Construction Crane Safety - New Requirements 2010 (Craig Schumann, CH)

8/22/2019 Construction Crane Safety - New Requirements 2010 (Craig Schumann, CH)

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Construction Crane Safety(new requirements 2010)

September 2, 2010


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Why?

Crane accidents killed an average of 78people per year between 2003 and 2005

The new standard is located at

http://www.federalregister.gov/articles/2010/08/09/2010-17818/cranes-and-derricks-in-construction#h-15

OSHA expects the final standard toprevent 22 fatalities and 175 non-fatalinjuries each year.
http://www.federalregister.gov/articles/2010/08/09/2010-17818/cranes-and-derricks-in-constructionhttp://www.federalregister.gov/articles/2010/08/09/2010-17818/cranes-and-derricks-in-constructionhttp://www.federalregister.gov/articles/2010/08/09/2010-17818/cranes-and-derricks-in-constructionhttp://www.federalregister.gov/articles/2010/08/09/2010-17818/cranes-and-derricks-in-constructionhttp://www.federalregister.gov/articles/2010/08/09/2010-17818/cranes-and-derricks-in-constructionhttp://www.federalregister.gov/articles/2010/08/09/2010-17818/cranes-and-derricks-in-constructionhttp://www.federalregister.gov/articles/2010/08/09/2010-17818/cranes-and-derricks-in-constructionhttp://www.federalregister.gov/articles/2010/08/09/2010-17818/cranes-and-derricks-in-constructionhttp://www.federalregister.gov/articles/2010/08/09/2010-17818/cranes-and-derricks-in-constructionhttp://www.federalregister.gov/articles/2010/08/09/2010-17818/cranes-and-derricks-in-constructionhttp://www.federalregister.gov/articles/2010/08/09/2010-17818/cranes-and-derricks-in-constructionhttp://www.federalregister.gov/articles/2010/08/09/2010-17818/cranes-and-derricks-in-constructionhttp://www.federalregister.gov/articles/2010/08/09/2010-17818/cranes-and-derricks-in-constructionhttp://www.federalregister.gov/articles/2010/08/09/2010-17818/cranes-and-derricks-in-constructionhttp://www.federalregister.gov/articles/2010/08/09/2010-17818/cranes-and-derricks-in-constructionhttp://www.federalregister.gov/articles/2010/08/09/2010-17818/cranes-and-derricks-in-constructionhttp://www.federalregister.gov/articles/2010/08/09/2010-17818/cranes-and-derricks-in-construction


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When?

Intention to develop the rule in July 2002.

Used negotiated rulemaking committeeconsisting both industry and labor.

The committee completed its work in 2004. Released July 28, 2010

Published August 9, 2010

Effective November 8, 2010

Phased in over four years August 9, 2014 Certification of operators phased in over four years.

No grandfathering of those past certification.


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Key Hazards

Four main causes of worker death and

injury:

Electrocution,

Crushed by parts of the equipment,

Struck-by the equipment/load, and

Falls. (See Subpart M 1926.500-503)


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Largest Impact

Mandatory crane operator certification -qualification

200,000 construction crane operators in

the industry OSHA allowing four years to meet the

certification requirement.

It will take time for certifying organizationsto gain enough capacity to cover so manyoperators.


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Other Significant Requirements

Use of synthetic slings in accordance with

the manufacturers instructions during

assembly/disassembly work;

Assessment of ground conditions;

Procedures for working in the vicinity of

power lines.

Pre-erection inspection of tower crane

parts;


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OSHA State - Local

Employers must comply with local and

state operator licensing requirements

which meet the minimum criteria specified

in 1926.1427.

Some state had existing Crane standards

that exceeded the old standard. In state

plan states, please see the rules for thatstate.


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Who Pays?

Employers must pay for certification orqualification of their currently uncertified orunqualified operators. 1926.1427 (a)(4)

Reasonable that employees, who have alreadybeen sufficiently trained in crane operation andmay have many years' experience, certainly

need no more than a short preparation tosuccessfully pass the crane operator certificationtests. FR Preamble


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Crane or Not Crane?

Functional description

Can hoist,

Lower and

Horizontally move asuspended load

Forklifts configured to hoist

and lower (by means of a

winch OR hook) and

horizontally move a suspended

load are covered

Backhoes are excluded even if

used like a crane.1926.1400

(c)(2)

Forklift with attached

boom. 1926.1400 (c)(8)

See 1926.1441 if using

equipment with a rated

hoisting/lifting capacity of 2,000

pounds or less


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10

OPTION 1:Accredited testing organization

OPTION 2:

Employer qualification program OPTION 3:

U.S. military

OPTION 4:State/local govt license

Operator Qualifications and

Certifications - 4 Options


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Operator Qualifications and

Certifications (contd)

Accredited testing

organization

YES * 5 years

Employer Qualification

Program

NO 5 years

US Military license NO * Set by issuing

entity

State/local license NO *

Valid only

in entitys

jurisdiction

Set by issuing

entity, not > 5years

Portable Valid


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Written Certification Tests

Administered in any language understoodby the operator candidate.

Test must cover:

Controls/performance characteristics

Calculate capacity (w/ or w/out calculator)

Preventing power line contact

Ground support Read and locate info in operating manual

Appendix Q subjects


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Practical Examination

Must be well designed and sufficiently

comprehensive

Must have the demonstrated the skills and

knowledge needed to operate the equipmentsafely.

An operator's ability to handle unusual worksite

conditions, such as adverse weather or working

on crowded jobsites, are hazards that are not

commonly part of this exam.


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1926.1408 Power Lines

Step 1: Identify Work

Zone

Work Zone = Marking

boundaries OR 360 degrees around

crane up to maximum

working radius

Make the power linehazard assessment


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Could you get within 20

feet of power line?

YES NO

Option #1

Deenergize &

GroundEncroachment

Prevention measures

Option #3

Ask Utility for

Voltage and

Use Table A

(with minimum

clearance distance)

Option #2

20 foot

clearance

No further

action

Planning meeting

If tag lines used Non-conductive

Elevated warning lines, barricade

or line of signs

PLUS (Choose one):

Proximity alarm, spotter, warning

device, range limiter, or insulating link


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Table A Minimum Clearance Distances

Voltage (nominal, kV,

alternating current)

Minimum clearance

distance (feet)

up to 50 10

over 50 to 200 15

over 200 to 350 20over 350 to 500 25

over 500 to 750 35

over 750 to 1000 45

over 1000 (as established by the power lineowner/operator or registered

professional engineer who is a

qualified person with respect to

electrical power transmission and

distribution)


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Intentionally Working Closer

Than Table A Zone 1910.1410 Paragraph (b) requires the employer to consult

with the utility owner/operator before decidingthat it infeasible to deenergize and ground thelines or relocate them.

Employer can establish this distance by eitherhaving the utility owner/operator determinethe minimum clearance distance that must bemaintained or by having a registeredprofessional engineerwho is a qualifiedperson with respect to electrical transmissionand distribution determine the minimumclearance distance that must be maintained.


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Must show:

Staying outside zone

is infeasible Infeasible to

deenergize and

ground

Intentionally Working Closer Than Table A Zone

All of the following are required:

1. PL owner sets minimum approachdistance

2. Planning meeting procedures

3. Dedicated spotter

4. Elevated warning line or barricade

5. Insulating link/device

6. Non-conductive rigging

7. Range limiter (if equipped)

8. Non-conductive tag line (if used)

9. Barricades - 10 feet from equipment

10. Limit access to essential employees

11. Ground crane

12. Deactivate automatic re-energizer

1926.1410


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Assembly Disassembly

Employers must use a qualified rigger for

rigging operations during assembly &

disassembly

Two options:

Manufacturer procedures or

Employer procedures (criteria requirements)


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Assembly/Disassembly Supervisor

Must understand procedures

Review procedures (unless theyve used

them before)

Check that crew members understand

their tasks, hazards

Follow manufacturers prohibitions When using outriggers - fully extended or

deployed per the load chart


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A/D supervisor addresses 12 key hazards,

including:

Adequate site and ground conditions

Sufficient blocking for load and stability

Suitable boom and jib pick points

Identify center of gravity

Stability for pin removal Consider wind speed and weather

Assembly/Disassembly (contd)


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The suitability of blocking material

Verification of the loads for assist cranes

Snagging of cables or components Struck by counter weights

Boom hoist brake failure

Loss of backwards stability

Assembly/Disassembly (contd)


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Qualified Rigger

1926.1404 (r)

Meets the criteria for a qualified person

Possession of a recognized degree,certificate, or professional standing, or

extensive (rigging) knowledge, training

and experience

Successfully demonstrated the ability to

solve/resolve problems (relating to rigging)


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Tower Cranes

Employers must perform a pre-erection

inspection of tower cranes.

Extensive requirements under 1926.1435

and other sections.

Beyond scope of this presentation

Numerous accidents such as Seattle in

85, San Francisco in 89, Manhattan in 08,

Hong Kong in 08, New York in 06,


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Ground Conditions

1926.1402 (b)

Ground conditions must be firm, drained,and graded

Use supporting materials,

Use equipment manufacturer'sspecifications for adequate support

Use equipment manufacturer'sspecifications for degree of level of theequipment


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Controlling Entity

1926.1402 (c)(3)

Must ensure that ground preparations are safe

Must inform the user of the equipment and the

operatorof the location of known hazardsbeneath the equipment set-up area (such as

voids, tanks, utilities)

If there is no controlling entity then the employerthat has authority at the site to make or arrange

for ground preparations must do so.


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Signals

Signal personwhen requ ired:

Point of operation not

in full view of operator

View of direction oftravel is obstructed

Site specific safetyconcerns

1926.1428 Signalperson qualifications

Signal Types: Hand, voice, audible

or new

Only time an operator

can use a cell phone iswhile lifting as part of aplanned procedure


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Signals (contd.)

Signal person qualifications

3rd party qualified

evaluator

Yes Yes

Employer Qualified

Evaluator

Yes No

Qualified how Documentation Portable


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QualificationRequirements:

Know & understand signals

Competent in using signals

Basic understanding of crane

operation

Verbal or written test +practical test

Signals (contd.)


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1926.1412 Inspections

Modified or Repaired/

adjusted

Qualified

Post-assembly Qualified

Shift Competent

Monthly Competent

Annual Qualified

Type of Inspection: Who Inspects:


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Inspections (contd)

Shift= visual inspection for apparent

deficiencies

Monthly= documented shift inspection

Annual= comprehensive, every 12 months


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Each Shift Inspection

1926.1412 (d)

Apparent deficiencies

Control and Drive

mechanisms Hydraulics

Hooks

Wire Rope

Electrical

Ground Conditions

Levelness of thecrane

Operator view

All Safety Devices Operational Aids are

working


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Operators

1926.1417 has many requirements. Some highlights are: Must not engage in any activity that diverts his/her

attention while operating the equipment,

No cell phones (other than when used for signalcommunications)

Must not leave the controls while the load issuspended, (four exceptions)

Must verify that the load is within the rated capacity ofthe equipment (2 methods)

Must obey a stop (or emergency stop) signal,irrespective of who gives it.

Told of any employee entering the crane work area1926.1424(a)(3)


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Employer Training

1926.1430 Employee

Training Issues

Powerline safety

Signal persons

Operators

Competent Person

Qualified Persons

Crush Pinch pointhazards

Tagout for repair

Must confirm that the

employee understands

the information provided

in the training

Provide the training at nocost to the employee


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Work Area Control

1926.1424

Train each employee assigned to work on

or near the equipment

Erect and maintain control lines, warning

lines, railings or similar barriers to mark

the boundaries of the hazard area (1

Exception)


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Resources

Cranes and Derricks in Construction Final Rule http://www.osha.gov/cranes-derricks/index.html

Associated Training Service Network

http://www.operator-school.com/

National Commission for the Certification of Crane Operators http://www.nccco.org/

National Association of Heavy Equipment Training Schools

http://www.heavy-equipment-school.com/

North American Crane Bureau Group

http://www.cranesafe.com/history.htm

California Crane School

http://www.californiacraneschool.com/
http://www.osha.gov/cranes-derricks/index.htmlhttp://www.operator-school.com/http://www.nccco.org/http://www.heavy-equipment-school.com/http://www.cranesafe.com/history.htmhttp://www.californiacraneschool.com/http://www.californiacraneschool.com/http://www.cranesafe.com/history.htmhttp://www.heavy-equipment-school.com/http://www.heavy-equipment-school.com/http://www.heavy-equipment-school.com/http://www.heavy-equipment-school.com/http://www.heavy-equipment-school.com/http://www.nccco.org/http://www.operator-school.com/http://www.operator-school.com/http://www.operator-school.com/http://www.osha.gov/cranes-derricks/index.htmlhttp://www.osha.gov/cranes-derricks/index.htmlhttp://www.osha.gov/cranes-derricks/index.html


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Further

This ppt was prepared by John Newquist as a preliminary aid for the newstandard. Please check the OSHA website for Crane Outreach Material thatwill be developed in the coming months.

This is not an official OSHA publication. Those will be on the OSHA.govwebsite.

[email protected] is my email if you see any errors

312-353-5977 Brian Sturtecky is our Region V Certified Crane Inspector and has provided

key assistance on this standard. He can be reached at 312-353-2220.

Several slides were obtained from the OSHA Training Institute from theirWebinar August 30, 2010.

Every aspect from inspecting, repairing, operating, rigging and signalingthese cranes require extensive training. Please take classes with hands on

training if you are expected to perform any of these activities. I want to thank Brian, Lisa, Tom, Bill, Cathy for all their assistance in

answering questions and providing issues that are coming from the public.
mailto:[email protected]:[email protected]

Documents

Construction Crane Safety - New Requirements 2010 (Craig Schumann, CH)