meats

–0.010.870.881.1–1.5107.7109.3106.5Poultry–0.010.450.467.1–2.8274.7282.7256.6Lamb and goat–0.010.640.652.5–0.5171.3172.2167.1Pork–0.010.690.70–5.1–1.1163.4165.3172.2Beef and veal–0.044.054.091.0–0.9168.7170.2167.0Meat and seafoods0.010.380.37–0.40.4178.1177.4178.8Other cereal products0.010.320.312.33.6161.7156.1158.1Breakfast cereals

–0.011.311.322.3–1.0196.2198.1191.8Cakes and biscuits–0.011.021.03–1.9–1.2242.9245.9247.7Bread–0.013.033.040.4–0.4209.5210.4208.7Bread and cereal products–0.0829.9430.026.4–0.2201.9202.4189.8Food and non–alcoholic beverages

Jun Qtr 2011 to

Sep Qtr 2011

Sep Qtr

2011

Jun Qtr

2011(b)Sep Qtr 2010 to

Sep Qtr 2011

Jun Qtr 2011 to

Sep Qtr 2011

Sep Qtr

2011

Jun Qtr

2011

Sep Qtr

2010

CHANGEIN POINTSCONTRIBUTION

CONTRIBUTIONTO TOTAL CPI(ALL GROUPS CPIINDEX POINTS)PERCENTAGE CHANGEINDEX NUMBERS(a)

Group , sub–g r oup and expend i t u r e c l a s s

CPI GROUP, SUB– GROUP AND EXPENDITURE CLASS, Weigh ted average of eight cap i ta l

ci t ies7


(c) Base: June quarter 1998 = 100.0.(a) Unless otherwise specified, base of each index: 1989–90 = 100.0.(b) Differs from previously published June quarter 2011 due to reweighting.

0.011.331.322.60.5257.1255.9250.7Urban transport fares0.011.331.322.60.5257.1255.9250.7Urban transport fares0.052.462.415.42.1274.9269.2260.7Other services in respect of motor vehicles0.113.092.981.23.8171.5165.3169.4Maintenance and repair of motor vehicles

–0.096.246.3313.9–1.4242.2245.6212.6Automotive fuel0.011.781.770.50.5143.2142.5142.5

Spare parts and accessories formotor vehicles

–0.065.735.79–2.8–1.094.495.497.1Motor vehicles0.0119.2919.284.40.1168.0167.9160.9Private motoring0.0320.6220.594.30.1172.6172.4165.5Transport

0.011.000.993.31.1275.9272.8267.1Dental services–0.016.086.095.3–0.2331.7332.3314.9Medical and hospital services0.007.087.084.90.0321.8321.9306.8Medical, dental and hospital services0.010.270.264.94.1159.7153.4152.3Therapeutic appliances and equipment

–0.101.992.09–0.6–5.0167.3176.1168.3Pharmaceutical products–0.092.262.350.1–4.1165.5172.5165.4Medical products, appliances and equipment–0.099.349.433.7–1.0274.6277.4264.8Health

0.011.251.244.11.1275.6272.5264.8Other household services0.001.611.612.30.0214.6214.5209.8

Hairdressing and personal groomingservices

0.021.251.236.91.8171.3168.2160.2Child care0.044.124.083.90.9242.3240.1233.2Domestic and household services0.002.612.61–2.80.2153.7153.4158.1Other non–durable household products0.001.971.97–3.1–0.1141.9142.0146.4Personal care products0.010.530.52–0.41.3136.3134.5136.9Cleaning and maintenance products0.015.105.09–2.60.2142.2141.9146.0Non–durable household products

–0.010.460.47–2.7–1.8115.8117.9119.0Tools and equipment for house

and garden

0.030.790.762.03.397.694.595.7Glassware, tableware and household

utensils

0.010.430.42–0.41.195.894.896.2Small electric household appliances0.000.890.89–3.5–0.6100.1100.7103.7Major household appliances0.022.562.54–1.20.7102.7102.0103.9Household appliances, utensils and tools0.011.101.090.60.6105.9105.3105.3Household textiles0.011.101.090.60.6105.9105.3105.3Household textiles0.000.500.50–0.40.5162.0161.2162.7Carpets and other floor coverings

–0.022.892.91–1.2–0.9134.5135.7136.2Furniture–0.023.393.41–1.1–0.6140.0140.9141.6Furniture and furnishings0.0416.2716.23–0.50.2128.4128.1129.0

Furnishings, household equipmentand services

0.051.331.286.03.9265.9256.0250.8Gas and other household fuels0.283.833.5512.57.8267.7248.4237.9Electricity0.141.741.608.68.6234.7216.2216.2Water and sewerage(c)0.466.896.4310.17.2272.8254.5247.7Utilities0.122.372.255.25.2204.6194.4194.4Property rates and charges(c)0.023.673.652.30.4187.0186.2182.8Maintenance and repair of the dwelling0.136.045.913.52.3175.3171.4169.4Other housing(c)

–0.0115.4415.451.8–0.1176.8177.0173.6New dwelling purchase by

owner–occupiers(c)

–0.0115.4415.451.8–0.1176.8177.0173.6New dwelling purchase by

owner–occupiers

0.1512.1111.964.61.2197.6195.2188.9Rents0.1512.1111.964.61.2197.6195.2188.9Rents0.7340.4839.754.21.9170.2167.1163.3Housing

Jun Qtr 2011 to

Sep Qtr 2011

Sep Qtr

2011

Jun Qtr


Sep Qtr 2011

Jun Qtr 2011 to

Sep Qtr 2011

Sep Qtr

2011

Jun Qtr

2011

Sep Qtr

2010





ci t ies co n t i n u e d7


(d) Base: June quarter 2000 = 100.0.(e) Base: June quarter 2005 = 100.0.(f) Base: June quarter 2011 = 100.0.

. . not applicable(a) Unless otherwise specified, base of each index: 1989–90 = 100.0.(b) Differs from previously published June quarter 2011 due to reweighting.(c) Base: June quarter 1998 = 100.0.

1.1179.4178.33.50.6179.4178.3173.3All groups CPI

0.005.215.211.9–0.1114.3114.4112.2Other financial services(e)–0.011.341.35. .–0.599.5100.0. .

Deposit and loan facilities(direct charges)(f)

–0.016.556.56. .–0.299.8100.0. .Financial services(f)0.072.572.506.32.8350.2340.5329.5Insurance0.072.572.506.32.8350.2340.5329.5Insurance0.069.129.064.50.7116.2115.4111.2Insurance and financial services(e)

0.002.502.504.90.0154.9154.9147.6Tertiary education(d)0.002.242.246.80.0205.0205.0191.9Secondary education(d)0.010.940.935.60.2187.1186.8177.1Preschool and primary education(d)0.005.685.685.80.1332.4332.2314.2Education0.005.685.685.80.1332.4332.2314.2Education

0.011.951.944.90.6182.5181.4173.9Other recreational, sporting

and cultural services(c)

0.031.711.683.72.1186.7182.9180.0Sports participation(c)0.010.720.714.91.6253.8249.7242.0Veterinary and other services for pets0.020.690.673.52.1202.3198.1195.5Pets and related products

–0.011.381.39–2.1–1.192.393.394.3Games, toys and hobbies(c)–0.011.071.08–7.6–1.680.782.087.3

Equipment for sports, campingand open-air recreation(c)

0.047.527.481.90.6196.7195.6193.0Other recreation, sport and culture0.204.294.091.45.1143.4136.5141.4

International holiday traveland accommodation

0.074.474.403.21.7156.9154.3152.0Domestic holiday travel

and accommodation

0.298.778.482.63.3151.3146.4147.4Holiday travel and accommodation0.011.221.210.10.1136.9136.7136.7Newspapers, magazines and stationery(c)0.000.700.70–0.4–0.5132.0132.6132.5Books(c)0.001.921.920.0–0.1199.2199.3199.2Newspapers, books and stationery

–0.031.721.75–2.6–1.790.492.092.8Audio, visual and computing media

and services

–0.092.682.77–20.0–3.311.612.014.5Audio, visual and computing equipment–0.124.404.52–10.6–2.943.845.149.0

Audio, visual and computing equipmentand services

0.2022.6022.40–0.10.9136.4135.2136.5Recreation and culture

–0.015.215.220.4–0.2109.4109.6109.0Telecommunication equipment

and services

0.000.220.224.52.4172.9168.9165.4Postal services–0.015.435.440.60.0112.7112.7112.0Communication–0.015.435.440.60.0112.7112.7112.0Communication

Jun Qtr 2011 to

Sep Qtr 2011

Sep Qtr

2011

Jun Qtr


Sep Qtr 2011

Jun Qtr 2011 to

Sep Qtr 2011

Sep Qtr

2011

Jun Qtr

2011

Sep Qtr

2010





ci t ies co n t i n u e d7


(c) Differs from previously published June quarter 2011 due to reweighting.(d) Base: June quarter 2002 = 100.0.(e) Base: June quarter 1998 = 100.0.

. . not applicable(a) Refer to paragraphs 11 and 12 of the Explanatory Notes for a description of

these series.(b) Unless otherwise specified, base of each index: 1989–90 = 100.0.

1.24167.96166.722.30.8185.4184.0181.3'Volatile items'0.91143.05142.142.10.7169.1168.0165.6Food and energy1.07173.28172.213.50.6175.8174.7169.9Medical and hospital services0.27129.75129.483.20.2178.6178.2173.1

Housing, Insurance andfinancial services

0.99170.23169.243.40.6187.7186.6181.5Insurance and financial services1.06173.68172.623.40.6177.2176.2171.4Education0.86156.76155.903.90.6185.7184.6178.7Recreation and culture1.06173.92172.863.50.6181.2180.1175.0Communication1.03158.74157.713.30.6180.4179.3174.6Transport1.15170.02168.873.50.7175.1173.9169.2Health1.01163.08162.073.90.6186.8185.6179.8

Furnishings, householdequipment and services

0.33138.88138.553.30.3178.1177.6172.4Housing0.95172.15171.203.60.6183.8182.7177.4Clothing and footwear0.99166.69165.703.50.6171.1170.1165.3Alcohol and tobacco1.14149.42148.282.90.7175.1173.8170.1Food and non-alcoholic beverages

All groups CPI excluding

0.67138.41137.741.60.5172.8171.9170.1Total

0.7054.4653.763.51.3195.7193.1189.1Services–0.0383.9583.980.30.0162.4162.4161.9Goods

Market goods and servicesexcluding 'volatile items'

. .. .. .3.50.6179.4178.3173.3Deposit and loan facilities

(indirect charges)

All groups CPI including

0.9275.1374.213.91.2187.1184.8180.1Services component0.14104.23104.093.20.2175.1174.8169.6Goods component

Goods and services series

1.20108.42107.223.61.2165.6163.7159.8Non-tradables(e)–0.1470.9471.083.3–0.2128.6128.8124.5Tradables(e)

International trade exposure series

. .. .. .2.60.3133.8133.4130.4Weighted median(d)

. .. .. .2.30.3131.2130.8128.2Trimmed mean(d)Underlying trend series

. .. .. .3.50.4179.1178.3173.1All groups CPI, seasonally adjusted

1.1179.4178.33.50.6179.4178.3173.3All groups CPI

Jun Qtr 2011 to

Sep Qtr 2011

Sep Qtr

2011

Jun Qtr

2011(c)Sep Qtr 2010 to

Sep Qtr 2011

Jun Qtr 2011 to

Sep Qtr 2011

Sep Qtr

2011

Jun Qtr

2011

Sep Qtr

2010


CONTRIBUTIONTO TOTAL CPI(ALL GROUPS CPIINDEX POINTS)PERCENTAGE CHANGEINDEX NUMBERS(b)

ANALYT ICAL SERIES, Weighted average of eigh t cap i ta l ci t ies (a )8


(a) Base of each index: 1989–90 = 100.0.nya not yet availabler revised

nya145.3175.8nya149.3nya255.4nya950.6nyanya178.6September190.9144.6175.3156.5r149.4146.1251.8106.2929.5186.3159.3178.2June186.9143.6171.2153.8148.2145.4250.4105.6926.7184.1157.8176.4March

2011182.9142.7168.4152.2148.8143.1246.0106.1921.2180.5156.3173.8December180.3142.2167.7151.1147.1142.1243.9105.6905.1178.4152.5173.1September179.8141.7167.6150.5146.5140.7241.8105.8879.0177.8150.8172.6June176.1141.2166.5149.7146.0138.9239.5105.5864.2177.0150.7171.5March



2008161.2138.3160.1144.7146.2133.2220.9107.2747.1169.4142.7162.7December159.2137.3158.5145.4141.3131.1219.5106.6728.9167.4140.8161.5September

2007

185.3143.3170.7153.4148.4144.2248.0105.9920.6182.3156.5175.42010–11175.4141.2166.0149.5146.6138.6238.8105.9862.2175.5150.5171.12009–10168.6140.1163.7147.6146.6137.0233.0107.9831.7173.1147.7167.82008–09162.4138.7161.8145.8144.4134.2223.2107.3763.5171.2143.2163.82007–08

United

KingdomGermany

United

States of

AmericaCanadaTaiwanSingapore

Korea,

Republic

ofJapanIndonesia

Hong

Kong

New

ZealandAustraliaPe r i od

INTERNAT IONAL COMPARISONS, Al l groups CPI exc lud ing Hous ing and Insurance and

f inanc ia l serv ices —Index numbers (a )9


r revisednya not yet available

nya0.50.3nya–0.1nya1.4nya2.3nyanya0.2September2.10.72.41.8r0.80.50.60.60.31.21.01.0June2.20.61.71.1–0.41.61.8–0.50.62.01.01.5March

20111.40.40.40.71.20.70.90.51.81.22.50.4December0.30.40.10.40.41.00.9–0.23.00.31.10.3September2.10.40.70.50.31.31.00.31.70.50.10.6June1.30.10.70.5–0.60.71.0–0.41.11.20.30.6March

20101.30.20.60.10.01.00.1–0.60.41.5–0.10.4December0.90.41.00.31.51.10.5–0.32.20.41.40.4September1.70.41.41.60.7–1.01.10.0–0.2–0.20.60.7June

–0.4–0.1–1.0–0.3–3.6–1.50.9–1.50.2–0.50.30.8March2009

–0.3–0.8–4.1–2.00.10.7–0.3–0.90.6–1.6–0.8–0.7December1.30.71.50.91.80.41.41.22.90.41.60.7September2.40.63.02.21.61.22.20.94.01.31.61.3June0.90.61.10.2–1.61.71.3–0.13.62.10.61.1March

20081.30.71.0–0.53.51.60.60.62.51.21.30.7December

–0.30.60.0–0.30.72.10.60.22.51.00.10.2September2007


nya2.24.8nya1.5nya4.7nya5.0nyanya3.2September6.22.04.64.0r2.03.84.10.45.74.85.63.2June6.11.72.82.71.54.74.60.17.24.04.72.9March

20115.21.21.82.11.33.73.80.27.83.24.12.0December5.01.12.01.50.14.03.0–0.86.43.51.42.0September5.61.12.91.41.24.12.6–0.95.63.61.72.1June5.21.13.72.51.61.82.7–1.23.62.92.22.1March

20103.50.92.01.7–1.4–0.42.6–2.32.61.22.22.3December1.8–0.1–2.8–0.5–1.3–0.82.2–2.72.8–2.01.51.2September2.20.1–2.30.1–1.0–1.53.1–1.23.5–2.01.71.4June3.00.5–0.80.7–0.10.74.2–0.37.8–0.52.72.1March


20082.63.14.41.86.24.13.40.77.13.12.82.2December2.12.31.81.52.03.02.4–0.27.01.90.91.1September

2007


5.61.52.82.61.24.03.90.06.83.94.02.52010–114.00.81.41.30.01.22.5–1.93.71.41.92.02009–103.81.01.21.21.52.14.40.68.91.13.12.42008–093.02.74.01.44.35.03.60.89.03.92.62.52007–08

PE R C E N T A G E CH A N G E ( f r o m p r e v i o u s y e a r )

United

KingdomGermany

United

States of

AmericaCanadaTaiwanSingapore

Korea,

Republic

ofJapanIndonesia

Hong

Kong

New

ZealandAustraliaPe r i od

INTERNAT IONAL COMPARISONS, Al l groups CPI exc lud ing Hous ing and Insurance and

financ ia l serv i ces —Percentage changes10


6 There are 87 expenditure classes (that is, groupings of like items) in the 16th series

CPI and each expenditure class has its own weight, or measure of relative importance. In

calculating the index, price changes for the various expenditure classes are combined

using these weights.

7 Changes in the weighting pattern have been made at approximately six yearly

intervals to take account of changes in household spending patterns. The CPI now

comprises sixteen series of price indexes which have been linked to form a continuous

series. The current and historical weighting patterns for the CPI for the weighted average

of the eight capital cities are published in Consumer Price Index: Historical Weighting

Patterns (1948 to 2011) (cat. no. 6431.0). The 16th series weighting pattern for the

weighted average of eight capital cities and for each of the eight capital cities, as well as

each city's percentage contribution to the weighted average, are also published in the

WE I G H T I N G PA T T E R N

4 The frequency of price collection by item varies as necessary to obtain reliable price

measures. Prices of some items are volatile (i.e. their prices may vary many times each

quarter) and for these items frequent price observations are necessary to obtain a

reliable measure of the average price for the quarter. Each month prices are collected at

regular intervals for goods such as milk, bread, fresh meat and seafood, fresh fruit and

vegetables, alcohol, tobacco, women's outerwear, project homes, motor vehicles, petrol

and holiday travel and accommodation. For most other items, price volatility is not a

problem and prices are collected once a quarter. There are a few items where prices are

changed at infrequent intervals, for example education fees where prices are set once a

year. In these cases, the frequency of price collection is modified accordingly.

5 In order to facilitate a more even spread of field collection workload, the number of

items for which prices are collected quarterly is distributed roughly equally across each

month of each quarter. In all cases, however, individual items are priced in the same

month of each quarter. For example, items for which prices are collected in the first

month of the September quarter, July, are also priced in the first month of subsequent

quarters, namely October, January and April.

PR I C E S

1 The Consumer Price Index (CPI) measures quarterly changes in the price of a 'basket'

of goods and services which account for a high proportion of expenditure by the CPI

population group (i.e. metropolitan households). This 'basket' covers a wide range of

goods and services, arranged in the following eleven groups:

Food and non-alcoholic beverages

Alcohol and tobacco

Clothing and footwear

Housing

Furnishings, household equipment and services

Health

Transport

Communication

Recreation and culture

Education

Insurance and financial services.

2 Capital city indexes used by the CPI are based on the 2006 Australian Standard

Geographical Classification (ASGC) statistical divisions. The capital city indexes measure

price movements over time in each city individually. They do not measure differences in

retail price levels between cities.

3 Further information about the CPI is contained in Australian Consumer Price Index:

Concepts, Sources and Methods, 2009 (cat. no. 6461.0). An updated version reflecting the

changes made during the 16th series review is expected to be released on 7 December

2011.

BR I E F DE S C R I P T I O N OF TH E

CP I


E X P L A N A T O R Y N O T E S

11 Various series are presented in Table 8 in this publication to assist users analyse the

CPI. Some of the analytical series are compiled by taking subsets of the CPI basket, and

most are self explanatory, such as 'All groups CPI excluding Food and non-alcoholic

beverages'. ( A complete list of CPI groups, sub–groups and expenditure classes is

contained in Tables 6 and 7). Other series and their composition are described below:

All groups CPI, seasonally adjusted: Comprises all components included in the All

groups CPI, seasonally adjusted where seasonality has been identified at the

weighted average of eight capital cities level. Seasonal adjustment factors are

calculated using the history of price changes up to the current quarter CPI and are

revised each quarter.

Underlying trend series, 'Trimmed mean' and 'Weighted median': These are two

analytical measures of trend inflation calculated from the June quarter 2002 using

standard ABS seasonal adjustment techniques. For more information see the

Information Paper: Seasonal Adjustment of Consumer Price Indexes, 2011 (cat. no.

6401.0.55.003). The Trimmed mean and Weighted median are calculated using the

distribution of expenditure classes each quarter derived as follows:

Where CPI expenditure classes are identified as having a seasonal pattern,

quarterly price changes are estimated on a seasonally adjusted basis. In the 16th

series, 62 out of the 87 expenditure classes are classified as seasonal. A

description of which series are seasonal is published in Appendix 1 – Analytical

Price Index Series.

The CPI expenditure classes are ranked from lowest to highest according to the

seasonally adjusted percentage change from the previous quarter.

The seasonally adjusted relative weight of each expenditure class is calculated

based on its previous quarter contribution to the All groups CPI.


8 Movements in indexes from one period to another can be expressed either as

changes in index points or as percentage changes. The following example illustrates the

method of calculating changes in index points and percentage changes between any two

periods:

All groups CPI: Weighted average of eight capital cities. Index numbers:

June Quarter 2011 178.3 (see Table 1)

less June Quarter 2010 172.1 (see Table 1)

Change in index points 6.2

Percentage change 6.2/172.1 x 100 = 3.6% (see Table 2)

9 Percentage changes are calculated to illustrate three different kinds of movements in

index numbers:

movements between consecutive financial years (where the index numbers for

financial years are simple averages of the quarterly index numbers)

movements between corresponding quarters of consecutive years

movements between consecutive quarters.

10 Table 7 provides a detailed analysis, for the weighted average of eight capital cities,

of movements in the CPI since the previous quarter, including information on

movements for groups, sub–groups and expenditure classes. It also shows the

contribution which each makes to the total CPI. For instance, the dairy and related

products sub–group contributed 2.04 index points to the total All groups index number

of 178.3 for the June Quarter 2011. The final column shows contributions to the change

in All Groups index points by each group, sub–group and expenditure class.

AN A L Y S I S OF CP I CH A N G E S

Consumer Price Index: 16th Series Weighting Pattern (cat. no. 6471.0). Both

publications are available on the ABS website <http://www.abs.gov.au>.

WE I G H T I N G PA T T E R N continued


E X P L A N A T O R Y N O T E S continued

The 'Trimmed mean' is calculated by using a weighted average of percentage

change from the previous quarter (seasonally adjusted) from the middle 70 per

cent of the distribution.

The 'Weighted median' is calculated using the percentage change from the

previous quarter (seasonally adjusted) expenditure class at the 50th percentile

of the distribution.

International trade exposure series, Tradables component: Comprises all items

whose prices are largely determined on the world market. For more information,

see paragraph 12 below.

International trade exposure series, Non–tradables component: Comprises all

items not included in the Tradables component.

All groups CPI, goods component: Comprises the Food and non-alcoholic beverages

group (except Restaurant meals); Alcohol and tobacco group; Clothing and footwear

group (except Cleaning, repair and hire of clothing and footwear); Furnishings,

household equipment and services group (except Domestic and household services

sub–group); Utilities, Audio, visual and computing equipment and services, and

Newspapers, books and stationery sub–groups; and New dwelling purchase by

owner–occupiers, Pharmaceutical products, Motor vehicles, Automotive fuel, Spare

parts and accessories for motor vehicles, Equipment for sports, camping and

open–air recreation, Games, toys and hobbies and Pets and related products

expenditure classes.

All groups CPI, services component: Comprises all items not included in the 'All

groups CPI, goods component'. A description of which series are goods or services is

published in Appendix 1 – Analytical Price Index Series.

All groups CPI including Deposit and loan facilities (indirect charges): One of the

outcomes of the 16th series CPI Review was to remove the indirectly measured

component of the Deposit and loan facilities index from the headline CPI but to

include it in a new analytical series. This index includes the 16th series All groups

CPI plus the indirectly measured component of the Deposit and loan facilities index.

Market goods and services excluding 'volatile items': in addition to the items

excluded from the series 'All groups CPI excluding 'volatile items'', also excludes:

Utilities, Property rates and charges, Child care, Health, Other services in respect of

motor vehicles, Urban transport fares, Postal services, and Education.

All groups CPI excluding Insurance and financial services: Reflecting the changing

composition of the CPI, from the September quarter 1989 to the June quarter 1998,

comprises the All groups CPI excluding house insurance, house contents insurance,

vehicle insurance and mortgage interest charges and consumer credit charges; from

the September quarter 1998 to the June quarter 2000 comprises the All groups CPI

excluding house insurance, house contents insurance and vehicle insurance; from


excluding insurance services; from the September quarter 2005 to the June quarter

2011 comprises the All groups CPI excluding Financial and insurance services; from

the September quarter 2011 comprises the All groups CPI excluding Insurance and

financial services.

AN A L Y T I C A L SE R I E S continued



14 Seasonally adjusted estimates are derived by estimating and removing systematic

calendar related effects from the original series. In most economic data these calendar

related effects are a combination of the classical seasonal influences (e.g. the effect of the

weather, social traditions or administrative practices such as government charges

increasing on 1 July each year) plus other kinds of calendar related variations, such as

Easter or the proximity of significant days in the year (e.g. Christmas). In the seasonal

adjustment process, both seasonal and other calendar related factors evolve over time to

reflect changes in activity patterns. The seasonally adjusted estimates reflect the

sampling and non–sampling errors to which the original estimates are subject.

15 The CPI uses a concurrent seasonal adjustment methodology to derive the

adjustment factors. This method uses the original time series available at each reference

period to estimate seasonal factors for the current and previous quarters. Concurrent

seasonal adjustment is technically superior to the more traditional method of reanalysing

seasonal patterns once each year because it uses all available data to fine tune the

estimates of the seasonal component each quarter. With concurrent analysis, the

seasonally adjusted series are subject to revision each quarter as the estimates of the

seasonal factors are improved. In most instances, the only significant revisions will be to

the combined adjustment factors for the previous quarter and for the same quarter in

the preceding year as the reference quarter (i.e. if the latest quarter is September quarter


IN D E X E S

13 The published index numbers have been rounded to one decimal place, and the

percentage changes (also rounded to one decimal place) are calculated from the

rounded index numbers. In some cases, this can result in the percentage change for the

total level of a group of indexes being outside the range of the percentage changes for

the component level indexes. Seasonally adjusted estimates are calculated from rounded

index numbers. The underlying trend estimates, Trimmed mean and Weighted median,

are calculated from unrounded component series. The percentage changes for the

seasonal and underlying series (rounded to one decimal place) are calculated from the

rounded index numbers.

RO U N D I N G

All groups CPI excluding Housing and Insurance and financial services: Reflecting

the changing composition of the CPI, from the September quarter 1989 to the June

quarter 1998, comprises the All groups CPI excluding Housing, house contents

insurance, vehicle insurance and consumer credit charges; from the September

quarter 1998 to the June quarter 2000 comprises the All groups CPI excluding

Housing, house insurance, house contents insurance and vehicle insurance; from


excluding Housing and insurance services; from the September quarter 2005 to the

June quarter 2011 comprises the All groups CPI excluding Housing and Financial

and insurance services; from the September quarter 2011 comprises the All groups

CPI excluding Housing and Insurance and financial services.

All groups CPI excluding food and energy: Comprises the All groups CPI excluding

the Food and non-alcoholic beverages group (except Restaurant meals); Electricity,

Gas and other household fuels; and Automotive fuel.

All groups CPI excluding 'volatile items': Comprises the All groups CPI excluding

Fruit and vegetables and Automotive fuel.

12 The International trade exposure series was reviewed and updated for the 16th

series. There were five changes of classification. 'Cakes and biscuits' and 'Jams, honey and

spreads' were reclassified from non–tradable to tradable. 'Waters, soft drinks and juices',

'Newspapers, magazines and stationery' and 'Pets and related products ' were reclassified

from tradable to non–tradable. A detailed description of these series is published in

Appendix 1. These changes are included from the September quarter 2011. The

historical tradable and non–tradable series will not be revised.

AN A L Y T I C A L SE R I E S continued



21 Current publications and other products released by the ABS are listed on the ABS

website <http://www.abs.gov.au>. The ABS also issues a daily Release Advice on the

website which details products to be released in the week ahead.

22 Users may also wish to refer to the following publications and other data products

that are available free of charge from the ABS website:

A Guide to the Consumer Price Index, 16th Series (cat. no. 6440.0)

RE L A T E D PU B L I C A T I O N S

20 CPI original indexes are revised only in exceptional circumstances, such as to

correct a significant error. As is the case with all price indexes, the index reference period

(i.e. the period in which the index is set equal to 100.0) will be changed periodically. The

index number levels for all periods will be changed by this process and it may also result

in differences, due to rounding, between the percentage changes published on the old

base and those on the new base. Seasonally adjusted indexes (including the Trimmed

mean and Weighted median) for some quarters will be revised as extra quarters are

included in the series analysed for seasonal influences (see paragraphs 14 to 16).

RE V I S I O N S

17 In analysing price movements in Australia, an important consideration is Australia's

performance relative to other countries. However, a simple comparison of All groups (or

headline) CPIs is often inappropriate because of the different measurement approaches

used by countries for certain products, particularly housing and financial and insurance

services. To provide a better basis for international comparisons, the 17th International

Conference of Labour Statisticians adopted a resolution which called for countries to 'if

possible, compile and provide for dissemination to the international community an index

that excludes housing and financial services' in addition to the all–items index.

18 Table 9 presents indexes for selected countries on a basis consistent with the above

resolution and comparable to the Australian series 'All groups excluding Housing and

Insurance and financial services' (see paragraph 11). However, other than Australia and

New Zealand, the countries represented in this table are yet to develop indexes on this

basis, so the indexes presented here are consistent with the series previously published

for All groups excluding Housing. To facilitate comparisons, all indexes in this table have

been converted, where necessary, to a quarterly basis and re–referenced to an index

reference period of 1989–90 = 100.0. Index numbers and percentage changes are always

published to one decimal place, and the percentage changes are calculated from the

rounded index numbers. Index numbers for periods longer than a single quarter (e.g. for

financial years) are calculated as the simple arithmetic average of the rounded quarterly

index numbers.

19 In producing Table 9, the ABS is grateful for the assistance of the relevant national

statistical agencies which have either directly supplied indexes for all items excluding

housing and insurance and financial services or data to enable their derivation.

I N T E R N A T I O N A L

CO M P A R I S O N S

2011 then the most significant revisions will be to June quarter 2011 and September

quarter 2010). The seasonal patterns are also reanalysed on an annual basis or when

there are known changes to regular events. This can lead to additional revisions.

16 The ABS applies seasonal adjustment to the expenditure class components of the

CPI which are found to be seasonal, and then aggregates the seasonally adjusted and

non-seasonally adjusted components to calculate the All groups CPI, seasonally adjusted,

Trimmed mean and Weighted median estimates. The seasonally adjusted expenditure

class components are available in Table 15 – CPI expenditure class, seasonally adjusted

index numbers, weighted average of eight capital cities. The seasonal factors used to

derive these seasonally adjusted indexes can be obtained by contacting the CPI section

via email: [email protected]. For more information about seasonal adjustment

of the CPI please refer to Information Paper: Seasonal Adjustment of Consumer Price

Indexes, 2011 (cat. no. 6401.0.55.003).


IN D E X E S continued



23 As well as the statistics included in this publication, there is more detailed data for

each capital city available on the ABS website. Inquiries should be made to the National


DA T A AV A I L A B L E

Australian Consumer Price Index: Concepts, Sources and Methods, 2009

(cat. no. 6461.0)

Information Paper: Introduction of the 16th Series Australian Consumer Price

Index, 2011 (cat. no. 6470.0)

Information Paper: Outcome of the 16th Series Australian Consumer Price Index

Review, Australia (cat. no. 6469.0)

Consumer Price Index Commodity Classification, Australia, 16th Series, 2011

(cat. no. 6401.0.55.004)

Consumer Price Index: 16th Series Weighting Pattern (cat. no. 6471.0)

Consumer Price Index: Historical Weighting Patterns (1948–2011) (cat. no. 6431.0)

Analytical Living Cost Indexes and Pensioner and Benificiary Living Cost Index:

16th Series Weighting Patterns (cat. no. 6472.0)

Consumer Price Index: Concordance with Household Expenditure Classification,

Australia (cat. no. 6446.0.55.001)

Information Paper: Seasonal Adjustment of Consumer Price Indexes, 2011

(cat. no. 6401.0.55.003)

Information Paper: Experimental Price Indexes for Financial Services

(cat. no. 6413.0)

Information Paper: The Introduction of Hedonic Price Indexes for Personal

Computers (cat. no. 6458.0)

Analytical Living Cost Indexes for Selected Australian Household Types

(cat. no. 6463.0)

Pensioner and Beneficiary Living Cost Index (cat. no. 6467.0)

House Price Indexes: Eight Capital Cities (cat. no. 6416.0)

Producer Price Indexes, Australia (cat. no. 6427.0)

International Trade Price Indexes, Australia (cat. no. 6457.0)

Labour Price Index, Australia (cat. no. 6345.0)

RE L A T E D PU B L I C A T I O N S

continued



6 The 16th series seasonal adjustment review used a range of statistical tests to

determine if seasonality was present in each expenditure class price index. This approach

identifies series that show seasonal patterns over any part of the series to be seasonal.

Using this ABS seasonal adjustment methodology, 62 of the 87 expenditure class price

indexes in the 16th series of the CPI were deemed to have a seasonal pattern. For more

details on the seasonal adjustment of the CPI please refer to Information Paper:

Seasonal Adjustment of Consumer Price Indexes, 2011 (cat. no. 6401.0.55.003).

SE A S O N A L I T Y OF CP I

EX P E N D I T U R E CL A S S E S

3 For the 16th series, the tradable and non–tradable classification was reviewed and

updated using 2006–07 Input–Output data to classify each expenditure class as tradable

or non–tradable. As a result, there were five changes to the classification: 'Cakes and

biscuits' and 'Jams, honey and spreads' were reclassified from non–tradable to tradable

while 'Waters, soft drink and juices', 'Newspapers, magazines and stationery' and 'Pets

and related products' were reclassified from tradable to non–tradable.

4 In aggregate, 47 expenditure classes, accounting for approximately 40 per cent of the

CPI by weight, have been classified as tradable. The remaining 40 expenditure classes,

accounting for approximately 60 per cent of the CPI by weight, have been classified as

non–tradable.

5 The method used to classify the 16th series expenditure classes is set out below:

Data from the National Accounts Input–Output Tables 2006–07 and the related

product correspondence with the 16th series Consumer Price Index Commodity

Classification were used to calculate Australia's exports as a ratio of total Australian

production and imports as a ratio of total usage, for each expenditure class. The

correspondence will be available in Australian National Accounts: Input–Output

Tables – Electronic Publication (2007–08 Final) (cat. no. 5209.0.55.001), released

on 25 October 2011;

All expenditure by international tourists in Australia was excluded from exports, as

their expenditure on items such as urban transport fares was deemed not to affect

price change;

Expenditure classes were classified as 'tradable' if either of the export or import

ratios were greater than 10 per cent;

The remaining expenditure classes were classified as non–tradable.


EX P O S U R E – TR A D A B L E S AN D

NO N – T R A D A B L E S

2 The ABS has classified expenditure classes as goods or services based on the majority

of products in each category. In the 16th series CPI, 60 out of the 87 expenditure classes,

accounting for 58 per cent of the All groups CPI by weight, have been classified as goods.

The remaining 27 expenditure classes, accounting for 42 per cent of the All groups CPI

by weight, have been classified as services.

GO O D S AN D SE R V I C E S

1 Various series are presented in Table 8 of the Consumer Price Index, Australia (cat.

no. 6401.0) to assist users analyse the CPI. As a result of the introduction of the 16th

series Australian CPI, there have been some changes to the groups, sub–groups and

expenditure classes contributing to each of the analytical series. Some of the compiled

series are self–explanatory, such as 'All groups CPI excluding Food and non-alcoholic

beverages'. This appendix describes the composition of some of the other analytical

series – goods and services, international trade exposure and seasonally adjusted – in the

16th series Australian CPI. The following table (Table 1) sets out the 87 CPI expenditure

classes showing in which analytical series they are included.

I N T R O D U C T I O N


A P P E N D I X 1 A N A L Y T I C A L PR I C E I N D E X S E R I E S

(a) y = yes

yyyDental servicesyyyMedical and hospital services yyTherapeutic appliances and equipment yyyPharmaceutical products yyOther household services yyHairdressing and personal grooming servicesyyyChild careyyyOther non-durable household productsyyyPersonal care productsyyyCleaning and maintenance productsyyyTools and equipment for house and gardenyyyGlassware, tableware and household utensilsyyySmall electric household appliances yyMajor household appliancesyyyHousehold textilesyyyCarpets and other floor coveringsyyyFurnitureyyyGas and other household fuelsyyyElectricityyyyWater and sewerageyyyProperty rates and chargesyyyMaintenance and repair of the dwelling yyNew dwelling purchase by owner-occupiersyyyRents

yyCleaning, repair and hire of clothing and footwearyyyAccessoriesyyyFootwear for infants and childrenyyyFootwear for womenyyyFootwear for menyyyGarments for infants and childrenyyyGarments for womenyyyGarments for menyyyTobacco yyBeeryyyWine yySpiritsyyyTake away and fast foods yyRestaurant mealsyyyWaters, soft drinks and juices yyCoffee, tea and cocoayyyOther food products n.e.c.yyySnacks and confectionery

yyOils and fatsyyyFood additives and condiments yyJams, honey and spreads

yyEggsyyyVegetablesyyyFruityyyIce cream and other dairy products yyCheeseyyyMilkyyyFish and other seafoodyyyOther meatsyyyPoultryyyyLamb and goatyyyPorkyyyBeef and vealyyyOther cereal productsyyyBreakfast cerealsyyyCakes and biscuits yyBread

Non-tradableTradable Seasonal

INTERNATIONALTRADE EXPOSURE

ServicesGoodsCPI expend i t u r e c l a s s e s

TABLE 1 – 16TH SERIES EXPENDITURE CLASSES CLASSIF IED BY ANALYT ICAL SERIES (a)


A P P E N D I X 1 A N A L Y T I C A L PR I C E I N D E X S E R I E S continued

(a) y = yes

yyOther financial services yyDeposit and loan facilities (direct charges)yyyInsuranceyyyTertiary educationyyySecondary educationyyyPreschool and primary educationyyyOther recreational, sporting and cultural servicesyyySports participationyyyVeterinary and other services for petsyyyPets and related productsyyyGames, toys and hobbies yyEquipment for sports, camping and open-air recreationyyyInternational holiday travel and accommodationyyyDomestic holiday travel and accommodationyyyNewspapers, magazines and stationeryyyyBooks yyAudio, visual and computing media and services yyAudio, visual and computing equipment yyTelecommunication equipment and services yyPostal servicesyyyUrban transport faresyyyOther services in respect of motor vehicles

yyMaintenance and repair of motor vehiclesyyyAutomotive fuel

yySpare parts and accessories for motor vehicles yyMotor vehicles

Non-tradableTradable Seasonal

INTERNATIONALTRADE EXPOSURE

ServicesGoodsCPI expend i t u r e c l a s s e s

TABLE 1 – 16TH SERIES EXPENDITURE CLASSES CLASSIF IED BY ANALYT ICAL SERIES (a) co n t i n u e d


A P P E N D I X 1 A N A L Y T I C A L PR I C E I N D E X S E R I E S continued

7 Subsidies directly related to child care services are in scope of the CPI, to ensure a

symmetrical treatment with taxes on products. The ABS follows the advice that 'subsidies

should be taken into account, being treated as negative taxes on products' (para 3.135,

Consumer Price Index Manual: Theory and Practice, International Labour Organization,

2004).

8 Following from the acquisitions approach, child care subsidies are in scope of the CPI

only where 'they are tied to the level of consumption' of child care services (para 5.7,

Australian Consumer Price Index: Concepts, Sources and Methods, 2009 (cat. no.

6461.0)).

9 For inclusion in the CPI the ABS also requires that the benefit is not an integral

component of the income tax system and is available to non–taxpayers as well as

taxpayers. The term 'taxpayer' refers to households that are paying income tax.

BE N E F I T S , SU B S I D I E S AN D

RE B A T E S IN TH E CP I

5 In regard to timing, consumption of child care is recognised at the time when the child

care service is provided, rather than at the time of payment. This is consistent with the

'acquisitions' approach and the concept that 'a service is acquired at the time that the

producer provides it' explained in para 1.151, Consumer Price Index Manual: Theory and

Practice, International Labour Organization, 2004.

6 The price of child care in the CPI is equal to the gross fee payable by the parents, less

the amount of subsidies directly related to child care services that they receive. It is

measured on an out–of–pocket expenses basis as follows:

Net Child Care Fees = Gross Child Care Fees – Child Care Benefit – Child Care Rebate.

ME T H O D O L O G Y FO R

ME A S U R I N G CH I L D CA R E

2 As part of calculating the CPI, the ABS seeks to measure the rate at which the price of

child care changes from quarter to quarter. Child care is one of the items in the basket of

consumer products that the ABS measures to produce the CPI. The CPI is calculated as a

weighted average of the percentage price changes of these items. The composition and

weights are based on information gathered via the Household Expenditure Survey

(HES), a sample survey conducted periodically by the Australian Bureau of Statistics

(ABS) to determine the expenditure patterns of private households.

3 Weights are assigned to each item to reflect their relative importance to household

consumption in Australia. The 16th series CPI weighting pattern, introduced from the

September quarter 2011, was determined according to the 2009–10 HES, and assigns

average household expenditure on child care a weighting of 0.69% of the All groups CPI.

This percentage might appear low to some, but it represents the average outlay across all

households, not just those with children.

4 Child care is one of many components that go into the production of the CPI, an

important and useful measure of the change in consumer prices over time. The CPI

measures the price inflation experienced by households and informs the community

about changes to the real purchasing power of consumers' incomes. The CPI assists

governmental economists in conducting general economic policy, especially monetary

policy, and is also widely used for indexation arrangements in both private and public

sectors.

CH I L D CA R E IN TH E CP I

1 The purpose of this article is to describe how the costs of child care services are

treated in the Australian Consumer Price Index (CPI). It provides an outline of the

methodology for pricing child care in the CPI and describes the current and previous

treatments of the rebates and subsidies, referred to as child care 'benefits', provided by

the federal government. This includes the Child Care Rebate (CCR) and Child Care

Benefit (CCB).

I N T R O D U C T I O N


A P P E N D I X 2 C H I L D C A R E S E R V I C E S I N T H E C P I

15 The CCR was introduced by the federal government in 2004–05 to assist working

families with the cost of child care. One important distinction between the CCB and the

CCR is that the CCR is not means tested. The CCR scheme provides assistance to families

using approved child care for work, training or study–related purposes. Families who use

registered care are not eligible to receive CCR.

16 In the initial design the government offered to pay 30% of out–of–pocket child care

expenses, defined as total child care costs minus any Child Care Benefit received. The

CCR was initially delivered as a tax offset and fell outside the scope of the CPI according

to criteria set out in Australian Consumer Price Index: Concepts, Sources and Methods

(cat. no. 6461.0). The original form of the CCR prevented non–taxpayers from accessing

the benefit. Legislation stipulated the CCR was a non–refundable tax offset and could

only be claimed in the tax return of the following year (Tax Laws Amendment (2005

Measures No. 4) Bill 2005). The ABS viewed this mechanism as being integral to the

income tax system and therefore out of scope.

17 The CCR was brought into scope of the CPI on 1 July 2007 due to a change to the

administration of the CCR which enabled non–taxpayers to access the benefit. The new

design meant that the FAO would pay the CCR payment directly into the bank account of

eligible families, after the family's tax returns had been lodged but regardless of tax

liability. Consequently, the CCR has been included in the calculation of child care

expenses from the September quarter 2007.

At that stage CCR = (Gross Child Care Fees – CCB) x 30%.

18 On 1 July 2008 the CCR was raised to cover 50% of out–of–pocket expenses up to an

annual threshold of $7,500. The CPI calculates the CCR as (Gross Child Care Fees – CCB)

x 50%. CCR payments are made to eligible families at the end of each quarter. From 1

July 2009 the annual cap for CCR claims increased to $7,778 per child. Since 5 July 2010

CH I L D CA R E RE B A T E (C C R )

11 CCB is a payment to assist families with children in registered and approved child

care, administered by the Department of Education, Employment and Workplace

Relations (DEEWR) and delivered by the Families Assistance Office (FAO). Families can

claim up to 24 hours of care per child per week, and up to 50 hours if the parent(s) are

studying, working or looking for work.

12 As of January 2005, grandparents who have the primary responsibility for raising a

grandchild, can claim up to 50 hours of care per child per week and are eligible to have

the full cost of fees covered. This is referred to as the Grandparent Child Care Benefit

(GCCB). Eligibility depends upon the grandparent carer receiving an income support

payment from Centrelink or Department of Veterans Affairs (DVA).

13 CCB payments depend upon the family's income, the amount of care the family uses,

the reason for using care, the number of children in care and the type of care used

(approved or registered). From 4 July 2011 the maximum rate of CCB for one child in

full–time approved child care centres increased from $184.00 to $189.00 per week. For

families using registered care the maximum rate of CCB increased from $30.75 to $31.60

per week. Payments are based on the family's annual income, and CCB rates reduce on a

sliding scale depending on income and the number of children in care. CCB is not

available to high income families whose combined income exceeds a certain limit, for

example the income limit is $138,065 for a family with one child in care. For more

information on CCB see: <http://www.familyassist.gov.au/payments>.

14 The CCB is considered in scope of the CPI, and has been included in the calculation

of child care expenses since the September quarter 2000.

CH I L D CA R E BE N E F I T (C C B )

10 The federal government subsidises some of the costs of child care. Two such payment

types are discussed below, the Child Care Benefit (CCB) and the Child Care Rebate

(CCR).

CH I L D CA R E SU B S I D I E S

PR O V I D E D BY TH E FE D E R A L

GO V E R N M E N T


A P P E N D I X 2 C H I L D C A R E S E R V I C E S I N T H E C P I continued

6.3(% change)$84.75 per week$79.75 per weekNet child care fee$84.75 per week$79.75 per weekEligible child care rebate

$140.51 per week$140.51 per weekEligible child care benefit3.3(% change)

$310 per week$300 per weekGross child care fees0.0(% change)

$65,000 per annum$65,000 per annumCombined household income

Period 2Period 1

EXAMPLE 2 – THE CHILD CARE FEES INCREASE BY $10 PER WEEK





Period 2Period 1

EXAMPLE 1 – THE FAMILY RECEIVE A 4% PAY RISE

22 The following examples illustrate how the CPI measures the changes in a family's

out-of-pocket expenses when either the child care fees increase and/or the family

receives a pay rise. The maximum CCB that can be claimed from 4 July 2011 is $189.00

per week for one child in full–time care. In the examples below the family has a

combined annual income of $65,000. Families earning $65,000 per year are entitled to

$140.51 (74.34% of the maximum) child care benefit. The CCR is 50% of the difference

between the child care fees incurred and the CCB.

EX A M P L E OF HO W NE T CH I L D

CA R E RA T E S AR E

CA L C U L A T E D IN TH E CP I

20 The ABS calculates net child care fees after calculating the two components, gross

fees and child care benefits, separately. To produce an estimate of an average

household's gross child care fees payable, the ABS collects prices from a sample of child

care centres, including family day–care, and private and community child care centres, in

each capital city.

21 The ABS models the value of the average household's CCB and CCR entitlements

using a random sample of family profiles from the population of families that receive

CCB and CCR. These profiles include a range of attributes such as income, number of

children and hours in care for each child, that are necessary to generate the estimate

taking account of any change to the annual CCR thresholds. The incomes of the sampled

families are indexed quarterly in line with a four-quarter moving average of the wage

price index from Labour Price Index, Australia (cat. no. 6345.0). The ABS updates the

model annually as new CCB and CCR rates and limits apply from each year.

NE T CH I L D CA R E FE E

CA L C U L A T I O N

the annual cap for CCR claims has been lowered back to $7,500 per child, per year. For

more information on CCR, see:<http://www.familyassist.gov.au/payments>.

19 From July 2011, eligible families receiving the CCB and the CCR can choose to have

the CCR paid either fortnightly or weekly directly into a bank account or to the provider

of approved child care services and have the amount deducted from the gross child care

fees. However, 15% of the CCR entitlement will be withheld until the end of the financial

year if this option is chosen. Alternatively, CCB can be paid directly into a nominated

bank account either quarterly or at the end of the financial year. For the purpose of

compiling the CPI, it is assumed that the household receives the CCR as a direct

payment not as a deduction from the gross child care fees.

CH I L D CA R E RE B A T E (C C R )

continued



23 The table below compares the price indexes for gross and net child care fees over the

period from the September quarter 2005 to the September quarter 2011. It should be

noted that the gross price index has only been prepared from the September quarter

2005 and has a different reference base from the CPI net child care index.

24 Since the September quarter 2005, the gross child care price index rose 48.9%, higher

than the net child care price index which fell 16.2%. The Consumer Price Index (CPI)

rose by 19.8% over the same period.

25 From the table it can be seen that many components impact on this net price index.

In the September quarter 2007 the net price index showed a reduction in 'out–of–pocket

expenses' with the impact of the inclusion of the CCR as a rebate for the first time and an

additional 10% indexation of the CCB rates on top of the usual annual CPI indexation.

The net price index showed another reduction in September quarter 2008 due to the

increase in CCR from 30% to 50%.

26 The net price index generally rises more rapidly than the gross prices charged by the

child care providers. This is because over recent years, the Labour Price Index (LPI) has

been rising at a faster rate than the Consumer Price Index (CPI) and so family incomes

are increasing faster than the income thresholds used in calculating CCB. As a result, the

subsidy paid under the CCB becomes a smaller proportion of the overall costs of child

care. The CCR does take up some of this gap. The exception to this pattern is in the

September quarter of each year, which is the time that fee increases by child care

providers usually take effect.

27 In other words, the out–of–pocket expenses (prices after CCB and CCR rebates are

taken into account) that form the basis of the net prices recorded in the CPI generally

rise more rapidly than the gross prices charged by the child care providers.

GR O S S VE R S U S NE T PR I C E S





Period 2Period 1

EXAMPLE 3 – THE FAMILY RECEIVE A 4% PAY RISE AND THE CHILDCARE FEES INCREASE BY $10 PER WEEK

EX A M P L E OF HO W NE T CH I L D

CA R E RA T E S AR E

CA L C U L A T E D IN TH E CP I

continued



28 For further information about these and related statistics, contact the National


FU R T H E R IN F O R M A T I O N

na not available(a) Base 1989–90 = 100.0 (b) Base June quarter 2005 = 100.0

5.02.6148.86.91.8171.3Sep 20115.10.3145.07.50.9168.2Jun 20114.71.5144.56.92.9166.7Mar 20114.90.5142.47.01.1162.0Dec 20105.02.7141.77.22.4160.2Sep 20105.30.0138.05.50.3156.4Jun 20105.61.7138.06.33.0156.0Mar 20105.40.6135.76.21.3151.4Dec 20095.32.9134.96.40.9149.5Sep 20096.60.3131.1–18.71.0148.2Jun 20096.71.5130.7–18.53.0146.8Mar 20097.40.5128.8–17.31.4142.5Dec 20087.34.1128.1–17.5–22.9140.5Sep 20087.60.4123.0–28.71.2182.3Jun 20087.62.2122.5–28.34.5180.1Mar 20087.50.4119.9–27.81.2172.3Dec 20077.84.5119.4–27.2–33.4170.2Sep 20077.00.4114.312.81.7255.6Jun 20077.12.2113.912.95.4251.3Mar 20076.90.6111.512.62.0238.5Dec 20067.43.7110.814.43.3233.9Sep 20066.80.5106.812.41.8226.5Jun 2006na1.9106.312.05.1222.5Mar 2006na1.1104.310.23.6211.8Dec 2005na3.2103.29.11.4204.4Sep 2005nana100.012.41.4201.5Jun 2005nanana12.03.4198.7Mar 2005nanana13.12.6192.2Dec 2004nanana10.34.6187.4Sep 2004

Percentage

Change from

corresponding

quarter of

previous year

Percentage

Change

from

previous

quarter

Index

Numbers(b)

Percentage

Change from

corresponding

quarter of

previous year

Percentage

Change

from

previous

quarter

Index

Numbers(a)

GROSS CHILD CARENET CHILD CARE (CPI MEASUREINCLUDING CCB AND CCR)

CHILD CARE TIME SERIES TABLEGR O S S VE R S U S NE T PR I C E S

continued



www.abs.gov.auWEB ADDRESS

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F R E E A C C E S S T O S T A T I S T I C S

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© Commonwealth of Australia 2011Produced by the Australian Bureau of Statistics

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Documents

CONSUMER PRICE INDEX AUSTRALIA - Australian …...Series Australian Consumer Price Index, Australia, September 2011 (cat. no. 6470.0), which was released on 22 September 2011. Details