CONNECT-EZ LOAD TEST REPORT Phase I · CONNECT-EZ LOAD TEST REPORT Phase I Series “V” - 12 x 12 University of CincinnaE June 16, 2011 ... (72DLH17: 56#/lf @ 6.5S spacing) plus

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CONNECT-EZLOADTESTREPORTPhaseI

Series“V”-12x12UniversityofCincinnaE

June16,2011BahramShahrooz,Ph.D.,P.E.,FACI

DirectorofUniversityofCincinnaELargeScaleTestFacility

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CONNECT-EZwww.theconect-ez.com(937)902-7836

http://www.theconect-ez.com

http://www.theconect-ez.com

CONNECT-EZSeriesITests

1. IntroducEon

TheCONNECT-EZseriesofconnec@ondeviceseliminatetheneedforthefieldweldingofconnec@onsbetweensteelandconcretestructuralcomponentsduringthesteelerec@onprocess.Furthermore,thedevicesaredesignedasamechanicalloadtransferdeviceallowingconnec@onstobemaderemotely.

ThemainadvantagesofferedbytheCONNECT-EZsystemareasfollows:

• Economy:Smallererec@oncrewswithfewerskilledweldersandlessequipmentwillbeneeded,and,hence,costswillbereduced.

• Speed:Elimina@onofweldingspeedserec@on.• Safety:Remotelyengaged,mechanicalconnec@onreducestheneedforworkerson

ladders,scaffolds,orhydraulicliSs.• Quality:Uncertain@esoffieldweldingareeliminatedwithmechanicalconnec@on.• Inspec5on:Readilyvisibleconnec@oncomponentsallowstructuralinspec@onstobe

conductedquickly,safely,andconfidently;whilestandingonthefloor.

2. ExperimentalSetup

InordertounderstandthebehaviorandcapacityofCONNECT-EZdevices,aseriesofloadtestswasconducted.Thefocusofthisphaseoftes@ngwasontheCONNECT-EZ(C-EZ)“V”12x12devices.Thetestapparatus(Figure1)allowedapplica@onoflateralloadsimultaneouslywithgravity,pullout,orupliSloadsthatweretransferredfromtheC-EZbearing-seattotheC-EZchamberandfromtheC-EZchambertofour¾-inchdiametersteelstuds.ThetestswereperformedattheUniversityofCincinna@LargeScaleTestFacility(UCLSTF).

Figure1TestSetup

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Theloadcombina@onswereappliedaccordingtotheprotocolshowninTable1.Apairofhydraulicjacks,showninFigure2,[email protected]@onsofvarioushydraulicjacksareshowninFigure3.Calibratedpressuretransducerswereusedtoelectronicallymeasureandrecordtheappliedloads.

Table1LoadingCombinaEons

Case Loads

1 Lateral+Pullout

2 Lateral+UpliS

3 Lateral+Gravity

� (a) Lateral+Pullout

� (b)Lateral+Gravity

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Figure2HydraulicJacks

� (c)Lateral+UpliS

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� Figure3LocaEonsofHydraulicJacks

3. LoadingProtocol

Thelevelsofvariousloadswereestablishedbasedonthefollowingcriteria.

3.1.Gravity

Thegravity,workingloadwasdeterminedbyusingthe“SafeLoad”for72DLH17longspanjoist(SJIJoistandJoistGirder,StandardASDLoadTable).

ReacEon WorkingLoad SafetyFactor UlEmateLoad

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3.2.UpliZ

3.3Pullout(i.e.,loadperpendiculartotheplaneoftheconcretesurface)

3.4Lateral(i.e.,loadparalleltotheplaneoftheconcretesurface)

ThetestswereconductedaccordingtothesequencesshowninTable2.

Table2LoadingSequence

58.4kips/2=29.2kips 30.0kips X2.5 75.0kips


Deadload:(72DLH17:56#/[email protected])plus1.6#/sf(22ga.widerib“B”deck)=10.22#/sfUpliZwindload:-30#/sfJoistspan:100S.Joistspacing:6.5S.

ReacEon:-6430#or-6.5kips

-6.5kips X2.5 -16.3


Windload:30#/sfSurfacewidth:6.5S.Surfaceheight:50S.

ReacEon:4875#or5.0kips

5.0kips X2.5 12.5kips


Windload:600#/lSJoistspacing:6.5S.

ReacEon:3900#or4.0kips

4.0kips X2.5 10.0kips

Sequence Lateral Pullout UpliS Gravity

1 4.0 5.0 x x

2 4.0 12.5 x x

3 4.0 x 6.5 x

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4. TestSpecimens

Inthisseriesoftests,thefollowingconnectorsweretested.

a. C-EZ“V”12x12x0.5withtheseatweldedtotheinsidefaceofthechamberb. C-EZ“V”12x12x0.375withtheseatweldedtotheinsidefaceofthechamberc. C-EZ“V”12x12x0.375withtheseatnotweldedd. C-EZ“V”12x12x0.25withtheseatweldedtotheinsidefaceofthechamber

5. TestResults

5.1C-EZ"V"12x12x0.50–SeatWelded

Inthisspecimen,thebackedgeoftheseatwaswelded(1/4inchx5inchfillet)totheinsidefaceofthechamber.ThemeasuredloadsaresummarizedinTable3.Thespecimenfailedat70kips.Thefailurewasduetofractureofthetoptwostuds,asshowninFigure4.Thefailureloadcorrespondstoafactorofsafetyof2.33.

Table3TestResults–C-EZ“V”12x12x0.5–SeatWelded

4 10.0 x 6.5 x

5 4.0 x 16.3 x

6 4.0 x x 30.0

7 10.0 x x 30.0

8 4.0 x x 75.0

9 4.0 x x Failure


1--- 5.4 X x

4.7 5.1 x x

2 4.2 12.6 x x

3 4.0 x 6.3* x

4 9.7* x 5.4* x

5 4.3 x 15.9+ x

6--- x x 30.4**

4.1 x x 28.3*

7 10.4 x x 26.9*

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+ThesupportbeambegantoupliSaSerapplying9.7kips,andloadingwasstopped.*ThehydraulicpressuredroppedaSerachievingthetargetload.**Maximumappliedload

Figure4FailureMode5.2C-EZ"V"12x12x0.375-SeatWelded

Inthisspecimen,thebackedgeoftheseatwaswelded(1/4inchx6inchfillet)totheinsidefaceofthechamber.ThetestresultsaresummarizedinTable4.ASerapplying76kipsofgravityload,thegussetplateundertheseatbegantoyield,asshowninFigure5.At97.2kips,theweldbetweentheseatandthechamberbegantofractureaSerno@ceablebendingoftheseat(seeFigure6),[email protected],theconnec@[email protected],whichcorrespondstoasafetyfactorof2.12,and2.3kipsoflateralload.Consideringtheexcessivebendingoftheseatandresidualcapacity,thefailuremodeisclassifiedasduc@le.Thefailureloadcorrespondstoasafetyfactorof3.24.

Table4TestResults–C-EZ“V”12x12x0.375–SeatWelded

8 3.6* x x 70.0(F.S.=2.33)

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14.4 --- x x

3.9* 5.1 x x

2 4.0 12.6 x x

3 6.3 x 5.2* x

4 9.6+ x 4.9* x

54.0 x 13.3 x

3.8* x 14.6** x

6--- x x 32.1**

4.0 x x 28.0*

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+ThesupportbeambegantoupliSaSerapplying9.7kips.*ThehydraulicpressuredroppedaSerachievingthetargetload.**Maximumappliedload.

� Figure5IniEaEonofYielding

7 10.2 x x 31.2

8 4.6 x x 76.3

9 3.7* x x 97.2(F.S.=3.24)

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Figure6FailureofSpecimen

� (a) PriortoWeldFracture

� (b)WeldFracture

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5.3C-EZ"V"12x12x0.375-SeatNotWelded

Theseatwasnotweldedinthisspecimen.Asaresult,upliSloadswerenotapplied.ThetestresultsaresummarizedinTable5.ASerdeveloping67.4kipsofgravityload(whichcorrespondstoasafetyfactorof2.25),thechamber’sbotomplatedirectlybelowtheseatbegantofail,asseenfromFigure7.Thefailuremodewasduc@le,andwasduetoweldfractureaccompaniedbyplatebending.Thegussetplatehadbeguntoyieldasevidentbypaintflaking.

Table5TestResults–C-EZ"V"12x12x0.375-Seatnotwelded

*ThehydraulicpressuredroppedaSerachievingthetargetload.**Maximumappliedload.


14.2 --- x x

3.9* 5.0 x x

2 4.4 12.6 x x

3 x x x x

4 x x x x

5 x x x x

6--- x x 31.0

3.9* x x 27.5*

7 9.8** x x 29.6*

8 4.4 x x 67.4(F.S.=2.25)

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� Figure7FailurePadernatPeakLoad

Beyondtheini@alweldfractureandplatebending,theconnec@onwasabletoresistaddi@onalloads.Itwasabletoresist5.5kipsoflateralloadand49.5kipsofgravity,bothofwhichexceedtheservicelevelloadsof4kipsand30kips,[email protected]@onoftheloadingbeam,thelateralloadwasremovedandthegravityloadwasincreasedto54.5kips.Atthisloadtheweldfractureandplatebendinghadspreadoveralargepor@onofthechamber,refertoFigure8,andloadingwasstopped.

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� Figure8CondiEonoftheConnecEonattheConclusionofTesEng

5.4C-EZ"V"12x12x0.25-SeatWelded

[email protected]–refertoTable6.Thisloadcorrespondstoasafetyfactorof2.33.Theseathadbeenweldedtothebackplateofthechamber.Thebackplateofthechamberexperiencedlargedeforma@onsastheseatrotated.Thefailuremodewasveryduc@le.ExcessivebendingofthebackplateisevidentfromFigure9.

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Thebackedgeoftheseatwaswelded(1/4inchx6inchfillet)totheinsidefaceofthechamber.

Table6TestResults–C-EZ"V"12x12x0.25-Seatwelded

+Theloadingwasstoppedat6.7kipsduetoexcessivebendingintheseat.*ThehydraulicpressuredroppedaSerachievingthetargetload.**Maximumappliedload

� Figure9BendingontheBackPlateintheChamber


1 4.7 5.1 x x

2 4.2 12.6 x x

3--- x 8.6** x

4.3 x 6.6 x

44.9 x 6.0* x

6.7+ x 5.3* x

53.1 x 16.1** x

4.0 x 14.7* x

6--- x x 30.2**

4.1 x x 28.3*

75.5 x x 28.0*

10.4 x x 26.9*

84.2 x x 22.2*

3.6* x x 70.0(F.S.=2.33)

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6. SummaryandObservaEons

Thedeviceswereabletodevelopandexceedtheexpectedworkingloadsbyasafetyfactorofatleast2.25.Theloadingsappliedinthisseriesoftestsequalsorexceedsthecombina@onsofdeadandliveloads(gravity,wind,andseismic)thatwouldreasonablybeexpectedtoberesistedbyastructurein90%oftheregionsoftheUnitedStates.

Thefailuremodesweregenerallyduc@lewiththeexcep@onofstudfractureinCV-EZ“V”12x12x0.5device.Nevertheless,thestudsfracturedataload233%largerthantheworkingload,anditoccurredaSerexcessivebendingintheseatangle.Inthiscase,theobservedstudfracturemaybeclassifiedas“duc@le”becauseofexcessivevisualdeforma@onspriortofailure.

Thespecimensforthisseriesoftestswerenotembeddedinconcrete.ThefocusofthesetestswastodemonstratetheperformanceandcapacityoftheConnect-EZsystemtotransferloadsbetweentheC-EZbearing-seatandtheC-EZchamberandbetweentheC-EZchamberandfouratached¾inchdiametersteelstuds.Thestructuralengineer’sdesignofthestudstotransferloadsfromtheCONNECT-EZdevicestoaconcretesec@onmaybeaccomplishedaccordingtowell-establishedmethodsavailableinAppendixDofACI318and/orthePCIDesignHandbook(thesec@onsrelatedtodesignofembeddedsteelplatesandstuds).

Alargernumberoftestdataanddetailedreliabilityanalysesarenecessarytodevelopstrengthreduc@onfactors.Developmentofstrengthreduc@onfactorswasnotwithinthescopeofthisseriesoftests.

Forfurtherinforma@onorques@onspleasecontact:

BahramShahrooz,Ph.D.,P.E.,FACIDirectorofUCLSTF

RobertFoley,P.E.

[email protected] [email protected]

(513)566-3677 (937)689-7725

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mailto:[email protected]

mailto:[email protected]

APPENDIXA–STUDCAPACITY

ThecapacityofthestudswascomputedbasedontheprovisionsfromACIAppendixD.Theeccentrici@esbetweentheconnec@onandthegravityandlateralloadsproducemoments.Thesemomentsresultinatensileforceinthetopstudclosertothepointofapplica@onofthelateralload.

ThestudsinspecimenC-EZ"V"12x12x0.50–SeatWeldedfractured.Thestudcapacitywascomputedbasedonthefollowingassump@ons:(a)thelateralloadisdistributedequallyamongthestuds,and(b)thestudsonthecompressionfaceoftheconnec@onresist75%oftheshearduetogravityload.Variousparametersandthecomputedcapaci@esareshowninTableA.1.Byignoringthestrengthreduc@onfactors,whichisreasonablewhenevalua@ngtestspecimenswithknownproper@esanddimensions,thegravityloadcorrespondingtotheexpectedstudcapacityis71kips.Thisvalueisnearlyiden@calto70kipsatwhichthestudsinthisspecimenfractured.

TableA.1ComputedGravityLoadatStudCapacity

n 1 1

d 0.75 in. 0.75 in.

Ase,N 0.44 in.2 0.44 in.2

futa 61 ksi 61 ksi

Nsa 26.95 kips 26.95 kips

φ 0.75 1.00

φNsa 20.21 kips 26.95 kips

Ase,V 0.44 in.2 0.44 in.2

Vsa 26.95 kips 26.95 kips

φ 0.65 1.00

φVsa 17.52 kips 26.95 kips

Eccentricityofgravityload 5 in. 5 in.

Eccentricityoflateralload 4.75 in. 4.75 in.

Ver@caldistancebetweenthetop&botomstuds 8 in. 8 in.

Horizontaldistancebetweenthetopstuds 5.5 in. 5.5 in.

Appliedlateralload(shear) 4 kips 4 kips

%ofshearineachstudduetolateralload 25% 25%

RefertoAppendixDfordefini@onofvariousvariables.

%ofshearinthetopsudsduetogravityload 25% 25%

Computedgravityloadatstudcapacity 50 kips 71 kips

Documents

CONNECT-EZ LOAD TEST REPORT Phase I · CONNECT-EZ LOAD TEST REPORT Phase I Series “V” - 12 x 12 University of CincinnaE June 16, 2011 ... (72DLH17: 56#/lf @ 6.5S spacing) plus