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ONLINE MULTIMEDIA LEARNING
Connecting information
by: António Maneira
Advanced Digital Media - UT Austin | Portugal26-0
5-2
011
Online Multimedia Learning
Human-centered multimedia Cognitive Theory of Multimedia
Learning Connecting information
Trinity: “Tank I need a pilot program for a B-212 helicopter.”
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Dg0E5xwIXho
The Matrix (1999)
What would be your criteria for building a multimedia presentation?
What would be your criteria for building a multimedia presentation?
Technologically Sophisticated• Computer • Internet• Latest
softwares
What would be your criteria for building a multimedia presentation?
Information-rich• Images• Sound• Animations• Text• Tables
Technologically Sophisticated• Computer • Internet• Latest
softwares
What would be your criteria for building a multimedia presentation?
Technologically Sophisticated• Computer • Internet• Latest
softwares
Aesthetically Pleasing• Nice photos• Shinny graphics• Colorful types• Fading
backgrounds
What would be your criteria for building a multimedia presentation?
Information-rich• Images• Sound• Animations• Text• Tables
What would be your criteria for building a multimedia presentation?
Information-rich• Images• Sound• Animations• Text• Tables
Aesthetically Pleasing• Nice photos• Shinny graphics• Colorful types• Fading
backgrounds
What would be your criteria for building a multimedia presentation?
Aesthetically Pleasing• Nice photos• Shinny graphics• Colorful types• Fading
backgrounds
What would be your criteria for building a multimedia presentation?
Information-rich• Images• Sound• Animations• Text• Tables
Technologically Sophisticated• Computer • Internet• Latest
softwares
Aesthetically Pleasing• Nice photos• Shinny graphics• Colorful types• Fading
backgrounds
Human-centered multimedia
What is Multimedia? Delivery-Media View Presentation-Modes View Sensory-Modality View
Human-centered multimedia
Two Design Approaches: Technology-Centered Learner-Centered
Human-centered multimedia
Learning outcomes:Rote Learning - Good retention Poor
transferMeaningful Learning - Good retention &
transfer
Human-centered multimedia
Human mind:Long-term memoryWorking memory
Why Multimedia? Dual channels (multiple channels) Limited capacity Active processing
Human-centered multimedia
Dual channels: Visual information Processing Auditory information Processing
Words Pictures
Ears Eyes
Sounds Images
Verbal Model Pictorial Model
Human-centered multimedia
Limited capacity working memory is only able to hold
7 new data; almost all the contents of working
memory are lost within about 20 seconds.
Human-centered multimedia
Active processing1. Selecting relevant words2. images3. Organizing into a verbal model4. pictorial model5. Integrating the verbal and pictorial
representation with each other and with prior knowledge
How pumps work
As the rod is pulled out, air passes through the piston and fills the area between the piston and the outlet valve. As the rod is pushed in, the inlet valve closes and the piston forces air through the outlet valve.
Arousal theory Students learn better when they are
emotionally aroused by the material
How Lightening works
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Q3Awp-3CxSU
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Q3Awp-3CxSU
Cognitive Theory of Multimedia Learning
Principles for better Multimedia Learning:
1. Coherence2. Signaling3. Redundancy 4. Segmenting5. Multimedia6. Personalization
Other multimedia priciples
Spatial contiguity
Temporal contiguity
Pre-training
Modality
Voice
Image
Coherence
Less is more
Students tend to be able to remember the seductive details better than they can remember the central ideas in the passage
Signaling
People learn better when cues that highlight the
organization of the essential material are
added
Outlines Headings Vocal emphasis Pointer words
Redundancy
Multimedia is more effective when words are presented
as speach rather then speech and printed text
learning preferences hypothesis
Segmenting
students learn better when a multimedia message is presented in user-paced
segments rather than as a continuous unit
Multimedia
People learn better from words and pictures than from
words alone
Decorative Representational Organizational Explanative
Personalization
People learn better from multimedia presentations
when words are in conversational style rather
than formal style
Multimedia learning as social event Voice (Human vs Computer) Image (Avatar / Tutor )
Connecting Information
How big is the internet? 109.5 million websites operated one trillion unique URLs 65,000 new videos were being
uploaded every day
Have you ever used YouTube to teach yourself something?
Connecting information
Learning Management Systems (LMS) and authoring tools (Commercial: Articulate; Camtasia; Lectora; Blackboard,...; Adobe Captivate) (Opensource: Moodle, Elgg, Udutu,...)
More: http://www.c4lpt.co.uk/Directory/Tools/instructional.html
Connecting information
Children who train with the virtual materials are as capable in correctly designing experiments as children who train with the physical materials.
Triona and Klahr
Conclusões
A utilização de meios audiovisuais, de multimédia e soluções interactivas na educação é vantajosa em diversos casos;
É cada vez mais simples criar vídeos animações e imagens;
Existem algumas regras e condições para potenciar a utilização de multimédia na educação.
Obrigado
Referências:
Mayer, R. E. (2009). Multimedia Learning (2nd ed.). Cambridge University Press
Kommers, Piet; Grabinger, Scott; Dunlap, Joana (1996). Hypermedia Learning Environments, Instructional Design and Integration, New Jersey: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Inc.
Ree, Stephen K. (2009). Manipulating Multimedia Materials, In Zheng, Rober Z. (2009) Cognitive Effects of Multimedia Learning http://www.sci.sdsu.edu/CRMSE/personal_pages/sreed/Manipulating_Materials.pdf
http://sourceforge.net/projects/camstudio/files/stable/