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7/25/2019 Consumables General Powerpoint
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Copyright 2002 TWI Ltd
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All those things used up in the production of a weld
Though generally, we refer to those elements that are used in
a specific welding process i.e:
Electrodes, Wires, Fluxes and Gases*
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In MMA/SMA the only consuma!les used are short
electrodes, which are co"ered in a flu# coating.
This flu# coating has many functions and there are
many different types
These functions are not limited to, but include:
1 To aid arc stri!ing
" To stabili#e the arc
$ Form a shielding gas
% To add de&oxidants
' To add allo(ing elements
) To form a protectie slag
+ To refine solidif(ing metal
To control h(drogen content *
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-lassification: .ain
-onstituent:
/hielding
gas:
General
0ses:
utile: E)21$ Titania
Ti3"
-3" General4urpose
5asic: E+21 -alciumcompounds
-3" 6igh 7ualit(wor!
-ellulosic: E )212 -elluloseGround cocoanut shells
6(drogen 4ipe rootruns*
The core wire for most ..A electrodes is of a low 7ualit( steel, as this is a cheap
method of manufacture and the steel will be refined during the process of welding
b( the refining agents and elements contained in the flux coating*
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1: &lectrode si'e
2: &lectrode condition
$: &lectrode specification
(iameter ) length*
*rac+s, chips ) concentricity*
*orrect specification/code*
E '1 $$ 5
1$.%
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&lectrode
Tensile ) yield strength
Toughness 2 ) % 0oules
lu# coating type
&lectrode efficiency
ositional capa!ilities
&lectrical parameters
3ow hydrogen potential
4After !a+ing5
& -1$$6
/trengthToughness-oating Shown on all electrodes*
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ositional capa!ilities
lu# coating type
Toughness % 0oules
&lectrode
Tensile ) yield strength
Any light alloying composition&lectrical parameters ) efficiency
3ow hydrogen content achie"a!le*
E %) $18i 5
/trengthToughness-oating Shown on all electrodes*
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&lectrode
Tensile strength
4SI #15
ositional capa!ilities
lu# coating )
electrical characteristics*
E2 1
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8ases used for .9G: Argon or 6elium or Ar6e mixture
-3": 9ery good penetration, cannot support spray transfer
produces an unsta!le arc, with lots of spatter
Argon:Shallow penetration. 9ery sta!le arc, with low spatter
e mi# !oth gases in mi#ture of !etween ' ; "2 -3"in
argon to get the !enefits of !oth gases*
or stainless steels we use argon with a "
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8ases used for T9G:
Argon or 6elium ora mi#ture of these gases*
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ires must !e drawn as deposited and are therefore of "ery high
>uality. &lectrode wires for MI8 are the same as rods for TI8*
Grades:-omposition =Single, dou!le, and triple de=o#idised wires*
>ualit( of winding:?andom wound. 3ayer wound. ) recision layer wound
Wires diameters:.7 = @2.% mm supplied on 1 +g 4fine wire5 ) 1- +g spools*
The >uality of temper and copper coating is also "ery important.
The copper coating on MI8 wires ma#imises the current pic+ up*
Specifications for wires are as per their chemical compositions