L/O/G/O

CONDITIONAL SENTENCE

Conditional sentence is a sentence used to supposition an event that not yet happen or will not happen.

A conditional sentence consist of two clauses, main clause and if-clause.Main clause shows an expected result. While the if-clause explains the condition.

If-Clause Main Clause

Subject Verb Object Subject Will/Would Verb Object

If Nina have money She will buy a new house

if Bayu came earlier I would make a cake

Types of conditional sentence

A. Real conditional sentence (Type I)A real conditional sentence expresses that something mentioned in the if-clause will probably happen in the present or in the future.

The pattern is

`

If + Simple present tense, Simple future tense

If + S + V1, S + will +V1

Modals: (will, shall, can, may, must)

Example:

1. If she invites me, I will come2. If you always study hard, you will be a smart student

B. Present unreal conditional sentence (Type II)

A present unreal conditional sentence states that something mentioned in the if-clause is unreal.

The use of present unreal conditional sentence shows that there isn’t a possibility for someone to bring what he/she expects into reality. So, it shows an imagination only.

Example : 1. If I had wings, I would fly in the sky

2. If the teacher asked me, I would answer

Fact: I don’t have wings, so I can’t fly in the sky

Fact: The teacher doesn’t asked me, so I don’t answer

If + Simple past tense, Past future tense

If + S + V2, S + would +V1

We use were for all subjects if the predicate of the sentence is to be

The pattern is

If + Simple past tense, Past future tense

If + S + were, S + would + V1

Example :

1. If I were a strong man, I would climb the mountain2. If Agung were a racer, he would participate in Moto GP racing.

C. Past unreal conditional sentence (Type III)

A past unreal conditional sentence is used to suppose something which is impossible to bring into reality in the past time.

It shows a contrary to the fact in the past.

Example :

1. If the man hadn’t found Tina’s wallet, she might have lost her driving license.

2. If Ima won the music contest Indonesian Idol, she would have had a car

If + Past perfect tense, Past future tense

If + S + had + V3, S + would + have + V3

D. Conditional sentence without “If”

Conditional sentence can be formed without “If”, but using words that have same meaning as “If”.

1. On condition that 2. Provided that3. As long as4. Unless5. In case6. Suppose

Example :

1. I will help you on condition that I am not busy.2. I will help you provided that I am not busy.3. I will help you as long as I am not busy.4. I will help you unless I am not busy.5. I will help you in case I am not busy.6. I will help you suppose I am not busy.

NEGATIVE FORM

The main clause and the if-clause can be changed into negative form.

Main Clause If-Clause

Subject Will/Would Not Verb Object Subject Verb Object

I will not go if he doesn’t give

me the money

I would not go If he Didn’t give

me the money

Interrogative conditional sentence

Main ClauseIf-Clause

Will/Would Subject Verb ObjectWill you go If he gives you money?

Would you go If he gave you the money?

The question words where, when, why, what, who or how can be used before will or would.

Example:1. What will you do if he gives you the book?2. Where would you go if he came?