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(Curcuma longa L.=C.domestica Valeton)
turmeric(
(1989) [ ]
13
No.10 p7 13 2002
Constituents of Representative CurcumaAnd Estimation of Curcuma species in Health Foods
TAKESHI MATSUO, AKIE TOYOTA, HISAYUKI KANAMORI, KAZUO NAKUMURA,
SHIGEKI KATSUKI , SETSUKO SEKITA and MOTOYOSHI SATAKE
(Received Oct. 30, 2002)
Constituents analysis for making matter the principal constituents and contents in typical Curcuma by highperformance liquid chromatography(HPLC) and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry(GC-MS) wereconducted on Six species of Rhizomes of Curcuma (Zingiberaceae) cultivated plants in Japan, such as C.longaL.(Indoneshia), C.longa L.(Tanegashima), C.aromatica Salisb., C. xanthorrhiz Roxb., C. zedoaria Roscoe andC. petiolata Roxb..
As the result, each species of cultivated Curcuma contains some characteristic constituents.Three curcuminoids (monodemethoxycurcumin( ),didemethoxycurcumin( ) , curcumin( )) and seven
sesquiterpenoids (three turmerones:ar-(+)-turmerone( ), -turmerone( ), -turmerone( ) and fourcurcumenes: -curcumene( ),zingiberene( ), -bisabolene( ) and -sesquiphellandrene( )) as the majorcomponents of C. longa L. proved to be characterized by contents and constituents. It was also proven that theirmajor components were the indicators for estimating six species of Curcuma.
It was made possible to estimate species of Curcuma by conducting quantitative analysis of these majorcomponents by HPLC and capillary gas chromatography(GC), and conducting constituents analysis of essentialoil in six species of cultivated Curcuma by GC-MS.
Quantitative analysis of the major components of C. longa L. and constituents analysis of essential oil in thecommodities of health foods and the commodities on the market as manufacturing medicinal materials forestimating six species of Curcuma by HPLC, GC and GC-MS were conducted on their commodities.
There were more than eight out of the sixteen health foods that whose indication contradicts the species ofCurcuma estimated.
It was conjectured that health foods are widely used with confusion. And there was some vagueness inindications of raw materials of commodity.
It was considered that C.longa L. and C.aromatica Salisb. are used by oversight as same species.The commodities on the market as manufacturing medicinal materials, were estimated that C.longa
L.(Indonesia) was using in five commodities expect a commodity was using C.longa L.(Indonesia) and C.longaL.(Tanegashima).
Key words:Curcuma (Zingiberaceae), C.longa L., C.aromatica Salisb., Curcuminoids, Sesquiterpenoids, Highperformance liquid chromatography(HPLC), Capillary gas chromatography(GC), Gaschromatography-mass spectrometry(GC-MS), Health foods.
National Institute of Health SciencesJapan Pharmacists Education Center
c u r c u m i n o i d ( m o n o d e m e t h o x y c u r c u m i n (
didemethoxycurcumin( curcumin( ))
turmerone ((ar-(+)-turmerone( -
turmerone( -turmerone( )) curcumen ( -
curcumene( zingiberene( -bisabolene( -
sesquiphellandrene( )) [ ] [ ]
[ ] [ ] [ ] [ ]
10 11 [12] [13]
(Curcuma C. aromatica Salisb. (
C. xanthorrhiz Roxb. (
Curcuma
(HPLC)
(GC)
(GC-MS)
Curcuma
HPLC GC GC-MS
Curcuma
(1)
C. longa L.( )
C. longa L.( )
C. aromatica Salisb.
C. xanthorrhiz Roxb.
C. zedoaria Roscoe
C. petiolata Roxb.
(2)
16
(1)
(2) A
ADVANTEC
15A(15 0.45 m
Merck
Silica gel 60(230mesh)
(1) curcuminoid
, (1)
, , Chart
(2) turmerone
, (1)
n-
, , Chart
(3) curcumene
, , (1)
n-
, , ,
Chrat
(1) HPLC HP-1100(Hewlett Packard )
(2) GC GC-3800(GL Sciences )
(3) GC-MS JMS-AX505(JEOL )
(1) HPLC
YMC- Pack ODS- AM 302(4.6 I.D. 150 )
CH3CN : 0.1%H3PO4(50:50) 1mL/min
40 10 L 420nm
(2) G C
DB- (30m 0.25 I.D.( :0.25 m) J&W
200 300
150 ( min) 150-300 (10 /min)
He( mL/min) (100: )
L FID
(3) GC-MS
DB- (30m 0.25 I.D.( :0.25 m) J&W
No.10 2002
200 50 -300 (10 /min)
He( mL/min)
(100 1) L 70eV
(1) 20mg
20mL 2,5
10 20
65mg
20mL 30
25mL
10 L
HPLC
curcuminoid
B C
65mg n-
n-
25mL 10
200mg n-
10mL 15
(3,000rpm)
L GC
turmerone curcumene
1 L GC-MS
GC-MS
Curcuma
C. petiolata
Roxb.) HPLC GC-MS
HPLC GC-MS Fig.1
Fig.3 Curcuma
curcuminoid
turmerone
curcumene
Curcuma
HPLC GC
HPLC GC Fig.1 Fig.2 HPLC
GC Table
HPLC GC
curcuminoid 50mg/g
turmerone 60mg/g curcumene 7.3mg/g
curcuminoid
,
Turmerone ,
curcumene
,
HPLC GC
curcuminoid
13mg/g turmerone 23mg/g
/3 1/ curcumene
59.7mg/g ,
Curcuminoid
,
HPLC curcuminoid
No.10 2002
Chart 1
Chart 2
No.10 2002
Fig. 1 HPLC Chromatograms of the Methanol Extract ofVarious Cultivated Plants
: didemethoxycurcumin : monodemethoxycurcumin: curcumin
HPLC conditioncolumn : YMC-Pack ODS-AM302(4.6I.D. 150 mm, 5 m,120A),column temp.: 40 , mobile phase : CH3CN : 0.1%H3PO4 (50:50),flow rate : 1mL/min, detector : 420nm, injection volume : 10 L
Fig. 3 GC-MS Chromatograms of the Hexane Extracts ofVarious Cultivated Plants
:ar-(+)-turmerone : -turmerone : -turmerone: -curcumene :zingiberene : -bisabolene: -sesquiphellandrene
GC-MS Conditioncolumn : DB-1 fused silica capillary(30m 0.25 I.D., film thickness 0.25m , J&W SCIENTIFIC), carrier gas : He(1mL/min), injection temp.:200 , injection port : split injection(100:1), column temp.: 50-300(10 /min), ionization Volt : 70eV, injection volume :1 L
Fig. 2 GC Chromatograms of the Hexane Extracts ofVarious Cultivated Plants
:ar-(+)-turmerone : -turmerone : -turmerone: -curcumene :zingiberene : -bisabolene: -sesquiphellandrene
GC-MS Conditioncolumn : DB-1 fused silica capillary(30m 0.25 I.D., film thickness 0.25m, J&W SCIENTIFIC), carrier gas:He(1mL/min), injection temp.:200 , injection port : split injection(100:1), column temp.:Programmed 2min at 150 ,150-300 (10 /min), injection Volume:1 L, detector : FID
Table Contents(mg/g) of Curcuminoids, Turmerones andCurcumenes in Various Cultivated Plants
1.4mg/g 1/40
T
GC turmerone
curcumene GC MS
curdione curcumerone germacrone -elemene
[14] [15]
HPLC
curcuminoid 7.2mg/g
3/5
GC Turmerone
curcumen
GC MS
29.7mg/g 27.8mg/g
HPLC ,
(Fig.1)
0.7mL/min , ,
, , UV
HPLC
0.7mL/min
C. petiolata Roxb. curcuminoid
, , , turmerone , , curcumene ,
, ,
(Fig.3)
curcuminoid ( , , ) turmerone
, , curcumen , , ,
Curcuma
HPLC GC GC-
MS Curcuma
(1)
HPLC GC
curcuminoid turmerone curcumen
GC MS
Curcuma
GC HPLC Curcuma
Table
No.10 2002
Table Estimated Curcuma and Contents(mg/g) of Curcuminoids, Turmerones, Curcumenes in Health Foods
Curcuma
No.2 No.3
No.3
No.6 HPLC
No.1
turmerone curcumene
GC MS
GC-MS
No.7 HPLC
GC
turmerone GC MS
No.7
GC MS
No.10 curcuminoid , ,
curcumene
No.11 12
turmerone curcumene
No.16 GC MS
Curcuma
16
11
No.18 No.17 curcuminoid
HPLC
, UV
0.6%
orange yellow
16
B
HPLC GC GC MS
curcuminoid turmerone curcumene
Table
No.1 HPLC
curcumene
GC MS
curzerenone
T
17
I T
No.10 2002
Table Estimated C. longa and Contents(mg/g) ofCurcuminoids, Turmerones, Curcumenes
Curcuma
C. petiolata
Roxb.) HPLC GC GC-MS
Curcuma
curcuminoid ,
, sesquiterpenoid turmerone , ,
curcumene , , ,
Curcuma
HPLC GC GC-
MS
Curcuma
HPLC GC GC-MS
Curcuma
Curcuma 16
T
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No.10 2002