CONDITIONAL SENTENCES

DILBERT and

INTRO

CONDITIONAL TYPE 0

CONDITIONAL TYPE 0

Loofah, Loofa: vegetable sponge

CONDITIONAL TYPE 0

If you read that e-mail, it is proof that there is something wrong with your brain.

I can´t help it if my back itches.

If + Simple Present, Simple PresentIF + Simple Present, Simple

Present

CONDITIONAL TYPE 0

Used for situations that are always or usually true, not for specific events.

In the result clause we can use the imperative.

If Bill phones, tell him I´m not in. In these sentences “if” can sometimes be

replaced by “when” or “whenever” Time: Generic Time Reference Degree of probability: High/Certainty in some

cases

CONDITIONAL TYPE 0

More examples: If you heat ice, it melts.(When you heat ice..) If unemployment is rising, people tend to

stay in their present jobs. When you fly a budget airline, you have to

pay for your drinks and snacks. If you press this button, you get black coffee When I've written a new article, I run it

through my spell-checker.

CONDITIONAL TYPE 1

CONDITIONAL TYPE 1

Wither: become shrunken or wrinkled from age or disease

CONDITIONAL TYPE 1

I´ll find you some buyers if you give me 25%

If I refuse to help you, you´ll tell my boss I´m not a Team player

IF + Present, WILL + Infinitive

CONDITIONAL TYPE 1

Used for real particular situations that are probable if the condition is fulfilled.

In the result clause we can use modals like “can”, “may”, “must”, “ should”, etc

Time: Future Degree of probability: High

CONDITIONAL TYPE 1

More examples: If you study hard, you will pass your exams. If we do not protect the panda bears, they will

soon become extinct. If she hasn't heard the bad news yet, I'll tell

her. If you go to New York, you must have the

cheesecake in Lindy's. If he comes, you can get a lift home with him. If we don't get the contract, we'll have

wasted a lot of time and money.

CONDITIONAL TYPE 2

CONDITIONAL TYPE 2

Cliff /klif/: a steep or vertical rock face, especially at the edge of the sea

CONDITIONAL TYPE 2

If I had a winner´s mentality, I wouldn´t work here.

If everyone wore clothes, would you do that?

IF + Past, WOULD + infinitive

CONDITIONAL TYPE 2

Used for unreal, hypothetical situations Used to give advice: If I were you, I wouldn´t make him angry. The main clause can contain “would”,

“could” or “might”. Time: Future Extended Present Time Degree of probability: Improbable/Impossible

CONDITIONAL TYPE 2 More examples: If I had one million dollars, I'd give a lot to

charity. If there were no more hungry people in this

world, it would be a much better place. If I spoke to him directly, we might be able to

reach an agreement. If I were a bird, I would be able to fly If I was still living in Brighton, I would

commute by train.

CONDITIONAL TYPE 3

Accomplishment: something that has been achieved successfully. Shoo:cause to go away by waving one's arms and saying ‘shoo’.

CONDITIONAL TYPE 3

Scurry: move hurriedly with short quick steps.

CONDITIONAL TYPE 3

If I had insisted on doing my job, you would have had less time to do yours.

The meeting would have been much better if you had been prepared.

IF +Past Perfect, WOULD HAVE past participle

CONDITIONAL TYPE 3

Used to describe unreal past situations, contrary to facts.

The pronunciation of “would have” is always /wudᵊv/. Never strong form for “have”.

The main clause can contain “would”, “could” or “might

It is often used to express criticism or regret. Time: Past Degree of probability: Impossible

CONDITIONAL TYPE 3

More examples:

If we had caught the earlier train, we would have got there on time but we were late.

If I had worked harder at school, I would have got better grades.

If you had saved your money, you could have bought a laptop.

If we had played a little better, we might have won the game. If I hadn't been wearing a seat belt, I would have been killed.

CONDITIONALS: DIFFERENCE IN MEANING If you arrive early, you get a better seat.

If you arrive early, you´ll get a better seat.

If you arrived early, you´d get a better seat.

If you had arrived early, you´d have got a better seat.

EXPANDING ON CONDITIONALS

Unless I won´t work unless he pays me On condition that /Provided/ Providing that /As long

as /So long as You can come with me as long as you behave well

Even if Even if it rains, we´ll still go for a pic nic If only If only I had enough time! Supposing/Suppose Suppose you told him the

truth, what could he do about it? Otherwise Thanks for the directions. We wouldn´t

have found the house otherwise. But for But for your help, we would have been in

trouble If + adjectives If necessary, take a taxi. Inversion Had I known you were ill, I would have

called you.

EXPANDING ON CONDITIONALS

1) If they have finished their work, they deserve a rest

2) If you should happen to see her, tell her to phone me.

3) If she hadn´t paid you when she was here last time, she won´t pay you today either

4) Were the government to go for the reelection, there would be a revolt.

5) If she has finished her homework by tomorrow, she will lend it to me.

6) If she told you she doesn´t like English, she lied to you.

7) If she started to work on the project yesterday, she won´t finish by Friday.

EXPANDING ON CONDITIONALS

8) If I were a man, I would not have become a teacher.

9) The test was OK, if a bit incomplete.

10) If you will reserve seats, we will be sure of a comfortable journey.

11) If I had seen him with another woman, he would be dead now.

12) If she went to your house yesterday, she probably knows the truth

13) But for your help, we wouldn´t have survived.

14) If mad, study Conditionals.