Confidential, Copyright © 2019 Radio Bridge Inc · used for years to connect wireless devices to the Internet. It has historically been the only viable solution for wireless WAN

Confidential, Copyright © 2019 Radio Bridge Inc

Introductions


Steve Kilts

CEO and co-founder

Mike Fette

CTO and co-founder

John Sheldon

Sales engineer

Radio Bridge Overview


Finished products that you can plug and play

Wireless sensor products

Focused on LPWAN technologies

No FCC certification is

required (we’ve done this for

you)

All certifications are complete

with the standards bodies

Indoor / Smart Building Products

Copyright © 2019 Radio Bridge Inc

Push Buttons

Temperature SensorsTemperature and Humidity

Water Leak Detection

Movement and Tilt

Door/Window Sensor

Outdoor/Industrial Products

Copyright © 2019 Radio Bridge Inc

Vibration Sensors

Water Rope SensorsTemperature and Humidity

Ultrasonic Tank Level Sensors

Movement and Tilt

High-Temperature Sensors

Device Management Console


Monitoring

Decode all

sensor data

Provisioning

Integrates with

all networksDevice driver

in the cloud

Configuration

All sensors can

be configured in

the field after

they are

deployed

Single API


API

Single API to your application

with plain sensor data

Choosing a Wireless Technology


Which wireless technology is best?- It depends on the application

- There is a place for most standards

The purpose of this workshop is to review the

various wireless standards so you can determine

what is the best for your application


LPWAN Overview


Please, create a login to:

console.radiobridge.com


Cellular has been

used for years to

connect wireless

devices to the Internet.

It has historically been

the only viable solution

for wireless WAN

connectivity.

High cost of

the wireless

modules

themselves

$

High power

consumption

requiring

rechargeable

batteries

Overly

complex for

simple

sensors

Very

expensive

data plans

Traditional Solution: Cellular

Cellular Limitations

Traditional Solutions: WIFI, Zigbee, BLE

High power

consumption

Very short

range

Difficult to

reconfigure devices

in the field with no

user interface

Overly complex for

simple devices


New Wireless Standards

• The new standards for connecting simple battery powered sensors to the cloud are generally called LPWAN (Low Power Wide Area Networks)

These new standards were created to connect simple devices to the cloud very cheaply and

efficiently


Comparison Matrix


Feature Sigfox LoRaWAN M1 NB1

Network Providor Available Yes Yes 2019 in US T-Mobile

Network Providors Sigfox MachineQ/TTN/Senet Verizon/AT&T TMobile/Verizon/AT&T

Can you provide your own Gateway Yes for $450 Yes starting at $100 Not Today Not Today

Encrypted Yes after version 1.1 Yes Yes Yes

Over the Air Protocol BPSK up/GFSK down Chirp Spread Spectrum OFDMA/QAM OFDMA/QAM

Over the Air Data Rate 600bps NA/100bps EU 290-50Kbps 200kbs-1MBs 20kbps

Frequency 902.2MHz (NA) 902-928MHz (NA) Licensed Cellular bands Licensed Cellular bands

Range in Open Air RB tested to 12+ miles RB tested to 22+ miles at DR1 10+ miles (estimated) 15+ miles (estimated)

Data Directionality of Sensor Tx with limited Rx Tx/Rx in Class C mode Tx/Rx Tx/Rx

Message Acknowledge No Yes in US, no in Europe Yes Yes

Max Messages per day 140/6 Network Providor dependant Data Plan Limited Data Plan Limited

Time on Air to Tx message 1 second/6 seconds up to 400mS (NA) ms ms

Tx Power 24dBm 20dBm/30dBm 23dBm 23dBm

Number of messages over life of CR123A Battery ~25,000 ~200,000 (in slowest data rate) TBD TBD

Battery Life Sending 20 messages/day 3 years 10+ years TBD TBD

Battery Life Sending 72 msgs/day on2x CR2032 Not possible possible by lower power modes not possible not possible

Mobility Limited Limited Yes Limited

Location Services Signal strength Time of flight Carrier dependent Carrier dependent

Cost of radio modules <$3 <$10 <$15 <$7 (NB1 only modules)

Sigfox connects

devices directly to

a base station

75%

Sigfox has

coverage in over

55 countries

New Standard: SIGFOX


Network can be

extended as needed


Coverage Map

Sigfox Introduction


Is a network

and a protocol

Relies on very

slow data rates

for extended

range

US: 600 bps

Europe: 100 bps

Data packets are

limited to

12 bytes uplink, 8

bytes downlink

No message

acks

Downlinks are

very limited

Only happen

when requestedSupervisory

message

Tamper message

Reset message

Ultra narrow band

transmissions

4k channels

100+ channels

per sub-band

Sigfox

Pay per device and number of uplink/downlink messages1

2 manages the infrastructure

3Expansion base station/gateway options available starting at

$450

4One common interface to all Sigfox networks across the

world



Sigfox

LAB

Connects devices to a

gateway or LoRaWAN

network providers

New Standard: LoRaWAN


Coverage is easily

expanded through low-

cost gateways

New Standard: LoRaWAN


Private networks are low

cost and easy to set up

Wide acceptance in

the US

LoRaWAN Network Server

Manages provisioning, joining of

endpoint/sensors

Message Acknowledgments

Directs Downlinks to the

appropriate gateway

Manages frequency plans and data

rate through mac commands

Manages sensors through Device

ID, Application ID, Application Key


What is a NS?

Manages encryption/decryption of

payloads with endpoints

LoRaWAN Network Server Options

Hosted in the cloud

Hosted on gateway


NS

• Packet forwarding by

gateways

• Free services such as TTN

• Premium services such as

machineQ, Senet

Hosting your own dedicated

Network Server

• Actility

• The Things Industries

• Open Source Network

Servers

Tracknet acquisition

LoRaWAN and ETSI Limitations

• In Europe, there are only 8x 125k uplink channels vs. 64 in the US

Restricted time on air• LBT (Listen Before Talk)• Duty Cycle/Holdoff requirements

• Most solutions do not use “Confirmed” messages (acknowledge)

• Most solutions do not use multi-send

• Transmit integrity is monitored by sequence number continuity

1

2

3

4

5


machineQ Introduction

Division of Comcast Based on Actility

Gateway options that

“packet forward” to

the machineQ NS

Connect a gateway to

machineQ starting at

$39 per month

No per device fee or

data limits (today)

Two public machineQ

towers in MSP metro

Very stabile/very

reliable


machineQ


LAB

The Things Network introduction

Publicly supported free to use

network

Gateway options that “packet

forward” to TTN

Limited reliability, no QOS

No per device fee

Data limits in Europe: TTN Fair

Access Policy• 10 downlinks per day

• 30 secs total time on air time for uplinks

Coverage is limited by cheap

gateways

Coverage Map: The Things Network


The Things Industries introduction

Support includedYou can self host

your own private NSPaid for reliable

version of TTN


The Things Network


LAB

Senet Introduction


Public towers/

base stations

available

• No towers in MN

• Can add gateways

as packet

forwarders

Pay per device

model

• Buy in blocks

starting at 150

sensors

• Buy any qty from

Radio Bridge

Very stable/very

reliable

Limited data

uplinks/

downlinks per

day depending on

data plans

Coverage Map: Senet


Part of the

cellular network

New Standard: NB-IoT


T-Mobile has added

NBIoT coverage to their

4G network

Radio Bridge plans to

have NB-IoT samples by

H2 2019

T-Mobile Launched their

network in the summer of 2018

Finished upgrades in November

Uses guard bands for narrow

channels• Doesn’t interfere with CAT-M1 and

faster channels

7-8dB better link margin than

CAT-M1

Band 71 has deep indoor

penetration at 600MHz but

Requires a large antenna

Modules/modems that support

NB1 only are ½ the price of M1





Which Network is Right for You?


Depends on your application

Distributed: NBIoT, Sigfox, Senet

• One in every home

• Mobile location – trucking or shipping

• Infrequent event applications such as an emergency alert

Clustered: machineQ, TTN, stand-alone GWs

• One gateway in an apartment complex may cover all apartments

• One gateway can cover an entire hotel or retail store

• Frequent event applications such as sending a measurement every 15 minutes

How to Measure Range


Open air range can be misleadingMost LPWAN standards go 10s of miles in true

open air

In an urban environment it is dependent on

many factors• Concrete or metal barriers

• Reflections

• Antenna orientation and placement (height

from the ground)

• Frequency

How to Measure Range


LoRaWAN Range Testing

Proven RF Antenna Design• Achieved 22 miles line-of-site

to LoRaWAN Tower


Sigfox Range Testing

Achieved 13 miles line-of-site to Sigfox Tower


Indoor Range Testing

With an indoor gateway, we can get up to a mile range in urban environments


Gateway dependent

Indoor location dependent

How to Measure Battery Life

• Battery life estimates can be misleading

• For high message rates battery life is mostly dependent on transmit power and time on air

• Measured by number of transmissions

• For low message rates, it is based on sleep currents

• Includes battery self discharge rates

• We have a battery estimator on our website


How to Connect to Your Application

API

Unified API for all networks Simple REST API


Documents

Confidential, Copyright © 2019 Radio Bridge Inc · used for years to connect wireless devices to the Internet. It has historically been the only viable solution for wireless WAN