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OPTIMIZACIÓN DE LA LOGÍSTICA DELSHOTCRETE EN OPERACIONES

SUBTERRÁNEAS

Bloque: Optii!"#i$% &e p'o#e(o( i%e'o()P'o&u#ti*i&"&) I%+e%ie'," &e Mi%"(-

Ing. Gerson León Cervantes.e/e &e P'o#e(o( e% Co%#'eto0ol#"% C,"- Mi%e'" 1 U-E-A- 2"uliCIP 34456)+ le o % 7*o l# " % -# o -p e)+ le o % 7 p u # p - e & u -pe

Ing. Marco Lozada Oré.e/e &e Geoe#8%i#"0ol#"% C,"- Mi%e'" 1 U-E-A 2"uli lo ! " & " 7*o l# " %-#o -p e) " '# o 9l o ! " & " 7 ot " il -# o

RESUMEN

El p'e(e%te t'";"


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2

OB"ETI#OS $ ALCANCES

El p'i%#ip"l o;


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Dep$(ito &e"'e%"

Co%t'ol &eue&"&

+'"%uloet',"

Tol*" &e"#opio

"


4/13

concretoen laPlanta deVolcan –SanCristóbal

A&iti*o Me#o65

3


5/13

5

c. Cem e ntoEl #ee%to &e;e &e #upli' #o% l"%o'" ASTM C65

- L" /o'" p'8#ti#"

&e #o%t'ol"'lo e( e&i"%te l" epe&i#i$%

&el #e'ti/i#"&o &e /";'i#"#i$%-Ipo't"%te e( "l"#e%"'lo e% u% (iloque #upl" l"( #o%&i#io%e( 'eque'i&"(&e tepe'"tu'" e'eti#i&"&-

d. A d i ti! os

Lo( "&iti*o( 8( u("&o( p"'" el";o'"' el #o%#'eto (o% lo( e(t";ili!"&o'e( 'e&u#to'e( &e "+u") lo( #u"le( (o%'e+ul"&o( po' l" %o'" ASTM 3

- El

#o%t'ol (e lo+'" "%te%ie%&o "l &," l"(#e'ti/i#"#io%e( &e /";'i#"#i$%-

e. " ibraE( ipo't"%te e*it"'(e l" #o%t"i%"#i$%#o% "#eite) +'"(") #lo'u'o( u ot'"(u(t"%#i"- E% el #"(o &e l" /i;'"et8li#") &e;e "l"#e%"'(e e%'e#ipie%te( (e#o( " /i% &e e*it"'(e l"po(i;ili&"& &e #o''o(i$%- El #o%t'ol (elo+'" "%te%ie%&o l"( #e'ti/i#"#io%e( &e/";'i#"#i$% "l &,"-

1.2 Elaboración del producto intermedioH";l"o( to&"*," &e u% #opue(to "(t""o'" #o%/o'"&o po': "+u") #ee%to)

"+'e+"&o() /i;'" "&iti*o(-

Lue+o &e o;te%i&o el #o%t'ol p'e*io &e lo(i%(uo( que i%+'e("% "l p'o#e(o) l" (e+u%&"/"(e #o%(i(te e% l" &o(i/i#"#i$% "uto8ti#" e!#l" &e &i#o( #opo%e%te(- El epleo &eu%" pl"%t" "uto"ti!"&" &e #o%#'eto pe'iteu%" "lt" #o%/i";li&"& e% l"( p'opo'#io%e( &e lo(#opo%e%te( i%ii!"%&o lo( (o;'e#o(to(Qi%(e+u'i&"&e( po' e#e(o(Q&e/e#to(-

1.3 TransporteE(t" e( l" et"p" e% l" #u"l e(t8 #e%t'"&o el

p'o;le" lo+,(ti#o) o;o;'e%e#e("'i"( p"'" el #o%t'ol (i% e;"'+o) e%e(t" %ue*" et"p" &e;eo( ""&i' ot'o o;


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6

E( "&e#u"&o e% e(t" et"p" p'o(e+ui'#o% lo( (i+uie%te( #o%t'ole( &e #"li&"&:

"- Co%t'ol &e (lup o "(e%t"ie%to "l

pie &e l";o' ?ASTM C6@

;- Re(i(te%#i" #op'e(i*" &el #o%#'etoe%&u'e#i&o

3?ASTM C3@

#- O;te%#i$% &e te(ti+o(

&i""%ti%o(65

?ASTM C4@

&- P'ep"'"#i$% &e p"%ele( &e

#o%#'eto66

?ASTM C665@

e- Re(i(te%#i" " l" /lei$% &el #o%#'eto'e/o'!"&o #o% /i;'" u("%&o #"'+"(#e%t'"le(

64?ASTM C65@-

'. &LANTEAMIENTO EL &ROBLEMA

Co% el /i% &e po&e' e*"lu"' l"("lte'%"ti*"() &e;eo( p'ie'"e%tee(t";le#e' el p'o;le"- A(u"o( lo((i+uie%te( &"to( ope'"#io%"le(:

•

Ne#e(i&"& &e #o%#'eto e% i%te'io' i%":

-555 et'o( #J;i#o(e%(u"le(-

• Ce%t'o &e +'"*e&"& &e l"( ope'"#io%e(

&e #o%#'eto " W55 et'o( &ep'o/u%&i&"&-

• Co%&i#io%e( +eoe#8%i#"( /"*o'";le(

&el te''e%o p"'" (itu"' u%" pl"%t" &e

#o%#'eto e% i%te'io' i%"-

• Co%&i#io%e( +eoe#8%i#"( /"*o'";le(

&el te''e%o p"'" l" pe'/o'"#i$% &e#ie%e"( '"i(e ;o'e'-

• R"p"( &e (e##i$% (u/i#ie%tee%te

"pli" p"'" el &e(pl"!"ie%to &e*olquete(-

• Di(po%i;ili&"& &e equipo( ie' &e

;"


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(. E#ALUACION E ALTERNATI#AS

L" p'e(e%te e*"lu"#i$% to"'8e% #ue%t" lo( "(pe#to( t=#%i#o(

e#o%$i#o(-

3.1 lternati!a " planta deconcreto en superficie #transporte en mi$ers

'n!er s i(nL"( p'i%#ip"le( i%*e'(io%e( e(t8% &"&"(po' l" "&qui(i#i$% &e u%" pl"%t" &e#o%#'eto l" #o%(t'u##i$% &e l"i%/'"e(t'u#tu'" %e#e("'i" p"'" (u/u%#io%"ie%to) " (";e':

A&qui(i#i$% Pl"%t" &e #o%#'eto

US65-555O;'"( e#8%i#"( #i*ile( US

35-555Iplee%t"#i$% l";o'"to'io US5-555 A&qui(i#i$% (ilo &e 65 t US5-555 A&qui(i#i$% equipo( e%o'e( ?to'%illo(&e "lie%t"#i$%) (opl"&o'e(@

US5-555

>>>>>>>>>>>>>

>>>> TOTAL IN0ERSION

US5-555

Co s tos o p erat i! os p o r m etro c ) bi c oLo( #o(to( ope'"ti*o( e(t8% &"&o( po' l"p'o&u##i$% &el #o%#'eto e% (upe'/i#ie) elt'"(l"&o po' ie'( " i%te'io' i%" ell"%!"&o po' e&io &e lo( 'o;ot() " (";e':

El";o'"#i$% #o%#'eto US65)55T'"%(po'te e% ie' ?#o% u%" &i(t"%#i"p'oe&io " l" l";o' &e W @ US

)55L"%!"&o US )55

>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> TOTAL POR METRO CUBICO

US45)55

* e n t a + as"- El CAPE[ ?#o(to( &e i%*e'(i$%@ e(

'el"ti*"e%te ;"


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'n!er s i(nL"( p'i%#ip"le( i%*e'(io%e( e(t8% &"&"( po' l""&qui(i#i$% &e u%" pl"%t" &e #o%#'eto l"#o%(t'u##i$% &e u%" i%/'"e(t'u#tu'" (u;te''8%e"p"'" (u /u%#io%"ie%to) " (";e':

A&qui(i#i$% Pl"%t" &e #o%#'etoUS65-555O;'"( e#8%i#"( #i*ile(US645-555Iplee%t"#i$% l";o'"to'io US5-555

A&qui(i#i$% equipo( e%o'e( ?to'%illo(&e "lie%t"#i$%) (opl"&o'e(@US 5-555

E#"*"#i$% &e #ie%e" '"i(e ;o'e' p"'"el t'"(l"&o &e "+'e+"&o( US55-555E#"*"#i$% (o(te%iie%to &e l" #8"'"(u;te''8%e" ?5 5 65@ US55-555

>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> TOTAL IN0ERSION US6-65-555

Co s tos o p erat i! os p o r m etro c ) bi c oEl";o'"#i$% #o%#'eto US65)55T'"%(po'te &e #ee%to US )55T'"%(po'te e% ie' ?#o% u%" &i(t"%#i" p'oe&io" l" l";o' &e 6) @ US )55L"%!"&o US )55

>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> TOTAL POR METRO CUBICO

US4)55

* e n t a + as"- Lo( #o(to( ope'"ti*o( (o% e%o'e( que

l" op#i$% "%te'io'- El #o(to u%it"'io &et'"%(po'te &e #o%#'eto e% ie' pue&e &i(i%ui' "(t" e% u% 5&e;i&o " l" 'e&u##i$% &e l"( &i(t"%#i"(-

;- L" &i(i%u#i$% &e l" /lot" &e equipo(

ie' "(t" e% u% 5 p"'" el #"(opl"%te"&o) &i(i%ue%&o lo( #o(to(&e "%te%iie%to-

#- L" p'e(e%#i" &e u%" pl"%t" e% i%te'io' i%" equip"&" #o% u% l";o'"to'io)/"#ilit" el o%ito'eo #o%t'ol &e l"#"li&"& &el p'o&u#to /i%"l: #o%#'etoe% l"( l";o'e(-

&- El (ui%i(t'o &e "+'e+"&o( (e 'e"li!" "t'"*=( &e l" #ie%e" RQB #o% u%"tol*" "l /i%"l) eple"%&o p"'" ello ($lol" e%e'+," pote%#i"l +'"*it"to'i"-

De s! e n ta +as"- El CAPE[ e( "lto e% e(te #"(o-

A&e8( &e l"( i%(t"l"#io%e( ele#t'o>e#8%i#"( &el #"(o "%te'io') (e'equie'e 'ope' e*"#u"' 6-555et'o( #J;i#o( &e 'o#" e% &e(o%te)i%#u''ie%&o u#"( *e#e( e% u% "lto#o(to &e opo'tu%i&"& &e lo( equipo(&e(ti%"&o( p"'" l" p'o&u##i$% &ei%e'"l- A&i#io%"le%te) l"el";o'"#i$% &e u%" #ie%e" '"i(e;o'e' ?pe'/o'"#i$% piloto 'i"&o@ p"'"el t'"%(po'te &e "+'e+"&o e( ot'"


9/13

9

i%*e'(i$% ipo't"%te- P"'" e(te #"(o) eo((upue(to que l" *e%til"#i$% e%

i%te'io' i%" e( ;ue%" pue( l"i%(t"l"#i$% &e l" pl"%t" (u;te''8%e"

(upo%e u%" (i+%i/i#"ti*" polu#i$%"&i#io%"l e% #"(o &e %o (e' "(,)(e'," %e#e("'i" l" iplee%t"#i$% &eu%" (e+u%&" #ie%e" '"i(e ;o'e' p'$i" e#lu(i*" p"'" l" *e%til"#i$%&e l" #8"'"-

b. L" #o%(t'u##i$% &e l"i%/'"e(t'u#tu'" p"'" l" ope'"#i$% e(le%t" ?p'ep"'"#i$% &e #8"'"(u;te''8%e" #ie%e"( '"i(e ;o'e'@-

c. El e(p"#io (u;te''8%eo p"'" e


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>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>TOTAL IN0ERSION US6-55-555

Co s tos o p erat i! os p o r m etro c ) bi c o

El";o'"#i$% #o%#'eto US64)55

T'"%(po'te e% ie' ?#o% u%" &i(t"%#i" p'oe&io "l" l";o' &e 6) @ US )55L"%!"&o US )55

>>>>>>>>>>>>>>

> TOTAL POR METRO CUBICO US45)5


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Tabla 1. Evaluación económica de las alternativas

A)ternat*va A

Pl"%t" &e (ot#'ete e% (upe'/i#ie t'"%(po'te e% ie'(

A)ternat*va B

Pl"%t" &e (ot#'ete e% i%te'io' i%" t'"%(po'te e% ie'(

A)ternat*va C

Pl"%t" &e (ot#'ete e% (upe'/i#ie t '"%(po'te po' tu;e',"(

Producción mensual deshotcrete m!" C#PE$%PE$ &S'(m! de shotcrete"

Costo mensual deproducción Costoanual de producciónTasa de inter)sVida *til estimada a+os"

Valor presente neto de los

5.00 5.00 5.00

$ $ $

$ 280 $ 256 $ 240

$ $ $

$ $ $

10 10 10

5 5 5

$ $ $

-$ -$ -$

8


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* e n t a + as"- El CAPE[ e( i%te'e&io e%t'e l"( &o(

op#io%e( "%te'io'e(-

;- Lo( #o(to( ope'"ti*o( (o% e%o'e( quee% l"( op#io%e( "%te'io'e(- Si ;ie% el#o(to &e el";o'"#i$% "(#ie%&e e% elepleo &el "&iti*o (upe'pl"(ti/i#"%te)&i(i%ue el epleo &e "&iti*oe(t";ili!"%te p"'" l"( l";o'e( #e'#"%"("(ii(o) (e e*it" el (o;'e#o(to po' t'"%(po'te &e #ee%to e% *olquete(-

#- L" &i(i%u#i$% &e l" /lot" &e equipo(ie' "(t" e% u% 5 'e(pe#to " l"p'ie'" "lte'%"ti*") &i(i%ue%&o#o(to( &e "%te%iie%to ei(i$% &e

+"(e( &ie(el e% i%te'io' i%"-

&- El (ui%i(t'o &e #o%#'eto " t'"*=( &etu;e',"( eple" p'8#ti#"e%te ($lo l"e%e'+," pote%#i"l +'"*it"to'i" 'e(ult"%&ou%" "%e'" /u%#io%"l e#o%$i#" p"'"el t'"%(po'te-

e- Se 'equie'e &e po#o e(p"#io e% i%te'io' i%") ($lo u%" #8"'" p"'" "l;e'+"' elt"%que &e &e(#"'+" e!#l"&o

De s! e n ta +as

a. L" #o%(t'u##i$% &e l" i%/'"e(t'u#tu'"p"'" l" ope'"#i$% e( le%t" ?p'ep"'"#i$%&e #ie%e" '"i(e ;o'e' i%(t"l"#i$%&e tu;e',"@-

b. E% %ue(t'o p",( " e(#"(o pe'(o%"l#o% l"( #opete%#i"( epe'ie%#i"p"'" i%(t"l"' l"( tu;e',"( p'ete%("&"(-

c. Se 'equie'e &e u%" pe'(o%" e% i%te'io' i%" &e&i#"&" e#lu(i*"e%te "#oo'&i%"' l" 'e#ep#i$% el &e(p"#o-

d. A&i#io%"' u% (upe'pl"(ti/i#"%te pue&ei%#'ee%t"' lo( #o(to( *"'i";le( &eel";o'"#i$% &el #o%#'eto

E% l" T";l" 6 (e ue(t'" el "%8li(i( e#o%$i#o#op"'"ti*o &e l"( op#io%e(- Se "% #o%(i&e'"&op"'" el "%8li(i( lo( (i+uie%te( (upue(to(:

• U% #o(to /i%"%#ie'o &e 65 "%u"l

• L" *i&" Jtil &e lo( (i(te"( e( (iil"' p"'"

l"( "lte'%"ti*"( e i+u"l " "o(-

De "#ue'&o " lo( #u"le() e#o%$i#"e%te l" e


13/13

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p"'ti#ul"'e( &e #"&" i%" " /i% &eto"' l" e

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